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1. Search for fractionally charged particles with CUORE

Author

CUORE Collaboration, Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bari, G., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Camilleri, J., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Cao, J., Capelli, S., Capelli, C., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Copello, S., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Del Corso, F., Dell'Oro, S., Di Domizio, S., Di Lorenzo, S., Dixon, T., Dompè, V., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fu, S. H., Fujikawa, B. K., Ghislandi, S., Giachero, A., Girola, M., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Guillaumon, P. V., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Helis, D. L., Huang, H. Z., Keppel, G., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Kowalski, R., Liu, R., Ma, L., Ma, Y. G., Marini, L., Maruyama, R. H., Mayer, D., Mei, Y., Moore, M. N., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olmi, M., Oregui, B. T., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pottebaum, E. G., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Quitadamo, S., Ressa, A., Rosenfeld, C., Schmidt, B., Sharma, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Speller, D., Stark, P., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Tomei, C., Torres, A., Torres, J. A., Vetter, K. J., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) is a detector array comprised by 988 5$\;$cm$\times$5$\;$cm$\times$5$\;$cm TeO$_2$ crystals held below 20 mK, primarily searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay in $^{130}$Te. Unprecedented in size amongst cryogenic calorimetric experiments, CUORE provides a promising setting for the study of exotic through-going particles. Using the first tonne-year of CUORE's exposure, we perform a search for hypothesized fractionally charged particles (FCPs), which are well-motivated by various Standard Model extensions and would have suppressed interactions with matter. No excess of FCP candidate tracks is observed over background, setting leading limits on the underground FCP flux with charges between $e/24-e/5$ at 90\% confidence level. Using the low background environment and segmented geometry of CUORE, we establish the sensitivity of tonne-scale sub-Kelvin detectors to diverse signatures of new physics., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures

Published
2024

2. Data-driven background model for the CUORE experiment

Author

CUORE Collaboration, Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bari, G., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Camilleri, J., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Cao, J., Capelli, S., Capelli, C., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Del Corso, F., Dell'Oro, S., Di Domizio, S., Di Lorenzo, S., Dixon, T., Dompè, V., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fu, S. H., Fujikawa, B. K., Ghislandi, S., Giachero, A., Girola, M., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Guillaumon, P. V., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Helis, D. L., Huang, H. Z., Keppel, G., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Kowalski, R., Liu, R., Ma, L., Ma, Y. G., Marini, L., Maruyama, R. H., Mayer, D., Mei, Y., Moore, M. N., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olmi, M., Oregui, B. T., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Ponce, I., Pottebaum, E. G., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Quitadamo, S., Ressa, A., Rosenfeld, C., Schmidt, B., Sharma, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Speller, D., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Tomei, C., Torres, J. A, Vetter, K. J., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We present the model we developed to reconstruct the CUORE radioactive background based on the analysis of an experimental exposure of 1038.4 kg yr. The data reconstruction relies on a simultaneous Bayesian fit applied to energy spectra over a broad energy range. The high granularity of the CUORE detector, together with the large exposure and extended stable operations, allow for an in-depth exploration of both spatial and time dependence of backgrounds. We achieve high sensitivity to both bulk and surface activities of the materials of the setup, detecting levels as low as 10 nBq kg$^{-1}$ and 0.1 nBq cm$^{-2}$, respectively. We compare the contamination levels we extract from the background model with prior radio-assay data, which informs future background risk mitigation strategies. The results of this background model play a crucial role in constructing the background budget for the CUPID experiment as it will exploit the same CUORE infrastructure.

Published
2024
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3. With or without $\nu$? Hunting for the seed of the matter-antimatter asymmetry

Author

CUORE Collaboration, Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bari, G., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Camilleri, J., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Cao, J., Capelli, S., Capelli, C., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Del Corso, F., Dell'Oro, S., Di Domizio, S., Di Lorenzo, S., Dixon, T., Dompè, V., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fu, S. H., Fujikawa, B. K., Ghislandi, S., Giachero, A., Girola, M., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Guillaumon, P. V., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Helis, D. L., Huang, H. Z., Keppel, G., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Kowalski, R., Liu, R., Ma, L., Ma, Y. G., Marini, L., Maruyama, R. H., Mayer, D., Mei, Y., Moore, M. N., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olmi, M., Oregui, B. T., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Ponce, I., Pottebaum, E. G., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Quitadamo, S., Ressa, A., Rosenfeld, C., Schmidt, B., Sharma, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Speller, D., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Tomei, C., Torres, J. A, Vetter, K. J., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The matter-antimatter asymmetry underlines the incompleteness of the current understanding of particle physics. Neutrinoless double-beta ($0\nu \beta\beta$) decay may help explain this asymmetry, while unveiling the Majorana nature of the neutrino. The CUORE experiment searches for $0\nu \beta\beta$ decay of $^{130}$Te using a tonne-scale cryogenic calorimeter operated at milli-kelvin temperatures. We report no evidence for $0\nu \beta\beta$ decay and place a lower limit on the half-life of T$_{1/2}$ $>$ 3.8 $\times$ 10$^{25}$ years (90% C.I.) with over 2 tonne$\cdot$year TeO$_2$ exposure. The tools and techniques developed for this result and the 5 year stable operation of nearly 1000 detectors demonstrate the infrastructure for a next-generation experiment capable of searching for $0\nu \beta\beta$ decay across multiple isotopes.

Published
2024

4. A Plastic Scintillation Muon Veto for Sub-Kelvin Temperatures

Author

Erhart, A., Wagner, V., Wex, A., Goupy, C., Lhuillier, D., Namuth, E., Nones, C., Rogly, R., Savu, V., Schwarz, M., Strauss, R., Vivier, M., Abele, H., Angloher, G., Bento, A., Burkhart, J., Canonica, L., Cappella, F., Casali, N., Cerulli, R., Cruciani, A., del Castello, G., Roccagiovine, M. del Gallo, Doblhammer, A., Dorer, S., Friedl, M., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Hauff, D., Jeanneau, F., Jericha, E., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Langenkämper, A., Lasserre, T., Mancuso, M., Martin, R., Mazzolari, A., Mazzucato, E., Neyrial, H., Oberauer, L., Ortmann, T., Pattavina, L., Peters, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Romagnoni, M., Rothe, J., Schermer, N., Schieck, J., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Scola, L., Soum-Sidikov, G., Stodolsky, L., Tamisari, M., Tomei, C., and Vignati, M.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Rare-event search experiments located on-surface, such as short-baseline reactor neutrino experiments, are often limited by muon-induced background events. Highly efficient muon vetos are essential to reduce the detector background and to reach the sensitivity goals. We demonstrate the feasibility of deploying organic plastic scintillators at sub-Kelvin temperatures. For the NUCLEUS experiment, we developed a cryogenic muon veto equipped with wavelength shifting fibers and a silicon photo multiplier operating inside a dilution refrigerator. The achievable compactness of cryostat-internal integration is a key factor in keeping the muon rate to a minimum while maximizing coverage. The thermal and light output properties of a plastic scintillation detector were examined. We report first data on the thermal conductivity and heat capacity of the polystyrene-based scintillator UPS-923A over a wide range of temperatures extending below one Kelvin. The light output was measured down to 0.8K and observed to increase by a factor of 1.61$\pm$0.05 compared to 300K. The development of an organic plastic scintillation muon veto operating in sub-Kelvin temperature environments opens new perspectives for rare-event searches with cryogenic detectors at sites lacking substantial overburden.

Published
2023

5. Low-energy spectrum of the BULLKID detector array operated on surface

Author

Delicato, D., Ahmad, A., Bandiera, L., Calvo, M., Cappelli, M., Del Castello, G., Roccagiovine, M. del Gallo, Giammei, M., Guidi, V., Maiello, D., Pettinacci, V., Romagnoni, M., Tamisari, M., Cruciani, A., Mazzolari, A., Monfardini, A., and Vignati, M.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We present the first continuous operation in a surface lab of BULLKID, a detector for searches of light Dark Matter and precision measurements of the coherent and elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering. The detector consists of an array of 60 cubic silicon particle absorbers of 0.34 g each, sensed by cryogenic kinetic inductance detectors. The data presented focusses on one of the central elements of the array and on its surrounding elements used as veto. The energy spectrum resulting from an exposure of 39 hours to ambient backgrounds, obtained without radiation shields, is flat at the level of $(2.0\pm0.1\,{\rm stat.}\pm0.2\,{\rm syst.})\times10^6$ counts / keV kg days down to the energy threshold of $160\pm13$ eV. The data analysis demonstrates the unique capability of rejecting backgrounds generated from interactions in other sites of the array, stemming from the segmented and monolithic structure of the detector.

Published
2023
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7. Measurement of the 2$\nu\beta\beta$ Decay Half-Life of Se-82 with the Global CUPID-0 Background Model

Author

Azzolini, O., Beeman, J. W., Bellini, F., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Capelli, S., Caracciolo, V., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Colantoni, I., Cremonesi, O., Cruciani, A., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Di Domizio, S., Dompè, V., Fantini, G., Ferroni, F., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Keppel, G., Kotila, J., Martinez, M., Nagorny, S. S., Nastasi, M., Nisi, S., Nones, C., Orlandi, D., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Ressa, A., Rusconi, C., Schäffner, K., Tomei, C., Vignati, M., and Zolotarova, A. S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We report on the results obtained with the global CUPID-0 background model, which combines the data collected in the two measurement campaigns for a total exposure of 16.6 kg$\times$yr. We identify with improved precision the background sources in the region of interest for neutrinoless double $\beta$-decay, making more solid the foundations for the background budget of the next-generation CUPID experiment. Relying on the excellent data reconstruction, we measure the two-neutrino double $\beta$-decay half-life of $^{82}$Se with unprecedented accuracy: $T_{1/2}^{2\nu} = [8.69 \pm 0.05 \textrm{(stat.)}~^{+0.09}_{-0.06} \textrm{(syst.)}] \times 10^{19}~\textrm{yr}$.

Published
2023

8. Study of collision and $\gamma$-cascade times following neutron-capture processes in cryogenic detectors

Author

CRAB collaboration, Soum-Sidikov, G., Abele, H., Burkhart, J., Cappella, F., Casali, N., Cerulli, R., Chalil, A., Chebboubi, A., Crocombette, J-P., del Castello, G., Roccagiovine, M. del Gallo, Doblhammer, A., Dorer, S., Dumonteil, E., Erhart, A., Giuliani, A., Goupy, C., Gunsing, F., Jericha, E., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Langenkämper, A., Lasserre, T., Letourneau, A., Lhuillier, D., Litaize, O., de Marcillac, P., Marnieros, S., Martin, R., Materna, T., Mazzucato, E., Nones, C., Ortmann, T., Pattavina, L., Poda, D. V., Peters, L., Rothe, J., Schermer, N., Schieck, J., Schönert, S., Serot, O., Stodolsky, L., Strauss, R., Thulliez, L., Vignati, M., Vivier, M., Wagner, V., and Wex, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The emission of $\gamma$-rays after a neutron capture in a cryogenic detector can generate mono-energetic nuclear recoils in the sub-keV regime, of direct interest for the calibration of Dark Matter and Coherent Elastic Neutrino Nucleus Scattering experiments. Here we show that accurate predictions of the nuclear recoil spectra induced by neutron captures require taking into account the interplay between the development in time of the de-excitation $\gamma$-cascade of the target nucleus and that of the associated atomic collisions in matter. We present detailed simulations coupling the FIFRELIN code for the description of the $\gamma$-cascades and the IRADINA code for the modelling of the fast atomic movements in matter. Nuclear recoil spectra are predicted, and made available to the community, for concrete cases of Al$_2$O$_3$, Si, Ge and CaWO$_4$ crystals exposed to a low intensity beam of thermal neutrons. We find that timing effects cause new calibration peaks to emerge in the recoil spectra and also impact the shape of the continuous recoil distribution. We discuss how they could give access to a rich physics program, spanning the accurate study of the response of cryogenic detectors in the sub-keV range, tests of solid state physics simulations and tests of nuclear models.

Published
2023

9. An Analysis of Truck-Driver System Response to Crosswind in Tunnel Exit Conditions

Author

Prakash, A. R., Cioffi, A., Sabbioni, E., Vignati, M., Schito, P., di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Cui, Zhen-Dong, Series Editor, Schito, Paolo, editor, and Zasso, Alberto, editor

Published
2024
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10. Disentangling the sources of ionizing radiation in superconducting qubits

Author

Cardani, L., Colantoni, I., Cruciani, A., De Dominicis, F., D'Imperio, G., Laubenstein, M., Mariani, A., Pagnanini, L., Pirro, S., Tomei, C., Casali, N., Ferroni, F., Frolov, D., Gironi, L., Grassellino, A., Junker, M., Kopas, C., Lachman, E., McRae, C. R. H., Mutus, J., Nastasi, M., Pappas, D. P., Pilipenko, R., Sisti, M., Pettinacci, V., Romanenko, A., Van Zanten, D., Vignati, M., Withrow, J. D., and Zhelev, N. Z.

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Radioactivity was recently discovered as a source of decoherence and correlated errors for the real-world implementation of superconducting quantum processors. In this work, we measure levels of radioactivity present in a typical laboratory environment (from muons, neutrons, and gamma's emitted by naturally occurring radioactive isotopes) and in the most commonly used materials for the assembly and operation of state-of-the-art superconducting qubits. We develop a GEANT-4 based simulation to predict the rate of impacts and the amount of energy released in a qubit chip from each of the mentioned sources. We finally propose mitigation strategies for the operation of next-generation qubits in a radio-pure environment.

Published
2022
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11. Exploring coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering of reactor neutrinos with the NUCLEUS experiment

Author

The NUCLEUS collaboration, Goupy, C., Abele, H., Angloher, G., Bento, A., Canonica, L., Cappella, F., Cardani, L., Casali, N., Cerulli, R., Colantoni, I., Cruciani, A., Del Castello, G., Roccagiovine, M. del Gallo, Doblhammer, A., Dorer, S., Erhart, A., Friendl, M., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Hauff, D., Jeanneau, F., Jericha, E., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Langenkämper, A., Lasserre, T., Lhuillier, D., Mancuso, M., Mauri, B., Mazzolari, A., Mazzucato, E., Neyrial, H., Nones, C., Oberauer, L., Ortmann, T., Pattavina, L., Peters, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Riendl, F., Rogly, R., Romagnoni, M., Rothe, J., Schermer, N., Schieck, J., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Scola, L., Sidikov, G. Soum, Stodolsky, L., Strauss, R., Tamisari, M., Tomei, C., Vignati, M., Vivier, M., Wagner, V., and Wex, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The NUCLEUS experiment aims to perform a high-precision measurement of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering (CEvNS) at the EdF Chooz B nuclear power plant in France. CEvNS is a unique process to study neutrino properties and to search for physics beyond the Standard Model. The study of CEvNS is also important for light Dark-Matter searches. It could be a possible irreducible background for high-sensitivity Dark-Matter searches. NUCLEUS is an experiment under construction based on ultra-low threshold (20 eVnr) cryogenic calorimeters, operated at tens-of-mK temperatures., Comment: Procceding for 14th International Conference on Identification of Dark Matter Vienna, Austria, 18-22 July 2022 - Submitted to SciPost

Published
2022

12. Observation of a nuclear recoil peak at the 100 eV scale induced by neutron capture

Author

CRAB Collaboration, NUCLEUS Collaboration, Abele, H., Angloher, G., Bento, A., Canonica, L., Cappella, F., Cardani, L., Casali, N., Cerulli, R., Chalil, A., Chebboubi, A., Colantoni, I., Crocombette, J. -P., Cruciani, A., Del Castello, G., Roccagiovine, M. del Gallo, Desforge, D., Doblhammer, A., Dumonteil, E., Dorer, S., Erhart, A., Fuss, A., Friedl, M., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Giuliani, A., Goupy, C., Gunsing, F., Hauff, D., Jeanneau, F., Jericha, E., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Langenkämper, A., Lasserre, T., Letourneau, A., Lhuillier, D., Litaize, O., Mancuso, M., de Marcillac, P., Marnieros, S., Materna, T., Mauri, B., Mazzolari, A., Mazzucato, E., Neyrial, H., Nones, C., Oberauer, L., Ortmann, T., Ouzriat, A., Pattavina, L., Peters, L., Petricca, F., Poda, D. V., Potzel, W., Pröbst, F., Reindl, F., Rogly, R., Romagnoni, M., Rothe, J., Schermer, N., Schieck, J., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Scola, L., Serot, O., Soum-Sidikov, G., Stodolsky, L., Strauss, R., Tamisari, M., Thulliez, L., Tomei, C., Vignati, M., Vivier, M., Wagner, V., and Wex, A.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering and low-mass Dark Matter detectors rely crucially on the understanding of their response to nuclear recoils. We report the first observation of a nuclear recoil peak at around 112 eV induced by neutron capture. The measurement was performed with a CaWO$_4$ cryogenic detector from the NUCLEUS experiment exposed to a $^{252}$Cf source placed in a compact moderator. The measured spectrum is found in agreement with simulations and the expected peak structure from the single-$\gamma$ de-excitation of $^{183}$W is identified with 3 $\sigma$ significance. This result demonstrates a new method for precise, in-situ, and non-intrusive calibration of low-threshold experiments.

Published
2022
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13. BULLKID: Monolithic array of particle absorbers sensed by Kinetic Inductance Detectors

Author

Cruciani, A., Bandiera, L., Calvo, M., Casali, N., Colantoni, I., Del Castello, G., Roccagiovine, M. del Gallo, Delicato, D., Giammei, M., Guidi, V., Goupy, J., Pettinacci, V., Pettinari, G., Romagnoni, M., Tamisari, M., Mazzolari, A., Monfardini, A., and Vignati, M.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We introduce BULLKID, an innovative phonon detector consisting of an array of dices acting as particle absorbers sensed by multiplexed Kinetic Inductance Detectors (KIDs). The dices are carved in a thick crystalline wafer and form a monolithic structure. The carvings leave a thin common disk intact in the wafer, acting both as holder for the dices and as substrate for the KID lithography. The prototype presented consists of an array of 64 dices of 5.4x5.4x5 mm$^3$ carved in a 3" diameter, 5 mm thick silicon wafer, with a common disk 0.5 mm thick hosting a 60 nm patterned aluminum layer. The resulting array is highly segmented but avoids the use of dedicated holding structures for each unit. Despite the fact that the uniformity of the KID electrical response across the array needs optimization, the operation of 8 units with similar features shows, on average, a baseline energy resolution of $26\pm7$ eV. This makes it a suitable detector for low-energy processes such as direct interactions of dark matter and coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering.

Published
2022
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14. Search for Majoron-like particles with CUPID-0

Author

Collaboration, CUPID-0, Azzolini, O., Beeman, J. W., Bellini, F., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Capelli, S., Caracciolo, V., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Colantoni, I., Cremonesi, O., Cruciani, A., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Di Domizio, S., Dompè, V., Fantini, G., Ferroni, F., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Keppel, G., Kotila, J., Martinez, M., Nagorny, S., Nastasi, M., Nisi, S., Nones, C., Orlandi, D., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Ressa, A., Rusconi, C., Schäffner, K., Tomei, C., Vignati, M., and Zolotarova, A. S.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We present the first search for the Majoron-emitting modes of the neutrinoless double $\beta$ decay ($0\nu\beta\beta\chi_0$) using scintillating cryogenic calorimeters. We analysed the CUPID-0 Phase I data using a Bayesian approach to reconstruct the background sources activities, and evaluate the potential contribution of the $^{82}$Se $0\nu\beta\beta\chi_0$. We considered several possible theoretical models which predict the existence of a Majoron-like boson coupling to the neutrino. The energy spectra arising from the emission of such bosons in the neutrinoless double $\beta$ decay have spectral indices $n=$ 1, 2, 3 or 7. We found no evidence of any of these decay modes, setting a lower limit (90% of credibility interval) on the half-life of 1.2 $\times$ 10$^{23}$ yr in the case of $n=$ 1, 3.8 $\times$ 10$^{22}$ yr for $n=$ 2, 1.4 $\times$ 10$^{22}$ yr for $n=$ 3 and 2.2 $\times$ 10$^{21}$ yr for $n=$ 7. These are the best limits on the $0\nu\beta\beta\chi_0$ half-life of the $^{82}$Se, and demonstrate the potentiality of the CUPID-0 technology in this field.

Published
2022
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16. Final Result on the Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay of $^{82}$Se with CUPID-0

Author

Azzolini, O., Beeman, J. W., Bellini, F., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Capelli, S., Caracciolo, V., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Colantoni, I., Cremonesi, O., Cruciani, A., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., De Dominics, F., Di Domizio, S., Ferroni, F., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Keppel, G., Martinez, M., Nagorny, S., Nastasi, M., Nisi, S., Nones, C., Orlandi, D., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Rusconi, C., Schaeffner, K., Tomei, C., Vignati, M., and Zolotarova, A. S.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

CUPID-0, an array of Zn$^{82}$Se cryogenic calorimeters, was the first medium-scale demonstrator of the scintillating bolometers technology. The first project phase (March 2017 - December 2018) allowed the most stringent limit on the neutrinoless double beta decay half-life of the isotope of interest, $^{82}$Se, to be set. After a six months long detector upgrade, CUPID-0 began its second and last phase (June 2019 - February 2020). In this letter, we describe the search for neutrinoless double beta decay of $^{82}$Se with a total exposure (phase I + II) of 8.82 kg$\times$yr of isotope. We set a limit on the half-life of $^{82}$Se to the ground state of $^{82}$Kr of T$^{0\nu}_{1/2}$($^{82}$Se)$>$ 4.6$\times \mathrm{10}^{24}$ yr (90\% credible interval), corresponding to an effective Majorana neutrino mass m$_{\beta\beta} <$ (263 -- 545) meV. We also set the most stringent lower limits on the neutrinoless decays of $^{82}$Se to the 0$_1^+$, 2$_1^+$ and 2$_2^+$ excited states of $^{82}$Kr, finding 1.8$\times$10$^{23}$ yr, 3.0$\times$10$^{23}$ yr, 3.2$\times$10$^{23}$ yr (90$\%$ credible interval) respectively.

Published
2022
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17. An Energy-dependent Electro-thermal Response Model of CUORE Cryogenic Calorimeter

Author

CUORE Collaboration, Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bari, G., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Camilleri, J., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Canonica, L., Cao, X. G., Capelli, S., Capelli, C., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Copello, S., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Del Corso, F., Dell'Oro, S., Di Domizio, S., Di Lorenzo, S., Dompè, V., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fu, S. H., Fujikawa, B. K., Ghislandi, S., Giachero, A., Gianvecchio, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Huang, R. G., Huang, H. Z., Johnston, J., Keppel, G., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Kowalski, R., Li, M., Liu, R., Ma, L., Ma, Y. G., Marini, L., Maruyama, R. H., Mayer, D., Mei, Y., Morganti, S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nikkel, J., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olmi, M., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Quitadamo, S., Ressa, A., Rosenfeld, C., Sangiorgio, S., Schmidt, B., Scielzo, N. D., Sharma, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Speller, D., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Terranova, F., Tomei, C., Vetter, K. J., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wang, B. S., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) is the most sensitive experiment searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$) in $^{130}\text{Te}$. CUORE uses a cryogenic array of 988 TeO$_2$ calorimeters operated at $\sim$10 mK with a total mass of 741 kg. To further increase the sensitivity, the detector response must be well understood. Here, we present a non-linear thermal model for the CUORE experiment on a detector-by-detector basis. We have examined both equilibrium and dynamic electro-thermal models of detectors by numerically fitting non-linear differential equations to the detector data of a subset of CUORE channels which are well characterized and representative of all channels. We demonstrate that the hot-electron effect and electric-field dependence of resistance in NTD-Ge thermistors alone are inadequate to describe our detectors' energy dependent pulse shapes. We introduce an empirical second-order correction factor in the exponential temperature dependence of the thermistor, which produces excellent agreement with energy-dependent pulse shape data up to 6 MeV. We also present a noise analysis using the fitted thermal parameters and show that the intrinsic thermal noise is negligible compared to the observed noise for our detectors., Comment: 34 pages, 14 figures, 6 tables

Published
2022

18. New direct limit on neutrinoless double beta decay half-life of $^{128}$Te with CUORE

Author

Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bari, G., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Camilleri, J., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Canonica, L., Cao, X. G., Capelli, C., Capelli, S., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Copello, S., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Del Corso, F., Dell'Oro, S., Di Domizio, S., Di Lorenzo, S., Dompè, V., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fu, S. H., Fujikawa, B. K., Ghislandi, S., Giachero, A., Gianvecchio, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Huang, R. G., Huang, H. Z., Johnston, J., Keppel, G., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Kowalski, R., Ligi, C., Liu, R., Ma, L., Ma, Y. G., Marini, L., Maruyama, R. H., Mayer, D., Mei, Y., Morganti, S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nikkel, J., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olmi, M., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Quitadamo, S., Ressa, A., Rosenfeld, C., Sangiorgio, S., Schmidt, B., Scielzo, N. D., Sharma, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Speller, D., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Terranova, F., Tomei, C., Vetter, K. J., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wang, B. S., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso of INFN in Italy is an experiment searching for neutrinoless double beta (0$\nu\beta\beta$) decay. Its main goal is to investigate this decay in $^{130}$Te, but its ton-scale mass and low background make CUORE sensitive to other rare processes as well. In this work, we present our first results on the search for \nbb decay of $^{128}$Te, the Te isotope with the second highest natural isotopic abundance. We find no evidence for this decay, and using a Bayesian analysis we set a lower limit on the $^{128}$Te \nbb decay half-life of T$_{1/2} > 3.6 \times 10^{24}$ yr (90\% CI). This represents the most stringent limit on the half-life of this isotope, improving by over a factor 30 the previous direct search results, and exceeding those from geochemical experiments for the first time.

Published
2022
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19. Search for Neutrinoless $\beta^+EC$ Decay of $^{120}$Te with CUORE

Author

Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bari, G., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Camilleri, J., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Canonica, L., Cao, X. G., Capelli, C., Capelli, S., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Copello, S., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Del Corso, F., Dell'Oro, S., Di Domizio, S., Di Lorenzo, S., Dompè, V., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fu, S. H., Fujikawa, B. K., Ghislandi, S., Giachero, A., Gianvecchio, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Huang, R. G., Huang, H. Z., Johnston, J., Keppel, G., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Kowalski, R., Ligi, C., Liu, R., Ma, L., Ma, Y. G., Marini, L., Maruyama, R. H., Mayer, D., Mei, Y., Morganti, S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nikkel, J., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olmi, M., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Quitadamo, S., Ressa, A., Rosenfeld, C., Sakai, M., Sangiorgio, S., Schmidt, B., Scielzo, N. D., Sharma, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Speller, D., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Terranova, F., Tomei, C., Vetter, K. J., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wang, B. S., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

CUORE is a large scale cryogenic experiment searching for neutrinoless double beta decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$) in $^{130}$Te. The CUORE detector is made of natural tellurium, providing the possibility of rare event searches on isotopes other than $^{130}$Te. In this work we describe a search for neutrinoless positron emitting electron capture ($0\nu\beta^+EC$) decay in $^{120}$Te with a total TeO$_2$ exposure of 355.7 kg $\cdot$ yr, corresponding to 0.2405 kg $\cdot$ yr of $^{120}$Te. Albeit $0 \nu \beta\beta$ with two final state electrons represents the most promising channel, the emission of a positron and two 511-keV $\gamma$s make $0\nu\beta^+EC$ decay signature extremely clear. To fully exploit the potential offered by the detector modularity we include events with different topology and perform a simultaneous fit of five selected signal signatures. Using blinded data we extract a median exclusion sensitivity of $3.4 \cdot 10^{22}$ yr at 90% Credibility Interval (C.I.). After unblinding we find no evidence of $0\nu\beta^+EC$ signal and set a 90% C.I. Bayesian lower limit of $2.9 \cdot 10^{22}$ yr on $^{120}$Te half-life. This result improves by an order of magnitude the existing limit from the combined analysis of CUORE-0 and Cuoricino.

Published
2022
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20. Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering: Terrestrial and astrophysical applications

Author

Abdullah, M., Abele, H., Akimov, D., Angloher, G., Aristizabal-Sierra, D., Augier, C., Balantekin, A. B., Balogh, L., Barbeau, P. S., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Beaufort, C., Beaulieu, G., Belov, V., Bento, A., Berge, L., Bernardi, I. A., Billard, J., Bolozdynya, A., Bonhomme, A., Bres, G., Bret, J-. L., Broniatowski, A., Brossard, A., Buck, C., Cadeddu, M., Calvo, M., Canonica, L., Cappella, F., Cardani, L., Casali, N., Cazes, A., Cerulli, R., Chaize, D., Chang, C., Chapellier, M., Chaplinsky, L., Chemin, G., Chen, R., Colantoni, I., Colas, J., Coloma, P., Corcoran, E. C., Crawford, S., Cruciani, A., Fard, A. Dastgheibi, De Jesus, M., de Marcillac, P., De Romeri, V., del Castello, G., del GalloRoccagiovine, M., Delicato, D., Demarteau, M., Deng, Y., Dent, J. B., Denton, P. B., Dering, K., Doblhammer, A., Dordei, F., Dorer, S., Dumoulin, L., Dunford, D., Dutta, B., Erhart, A., Exshaw, O., Ferriol, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Filippini, J. B., Flores, L . J., Formaggio, J. A., Friedl, M., Fuard, S., Gao, F., Garai, A., Garces, E. A., Gascon, J., Gehrlein, J., Gerbier, G., Ghete, V. M., Giomataris, I., Giroux, G., Giuliani, A., Giunti, C., Gorel, P., Goupy, C., Goupy, J., Goy, C., Green, M. P., Gros, M., Guerin, C., Guidi, V., Guillaudin, O., Guy, E., Ha, C., Hauff, D., Hakenmuller, J., Harrington, P. M., Hedges, S., Heine, S. T., Hertel, S., Heusch, M., Hoarau, C., Hoferichter, M., Hoppe, E. W., Hong, Z., Horiuchi, S., Huber, P., Ianigro, J. C., Jachowicz, N., Jericha, E., Jin, Y., Johnston, J. P., Juillard, A., Katsioulas, I., Kazarcev, S., Kaznacheeva, M., Kelly, F., Kelly, K. J., Kim, D., Kinast, A., Klinkenberg, L., Kluck, H., Knights, P., Ko, Y. J., Kosmas, T. S., Kwon, L., Lamblin, J., Lang, R. F., Langenkamper, A., Langrock, S., Lasserre, T., Lattaud, H., Lautridou, P., Lee, H. S., Lenardo, B. G., Lhuillier, D., Li, M., Li, S. C., Li, Y. F., Li, Z., Lindner, M., Liu, J., Loomba, D., Lubashevskiy, A., Machado, P. A. N., Mancuso, M., Maneschg, W., Markoff, D. M., Marnieros, S., Martin, R., Martin, R. D., Mauri, B., Mayer, D. W., Mazzolari, A., Mazzucato, E., Menendez, J., Minet, J., Miranda, O. G., Misiak, D., Mols, J. -P., Monfardini, A., Mounier, F., Muraz, J. F., Neep, T., Neilson, R., Newby, J., Newstead, J. L., Neyrial, H., Ni, K., Nikolopoulos, K., Nones, C., Norcini, D., Pandey, V., O'Brien, P., O'Hare, C. A. J., Oberauer, L., Oliver, W., Olivieri, E., Onillon, A., Oriol, C., Ortmann, T., Owen, R., Palladino, K. J., Papoulias, D. K., Park, J. C., Parno, D. S., Patel, P. K., Pattavina, L., Peinado, E., Perbet, E., Peters, L., Petricca, F., Pinckney, H. D., Piro, M. -C., Ponomarev, D., Poda, D., Potzel, W., Probst, F., Pucci, F., Rarbi, F., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Real, J. -S., Reindl, F., Rich, G. C., Ricol, J. S., Rink, T., Redon, T., Rogly, R., Robert, A., Rothe, J., Rozov, S., Rozova, I., Salagnac, T., Garcia, E. Sanchez, Garcia, G. Sanchez, Sanders, O., Sanglard, V., Santos, D., Sarkis, Y., Savu, V., Savvidis, G., Savvidis, I., Schermer, N., Schieck, J., Schmidt, B., Schonert, S., Scholberg, K., Schwenk, A., Schwertner, C., Scola, L., Shevchik, Ye., Shin, S., Sibille, V., Shoemaker, I. M., Snowden-Ifft, D. P., Soldner, T., Soum, G., Spooner, N. J. C., Stachurska, J., Stodolsky, L., Strauss, R., Strigari, L. E., Stutz, A., Suh, B. D., Suhonen, J., Tabrizi, Z., Takhistov, V., Thompson, A., Tomei, C., Tortola, M., Tripathi, M., Vagneron, L., Valle, J. W. F., Mirbach, K. v., Van De Ponteseele, W., Vignati, M., Vivier, M., Fernandez, F. Vazquez de Sola, Vezzu, F., Vidal, M., Wagner, V., Walker, J. W., Ward, R., Wex, A., Winslow, L., Wong, H. T., Wood, M. H., Xu, J., Yang, L., Yakushev, E., Zampaolo, M., Zettlemoyer, J., Zhang, Y. Y., and Zinatulina, D.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE$\nu$NS) is a process in which neutrinos scatter on a nucleus which acts as a single particle. Though the total cross section is large by neutrino standards, CE$\nu$NS has long proven difficult to detect, since the deposited energy into the nucleus is $\sim$ keV. In 2017, the COHERENT collaboration announced the detection of CE$\nu$NS using a stopped-pion source with CsI detectors, followed up the detection of CE$\nu$NS using an Ar target. The detection of CE$\nu$NS has spawned a flurry of activities in high-energy physics, inspiring new constraints on beyond the Standard Model (BSM) physics, and new experimental methods. The CE$\nu$NS process has important implications for not only high-energy physics, but also astrophysics, nuclear physics, and beyond. This whitepaper discusses the scientific importance of CE$\nu$NS, highlighting how present experiments such as COHERENT are informing theory, and also how future experiments will provide a wealth of information across the aforementioned fields of physics., Comment: contribution to Snowmasss 2021. Contact authors: P. S. Barbeau, R. Strauss, L. E. Strigari

Published
2022

21. EXCESS workshop: Descriptions of rising low-energy spectra

Author

Adari, P., Aguilar-Arevalo, A., Amidei, D., Angloher, G., Armengaud, E., Augier, C., Balogh, L., Banik, S., Baxter, D., Beaufort, C., Beaulieu, G., Belov, V., Gal, Y. Ben, Benato, G., Benoît, A., Bento, A., Bergé, L., Bertolini, A., Bhattacharyya, R., Billard, J., Bloch, I. M., Botti, A., Breier, R., Bres, G., Bret, J-. L., Broniatowski, A., Brossard, A., Bucci, C., Bunker, R., Cababie, M., Calvo, M., Camus, P., Cancelo, G., Canonica, L., Cappella, F., Cardani, L., Caron, J. -F., Casali, N., del Castello, G., Cazes, A., Cerulli, R., Vergara, B. A. Cervantes, Chaize, D., Chapellier, M., Chaplinsky, L., Charlieux, F., Chaudhuri, M., Chavarria, A. E., Chemin, G., Chen, R., Chen, H., Chierchie, F., Colantoni, I., Colas, J., Cooley, J., Coquillat, J. -M., Corcoran, E. C., Crawford, S., Crisler, M., Cruciani, A., Cushman, P., D'Addabbo, A., D'Olivo, J. C., Dastgheibi-Fard, A., De Jésus, M., Deng, Y., Dent, J. B., Depaoli, E. L., Dering, K., Dharani, S., Di Lorenzo, S., Drlica-Wagner, A., Dumoulin, L., Durnford, D., Dutta, B., Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Erhart, A., Essig, R., Estrada, J., Etzion, E., Exshaw, O., Favela-Perez, F., Feilitzsch, F. v., Moroni, G. Fernandez, Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Ferriol, S., Fichtinger, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Filippini, J. -B., Filosofov, D., Formaggio, J. A., Friedl, M., Fuard, S., Fuchs, D., Fuss, A., Gaïor, R., Garai, A., Garrah, C., Gascon, J., Gerbier, G., Ghaith, M., Ghete, V. M., Gift, D., Giomataris, I., Giroux, G., Giuliani, A., Gorel, P., Gorla, P., Goupy, C., Goupy, J., Goy, C., Gros, M., Gros, P., Guardincerri, Y., Guerin, C., Guidi, V., Guillaudin, O., Gupta, S., Guy, E., Harrington, P., Hauff, D., Heine, S. T., Hertel, S. A., Holland, S. E., Hong, Z., Hoppe, E. W., Hossbach, T. W., Ianigro, J. -C., Iyer, V., Jastram, A., Ješkovský, M., Jin, Y., Jochum, J., Johnston, J. P., Juillard, A., Karaivanov, D., Kashyap, V., Katsioulas, I., Kazarcev, S., Kaznacheeva, M., Kelly, F., Kilminster, B., Kinast, A., Klinkenberg, L., Kluck, H., Knights, P., Korn, Y., Kraus, H., von Krosigk, B., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Lamblin, J., Langenkämper, A., Langrock, S., Lasserre, T., Lattaud, H., Lautridou, P., Lawson, I., Lee, S. J., Lee, M., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhuillier, D., Li, M., Lin, Y. -T., Lubashevskiy, A., Mahapatra, R., Maludze, S., Mancuso, M., Manthos, I., Marini, L., Marnieros, S., Martin, R. D., Matalon, A., Matthews, J., Mauri, B., Mayer, D. W., Mazzolari, A., Mazzucato, E., Theenhausen, H. Meyer zu, Michielin, E., Minet, J., Mirabolfathi, N., Mirbach, K. v., Misiak, D., Mitra, P., Mocellin, J-. L., Mohanty, B., Mokina, V., Mols, J. -P., Monfardini, A., Mounier, F., Munagavalasa, S., Muraz, J. -F., Navick, X. -F., Neep, T., Neog, H., Neyrial, H., Nikolopoulos, K., Nilima, A., Nones, C., Novati, V., O'Brien, P., Oberauer, L., Olivieri, E., Olmi, M., Onillon, A., Oriol, C., Orly, A., Orrell, J. L., Ortmann, T., Overman, C. T., Pagliarone, C., Palušová, V., Pari, P., Patel, P. K., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Piers, A., Pinckney, H. D., Piro, M. -C., Platt, M., Poda, D., Ponomarev, D., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Privitera, P., Pucci, F., Ramanathan, K., Real, J. -S., Redon, T., Reindl, F., Ren, R., Robert, A., Da Rocha, J., Rodrigues, D., Rogly, R., Rothe, J., Rowe, N., Rozov, S., Rozova, I., Saab, T., Saffold, N., Salagnac, T., Sander, J., Sanglard, V., Santos, D., Sarkis, Y., Savu, V., Savvidis, G., Savvidis, I., Schönert, S., Schäffner, K., Schermer, N., Schieck, J., Schmidt, B., Schmiedmayer, D., Schwertner, C., Scola, L., Settimo, M., Shevchik, Ye., Sibille, V., Sidelnik, I., Singal, A., Smida, R., Haro, M. Sofo, Soldner, T., Stachurska, J., Stahlberg, M., Stefanazzi, L., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Stutz, A., Thomas, R., Thompson, A., Tiffenberg, J., Tomei, C., Traina, M., Uemura, S., Usherov, I., Vagneron, L., Van De Pontseele, W., Fernandez, F. A. Vazquez de Sola, Vidal, M., Vignati, M., Virto, A. L., Vivier, M., Volansky, T., Wagner, V., Wagner, F., Walker, J., Ward, R., Watkins, S. L., Wex, A., Willers, M., Wilson, M. J., Winslow, L., Yakushev, E., Yu, T. -T., Zampaolo, M., Zaytsev, A., Zema, V., Zinatulina, D., and Zolotarova, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Many low-threshold experiments observe sharply rising event rates of yet unknown origins below a few hundred eV, and larger than expected from known backgrounds. Due to the significant impact of this excess on the dark matter or neutrino sensitivity of these experiments, a collective effort has been started to share the knowledge about the individual observations. For this, the EXCESS Workshop was initiated. In its first iteration in June 2021, ten rare event search collaborations contributed to this initiative via talks and discussions. The contributing collaborations were CONNIE, CRESST, DAMIC, EDELWEISS, MINER, NEWS-G, NUCLEUS, RICOCHET, SENSEI and SuperCDMS. They presented data about their observed energy spectra and known backgrounds together with details about the respective measurements. In this paper, we summarize the presented information and give a comprehensive overview of the similarities and differences between the distinct measurements. The provided data is furthermore publicly available on the workshop's data repository together with a plotting tool for visualization., Comment: 44 pages, 20 figures; Editors: A. Fuss, M. Kaznacheeva, F. Reindl, F. Wagner; updated copyright statements and funding information

Published
2022
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22. Development of a compact muon veto for the NUCLEUS experiment

Author

Wagner, V., Rogly, R., Erhart, A., Savu, V., Goupy, C., Lhuillier, D., Vivier, M., Klinkenberg, L., Angloher, G., Bento, A., Canonica, L., Cappella, F., Cardani, L., Casali, N., Cerulli, R., Colantoni, I., Cruciani, A., del Castello, G., Friedl, M., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Guidi, V., Hauff, D., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Langenkämper, A., Lasserre, T., Mancuso, M., Mauri, B., Mazzolari, A., Mazzucato, E., Neyrial, H., Nones, C., Oberauer, L., Onillon, A., Ortmann, T., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schermer, N., Schieck, J., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Scola, L., Stodolsky, L., Strauss, R., Tomei, C., Mirbach, K. v., Vignati, M., and Wex, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The NUCLEUS experiment aims to measure coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering of reactor anti-neutrinos using cryogenic calorimeters. Operating at an overburden of 3 m.w.e., muon-induced backgrounds are expected to be one of the dominant background contributions. Besides a high efficiency to identify muon events passing the experimental setup, the NUCLEUS muon veto has to fulfill tight spatial requirements to fit the constraints given by the experimental site and to minimize the induced detector dead-time. We developed highly efficient and compact muon veto modules based on plastic scintillators equipped with wavelength shifting fibers and silicon photo multipliers to collect and detect the scintillation light. In this paper, we present the full characterization of a prototype module with different light read-out configurations. We conclude that an efficient and compact muon veto system can be built for the NUCLEUS experiment from a cube assembly of the developed modules. Simulations show that an efficiency for muon identification of >99 % and an associated rate of 325 Hz is achievable, matching the requirements of the NUCLEUS experiment.

Published
2022
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23. A plastic scintillation muon veto for sub-Kelvin temperatures

Author

Erhart, A., Wagner, V., Wex, A., Goupy, C., Lhuillier, D., Namuth, E., Nones, C., Rogly, R., Savu, V., Schwarz, M., Strauss, R., Vivier, M., Abele, H., Angloher, G., Bento, A., Burkhart, J., Canonica, L., Cappella, F., Casali, N., Cerulli, R., Cruciani, A., del Castello, G., del Gallo Roccagiovine, M., Doblhammer, A., Dorer, S., Friedl, M., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Hauff, D., Jeanneau, F., Jericha, E., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Langenkämper, A., Lasserre, T., Mancuso, M., Martin, R., Mauri, B., Mazzolari, A., Mazzucato, E., Neyrial, H., Oberauer, L., Ortmann, T., Pattavina, L., Peters, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Romagnoni, M., Rothe, J., Schermer, N., Schieck, J., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Scola, L., Soum-Sidikov, G., Stodolsky, L., Tamisari, M., Tomei, C., and Vignati, M.

Published
2024
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24. CUORE Opens the Door to Tonne-scale Cryogenics Experiments

Author

CUORE Collaboration, Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alessandria, F., Alfonso, K., Andreotti, E., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Balata, M., Bandac, I., Banks, T. I., Bari, G., Barucci, M., Beeman, J. W., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Beretta, M., Bersani, A., Biare, D., Biassoni, M., Bragazzi, F., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bryant, A., Buccheri, A., Bucci, C., Bulfon, C., Camacho, A., Camilleri, J., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Canonica, L., Cao, X. G., Capelli, S., Capodiferro, M., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Cariello, M., Carniti, P., Carrettoni, M., Casali, N., Cassina, L., Celi, E., Cereseto, R., Ceruti, G., Chiarini, A., Chiesa, D., Chott, N., Clemenza, M., Conventi, D., Copello, S., Cosmelli, C., Cremonesi, O., Crescentini, C., Creswick, R. J., Cushman, J. S., D'Addabbo, A., D'Aguanno, D., Dafinei, I., Datskov, V., Davis, C. J., Del Corso, F., Dell'Oro, S., Deninno, M. M., Di Domizio, S., Dompè, V., Di Vacri, M. L., Di Paolo, L., Drobizhev, A., Ejzak, L., Faccini, R., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fu, S. H., Fujikawa, B. K., Gaigher, R., Ghislandi, S., Giachero, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gladstone, L., Goett, J., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Guandalini, C., Guerzoni, M., Guetti, M., Gutierrez, T. D., Haller, E. E., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Hennings-Yeomans, R., Hickerson, K. P., Huang, R. G., Huang, H. Z., Iannone, M., Ioannucci, L., Johnston, J., Kadel, R., Keppel, G., Kogler, L., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Leder, A., Ligi, C., Lim, K. E., Liu, R., Ma, L., Ma, Y. G., Maiano, C., Maino, M., Marini, L., Martinez, M., Amaya, C. Martinez, Maruyama, R. H., Mayer, D., Mazza, R., Mei, Y., Moggi, N., Morganti, S., Mosteiro, P. J., Nagorny, S. S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nikkel, J., Nisi, S., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Novati, V., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olcese, M., Olivieri, E., Orio, F., Orlandi, D., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Palmieri, V., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pedretti, M., Pedrotta, R., Pelosi, A., Perego, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Piperno, G., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Quitadamo, S., Reindl, F., Rimondi, F., Risegari, L., Rosenfeld, C., Rossi, C., Rusconi, C., Sakai, M., Sala, E., Salvioni, C., Sangiorgio, S., Santone, D., Schaeffer, D., Schmidt, B., Schmidt, J., Scielzo, N. D., Sharma, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Smith, A. R., Speller, D., Stivanello, F., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Tatananni, L., Tenconi, M., Terranova, F., Tessaro, M., Tomei, C., Ventura, G., Vetter, K. J., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wallig, J., Wang, B. S., Wang, H. W., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Wise, T., Zanotti, L., Zarra, C., Zhang, G. Q., Zhu, B. X., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The past few decades have seen major developments in the design and operation of cryogenic particle detectors. This technology offers an extremely good energy resolution - comparable to semiconductor detectors - and a wide choice of target materials, making low temperature calorimetric detectors ideal for a variety of particle physics applications. Rare event searches have continued to require ever greater exposures, which has driven them to ever larger cryogenic detectors, with the CUORE experiment being the first to reach a tonne-scale, mK-cooled, experimental mass. CUORE, designed to search for neutrinoless double beta decay, has been operational since 2017 at a temperature of about 10 mK. This result has been attained by the use of an unprecedentedly large cryogenic infrastructure called the CUORE cryostat: conceived, designed and commissioned for this purpose. In this article the main characteristics and features of the cryogenic facility developed for the CUORE experiment are highlighted. A brief introduction of the evolution of the field and of the past cryogenic facilities are given. The motivation behind the design and development of the CUORE cryogenic facility is detailed as are the steps taken toward realization, commissioning, and operation of the CUORE cryostat. The major challenges overcome by the collaboration and the solutions implemented throughout the building of the cryogenic facility will be discussed along with the potential improvements for future facilities. The success of CUORE has opened the door to a new generation of large-scale cryogenic facilities in numerous fields of science. Broader implications of the incredible feat achieved by the CUORE collaboration on the future cryogenic facilities in various fields ranging from neutrino and dark matter experiments to quantum computing will be examined., Comment: 45 pages, 14 figures

Published
2021
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25. Measurement of $^{216}$Po half-life with the CUPID-0 experiment

Author

Azzolini, O., Beeman, J. W., Bellini, F., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Capelli, S., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Caracciolo, V., Casali, N., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Colantoni, I., Cremonesi, O., Cruciani, A., Dafinei, I., D'Addabbo, A., Di Domizio, S., Ferroni, F., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Keppel, G., Martinez, M., Nagorny, S., Nastasi, M., Nisi, S., Nones, C., Orlandi, D., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Rusconi, C., Schaffner, K., Tomei, C., Vignati, M., and Zolotarova, A.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Rare event physics demands very detailed background control, high-performance detectors, and custom analysis strategies. Cryogenic calorimeters combine all these ingredients very effectively, representing a promising tool for next-generation experiments. CUPID-0 is one of the most advanced examples of such a technique, having demonstrated its potential with several results obtained with limited exposure. In this paper, we present a further application. Exploiting the analysis of delayed coincidence, we can identify the signals caused by the $^{220}$Rn-$^{216}$Po decay sequence on an event-by-event basis. The analysis of these events allows us to extract the time differences between the two decays, leading to a new evaluation of $^{216}$ half-life, estimated as (143.3 $\pm$ 2.8) ms., Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures

Published
2021
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26. Background identification in cryogenic calorimeters through $\alpha-\alpha$ delayed coincidences

Author

Azzolini, O., Beeman, J. W., Bellini, F., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Capelli, S., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Cremonesi, O., Cruciani, A., Dafinei, I., D'Addabbo, A., Di Domizio, S., Ferroni, F., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Keppel, G., Martinez, M., Nagorny, S., Nastasi, M., Nisi, S., Nones, C., Orlandi, D., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Rusconi, C., Schäffner, K., Tomei, C., Vignati, M., and Zolotarova, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability
Abstract

Localization and modeling of radioactive contaminations is a challenge that ultra-low background experiments are constantly facing. These are fundamental steps both to extract scientific results and to further reduce the background of the detectors. Here we present an innovative technique based on the analysis of $\alpha-\alpha$ delayed coincidences in $^{232}$Th and $^{238}$U decay chains, developed to investigate the contaminations of the ZnSe crystals in the CUPID-0 experiment. This method allows to disentangle surface and bulk contaminations of the detectors relying on the different probability to tag delayed coincidences as function of the $\alpha$ decay position.

Published
2021
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27. Search for Majorana neutrinos exploiting millikelvin cryogenics with CUORE

Author

Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bari, G., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Camilleri, J., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Canonica, L., Cao, X. G., Capelli, S., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Copello, S., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Dell'Oro, S., Di Domizio, S., Dompe', V., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fu, S. H., Fujikawa, B. K., Giachero, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Huang, R. G., Huang, H. Z., Johnston, J., Keppel, G., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Ligi, C., Liu, R., Ma, L., Ma, Y. G., Marini, L., Maruyama, R. H., Mayer, D., Mei, Y., Moggi, N., Morganti, S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nikkel, J., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Rosenfeld, C., Rusconi, C., Sakai, M., Sangiorgio, S., Schmidt, B., Scielzo, N. D., Sharma, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Speller, D., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Terranova, F., Tomei, C., Vetter, K. J., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wang, B. S., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The possibility that neutrinos may be their own antiparticles, unique among the known fundamental particles, arises from the symmetric theory of fermions proposed by Ettore Majorana in 1937. Given the profound consequences of such Majorana neutrinos, among which is a potential explanation for the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe via leptogenesis, the Majorana nature of neutrinos commands intense experimental scrutiny globally; one of the primary experimental probes is neutrinoless double beta ($0 \nu \beta \beta$) decay. Here we show results from the search for $0 \nu \beta \beta$ decay of $^{130}$Te, using the latest advanced cryogenic calorimeters with the CUORE experiment. CUORE, operating just 10 millikelvin above absolute zero, has pushed the state of the art on three frontiers: the sheer mass held at such ultra-low temperatures, operational longevity, and the low levels of ionising radiation emanating from the cryogenic infrastructure. We find no evidence for $0 \nu \beta \beta$ decay and set a lower bound of $T_{1/2}^{0 \nu} > 2.2 \times 10^{25}$ years at a 90% credibility interval. We discuss potential applications of the advances made with CUORE to other fields such as direct dark matter, neutrino and nuclear physics searches and large-scale quantum computing, which can benefit from sustained operation of large payloads in a low-radioactivity, ultra-low temperature cryogenic environment.

Published
2021
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28. Non-linearity in the system of quasiparticles of a superconducting resonator

Author

Vignati, M., Bellenghi, C., Cardani, L., Casali, N., Colantoni, I., and Cruciani, A.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We observed a strong non-linearity in the system of quasiparticles of a superconducting aluminum resonator, due to the Cooper-pair breaking from the absorbed readout power. We observed both negative and positive feedback effects, controlled by the detuning of the readout frequency, which are able to alter the relaxation time of quasiparticles by a factor greater than 10. We estimate that the (70+/-5) % of the total non-linearity of the device is due to quasiparticles., Comment: Supplementary material included

Published
2021

29. Search for Double-Beta Decay of $\mathrm{^{130}Te}$ to the $0^+$ States of $\mathrm{^{130}Xe}$ with CUORE

Author

CUORE Collaboration, Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bari, G., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Branca, M. Biassoni A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Camilleri, J., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Canonica, L., Cao, X. G., Capelli, S., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Casali, P. Carniti N., Celi, E., Copello, D. Chiesa M. Clemenza S., Cosmelli, C., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Davis, C. J., Di Domizio, S. Dell'Oro S., Dompè, V., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Ferri, M. Faverzani E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fu, S. H., Fujikawa, B. K., Giachero, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Heeger, K. M., Huang, R. G., Huang, H. Z., Johnston, J., Keppel, G., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Ligi, C., Ma, L., Ma, Y. G., Marini, L., Maruyama, R. H., Mayer, D., Mei, Y., Moggi, N., Morganti, S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nikkel, J., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Rosenfeld, C., Rusconi, C., Sakai, M., Sangiorgio, S., Schmidt, B., Scielzo, N. D., Sharma, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Speller, D., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Terranova, F., Tomei, C., Vetter, K. J., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wang, B. S., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The CUORE experiment is a large bolometric array searching for the lepton number violating neutrino-less double beta decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$) in the isotope $\mathrm{^{130}Te}$. In this work we present the latest results on two searches for the double beta decay (DBD) of $\mathrm{^{130}Te}$ to the first $0^{+}_2$ excited state of $\mathrm{^{130}Xe}$: the $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay and the Standard Model-allowed two-neutrinos double beta decay ($2\nu\beta\beta$). Both searches are based on a 372.5 kg$\times$yr TeO$_2$ exposure. The de-excitation gamma rays emitted by the excited Xe nucleus in the final state yield a unique signature, which can be searched for with low background by studying coincident events in two or more bolometers. The closely packed arrangement of the CUORE crystals constitutes a significant advantage in this regard. The median limit setting sensitivities at 90\% Credible Interval (C.I.) of the given searches were estimated as $\mathrm{S^{0\nu}_{1/2} = 5.6 \times 10^{24} \: \mathrm{yr}}$ for the ${0\nu\beta\beta}$ decay and $\mathrm{S^{2\nu}_{1/2} = 2.1 \times 10^{24} \: \mathrm{yr}}$ for the ${2\nu\beta\beta}$ decay. No significant evidence for either of the decay modes was observed and a Bayesian lower bound at $90\%$ C.I. on the decay half lives is obtained as: $\mathrm{(T_{1/2})^{0\nu}_{0^+_2} > 5.9 \times 10^{24} \: \mathrm{yr}}$ for the $0\nu\beta\beta$ mode and $\mathrm{(T_{1/2})^{2\nu}_{0^+_2} > 1.3 \times 10^{24} \: \mathrm{yr}}$ for the $2\nu\beta\beta$ mode. These represent the most stringent limits on the DBD of $^{130}$Te to excited states and improve by a factor $\sim5$ the previous results on this process., Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures

Published
2021
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30. Results on $^{82}$Se $2\nu\beta\beta$ with CUPID-0 Phase I

Author

Pagnanini, L, Azzolini, O, Beeman, J W, Bellini, F, Beretta, M, Biassoni, M, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Capelli, S, Cardani, L, Carniti, P, Casali, N, Chiesa, D, Clemenza, M, Cremonesi, O, Cruciani, A, Dafinei, I, Di Domizio, S, Ferroni, F, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Keppel, G, Martinez, M, Nagorny, S, Nastasi, M, Nisi, S, Nones, C, Orlandi, D, Pallavicini, M, Pattavina, L, Pavan, M, Pessina, G, Pettinacci, V, Pirro, S, Pozzi, S, Previtali, E, Puiu, A, Rusconi, C, Schaffner, K, Tomei, C, Vignati, M, and Zolotarova, A S

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The nucleus is an extraordinarily complex object where fundamental forces are at work. The solution of this many-body problem has challenged physicists for decades: several models with complementary virtues and flaws have been adopted, none of which has a universal predictive capability. Double beta decay is a second-order weak nuclear decay whose precise measurement might steer fundamental improvements in nuclear theory. Its knowledge paves the way to a much better understanding of many-body nuclear dynamics and clarifies, in particular, the role of multiparticle states. This is a useful input to a complete understanding of the dynamics of neutrino-less double beta decay, the chief physical process whose discovery may shed light to the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe and unveil the true nature of neutrinos. Here, we report the study of $2\nu\beta\beta$-decay in $^{82}$Se with the CUPID-0 detector, an array of ZnSe crystals maintained at a temperature close to 'absolute zero' in an ultralow background environment. Thanks to the unprecedented accuracy in the measurement of the two electrons spectrum, we prove that the decay is dominated by a single intermediate state. We obtain also the most precise value for the $^{82}$Se $2\nu\beta\beta$-decay half-life of $T^{2{\nu}}_{1/2} = [8.6^{+0.2}_{-0.1}] \times 10^{19}$ yr.

Published
2020
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31. Measurement of the 2$\nu\beta\beta$ Decay Half-life of $^{130}$Te with CUORE

Author

CUORE Collaboration, Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bari, G., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Biassoni, M., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Camilleri, J., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Canonica, L., Cao, X. G., Capelli, S., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Copello, S., Cosmelli, C., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Davis, C. J., Dell'Oro, S., Di Domizio, S., Dompè, V., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fu, S. H., Fujikawa, B. K., Giachero, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Heeger, K. M., Huang, R. G., Huang, H. Z., Johnston, J., Keppel, G., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Ligi, C., Ma, L., Ma, Y. G., Marini, L., Maruyama, R. H., Mayer, D., Mei, Y., Moggi, N., Morganti, S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nikkel, J., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Rosenfeld, C., Rusconi, C., Sakai, M., Sangiorgio, S., Schmidt, B., Scielzo, N. D., Sharma, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Speller, D., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Terranova, F., Tomei, C., Vetter, K. J., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wang, B. S., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, J.2
Abstract

We measured two-neutrino double beta decay of $^{130}$Te using an exposure of 300.7 kg$\cdot$yr accumulated with the CUORE detector. Using a Bayesian analysis to fit simulated spectra to experimental data, it was possible to disentangle all the major background sources and precisely measure the two-neutrino contribution. The half-life is in agreement with past measurements with a strongly reduced uncertainty: $T^{2\nu}_{1/2} = 7.71^{+0.08}_{-0.06}\mathrm{(stat.)}^{+0.12}_{-0.15}\mathrm{(syst.)}\times10^{20}$ yr. This measurement is the most precise determination of the $^{130}$Te 2$\nu\beta\beta$ decay half-life to date., Comment: Published in PRL

Published
2020
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32. Search for double $\beta$-decay modes of $^{64}$Zn using purified zinc

Author

Bellini, F., Beretta, M., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Dafinei, I., Di Domizio, S., Ferroni, F., Gironi, L., Gorbenko, Yu. V., Gotti, C., Kovtun, G. P., Laubenstein, M., Nagorny, S., Nisi, S., Pagnanini, L., Pattavina, L., Pessina, G., Pirro, S., Previtali, E., Rusconi, C., Schaffner, K., Shcherban, A. P., Solopikhin, D. A., Virich, V. D., Tomei, C., and Vignati, M.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The production of ultra-pure raw material is a crucial step to ensure the required background level in rare event searches. In this work, we establish an innovative technique developed to produce high-purity (99.999%) granular zinc. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the refining procedure by measuring the internal contaminations of the purified zinc with a high-purity germanium detector at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. The total activity of cosmogenic activated nuclides is measured at the level of a few mBq/kg, as well as limits on naturally occurring radionuclides are set to less than mBq/kg. The excellent radiopurity of the zinc sample allows us to search for electron capture with positron emission and neutrinoless double electron capture of $^{64}$Zn, setting the currently most stringent lower limits on their half-lives, $T_{1/2}^{\varepsilon\beta^+} > 2.7 \times 10^{21}\text{yr}$ (90% C.I.), and $T_{1/2}^{0\nu2\varepsilon}> 2.6 \times 10^{21}\text{yr}$ (90% C.I.), respectively.

Published
2020
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33. Double beta decay results from the CUPID-0 experiment

Author

Chiesa, D., Azzolini, O., Beeman, J. W., Bellini, F., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Capelli, S., Cardani, L., Celi, E., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Clemenza, M., Cremonesi, O., Cruciani, A., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Di Domizio, S., Ferroni, F., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Keppel, G., Martinez, M., Nagorny, S., Nastasi, M., Nisi, S., Nones, C., Orlandi, D., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Rusconi, C., Schäffner, K., Tomei, C., Vignati, M., and Zolotarova, A.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

A convincing observation of neutrino-less double beta decay (0$\nu$DBD) relies on the possibility of operating high energy-resolution detectors in background-free conditions. Scintillating cryogenic calorimeters are one of the most promising tools to fulfill the requirements for a next-generation experiment. Several steps have been taken to demonstrate the maturity of this technique, starting from the successful experience of CUPID-0. The CUPID-0 experiment demonstrated the complete rejection of the dominant alpha background measuring the lowest counting rate in the region of interest for this technique. Furthermore, the most stringent limit on the $^{82}$Se 0$\nu$DBD was established running 26 ZnSe crystals during two years of continuous detector operation. In this contribution we present the final results of CUPID-0 Phase I including a detailed model of the background, the measurement of the $^{82}$Se 2$\nu$DBD half-life and the evidence that this nuclear transition is single state dominated., Comment: 40th International Conference on High Energy physics - ICHEP2020 July 28 - August 6, 2020 Prague, Czech Republic (virtual meeting)

Published
2020

34. Calibration of nuclear recoils at the 100 eV scale using neutron capture

Author

Thulliez, L., Lhuillier, D., Cappella, F., Casali, N., Cerulli, R., Chalil, A., Chebboubi, A., Dumonteil, E., Erhart, A., Giuliani, A., Gunsing, F., Jericha, E., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Langenkämper, A., Lasserre, T., Letourneau, A., Litaize, O., de Marcillac, P., Marnieros, S., Materna, T., Mauri, B., Mazzucato, E., Nones, C., Ortmann, T., Pattavina, L., Poda, D. V., Rogly, R., Schermer, N., Serot, O., Soum, G., Stodolsky, L., Strauss, R., Vignati, M., Vivier, M., Wagner, V., and Wex, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The development of low-threshold detectors for the study of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering and for the search for light dark matter necessitates methods of low-energy calibration. We suggest this can be provided by the nuclear recoils resulting from the $\gamma$ emission following thermal neutron capture. In particular, several MeV-scale single-$\gamma$ transitions induce well-defined nuclear recoil peaks in the 100 eV range. Using the FIFRELIN code, complete schemes of $\gamma$-cascades for various isotopes can be predicted with high accuracy to determine the continuous background of nuclear recoils below the calibration peaks. We present a comprehensive experimental concept for the calibration of CaWO$_4$ and Ge cryogenic detectors at a research reactor. For CaWO$_4$ the simulations show that two nuclear recoil peaks at 112.5 eV and 160.3 eV should be visible above background simply in the spectrum of the cryogenic detector. Then we discuss how the additional tagging for the associated $\gamma$ increases the sensitivity of the method and extends its application to a wider energy range and to Ge cryogenic detectors., Comment: 21 pages, 8 figures

Published
2020
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35. New results from the CUORE experiment

Author

Giachero, A., Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bari, G., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Biassoni, M., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Camilleri, J., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Canonica, L., Cao, X. G., Capelli, S., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Copello, S., Cosmelli, C., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Davis, C. J., Dell'Oro, S., Di Domizio, S., Dompè, V., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fu, S. H., Fujikawa, B. K., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Heeger, K. M., Huang, R. G., Huang, H. Z., Johnston, J., Keppel, G., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Ligi, C., Ma, L., Ma, Y. G., Marini, L., Maruyama, R. H., Mayer, D., Mei, Y., Moggi, N., Morganti, S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nikkel, J., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Rosenfeld, C., Rusconi, C., Sakai, M., Sangiorgio, S., Schmidt, B., Scielzo, N. D., Sharma, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Speller, D., Surukuch, P. T., Taffarello, L., Terranova, F., Tomei, C., Vetter, K., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wang, B. S., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) is the first cryogenic experiment searching for neutrinoless double-beta ($0\nu\beta\beta$) decay that has been able to reach the one-ton scale. The detector, located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy, consists of an array of 988 TeO$_2$ crystals arranged in a compact cylindrical structure of 19 towers. Following the completion of the detector construction in August 2016, CUORE began its first physics data run in 2017 at a base temperature of about 10 mK. Following multiple optimization campaigns in 2018, CUORE is currently in stable operating mode. In 2019, CUORE released its 2\textsuperscript{nd} result of the search for $0\nu\beta\beta$ with a TeO$_2$ exposure of 372.5 kg$\cdot$yr and a median exclusion sensitivity to a $^{130}$Te $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay half-life of $1.7\cdot 10^{25}$ yr. We find no evidence for $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay and set a 90\% C.I. (credibility interval) Bayesian lower limit of $3.2\cdot 10^{25}$ yr on the $^{130}$Te $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay half-life. In this work, we present the current status of CUORE's search for $0\nu\beta\beta$, as well as review the detector performance. Finally, we give an update of the CUORE background model and the measurement of the $^{130}$Te two neutrino double-beta ($2\nu\beta\beta$) decay half-life., Comment: Proceeding of 40th International Conference on High Energy physics (ICHEP2020), July 28 - August 6, 2020, Prague, Czech Republic (virtual meeting). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1905.07667

Published
2020

36. Search for Neutrino-less Double Beta Decay of $^{64}$Zn and $^{70}$Zn with CUPID-0

Author

Azzolini, O., Beeman, J. W., Bellini, F., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Capelli, S., Cardani, L., Celi, E., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Cremomesi, O., Cruciani, A., D'Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Di Domizio, S., Ferroni, F., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Keppel, G., Martinez, M., Nagorny, S., Nastasi, M., Nisi, S., Nones, C., Orlandi, D., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Rusconi, C., Shaeffner, K., Tomei, C., Vignati, M., and Zolotarova, A.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

CUPID-0 is the first pilot experiment of CUPID, a next-generation project searching for neutrino-less double beta decay. In its first scientific run, CUPID-0 operated 26 ZnSe cryogenic calorimeters coupled to light detectors in the underground Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. In this work, we analyzed a ZnSe exposure of 11.34 kg$\times$yr to search for the neutrino-less double beta decay of $^{70}$Zn and for the neutrino-less positron-emitting electron capture of $^{64}$Zn. We found no evidence for these decays and set 90$\%$ credible interval limits of ${\rm T}_{1/2}^{0\nu\beta\beta}(^{70}{\rm Zn}) > 1.6 \times 10^{21}$ yr and ${\rm T}_{1/2}^{0\nu EC \beta+}(^{64}{\rm Zn}) > 1.2 \times 10^{22}$ yr, surpassing by almost two orders of magnitude the previous experimental results

Published
2020
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37. Search for Double-Beta Decay of $\mathrm{^{130}Te}$ to the $0^+$ States of $\mathrm{^{130}Xe}$ with CUORE

Author

Collaboration, CUORE, Adams, DQ, Alduino, C, Alfonso, K, III, FT Avignone, Azzolini, O, Bari, G, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Branca, M Biassoni A, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Camilleri, J, Caminata, A, Campani, A, Canonica, L, Cao, XG, Capelli, S, Cappelli, L, Cardani, L, Casali, P Carniti N, Celi, E, Copello, D Chiesa M Clemenza S, Cosmelli, C, Cremonesi, O, Creswick, RJ, D'Addabbo, A, Dafinei, I, Davis, CJ, Domizio, S Dell'Oro S Di, Dompè, V, Fang, DQ, Fantini, G, Ferri, M Faverzani E, Ferroni, F, Fiorini, E, Franceschi, MA, Freedman, SJ, Fu, SH, Fujikawa, BK, Giachero, A, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Gutierrez, TD, Han, K, Heeger, KM, Huang, RG, Huang, HZ, Johnston, J, Keppel, G, Kolomensky, Yu G, Ligi, C, Ma, L, Ma, YG, Marini, L, Maruyama, RH, Mayer, D, Mei, Y, Moggi, N, Morganti, S, Napolitano, T, Nastasi, M, Nikkel, J, Nones, C, Norman, EB, Nucciotti, A, Nutini, I, O'Donnell, T, Ouellet, JL, Pagan, S, Pagliarone, CE, Pagnanini, L, Pallavicini, M, Pattavina, L, Pavan, M, Pessina, G, Pettinacci, V, Pira, C, Pirro, S, Pozzi, S, Previtali, E, Puiu, A, Rosenfeld, C, Rusconi, C, Sakai, M, Sangiorgio, S, Schmidt, B, Scielzo, ND, Sharma, V, Singh, V, Sisti, M, Speller, D, Surukuchi, PT, Taffarello, L, Terranova, F, Tomei, C, Vetter, KJ, and Vignati, M

Subjects
nucl-ex
Abstract

The CUORE experiment is a large bolometric array searching for the leptonnumber violating neutrino-less double beta decay ($0u\beta\beta$) in theisotope $\mathrm{^{130}Te}$. In this work we present the latest results on twosearches for the double beta decay (DBD) of $\mathrm{^{130}Te}$ to the first$0^{+}_2$ excited state of $\mathrm{^{130}Xe}$: the $0u\beta\beta$ decay andthe Standard Model-allowed two-neutrinos double beta decay ($2u\beta\beta$).Both searches are based on a 372.5 kg$\times$yr TeO$_2$ exposure. Thede-excitation gamma rays emitted by the excited Xe nucleus in the final stateyield a unique signature, which can be searched for with low background bystudying coincident events in two or more bolometers. The closely packedarrangement of the CUORE crystals constitutes a significant advantage in thisregard. The median limit setting sensitivities at 90\% Credible Interval (C.I.)of the given searches were estimated as $\mathrm{S^{0u}_{1/2} = 5.6 \times10^{24} \: \mathrm{yr}}$ for the ${0u\beta\beta}$ decay and$\mathrm{S^{2u}_{1/2} = 2.1 \times 10^{24} \: \mathrm{yr}}$ for the${2u\beta\beta}$ decay. No significant evidence for either of the decay modeswas observed and a Bayesian lower bound at $90\%$ C.I. on the decay half livesis obtained as: $\mathrm{(T_{1/2})^{0u}_{0^+_2} > 5.9 \times 10^{24} \:\mathrm{yr}}$ for the $0u\beta\beta$ mode and$\mathrm{(T_{1/2})^{2u}_{0^+_2} > 1.3 \times 10^{24} \: \mathrm{yr}}$ for the$2u\beta\beta$ mode. These represent the most stringent limits on the DBD of$^{130}$Te to excited states and improve by a factor $\sim5$ the previousresults on this process.

Published
2021

38. Improved Limit on Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay in $^{130}$Te with CUORE

Author

CUORE Collaboration, Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bari, G., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Biassoni, M., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Canonica, L., Cao, X. G., Capelli, S., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Chiesa, D., Chott, N., Clemenza, M., Copello, S., Cosmelli, C., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., D'Addabbo, A., D'Aguanno, D., Dafinei, I., Davis, C. J., Dell'Oro, S., Di Domizio, S., Dompè, V., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fujikawa, B. K., Giachero, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Heeger, K. M., Huang, R. G., Huang, H. Z., Johnston, J., Keppel, G., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Ligi, C., Ma, Y. G., Ma, L., Marini, L., Maruyama, R. H., Mei, Y., Moggi, N., Morganti, S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nikkel, J., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Novati, V., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Ouellet, J. L., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Rosenfeld, C., Rusconi, C., Sakai, M., Sangiorgio, S., Schmidt, B., Scielzo, N. D., Sharma, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Speller, D., Taffarello, L., Terranova, F., Tomei, C., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wang, B. S., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Zanotti, L., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We report new results from the search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in $^{130}$Te with the CUORE detector. This search benefits from a four-fold increase in exposure, lower trigger thresholds and analysis improvements relative to our previous results. We observe a background of $(1.38\pm0.07)\cdot10^{-2}$ counts$/($keV$\cdot$kg$\cdot$yr$)$ in the $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay region of interest and, with a total exposure of 372.5 kg$\cdot$yr, we attain a median exclusion sensitivity of $1.7\cdot10^{25}$ yr. We find no evidence for $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay and set a $90\%$ CI Bayesian lower limit of $3.2\cdot10^{25}$ yr on the $^{130}$Te half-life for this process. In the hypothesis that $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay is mediated by light Majorana neutrinos, this results in an upper limit on the effective Majorana mass of 75-350 meV, depending on the nuclear matrix elements used., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures

Published
2019
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39. First search for Lorentz violation in double beta decay with scintillating calorimeters

Author

Azzolini, O., Beeman, J. W., Bellini, F., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Capelli, S., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Cremonesi, O., Cruciani, A., Dafinei, I., Di Domizio, S., Ferroni, F., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Keppel, G., Martinez, M., Nagorny, S., Nastasi, M., Nisi, S., Nones, C., Nutini, I., Orlandi, D., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Rusconi, C., Schaffner, K., Tomei, C., Vignati, M., and Zolotarova, A.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We present the search for Lorentz violation in the double beta decay of ^{82}Se~with CUPID-0, using an exposure of 9.95 kg x y. We found no evidence for the searched signal and set a limit on the isotropic components of the Lorentz violating coefficient of $\mathring{a}_{\text{of}}^{(3)} < 4.1\cdot10^{-6}$ GeV (90\% Credible Interval). This results is obtained with a Bayesian analysis of the experimental data and fully includes the systematic uncertainties of the model. This is the first limit on $\mathring{a}_{\text{of}}^{(3)}$ obtained with a scintillating bolometer, showing the potentiality of this technique.

Published
2019
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40. Proceedings of The Magnificent CE$\nu$NS Workshop 2018

Author

Sierra, D. Aristizabal, Balantekin, A. B., Caratelli, D., Cogswell, B., Collar, J. I., Dahl, C. E., Dent, J., Dutta, B., Engel, J., Estrada, J., Formaggio, J., Gariazzo, S., Han, R., Hedges, S., Huber, P., Konovalov, A., Lang, R. F., Liao, S., Lindner, M., Machado, P., Mahapatra, R., Marfatia, D., Martinez-Soler, I., Miranda, O., Misiak, D., Naumov, D. V., Newby, J., Newstead, J., Papoulias, D., Patton, K., Pereverzev, S., Pospelov, M., Scholberg, K., Sinev, G., Strauss, R., Strigari, L., Tayloe, R., Tiffenberg, J., Vidal, M., Vignati, M., Wagner, V., Walker, J., Yu, T. -T., Zettlemoyer, J., and Rich, G. C.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The Magnificent CE$\nu$NS Workshop (2018) was held November 2 & 3 of 2018 on the University of Chicago campus and brought together theorists, phenomenologists, and experimentalists working in numerous areas but sharing a common interest in the process of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE$\nu$NS). This is a collection of abstract-like summaries of the talks given at the meeting, including links to the slides presented. This document and the slides from the meeting provide an overview of the field and a snapshot of the robust CE$\nu$NS-related efforts both planned and underway., Comment: The Magnificent CEvNS Workshop (2018), Nov 2-3, 2018; Chicago, IL, USA; 44 contributions

Published
2019
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41. Evidence of Single State Dominance in the Two-Neutrino Double-$\beta$ Decay of Se-82 with CUPID-0

Author

Azzolini, O., Beeman, J. W., Bellini, F., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Capelli, S., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Cremonesi, O., Cruciani, A., Dafinei, I., Di Domizio, S., Ferroni, F., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Keppel, G., Kotila, J., Martinez, M., Nagorny, S., Nastasi, M., Nisi, S., Nones, C., Orlandi, D., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Rusconi, C., Schäffner, K., Tomei, C., Vignati, M., and Zolotarova, A.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We report on the measurement of the two-neutrino double-$\beta$ decay of $^{82}$Se performed for the first time with cryogenic calorimeters, in the framework of the CUPID-0~experiment. With an exposure of 9.95 kg$\times$yr of Zn$^{82}$Se, we determine the two-neutrino double-$\beta$ decay half-life of $^{82}$Se with an unprecedented precision level, $T_{1/2}^{2\nu} = [8.60 \pm 0.03 \textrm{(stat.)}~^{+0.17}_{-0.10} \textrm{(syst.)}] \times 10^{19}~\textrm{yr}$. The very high signal-to-background ratio, along with the detailed reconstruction of the background sources allowed us to identify the single state dominance as the underlying mechanism of such process, demonstrating that the higher state dominance hypothesis is disfavored at the level of 5.5 $\sigma$.

Published
2019
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42. Phonon and light read out of a Li$_2$MoO$_4$ crystal with multiplexed kinetic inductance detectors

Author

Casali, N., Cardani, L., Colantoni, I., Cruciani, A., Di Domizio, S., Martinez, M., Pettinari, G., and Vignati, M.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Molybdenum based crystals such as Li$_2$MoO$_4$ and CaMoO$_4$ are emerging as leading candidates for next generation experiments searching for neutrino-less double beta decay with cryogenic calorimeters (CUPID, AMoRE). The exquisite energy resolution and high radio-purity of these crystals come at the cost of a potentially detrimental background source: the two neutrinos double beta decay of $^{100}$Mo. Indeed, the fast half-life of this decay mode, combined with the slow response of cryogenic calorimeters, would result in pile-up events in the energy region of interest for neutrino-less double beta decay, reducing the experimental sensitivity. This background can be suppressed using fast and high sensitivity cryogenic light detectors, provided that the scintillation time constant itself does not limit the time resolution. We developed a new detection technique exploiting the high sensitivity, the fast time response and the multiplexing capability of Kinetic Inductance Detectors. We applied the proposed technique to a $2\times2\times2$ cm$^3$ Li$_2$MoO$_4$ crystal, which was chosen as baseline option for CUPID. We measured simultaneously both the phonon and scintillation signals with KIDs. We derived the scintillation time constant of this compound at millikelvin temperatures obtaining $\tau_{scint} = 84.5\pm4.5\rm{(syst)}\pm1.0\rm{(stat)}$ $\mu$s, constant between 10 and 190 mK., Comment: 7 pages, 9 figures

Published
2019
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43. Final result of CUPID-0 phase-I in the search for the $^{82}$Se Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay

Author

Azzolini, O., Beeman, J. W., Bellini, F., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Capelli, S., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Cremonesi, O., Cruciani, A., Dafinei, I., Di Domizio, S., Ferroni, F., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Keppel, G., Martinez, M., Nagorny, S., Nastasi, M., Nisi, S., Nones, C., Orlandi, D., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Rusconi, C., Schäffner, K., Tomei, C., Vignati, M., and Zolotarova, A. S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Atomic Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

CUPID-0 is the first pilot experiment of CUPID, a next-generation project for the measurement of neutrinoless double beta decay (0$\nu$DBD) with scintillating bolometers. The detector, consisting of 24 enriched and 2 natural ZnSe crystals, has been taking data at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso from June 2017 to December 2018, collecting a $^{82}$Se exposure of 5.29 kg$\times$yr. In this paper we present the phase-I results in the search for 0$\nu$DBD. We demonstrate that the technology implemented by CUPID-0 allows us to reach the lowest background for calorimetric experiments: $(3.5^{+1.0}_{-0.9})\times10^{-3}$ counts/(keV kg yr). Monitoring 3.88$\times$10$^{25}$ $^{82}$Se nuclei$\times$yr we reach a 90% credible interval median sensitivity of $\rm{T}^{0\nu}_{1/2}>5.0\times10^{24} \rm{yr}$ and set the most stringent limit on the half-life of $^{82}$Se 0$\nu$DBD : $\rm{T}^{0\nu}_{1/2}>3.5\times10^{24} \rm{yr}$ (90% credible interval), corresponding to m$_{\beta\beta} <$ (311-638) meV depending on the nuclear matrix element calculations., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures

Published
2019
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44. Coherent elastic nuclear scattering of $^{51}$Cr neutrinos

Author

Bellenghi, C., Chiesa, D., Di Noto, L., Pallavicini, M., Previtali, E., and Vignati, M.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Searches for new physics in the coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering require a precise knowledge of the neutrino flux and energy spectrum. In this paper we investigate the feasibility and the performances of an experiment based on a $^{51}$Cr source, whose neutrino spectrum is known and whose activity can be heat-monitored at few permil level. With a 5 MCi source placed at ~ 25 cm from the detector, under an exposure of two $^{51}$Cr half-lives (55.4 days), we evaluate 3900 (900) counts on a 2000 cm$^3$ target of germanium (sapphire) featuring an energy threshold of 8 (20) eV. To further increase the exposure, multiple activations of the same source could be possible.

Published
2019
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45. Results of CUORE

Author

Dell'Oro, S., Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bari, G., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Biassoni, M., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Canonica, L., Cao, X. G., Capelli, S., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Chiesa, D., Chott, N., Clemenza, M., Copello, S., Cosmelli, C., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., Cushman, J. S., D'Addabbo, A., D'Aguanno, D., Dafinei, I., Davis, C. J., Di Domizio, S., Dompè, V., Drobizhev, A., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fujikawa, B. K., Giachero, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Heeger, K. M., Huang, R. G., Huang, H. Z., Johnston, J., Keppel, G., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Leder, A., Ligi, C., Ma, Y. G., Ma, L., Marini, L., Maruyama, R. H., Mei, Y., Moggi, N., Morganti, S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Novati, V., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Ouellet, J. L., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Rosenfeld, C., Rusconi, C., Sakai, M., Sangiorgio, S., Schmidt, B., Scielzo, N. D., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Speller, D., Taffarello, L., Terranova, F., Tomei, C., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wang, B. S., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Wise, T., Zanotti, L., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy, is the world's largest bolometric experiment. The detector consists of an array of 988 TeO2 crystals, for a total mass of 742 kg. CUORE is presently in data taking, searching for the neutrinoless double beta decay of 130 Te. CUORE is operational since the spring of 2017. The initial science run already allowed to provide the most stringent limit on the neutrinoless double beta decay half-life of 130Te, and to perform the most precise measurement of the two-neutrino double beta decay half-life. Up to date, we have more than doubled the collected exposure. In this talk, we presenteded the most recent results and discuss the present status of the CUORE experiment., Comment: contribution to the 2019 EW/QCD/Gravitation session of the 54th Rencontres de Moriond

Published
2019

46. Background Model of the CUPID-0 Experiment

Author

Azzolini, O., Beeman, J. W., Bellini, F., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Capelli, S., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Cremonesi, O., Cruciani, A., Dafinei, I., Di Domizio, S., Ferroni, F., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Keppel, G., Martinez, M., Nagorny, S., Nastasi, M., Nisi, S., Nones, C., Orlandi, D., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Rusconi, C., Schäffner, K., Tomei, C., Vignati, M., and Zolotarova, A.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

CUPID-0 is the first large mass array of enriched Zn$^{82}$Se scintillating low temperature calorimeters, operated at LNGS since 2017. During its first scientific runs, CUPID-0 collected an exposure of 9.95 kg yr. Thanks to the excellent rejection of $\alpha$ particles, we attained the lowest background ever measured with thermal detectors in the energy region where we search for the signature of $^{82}$Se neutrinoless double beta decay. In this work we develop a model to reconstruct the CUPID-0 background over the whole energy range of experimental data. We identify the background sources exploiting their distinctive signatures and we assess their extremely low contribution (down to $\sim10^{-4}$ counts/(keV kg yr)) in the region of interest for $^{82}$Se neutrinoless double beta decay search. This result represents a crucial step towards the comprehension of the background in experiments based on scintillating calorimeters and in next generation projects such as CUPID., Comment: This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Eur. Phys. J. C. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7078-8

Published
2019
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47. Resolution enhancement with light/heat decorrelation in CUPID-0 bolometric detector

Author

Beretta, M., Cardani, L., Casali, N., Gironi, L., Pagnanini, L., Bellini, F., Brofferio, C., Chiesa, D., Capelli, S., Di Domizio, S., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Rusconi, C., Tomei, C., and Vignati, M.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The CUPID-0 experiment searches for neutrinoless double beta decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$) using the first array of enriched Zn$^{82}$Se scintillating bolometers with double (heat and light) read-out. To further enhance the CUPID-0 detector performances, the heat-light correlation has been exploited to improve the energy resolution. Different decorrelation algorithms have been studied and the best result is the average reduction of the full width at half maximum (FWHM) energy resolution to $(90.5\pm0.6)~\%$ of its original value , corresponding to a change from $\text{FWHM}=(20.7\pm0.5)~\text{keV}$ to $\text{FWHM}=(18.7\pm0.5)~\text{keV}$ at the 2615 keV $\gamma$ line.

Published
2019
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48. The CUORE Detector and Results

Author

Nutini, I, Adams, DQ, Alduino, C, Alfonso, K, Avignone, FT, Azzolini, O, Bari, G, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Biassoni, M, Branca, A, Brofferio, C, Bucci, C, Caminata, A, Campani, A, Canonica, L, Cao, XG, Capelli, S, Cappelli, L, Cardani, L, Carniti, P, Casali, N, Chiesa, D, Chott, N, Clemenza, M, Copello, S, Cosmelli, C, Cremonesi, O, Creswick, RJ, D’Addabbo, A, D’Aguanno, D, Dafinei, I, Davis, CJ, Dell’Oro, S, Domizio, SD, Dompè, V, Fang, DQ, Fantini, G, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Ferroni, F, Fiorini, E, Franceschi, MA, Freedman, SJ, Fujikawa, BK, Giachero, A, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Gutierrez, TD, Han, K, Heeger, KM, Huang, RG, Huang, HZ, Johnston, J, Keppel, G, Kolomensky, YG, Ligi, C, Ma, YG, Ma, L, Marini, L, Maruyama, RH, Mei, Y, Moggi, N, Morganti, S, Napolitano, T, Nastasi, M, Nikkel, J, Nones, C, Norman, EB, Novati, V, Nucciotti, A, O’Donnell, T, Ouellet, JL, Pagliarone, CE, Pagnanini, L, Pallavicini, M, Pattavina, L, Pavan, M, Pessina, G, Pettinacci, V, Pira, C, Pirro, S, Pozzi, S, Previtali, E, Puiu, A, Rosenfeld, C, Rusconi, C, Sakai, M, Sangiorgio, S, Schmidt, B, Scielzo, ND, Singh, V, Sisti, M, Speller, D, Taffarello, L, Terranova, F, Tomei, C, and Vignati, M

Subjects
Neutrinos, nu beta beta, Macro-calorimeters, Cryogenics, CUORE, Mathematical Physics, Classical Physics, Condensed Matter Physics, General Physics
Abstract

The cryogenic underground observatory for rare events (CUORE) is a cryogenic experiment searching for neutrinoless double beta decay (0 νββ) of 130Te. The detector consists of an array of 988TeO2 crystals arranged in a compact cylindrical structure of 19 towers. We report the CUORE initial operations and optimization campaigns. We then present the CUORE results on 0 νββ and 2 νββ decay of 130Te obtained from the analysis of the physics data acquired in 2017.

Published
2020

49. Latest Results from the CUORE Experiment

Author

Nutini, I., Adams, D. Q., Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Avignone, III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bari, G., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Beretta, M., Biassoni, M., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bucci, C., Camilleri, J., Caminata, A., Campani, A., Canonica, L., Cao, X. G., Capelli, S., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Casali, N., Celi, E., Chiesa, D., Clemenza, M., Copello, S., Cremonesi, O., Creswick, R. J., D’Addabbo, A., Dafinei, I., Dell’Oro, S., Domizio, S. Di, Dompè, V., Fang, D. Q., Fantini, G., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fu, S. H., Fujikawa, B. K., Ghislandi, S., Giachero, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Gutierrez, T. D., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Huang, R. G., Huang, H. Z., Johnston, J., Keppel, G., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Kowalski, R., Ligi, C., Liu, R., Ma, L., Ma, Y. G., Marini, L., Maruyama, R. H., Mayer, D., Mei, Y., Moggi, N., Morganti, S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nikkel, J., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Nucciotti, A., O’Donnell, T., Ouellet, J. L., Pagan, S., Pagliarone, C. E., Pagnanini, L., Pallavicini, M., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Puiu, A., Quitadamo, S., Rosenfeld, C., Rusconi, C., Sakai, M., Sangiorgio, S., Schmidt, B., Scielzo, N. D., Sharma, V., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Speller, D., Surukuchi, P. T., Taffarello, L., Terranova, F., Tomei, C., Vetter, K. J., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wang, B. S., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.

Published
2022
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50. Nucleus: Searching for Coherent Neutrino Nucleus Scattering at Lowest Energies

Author

Kluck, H., Angloher, G., Bento, A., Canonica, L., Cappella, F., Cardani, L., Casali, N., Cerulli, R., Colantoni, I., Cruciani, A., del Castello, G., Erhart, A., Friedl, M., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Goupy, C., Guidi, V., Hauff, D., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Klinkenberg, L., Langenkämper, A., Lasserre, T., Lhuillier, D., Mancuso, M., Mauri, B., Mazzolari, A., Mazzucato, E., Neyrial, H., Nones, C., Oberauer, L., Onillon, A., Ortmann, T., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rogly, R., Rothe, J., Savu, V., Schermer, N., Schieck, J., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Scola, L., Stodolsky, L., Strauss, R., Tomei, C., von Mirbach, K., Vignati, M., Vivier, M., Wagner, V., and Wex, A.

Published
2022
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