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Witht gainingt high. Acceptance., quick. expansion and. increases in the Internet of Things (IoT) applications have expanded too many fields. One of the trending fields for IoT growth is agriculture. In newest years, a new agricultural information. and communication. Technology. (ICT), called intelligent. agriculturet, whicho meetso theo needso of farmers for informationt collectiont, signalt processing, data analysis, and equipment control, has been developed. This work proposes an intelligent agricultural service platform that is based on a wireless sensor network and LoRa communicationt technologyt. This work uses LoRa as a network transmission interface to solve the problem of communications. failures and saves energys. An agriculturalt intelligent. agriculture. service platform is developed to supporto environmental monitoring and improve agricultural management efficiency. This paper presents a organized literature review of IoT technologies and their current utilization in different application domains of the agriculture sector. There will be a small analysis of the land of our college campus using LoRa Technology in terms of agriculture perspective as just a trial before working on a large scale.

Witht gainingt high. Acceptance., quick. expansion and. increases in the Internet of Things (IoT) applications have expanded too many fields. One of the trending fields for IoT growth is agriculture. In newest years, a new agricultural information. and communication. Technology. (ICT), called intelligent. agriculturet, whicho meetso theo needso of farmers for informationt collectiont, signalt processing, data analysis, and equipment control, has been developed. This work proposes an intelligent agricultural service platform that is based on a wireless sensor network and LoRa communicationt technologyt. This work uses LoRa as a network transmission interface to solve the problem of communications. failures and saves energys. An agriculturalt intelligent. agriculture. service platform is developed to supporto environmental monitoring and improve agricultural management efficiency. This paper presents a organized literature review of IoT technologies and their current utilization in different application domains of the agriculture sector. There will be a small analysis of the land of our college campus using LoRa Technology in terms of agriculture perspective as just a trial before working on a large scale.

Multiple antennas are usually employed to improve the performance of the wireless communication system. To this context, we derive the effective capacity (EC) expressions for Inverse Gamma (I-Gamma...

In this paper, a simple statistically tractable composite model for Weibull/Inverse-Gamma (W/I-Gamma) distribution is presented. In addition to fundamental statistics, performance of the energy detector (ED) in terms of probability of detection has been analysed over the composite W/I-Gamma distribution. Properties of distinct parameters of the composite model are used in the analytical investigation of the system behaviour through numerical simulation results. To validate the efficacy of the obtained expressions, Monte-Carlo simulation framework is also presented, where it seen that the analytical result are in close agreement with the Monte-Carlo simulations.

The previous years have perceived exponential development concerning the domain of wireless communication systems, bringing about an upsurge in the demand for Quality of Service (QoS). Effective capacity (EC) is proposed being a QoS metric in the literature which can accommodate the statistical delay restrictions of the system along with maximum arrival rate. This article proposes analytical equation of the EC over a unified composite distribution of $\alpha-\eta-\mu$ /Lognormal and $\alpha-\kappa-\mu$ /Lognormal. In addition to it, closed-form high-power regime result is also derived for the EC. The proposed results are confirmed by means of the Monte-Carlo simulation and the exact solution.

In this paper, irradiation instability of free space optical over point receiver case is investigated under on-off keying modulation scheme. The effect of aperture averaging on bit error rate under different turbulence conditions like weak, moderate and strong are numerically computed and graphically compared for generalized Exponentiated Weibull (EW) distribution. To mitigate the mathematical complexity cumulative distribution function (CDF) approach is used that provide simple and tractable expression of bit error rate(BER).

In this work, we study the performance of energy detector (ED) over generalized fading channels expressed in terms of Fox’s H-function over the air-to-ground (A2G) and ground-to-ground (G2G) networks. Firstly, the closed-form expression for the probability of missed-detection (PM) is derived. Then utilizing it, a unified and novel closed-form expression for the average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) is proposed for Fox’s H-fading distribution. The proposed formulation is expressed in terms of bivariate Fox’s H-function. Also, we provide the closed-form result for the derivative of PM that helps in obtaining the optimized value of the threshold. The channel model presented here subsumes many fading models of practical interest. To get the simplified expressions of the performance parameters, the asymptotic analysis of the proposed framework has been provided. The diversity gain and coding gain of the performance metrics over the generalized fading channel and its special cases have been evaluated. Lastly, we provide a comparison of the derived expressions with the Monte-Carlo simulations to validate the accuracy of the proposed solutions.

Effective capacity (EC) is considered as an important metric for addressing delay sensitive applications of the present wireless communication system with suitable delay exponent. With the present motivation, this paper investigates the EC analysis over generalized $\alpha-\eta-\mu$ fading channel by taking channel state information uncertainty into consideration. A novel closed-form expression for the EC is derived in terms of bivariate Fox's H-function using well-known probability density function (PDF) approach. The proposed analytical structure is of generalised nature and it can apply to different propagation environments. To validate the accuracy of the proposed analytical formulations, results have been compared with the Monte-Carlo simulation.

Effective capacity (EC) defines the most appropriate information rate that a wireless channel can support for real time applications, where delay constraint is considered as a quality of service (QoS) parameter. Mellin transform (MT) based approach is used for evaluating the performance over generalised fading channels. The closed-form expressions for the EC for Fox’s H, the mixture of Inverse Gaussian (MoIG), and α - η - μ fading channels have been derived in terms of Bivariate Fox’s H function. Furthermore, the consequences of channel and system parameters on the QoS performance of the wireless network are revealed by conducting an asymptotic EC analysis under the sovereignty of high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The Monte-Carlo/numerical results are incorporated to validate the correctness of the presented methodology.