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Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious public health concern worldwide and defined as behavior performed by spouses or other intimate partners that causes physical, sexual, or psychological harm. Internet-delivered cognitive-behavioral therapy (ICBT) may be particularly useful for survivors of IPV for several reasons, including barriers pertaining to limited community recourses and treatment availability, safety concerns, and issues of stigma, guilt and shame, which may prevent members of this population from seeking help via face-to-face interactions. However, Internet interventions are lacking. The primary aim of the present randomized controlled pilot trial was to explore the feasibility of ICBT as guided self-help individually tailored to the predominant symptomatology of PTSD or depression in survivors of IPV. A second aim was to conduct a preliminary evaluation exploring the short- and long-term effects of the treatment in comparison to a waitlist control condition. Results showed that the treatment was feasible. Attrition rate was low (9.4%), and participants were satisfied with treatment. However, treatment adherence was moderate in terms of completed modules (62.5%). Results of the preliminary evaluation of treatment effects showed large and statistically significant between-group effect sizes (Cohen's d = 0.86-1.08) on some measures of PTSD and depression at post assessment, favoring the treatment condition. However, there were no effects on other measures. At follow-up assessment, when the control condition had received delayed treatment, there were large and statistically significant within-group effect sizes (d = 0.96-1.48) on measures of PTSD, depression and anxiety, and small effects (d = 0.48) on a measure of quality of life. The results of the present pilot study are promising and warrant further research on ICBT for this population.

Aims: Glomerular filtration rate is an important factor in management of heart failure (HF). Our objective was to validate eight creatinine-based equations for estimating glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in an HF population against measured glomerular filtration rate. Methods and results: One hundred forty-six HF patients (mean age 68 +/- 13 years, mean left ventricular ejection fraction 45% +/- 15) within a single-centre hospital that underwent Cr-51-EDTA clearance between 2010 and 2018 were included in this retrospective study. eGFR was estimated by means of Cockcroft-Gault ideal and actual weight, the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study (MDRD), simplified MDRD with isotope dilution mass spectroscopy traceable calibration, the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration, revised Lund-Malmo, full age spectrum, and the Berlin Initiative Study 1. Mean measured glomerular filtration rate was 42 mL/min/1.73 m(2). Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) had the highest precision for MDRD (r = 0.9), followed by revised Lund-Malmo (r = 0.88). All equations except MDRD (mean difference -4.8%) resulted in an overestimation of the renal function. The accuracy was below 75% for all equations except MDRD. Conclusions: None of the exclusively creatinine-based methods was accurate in predicting eGFR in HF patients. Our findings suggest that more accurate methods are needed for determining eGFR in patients with HF.

In this chapter we investigate when in the child’s life the transition from parental care to care in preschool takes place in Sweden, which is characterized by publicly subsidized and universal childcare. Using register data covering the whole population, we found an increase in the age of preschool start during the 1990s followed by a trend towards earlier start in the 2000s. Children from higher income families start later than lower income families, as these parents can use the flexibility in the inter-related parental leave system to a higher extent. Minor differences are found with regard to parents’ education. Fathers’ increasing uptake of parental leave during the period explains part of the differences in education and income, as fathers with higher education and income use longer parental leave. The findings also indicate, in the later years, a trend towards a more homogeneous pattern in preschool start with regard to parents’ income, likely to be due to preschool reforms aimed at greater accessibility and pedagogical improvement.

SPaDE Linnaeus Center

SPaDE Linnaeus Center

Bidraget ingår i en Book of Abstracts, SPaDE Linnaeus Center

Bidraget ingår i en Book of Abstracts, SPaDE Linnaeus Center