Search

A tanulmány családtudományi elméleti keretben vizsgálja a családi vállalkozások utódlása során működő kapcsolati szabályozási folyamatok, ezen belül a közelség, a differenciáció, a kölcsönösség, az érzelmek és az időperspektívák szabályozásának jelentőségét az utódlási kimenet szempontjából. A szerzők a szakirodalomból levezethető összefüggéseket egy kvalitatív kutatás eredményeinek bemutatásával támasztják alá, mely 12 magyar családi közepesen kis- és középvállalkozás 27 tagjának bevonásával készült. Az eredmények arra utalnak, hogy a kapcsolati szabályozási folyamatok egymással összefüggésben, rendszerszinten működnek és hatással vannak az előd és a lehetséges utód(ok) közötti dinamikus, nem-lineáris egyezkedési folyamatokra és ezen keresztül az utódlás kimenetére. A kutatás tanulságait javaslatok formájában is megfogalmazzák a tanulmányban.

Goal pursuit shapes people’ everyday experiences and is deeply embedded within close relationships. Several studies have shown that goal support from romantic partners facilitates goal progress, and individual goal progress contributes to wellbeing. However, few pieces of research have examined the whole process, how efficient goal coordination in a romantic relationship contributes to life satisfaction through goal progress. In these studies, short time frames were used and only one aspect of goal coordination was examined. To generate more complex, long-term understanding we collected data from 148 married or cohabitating Hungarian heterosexual couples (mean age 39.71 ± 10.40 and 38.57 ± 10.00 years for men and women, respectively) in a two-wave longitudinal study with a year-long time window. Both partners individually completed an adapted version of the Personal Project Assessment and evaluated four chosen projects associated with project coordination (emotional support, communication, and cooperation) at baseline, and project attainment (progress, success, satisfaction) in the follow up. Life satisfaction was assessed during both waves. Results from the actor–partner interdependence mediation modeling revealed complete mediation, where project coordination increased project attainment one year later, and consequently associated with higher life satisfaction for both partners. The direct effect between project coordination and life satisfaction remained nonsignificant. This association indicates that for long-term life satisfaction, it is crucial to experience better goal outcomes as the result of the couple’s collaborative effort.

Background For breast cancer patients, the partner’s support for personal projects can serve as a means of adaptation. We aimed to investigate the associations between the intimate partner’s personal project support and women’s well-being. Methods A sample of 274 Hungarian women (breast cancer patients n = 137, control = 137) took part in the study. Expected and actually received autonomy-, and directive- and emotional project support was assessed by the procedure of Personal Project Assessment. Well-being was measured by the Relationship Assessment Scale and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. For investigating the associations between project support and well-being in a multivariate way, structural equation modelling was used. Results Except for autonomy support, participants expected more support than they received. A path model indicated multiple associations between types of project support and relationship satisfaction and self-esteem. The partner’s emotional project support was predictive of women’s relationship satisfaction and self-esteem, while directive support was predictive of self-esteem. The associations showed similar patterns in the subgroups of patients with breast cancer and control. Conclusions Our results highlight the importance of involving women’s subjective perspectives regarding the partner’s project support and have important practical implications for rehabilitation interventions.

Background: The importance of community health psychology in providing complex bio-psycho-social care is well-documented. We present a mixed-method study monitoring the efficacy of health psychology services in the Public Health Focused Model Program for Primary Care Development (2012-2017) in four disadvantaged micro-regions in North-East Hungary. Methods: Study 1 assessed the availability of the services using a sample of 17003 respondents. Study 2 applied a follow-up design to measure the efficacy of the health psychology services in a sample of 132 clients. In Study 3, we conducted focus group interviews to assess clients’ lived experiences. Results: More mental health issues and higher education predicted a higher probability of service use. Follow-up showed that individual and group-based psychological interventions resulted in lower depression and (marginally) higher well-being. Thematic analysis of the focus group interviews indicated that participants deemed topics like psychoeducation, a greater acceptance of psychological support, and heightened awareness of individual and community support important. Conclusions: The results of the monitoring studies demonstrate the important role health psychology services can play in primary health care in disadvantaged regions. Community health psychology can improve well-being, reduce inequality, support the population’s health awareness, and address unmet social needs in disadvantaged regions in Hungary.

Background: The importance of community health psychology in providing complex bio-psycho-social care is well documented. We present a mixed-method outcome-monitoring study of health psychology services in the public-health-focused Primary Health Care Development Model Program (2012–2017) in four disadvantaged micro-regions in northeast Hungary. Methods: Study 1 assessed the availability of the services using a sample of 17,003 respondents. Study 2 applied a follow-up design to measure the mental health outcomes of the health psychology services on a sample of 132 clients. In Study 3, we conducted focus-group interviews to assess clients’ lived experiences. Results: More mental health issues and higher education predicted a higher probability of service use. Follow-up showed that individual and group-based psychological interventions resulted in less depression and (marginally) higher well-being. Thematic analysis of the focus-group interviews indicated that participants deemed topics such as psychoeducation, greater acceptance of psychological support, and heightened awareness of individual and community support important. Conclusions: The results of the monitoring study demonstrate the important role health psychology services can play in primary healthcare in disadvantaged regions in Hungary. Community health psychology can improve well-being, reduce inequality, raise the population’s health awareness, and address unmet social needs in disadvantaged regions.

Couples' experiences of daily stress can be detrimental for partners' individual and relational well-being, specifically their identity as a couple, their relational satisfaction, and their life satisfaction. Grounded in the Systemic Transactional Model, this study aimed at analyzing factors that may safeguard partners and their relationship from detrimental effects of internal stress (i.e., stress that originates inside the relationship). We examined the buffering effect of partners' positive dyadic coping and internal problem resolution. Daily diary data were collected across 7 days from 82 heterosexual couples. Multilevel dyadic analyses showed that internal stress was negatively associated with partners' individual and relational well-being. Positive dyadic coping moderated the association between partners' internal stress and couple satisfaction for both partners, but not life satisfaction and couple identity. Moreover, for partners who reported a resolution to the internal problem, the negative associations of internal stress with life satisfaction, couple satisfaction, and couple identity were significantly lower than for those who did not resolve the internal problem. This study confirms the negative role of internal stress on well-being, shows the associations between internal stress and couple identity, and highlights the protective role of dyadic coping and internal problem resolution in couples' daily lives.

Háttér és célkitűzésekAz egyre növekvő kulturális diverzitás következtében az utóbbi évek nemzetközi és hazai tudományos irodalma egyre több figyelmet fordít az interkulturális kompetencia mérési és fejlesztési feladataira a gyógyításban. Jelen vizsgálatban célunk az Interkulturális Érzékenység Skála magyar változatának pszichometriai vizsgálata orvostan- és pszichológushallgatók körében, feltárva emellett az empátiával való konvergens validitását és a skálán különböző demográfiai változók mentén megjelenő különbségeket és együtt járásokat.MódszerA kvantitatív, keresztmetszeti vizsgálatban 396 magyar, gyógyító szakmára készülő hallgató demográfiai és Interkulturális Érzékenység Skála, valamint Interperszonális Reaktivitás Index adatait elemeztük. Az eredeti 5 faktoros kérdőívstruktúra érvényességi és megbízhatósági vizsgálatai mellett korreláció, független mintás t-próba, egyutas ANOVA teszteket és lineáris regressziót alkalmaztunk.EredményekAz eredeti skála nem mutatott megfelelő és érvényes illeszkedést magyar mintán, helyette egy alternatív, rövidített, 3 faktoros struktúra bizonyult a legjobban illeszkedőnek, elfogadható vagy jó belső megbízhatósági mutatókkal. Eredményeink szerint a nyelvismeret és az empátia két dimenziója jelentős bejóslója az interkulturális érzékenységnek: a perspektívafelvétel pozitívan, a személyes distressz pedig fordított irányban jelezte azt előre.KövetkeztetésekEgy olyan magyar nyelvre adaptált mérőeszközt alakítottunk ki, mely megbízhatóan méri a magyar gyógyító szakmára készülők interkulturális érzékenységét. E készség fejlesztése napjainkban az egészségügyi képzések fontos feladata. A hallgatók nyelvtanulásának, kultúrközi tapasztalatszerzésének és empátiafejlesztésének támogatása mellett az interdiszciplináris és interkulturális felépítésű gyógyítói tanuló- vagy kutatócsoportok igen hasznos együttműködésének irányába mutatnak a jelen kutatás eredményei.

Háttér és célkitűzések Egészséggel kapcsolatos céljaink szoros összefüggést mutatnak egészség-magatartásunkkal, így ennek vizsgálata fiatal felnőtteknél kiemelten fontos, mivel a fiatal ekkor alakítja ki saját életstílusát. A megközelítő célok egy kívánt állapot elérésére, az elkerülő célok valamilyen kellemetlen állapottól való megszabadulásra vonatkoznak. Kutatásunk két fő irányát egyrészt a megközelítő egészségcélok személyes kontextusa, másrészt a céllal kapcsolatos kedvező tapasztalatot övező kontextuális tényezők azonosítása határozta meg. Módszer Keresztmetszeti és kérdőíves vizsgálatunk mintáját 191 fiatal felnőtt alkotta. A célok mérésére a Személyes tervek (Little, 1993; Sheldon és Elliot, 1998; Martos, 2009b) kérdőívet alkalmaztuk. Ennek során a résztvevők maguk sorolták fel három egészséggel kapcsolatos személyes céljukat, majd ezek közül kellett egyet kiválasztaniuk és előre megadott szempontok (pozitív és negatív érzelmek, énkonkordancia, énhatékonyság) szerint értékelniük. Ezt követően történt a célok megközelítő/elkerülő kategóriákba sorolása. A megközelítő célorientáció előrejelzőinek vizsgálatára bináris regresszióelemzést, a célértékeléseket előrejelző kontextuális tényezők meghatározásához pedig három hierarchikus regressziós modellt építettünk fel. Eredmények: A cél személyes kontextusát képező tényezők közül a BMI kategória (túlsúlyos és elhízott) és a dohányzás (ritkán dohányzó és dohányzó) jelzik előre fordítottan a megközelítő egészségcél választásának nagyobb valószínűségét. A céllal együtt járó kedvező tapasztalatokkal (pozitív érzelmek magasabb és negatív érzelmek alacsonyabb gyakorisága, cél magasabb énkonkordanciája, énhatékonyság) a cél megközelítő jellege következetesen együtt jár az egyéb tényezők hatásának kontrollálása mellett is. Következtetések Az eredmények afelé mutatnak, hogy a megközelítő orientáció alacsonyabb testtömegindexszel és kevesebb dohányzással jár együtt. Mindezek mellett a célokkal kapcsolatos szubjektív tapasztalatok egyedi összefüggéseket mutatnak a kontextuális tényezőkkel. Eredményeink különféle egészséggel kapcsolatos, fiatal felnőttek számára kialakított intervencióknak is alapjául szolgálhatnak. Background and aims As our health goals show significant correspondence to our health behaviour investigation into these goals in emerging adulthood has unique importance as young adults establish their own lifestyle at that age. Approach goals refer to accomplishing a desired state, while avoidance goals refer to disposing an unpleasant state. Our research was built upon two main research questions: exploring the personal context of approach health goals and identifying possible contextual factors predicting advantageous experiences concerning the goal. Methods The sample of our questionnaire study consisted of 191 emerging adults. For capturing the goals the Personal Projects Questionnaire (Little, 1993, Sheldon & Elliot, 1998, Martos, 2009b) was used. In the course of assessment, participants formulated their three goals concerning their health, then they had to choose one of these and rate it along some predefined aspects (positive and negative emotions, self-concordance and self-efficacy). Sequentially these goals were categorised into approach/avoidance categories. For predicting approach goal orientation binary logistic regression analysis was used and then three hierarchical regression analyses were built for identifying contextual factors which can be possible predictors of goal evaluations. Results Among factors framing the personal context of the goal BMI category (overweight and obese) and smoking (rarely and regular) predicted the odds of chosing an approach goal. Favourable experiences (higher levels of positive and lower levels of negative emotions, higher self-concordance, self-efficacy) accompanying these goals are associated with the approach nature of the goal consistently besides controlling for other factors. Conclusions Results indicate that approach orientation is accompanied by lower BMI index and less frequent smoking. Besides these subjective experiences concerning the goals show unique associations with contextual factors. Our findings can serve as starting-points of health-promoting interventions for young adults.

The prevention of social anxiety alone and in the prevention of comorbid diseases is key. In the present research, we examine subclinical-level social anxiety from a previously understudied perspective, in its asso ciation with environmental self-regulatory strategies. We use the theory of favorite places to describe environmental self-regulatory processes. The aim of the research is to determine how subclinical level social anxiety is related to the environmental self-regulatory processes taking place in favorite places.In the study, we conducted an online questionnaire survey of 483 adults who were clinically healthy - 329 women (68.11%) and 154 men (31.88%). Respondents' social anxiety was assessed with the Fear of Negative Evaluation Questionnaire (BFNE-S), while environmental self-regulatory strategies were assessed with the Favorite Places Questionnaire.The extent of social anxiety was correlated with visiting favorite places in positive and negative emotional states, as well as the level of recovering and distressing experiences in the favorite place. Within the subsample characterized by elevated social anxiety, the pattern that visiting a favorite place helps a person regain his or her emotional balance primarily through the regulation of negative experiences was more characteristic. However, we found no correlation between the type of favorite place (e.g., place of residence, natural place) and the person's level of social anxiety.The research highlights that individuals with subclinical-level social anxiety are particularly active in using environmental self-regulatory processes to achieve their emotional balance. In prevention and clinical practice, it is worthwhile to monitor environmental self-regulatory processes and support for related needs, with particular emphasis on place use patterns.

Personal projects represent a person’s pursuits in different life domains. The present study examines the orientations of adults’ personal projects and how these orientations are embedded in the dynamics of romantic relationships. Cross-sectional data from 249 married or cohabitating Hungarian heterosexual couples were collected (mean age 42 ± 10.76 and 39.64 ± 10.21 years for male and female partners, respectively). An adapted version of the Personal Project Assessment procedure was completed by both partners individually. Four of their chosen projects were evaluated based on perceived cooperation and conflict regarding these projects and other predefined aspects. First, after applying a person-oriented approach, four meaningful content domains emerged from the thematically coded data using cluster analysis: (1) Practical, (2) Work-Life Balance, (3) Relationships, and (4) Learning and Growth orientations. For both genders, people with Learning and Growth orientation were younger than those with Practical orientation, and among women, the Work-Life Balance orientation group was older. Second, we linked the content domains to relationship experiences on the dyadic level. Both partners with Learning and Growth orientation goals perceived less cooperation. Female partners whose spouses had Work-Life Balance or Learning and Growth orientation goals perceived less conflict regarding their own goals. Overall, Learning and Growth-oriented goals can be considered more distant from the dynamics of romantic relationships because they involve fewer joint experiences and less cooperation and conflict.

Article first published online: August 26, 2021 Following the global outbreak of COVID-19 in March 2020, individuals report psychological distress associated with the “new normal”—social distancing, financial hardships, and increased responsibilities while working from home. Given the interpersonal nature of stress and coping responses between romantic partners, based on the systemic transactional model this study posits that perceived partner dyadic coping may be an important moderator between experiences of COVID-19 psychological distress and relationship quality. To examine these associations, self-report data from 14,020 people across 27 countries were collected during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic (March–July, 2020). It was hypothesized that higher symptoms of psychological distress would be reported post-COVID-19 compared to pre-COVID-19 restrictions (Hypothesis 1), reports of post-COVID-19 psychological distress would be negatively associated with relationship quality (Hypothesis 2), and perceived partner DC would moderate these associations (Hypothesis 3). While hypotheses were generally supported, results also showed interesting between-country variability. Limitations and future directions are presented.

Absztrakt: Bevezetés: Számos tanulmány vizsgálta az emlőrákkal diagnosztizált nők kötődési stílusát, és az eddigi eredmények rámutatnak arra, hogy a betegek életminőségének és a gyógyulás optimális feltételeinek biztosítása érdekében fontos figyelembe venni a kötődési mintázat és a kapcsolati jellemzők közötti összefüggéseket is. Célkitűzés és módszer: A jelen tanulmányban emlőrákkal diagnosztizált nők kötődési stílusát (n = 135) kívánjuk felmérni, és összehasonlítani emlőrákkal nem diagnosztizált nők csoportjával (n = 137) a felnőttkori kötődés, szorongás és elkerülés dimenziói mentén. Vizsgáljuk továbbá a felnőttkori kötődés jellemzőinek összefüggéseit a szubjektív egészségi állapottal, valamint a párkapcsolattal és a szexuális kapcsolattal való elégedettség között. Eredmények: A diagnosztizált csoportra a kötődési mintázat szempontjából magasabb elkerülés, továbbá rosszabb szubjektív egészségi állapot, alacsonyabb kapcsolati és szexuális elégedettség volt jellemző. A magasabb elkerülés és a magasabb szorongás is alacsonyabb kapcsolati elégedettséget jelzett előre, míg a szexuális elégedettség az emlőrák diagnózisával mutatott negatív, a szubjektív egészségi állapottal pedig pozitív összefüggést. Következtetés: Eredményeink arra utalnak, hogy az emlőrákkal diagnosztizált nők kötődési mintázata, emellett pedig szubjektív egészségi állapota is szerepet játszhat párkapcsolati és szexuális elégedettségükben. A páciensek testi, lelki és kapcsolati jellemzőinek figyelemmel kísérése és támogatása hozzájárulhat a jobb életminőség eléréséhez. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(13): 510–518.

Absztrakt: Bevezetés: A cardiovascularis megbetegedések vezető haláloki tényezőként évente 4 millió halált okoznak Európában. Az életmód mellett 25–40%-ra becsülik a pszichoszociális tényezők szerepét a betegség létrejöttében. A felnőttkori szociális izoláció a krónikus stressz forrása, és másfélszeres rizikót jelent a betegség kialakulására. A társas támogatás alacsony szintje és a társas izoláció növeli a depresszió, a magas vérnyomás és az elhízás valószínűségét, ezáltal növelve a szív- és érrendszeri megbetegedések előfordulását is. Célkitűzés: A jelen kutatásban arra voltunk kíváncsiak, hogy hogyan függ össze a vizsgálati személyek egészségmagatartása társas kapcsolataikkal. Továbbá a már korábban validált Multidimenzionális Társas Támogatás Skálát adaptáltuk az egészség területére. Módszer: Az online kérdőíves adatfelvétel 2018 őszén történt (n = 507). Felvételre került a Társas Támogatás Skála egészségre adaptált változata, a szubjektív egészségi állapot, a szubjektív anyagi helyzet, felvettük a Rövidített Beck Depresszió Kérdőívet, valamint a WHO Rövidített Jóllét Kérdőívet és az Észlelt Stressz Kérdőívet. Eredmények: A megerősítő faktorelemzés összességében igazolta az eredeti háromfaktoros struktúra meglétét (Cronbach-alfák = 0,945, 0,950 és 0,905). A regressziós modellek szerint az egészséggel kapcsolatban a barátoktól kapott társas támogatás tendenciaszerű pozitív összefüggést mutat az intenzív testmozgással (B = 0,205, béta = 0,096, p = 0,093). Logisztikus regressziós modellben vizsgálva, az egészséggel kapcsolatban kapott társas támogatás nem áll összefüggésben a dohányzással. Csupán az iskolai végzettség mutatkozott szignifikáns tényezőnek (B = –1,284, OR = 0,277, p = 0,000). Következtetés: A Társas Támogatás Skála egészséges életmódra adaptált változatának pszichometriai mutatói mintánkon megfelelőnek bizonyultak. A társas támogatás összefüggést mutatott a mentális egészség mutatóival (depresszió, stressz-szint, jóllét), valamint tendenciaszerű összefüggést a testmozgással. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(4): 129–138.

Previous research has shown unique benefits associated with both providing and receiving autonomy-support among same-sex friends (Deci et al. 2006). The present research examined the provision and receipt of two types of goal support from the viewpoints of the two partners in heterosexual couples (n = 247 Hungarian couples). The level of autonomy and directive support that each partner delivered and received in relation to vicarious goals (i.e., goals that partners have for one another) was assessed. Autonomy support from the partner was found to be consistently and positively associated with relationship satisfaction, and this pattern of results was found whether we considered perceived autonomy support from the partner or actual partner report of support given. In addition, providing autonomy support to one’s partner was found to positively relate to relationship satisfaction over and above the effects of receiving support. Overall, directive support was found to be either unrelated or negatively related to relationship satisfaction, suggesting that it can actually backfire and impair satisfaction. Overall, results underscore the relational benefits of supporting vicarious goals in an autonomous rather than directive manner. These findings have implications regarding the pursuit of goals in the context of romantic relationships.

ObjectivesReliable and valid assessment of subjective risk perception is a crucial part of cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention and rehabilitation. Since the recently developed Attitudes and Beliefs about Cardiovascular Disease (ABCD) Risk Questionnaire complies with these requirements, the aim of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Hungarian version of the measure.Design and settingCommunity-based cross-sectional observational studyParticipantsIn sum, 410 (M=49.53 years, SD=8.09) Hungarian adults (inclusion criteria: aged 35 and above, not under treatment with a psychiatric disorder) were included in the present study (female: n=277, 67.6%; college or university-level education: n=247, 60.2%).MethodsWe translated the ABCD Risk Questionnaire into Hungarian and checked its psychometric properties and validity indices.Primary outcome measuresInternal consistency, explorative and confirmative factorial validity. Associations with sociodemographic and health-related characteristics, as well as with measures of mental health (depressive symptoms, perceived stress and well-being).ResultsExploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a three-factor solution, corresponding to the original subscales of Risk Perception, Perceived Benefits and Healthy Eating Intentions, with a moderate correlation between the latent constructs. The respondents’ level of knowledge on CVD risk factors was largely independent of their subjective risk perception. The results also provided evidence on the weak-to-medium associations between mental health indices and CVD-related perceptions. Based on the results, a shortened scale version was also suggested.ConclusionThis study confirms the factorial structure, internal consistency and validity of the Hungarian version of the ABCD Risk Questionnaire in a non-English-speaking community sample. The ABCD Risk Perception Questionnaire is a parsimonious and psychometrically adequate measure to assess CVD-related attitudes and knowledge in the general population. Further research is needed in socioeconomically more diverse and in clinical samples, as well as in longitudinal intervention studies.

In the present study we describe a context-sensitive, personal-projects-based approach to dyadic coping with stress which adapted the Dyadic Coping Inventory (DCI) for the assessment of dyadic coping strategies in stressful personal projects. In a cross-sectional study, 149 heterosexual Hungarian couples provided evaluations pertaining to their dyadic coping experiences in a stressful everyday project. Explorative factor analyses of personal project-related DCI items provided theoretically meaningful factor structures and the resulting subscales showed excellent reliability. The subscales’ predictive validity was tested in two dyadic analyses using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) whereby positive and negative dyadic coping experiences served as predictors of satisfaction with the dyadic coping process in particular, and with the relationship in general as outcomes. Our results showed that satisfaction with dyadic coping in personal projects is predicted only by the dyadic coping experiences of the respondents (the actor effect), while actor and partner effects proved to be predictive of relationship satisfaction. Negative partner experiences related to dyadic coping predicted lower relationship satisfaction of the female partner, while for males the positive experiences of the partner were found to be more predictive. These results confirm that the contextualized assessment of dyadic coping experiences in specific stressful personal projects is a reliable and valid method. Further methodological and theoretical conclusions are discussed.

We examined hope and family support as predictors of suicide risk (viz., anxious symptoms, depressive symptoms, and suicide ideation) in a sample of 502 Hungarian college students. Results of hierarchical regression analyses indicated that the inclusion of family support provided further incremental validity in predicting all three indices of suicide risk beyond the variance accounted for by hope. Consistent with the notion that family support might moderate the beneficial effects of hope on suicide risk, evidence for a significant Hope × Family Support interaction effect in predicting all three indices of suicide risk was found. Additionally, a significant interaction effect in predicting suicide ideation remained, even after controlling for psychological symptoms. Beyond the role of hope in predicting suicide risk in Hungarian college students, the present findings show how family support both additively and interactively represents a positive psychological resource that should be considered in understanding suicide risk among students.

Background and purpose Psychosocial condition and life quality of epileptic patients are greatly determined by the existence of the disease-related comorbid disorders, like depression, anxiety, and the subjective disease perception, as well as the neuropsychological consequences of the seizures.It has been examined in patients living with epilepsy how subjective disease perception and coping strategies influence life quality, comorbid depression and the condition of anxiety. Methods Study patients were asked to fill in a self-completion questionnaire, which examined their psychosocial condition (HADS, Beck Depression Scale), life quality (Qolie-31), coping strategies (FKV-LIS), and subjective disease perception (IPQ-R), as well as sociodemographic and disease variables. The subjects of the study: the data of epileptic patients between the age of 18 to 70 was recorded. Patients were selected from the adult outpatients of a national centre, a regional hospital and two private health care centres located in Budapest. Results Based on the multiple regression analysis. Beck's depression (b coefficient=-0.351, t=-4.703, p

While scientific interest in the relationship between psychotherapeutic praxis and spirituality is growing, there is still little knowledge on this topic, especially in an East Central European context. To explore how psychotherapists understand spiritual issues and experiences they encounter in their work and to learn what happens to these issues in the course of psychotherapy, this study analyses semi-structured interviews with 30 Hungarian psychotherapists. Applying a grounded theory analytical strategy, three main topics were identified: the therapist's attitude towards spirituality leaves a discernible trace in the psychoterapeutic treatment; the therapist influences the way spiritual issues are treated; and the therapist may have a shared spiritual experience with the client. We present individual variations of these experiences as they appear in the code tree. Results are interpreted with reference to a systemic view of the psychotherapeutic process, the intersubjective space of patient and therapist, and the notion of the therapists’ mentalizational capacity.

The present study investigated loneliness and optimism as predictors of suicide risk, specifically, depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation, in 457 Hungarian college students. Beyond the expected role of loneliness in suicide risk, being optimistic buffered the positive association between loneliness and suicide. The findings implicate the importance of fostering optimism for potentially lowering suicide risk among lonely college students.

In this study, we examined loneliness and family support as predictors of suicide risk (viz., depressive symptoms and suicide ideation) in college students. The sample was comprised of 456 Hungarian college students. Results of conducting hierarchical regression analyses, controlling for sex and age, indicated that the inclusion of family support provided further incremental validity in predicting both depressive symptoms and suicide ideation, beyond the variance accounted for by loneliness. Moreover, consistent with the notion that family support might buffer the negative effects of loneliness on suicide risk, evidence for a significant Loneliness × Family Support interaction effect in predicting both indices of suicide risk was found. Thus, beyond the role of loneliness in predicting suicide risk in college students, the present findings are the first to show how family support both additively and interactively represents a positive psychological resource that should be considered in understanding suicide risk among students.

Absztrakt

Absztrakt

In this study, we examined loneliness and hope components as predictors of unhappy conditions (viz., anxious symptoms, depressive symptoms, & suicidal ideation) in young adults. The sample was comprised of 489 Hungarian college students. Results of conducting hierarchical regression analyses indicated that loneliness and hope pathways (but not hope agency) were important unique predictors of anxious symptoms, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation. Moreover, in part, consistent with the notion that hope might buffer the negative effects of loneliness on unhappy conditions, evidence for a significant Loneliness × Hope Pathways interaction effect in predicting each of the three indices of unhappy conditions was found. In contrast, the Loneliness × Hope Agency interaction effect was not found to be significant. Some implications of the present findings for the study and treatment of unhappy conditions in adults are discussed

Past decades’ rapid development of technological innovations can ease individual’s everyday lives, but they can also convey a sense of frustration. The aim of the present study was to investigate attitudes toward technologies that are expected to become widespread in the near future. The Technology Readiness Index was administered to a sample of Hungarian respondents to measure the capacity to adopt technologies. The results add significant novelties about the specific patterns related to perceptions of considerably different future technologies, emphasizing the unique role of optimism. Derivations are further specified by demographic characteristics, future directions and practical implications are also discussed.

We tested a model consistent with the notion that perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness mediate the association between future orientation and suicide risk (viz., depressive symptoms and suicide ideation) in college students. The sample was comprised of 195 Hungarian college students. Results indicated that the negative associations found between future orientation and suicide risk outcomes were accounted for by both perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. The present findings highlight the importance of studying positive future cognitions in suicide risk and provide support for perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness as potential proximal mechanisms associated with heighted suicide risk in adults.

The present research examined the validity of the Hungarian Frequency of Suicidal Ideation Inventory (FSII-H). In Study 1, among 457 Hungarian college students, confirmatory factor analysis supported a 1-factor model. In Study 2, among 241 Hungarian college students, the FSII-H correlated positively with measures of suicide risk factors, and negatively with suicide protective factors. The present findings are the first to provide promising evidence for the validity of a brief measure of suicide ideation frequency in a Hungarian population.

Environmental and emotional self-regulation skills play a critical role in promoting well-being of individuals and in encouraging healthy relationships. However, occurrence of chronic illness in one family member complicates routine dyadic coping processes for the couple. Additionally, according to environmental psychologists, self-regulation processes are influenced by individuals’ perceptions of their socio-physical environments, and during times of chronic illness, the family home is frequently the primary site of dyadic coping. To date, few researchers have investigated the complex relationship among dyadic coping, the family home, and self-regulation processes in the context of chronic illness. The purpose of this paper is to report the results of qualitative research conducted to explore these relationships by analyzing participants’ emotionally significant experiences within the family home. We purposively sampled and conducted in depth semi-structured interviews with 23 adults representing 10 families with one chronically ill adult family member. Representative illnesses included epilepsy (4) and chronic back pain (6). We used the Emotional Map of the Home Interview method (EMHI), an elicitation process in which participants are initially asked to place predefined positive and negative experiences on drawn diagrams of their homes. We analyzed the data through grounded theory coding methods, including open, axial and selective coding. Results of data analysis suggest that the family home operated as a critical socio-physical environment and had a profound impact on environmental and emotional self-regulation as well as on dyadic coping when one partner experienced chronic illness. Key selective codes derived from the data that reflect the variation and nuance within this impact included: “stress communication through the home space,” “coping by spatial separation” and “coping by joint striving for at-homeness.” These results reveal formerly hidden aspects of dyadic coping with chronic illness: the role of environmental cues, represented by the family home in this study, in perceptions of stress; the coordinated use of spatial-environmental contexts to engage the appropriate self-regulatory strategies for coping with illness-related stress. These findings demonstrate the utility of EMHI as an assessment tool and provide meaningful theoretical and practical information about dyadic coping among couples living with chronic disease.

Relational accounts of goal striving have barely considered dyadic coping as an element of the process, nor has dyadic coping research utilized the unique advantages of the goal construct (e.g., in form of personal project assessment) so far. Therefore, the primary aim of the present study was to explore stress and dyadic coping experiences associated with the personal projects of partners in a close relationship. Moreover, we approached data analysis in a pattern-oriented way, instead of using variable-centered linear models. We used cross-sectional data from 270 married and cohabiting Hungarian heterosexual couples (mean age 40.1 ± 11.2 and 37.8 ± 10.9 years for male and female partners, respectively). Partners individually completed an adapted version of the Personal Project Assessment procedure. First, they named an important but stressful personal project. Respondents appraised their experiences with the chosen personal project along several predefined aspects. These included: (1) stress experiences; (2) dyadic coping, using the adapted Dyadic Coping Inventory; (3) positive emotions; and (4) sense of community. The Relationship Assessment Scale was also assessed. Cluster analysis of both partners' stress experiences, positive and negative dyadic coping strategies in their own personal projects revealed six relationship-level clusters. Cluster solutions represented typical variations of the stress and dyadic coping patterns of the couples, and could be arranged in a three- (lower, medium, and higher stress) by-two (positively vs. negatively balanced dyadic coping pattern) array. Further analyses indicated the general trend that couples with lower (vs. higher) stress together with more positively (vs. negatively) balanced dyadic coping may have experienced better functioning in projects (more positive emotions and higher sense of community) and higher relationship satisfaction. Results confirm that the partners' pursuit of their personal projects is embedded in their relationship, and their functioning in these projects may partly depend on dyadic coping with the stress that arises during the accomplishment of the project. By using a pattern-oriented approach to dyadic data, we were able to distill stress and coping patterns that capture the specific types of couples' relationships and indicate the non-linear and multidimensional nature of stress and dyadic coping processes.

Psychosocial condition and life quality of epileptic patients are greatly determined by the existence of the disease-related comorbid disorders, like depression, anxiety, and the subjective disease perception, as well as the neuropsychological consequences of the seizures.It has been examined in patients living with epilepsy how subjective disease perception and coping strategies influence life quality, comorbid depression and the condition of anxiety.Study patients were asked to fill in a self-completion questionnaire, which examined their psychosocial condition (HADS, Beck Depression Scale), life quality (Qolie-31), coping strategies (FKV-LIS), and subjective disease perception (IPQ-R), as well as sociodemographic and disease variables. The subjects of the study: the data of epileptic patients between the age of 18 to 70 was recorded. Patients were selected from the adult outpatients of a national centre, a regional hospital and two private health care centres located in Budapest.Based on the multiple regression analysis. Beck's depression (b coefficient=-0.351, t=-4.703, p0.001**). Depressive coping strategy (FKV Dep) (b coefficient = -0.235, t=-3.123, p=0.002**). Subjective health perception (b coefficient =0.232. t=3.643, p0.001**). Sex (women; b coefficient =-0.162, t=-3.008, p=0.003**). IPQ consequences (b coefficient =-0.161, t=-2.572, p=0.012*). Active coping strategy (FKV Act; b coefficient =0.146, t=2.572, p=0.012*). Type of seizure (b coefficient =-0.138, t=-2.527, p=0.013*), and Sleep quality (b coefficient =-0.125, t=-1.995, p=0.049) explain some 75.6% of the variance of life quality's total score (model3: F=33.333, p0.001**. adjusted R2=0.733).Among the factors of the subjective disease perception (IPQ-R), the physical, mental and social consequences play the most important role. Similarly, the impact of negative emotional representation, as well as the erratic nature of the seizures are decisive. Emotional representation, cyclicity and disease coherence have an important role in coping with disease-related negative emotions.Az epilepsziás betegek pszichoszociális állapotát és életminőségét jelentősen meghatározza a rohamok neuropszichológiai következményei mellett a betegséghez társuló komorbid zavarok megléte, így a depresszió, a szorongás és a betegség szubjektív megélése. Epilepsziások körében vizsgáltuk, hogy az életminőséget, a társuló depressziót és szorongás állapotát a rohamok neuropszichológiai megléte mellett hogyan befolyásolja a szubjektív betegségészlelés, valamint a megküzdési stratégiák.A betegeket önkitöltős kérdőívek segítségével vizsgáltuk, melyekkel a szociodemográfiai változók és betegségváltozók mellett rákérdeztünk pszichoszociális állapotukra (HADS, Beck-féle Depresszió Skála), az életminőségre (Qolie-31), a megküzdési stratégiákra (FKV-LIS), valamint a betegség szubjektív észlelésére (IPQ-R). A vizsgálat alanyai, összesen 170 fő, 18-70 év közötti epilepsziás beteg adatfelvételére került sor. A vizsgálati személyek egy országos intézet, egy regionális kórház, valamint két budapesti magánrendelő felnőtt ambuláns, bejáró betegei közül kerültek ki.A többváltozós lineáris regresszióanalízis alapján a Beck-féle depresszió (b koefficiens = -0,351, t=-4,703, p0,001**), a Depressziós megküzdési stratégia (FKV Dep) (b koefficiens = -0,235, t=-3,123, p=0,002**), az Egészségi állapot szubjektív megítélése (b koefficiens = 0,232, t=3,643, p0,001**), a vizsgálati személy neme (nő) (b koefficiens = -0,162, t=-3,008, p=0,003**), az IPQ következmények (b koefficiens = -0,161, t=-2,572, p=0,012*), az Aktív megküzdési stratégia (FKV Akt) (b koefficiens = 0,146, t=2,572, p=0,012*), a Rohamtípus milyensége (b koefficiens = -0,138, t=-2,527, p=0,013*), valamint az Alvásminőség (b koefficiens = -0,125, t=-1,995, p=0,049) az életminőség-összpontszám varianciájának 75,6%-át magyarázza (model3: F=33,333, p0,001**, adjusted R2=0,733).Epilepsziás betegek körében a szubjektív betegségészlelés (IPQ-R) faktorai közül legjelentősebb szerepe a betegség testi, lelki és szociális következményeinek van. A rohamok kiszámíthatatlansága mellett a negatív érzelmi reprezentációnak is meghatározó a befolyása. Az érzelmi reprezentációnak, a ciklikusságnak és a betegségkoherenciának nagy szerepe van a betegséghez társuló negatív érzelmekkel való megbirkózásban.

The chapter provides an overview for studying and understanding the psychological aspects of enhanced living environments (ELEs). First, socio-ecological psychology is presented as a macro theoretical approach to human environmental behaviour and relationships along with the main concepts of niche construction theory that may be used to broaden the theoretical foundations of ELEs. Second, the psychologically relevant literature of the home is reviewed with an emphasis on the transactional processes between individuals and their built and natural environments. Third, self-determination theory (SDT), a macro theory of human relationships and motivation, is described. SDT may provide insight about optimal conditions for constructing social ecological niches, most importantly for the development of home environments. As a conclusion, the chapter defines major themes and research directions where socio-ecological psychology may enrich research and practice around ELE themes.

The aim of the study was to investigate the benefits of favourite physical places for well-being based on the idea of environmental self-regulation. It proposes that everyday favourite places are used as a “coping mechanism” to enhance subjective well-being through reflection, emotion regulation and withdrawal. We investigated the connection between reasons for visiting the favourite place, consequent experiences and perceived well-being (satisfaction with life and perceived health) through structural equation modelling. We also analysed the reversed model, where well-being affects the reasons for visiting and experiences in favourite places. Finnish and Hungarian participants (N = 784) answered an internet-based questionnaire. Concerning the relationships between reasons, experiences and well-being variables, all of the three reason factors (“Sad, depressed”; ” Happy, well”; “Alone, reflective) were significantly and positively related to the factor “Experiences of positive recovery of self”. This indicates that favourite places do indeed facilitate self-regulation by transforming negative cognitions and feelings into positive ones. However, positive recovery experiences were not related to well-being but distress experiences were negatively related to life satisfaction and perceived health. The reversed model revealed a top-down relation of life satisfaction with positive and negative reasons.