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2. SEAMOBB: SOLUTIONS FOR SEMI-AUTOMATIC MONITORING OF BENTHIC BIODIVERSITY: PHOTO-ANALYSIS OF HIERARCHICAL SAMPLING OF ARMS COMMUNITIES FROM SPAIN TO CROATIA

Author

Anne Chenuil, Marco Abbiati, Erwan Bouchereau, Virgile Calvert, Sandrine Chenesseau, Federica Costantini, Alexis Crampon, Dorian Guillemain, Jose-Miguél Gutiérrez, Michèle Leduc, Térence Legrand, Anne Haguenauer, Christian Marschal, Pascal Mirleau, Laetitia Plaisance, Vincent Rossi, Sandrine Ruitton, Marjorie Selva, Thierry Thibaut, Laurent Vanbostal, Frédéric Zuberer., and Anne Chenuil, Marco Abbiati, Erwan Bouchereau, Virgile Calvert, Sandrine Chenesseau, Federica Costantini, Alexis Crampon, Dorian Guillemain, Jose-Miguél Gutiérrez, Michèle Leduc, Térence Legrand, Anne Haguenauer, Christian Marschal, Pascal Mirleau, Laetitia Plaisance, Vincent Rossi, Sandrine Ruitton, Marjorie Selva, Thierry Thibaut, Laurent Vanbostal, Frédéric Zuberer.

Subjects
Monitoring, Gulf of Lyon
Published
2019

3. Sporulation and physiological profiles of bacterial communities of three Mediterranean soils affected by drying-rewetting or freezing-thawing cycles

Author

Stéven Criquet, Laurent Daou, Mathieu Luglia, Claude Périssol, Virgile Calvert, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Mediterranean climate, 030106 microbiology, Soil Science, Context (language use), Biology, Microbiology, Soil respiration, 03 medical and health sciences, Drying-rewetting, Botany, Respiration, Climate change, Community level physiological profiles, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Mediterranean soil vulnerability, Spore, Horticulture, Freezing-thawing, Hydric soil, Germination, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology
Abstract

International audience; In the global change context, the basal respiration (BR), the estimated number of bacterial spores (SP) and the community level physiological profiles (CLPPs) were investigated in three different Mediterranean soils following different hydric and thermic stress scenarios. The treatments consisted in an increasing number (1, 2, 4, and 7) of drying-rewetting (DRWc) or freezing-thawing cycles (FR) at 20, 40 or -20 degrees C. The results highlighted that the different soils responded differently to the same treatment and that the three variables considered were weakly related one to each another. In almost all soils and modalities, the BR increased significantly during the first cycles before decreasing during the last. With regards to SP, it appeared that, for a given soil, the capacity of microbial communities to sporulate and/or germinate can be considerably more influenced by the temperature rather than by the hydric stress. Finally, the CLPPs literally collapsed with the treatment at 40 degrees C, irrespective of the soil considered. This suggested a progressive replacement of the catabolically diversified original bacterial communities by another showing lower functional diversities.

Published
2017
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4. Effects of drying–rewetting or freezing–thawing cycles on enzymatic activities of different Mediterranean soils

Author

Virgile Calvert, Laurent Daou, Stéven Criquet, Claude Périssol, Mathieu Luglia, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), and Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Mediterranean climate, Soil Science, Biomass, 010501 environmental sciences, complex mixtures, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, Botany, Riparian forest, Lipase, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Abiotic component, chemistry.chemical_classification, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Chemistry, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, Enzyme, Agronomy, Hydric soil, 13. Climate action, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, biology.protein, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

International audience; The aim of this study was to determine the impact of climatic stress scenarios on soil microbial functions. To this end, three Mediterranean soils (south exposed soil, S; north exposed soil, N; soil from riparian forest, R) were sampled and subjected to climatic stress events consisting of an increasing number of drying-rewetting (DRWc) or freezing thawing (FFc) cycles (1, 2, 4, and 7 cycles) at 20, 20, and 40 degrees C. The microbial functions considered were: fluorescein diacetate hydrolase (FDAse), lipase, acid phosphomonoesterase (PhA), and beta-glucosidase (beta-glu). Results showed that the soils had different enzymatic patterns, the S soil being less active than the two others. Considering the climatic stresses, the repeated effects of hydric and thermic stresses resulted, in most cases, in enzymatic activity decreases. The soils with colder and moister conditions (i.e. R and N soils) had globally more vulnerable enzyme activities to DRWc, a phenomenon which was amplified by increased temperatures, 40 degrees C being the more deleterious temperature. On the contrary, the S soil appeared more resistant to climatic stresses and, in some cases, certain enzyme activities, namely beta-glu and PhA, were unaffected by the various treatments. gamma-irradiation was also used to assess the biotic and abiotic parts in soil FDAse response to stresses. Results showed that in soils devoid of active microbial biomass, the FDAse activity was very sensitive to DRWc at high temperature (40 degrees C), activity losses ranging from 90 to 95%. Moreover, comparison with unsterilized soils indicated that microbial communities were able to reload efficiently this activity between stresses. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2016
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5. Anti-Acne, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Properties of Ludwigia peploides Leaf Extract

Author

Imen Smida, Alaa Sweidan, Yasmine Souissi, Isabelle Rouaud, Aurélie Sauvager, Franck Torre, Virgile Calvert, Jean Le Petit, Sophie Tomasi, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Sidi Thabet (ISBST), Université de la Manouba [Tunisie] (UMA), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), and Calvert, Virgile

Subjects
anti-acne, antioxidant, Ludwigia peploides, [SDV.SP.PHARMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, antiproliferative properties
Abstract

International audience; Objective: This work is the first to investigate the in vitro anti-acne and cytotoxic activities of the leaves of Ludwigia peploides. With its important seasonal biomass production, this plant has great potential in several therapeutic and cosmetic applications.Methods: The antibacterial activity of the extract was screened against a consortium of skin microorganisms that cause acne vulgaris disease, using disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods. The antioxidant activity of methanolic leaf extract of L. peploides was evaluated by DPPH and NBT assays to assess the free radical scavenging activity of L. peploides, which in turn has a great importance related to its role in minimizing the oxidative stress linked to the pathophysiology of diseases like acne vulgaris. Its putative cytotoxicity was examined against human macrophage-like monocytic leukemia (THP-1) and human keratinocytes (HaCaT) cell lines. In addition, antiproliferative activity was screened against B16 cancer cell lines. Results: The extract displayed antioxidant effect by DPPH (IC50= 58 ± 6.0 µg mL-1) and NBT (IC50= 30 ± 2.8 µg mL-1) assays, and it was not toxic on HaCaT cells (IC50 > 200 µg mL-1). A strong inhibitory activity against Propionibacterium acnes (MIC = 1.9 µg mL-1) was registered for the extract, which had a bactericidal effect against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Salmonella enterica. Finally, the extract was shown to have an antiproliferative activity (IC50=5.5 ± 2.3 µgmL-1).Conclusion: The extract displays antioxidant and anti-acne effects as well as inhibition potential of B16 melanoma cells proliferation.

Published
2018

6. Étude écosystémique d’un dépôt de résidus de bauxite en Provence : le cas du crassier du Griffon, Vitrolles

Author

Mathieu Luglia, Camille Fourrier, Julie Foulon, Ninon Viard, Christopher Burot, Héloïse Verdier, Maguitte Wright, Catherine Keller, Jean-Paul Ambrosi, Gachet, S., Pierre Hennebert, Virgile Calvert, Daniel Pavon, Bernard ANGELETTI, Stéven Criquet, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

7. The bauxite residue deposits of the mining basin of Provence: characterization and impacts on the physico-chemical and biological qualities of soils

Author

Mathieu Luglia, Camille Fourrier, Ninon Viard, Catherine Keller, Jean-Paul Ambrosi, Sophie Gachet, Pierre Hennebert, Virgile Calvert, Isabelle Giffard, Daniel Pavon, Bernard Angeletti, Steven Criquet, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

8. Biological functioning of PAH-polluted and thermal desorption-treated soils assessed by fauna and microbial bioindicators

Author

Céline Pernin, Stéven Criquet, Jérôme Cortet, Asmaa Biaz, Corinne Leyval, Cécile Caupert, Aurélie Cébron, Virgile Calvert, Laboratoire des Interactions Microorganismes-Minéraux-Matière Organique dans les sols (LIMOS), Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Faculté des sciences Saint Jérôme, Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3, Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et de Paléoécologie (IMEP), Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - ULR 4515 (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), INSU-EC2CO-MicrobiEn, GISFI, ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1, Laboratoire Génie Civil et géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - EA 4515 (LGCgE), IMT Lille Douai, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Lille-Université d'Artois (UA), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-IMT Lille Douai, and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)

Subjects
DNA, Bacterial, Hot Temperature, Nematoda, Hydrolases, Soil biology, Microbial Consortia, pah, Biology, complex mixtures, Microbiology, Soil respiration, Soil, faune, Abundance (ecology), Animals, Soil Pollutants, Enzyme activities, Soil ecology, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, DNA, Fungal, microorganisms, [SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Arthropods, faunal survey, Molecular Biology, Ecosystem, Soil Microbiology, microorganisme, Bacteria, Soil organic matter, Fungi, Biodiversity, Plant, General Medicine, Vegetation, Plants, Biodegradation, Environmental, Fauna, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Agronomy, Soil water, Adsorption, Bioindicator, Biomarkers
Abstract

A large number of soil bioindicators were used to assess biological diversity and activity in soil polluted with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the same soil after thermal desorption (TD) treatment. Abundance and biodiversity of bacteria, fungi, protozoa, nematodes and microarthropods, as well as functional parameters such as enzymatic activities and soil respiration, were assessed during a two year period of in situ monitoring. We investigated the influence of vegetation (spontaneous vegetation and Medicago sativa) and TD treatment on biological functioning. Multivariate analysis was performed to analyze the whole data set. A principal response curve (PRC) technique was used to evaluate the different treatments (various vegetation and contaminated vs. TD soil) contrasted with control (bare) soil over time. Our results indicated the value of using a number of complementary bioindicators, describing both diversity and functions, to assess the influence of vegetation on soil and discriminate polluted from thermal desorption (TD)-treated soil. Plants had an influence on the abundance and activity of all organisms examined in our study, favoring the whole trophic chain development. However, although TD-treated soil had a high abundance and diversity of microorganisms and fauna, enzymatic activities were weak because of the strong physical and chemical modifications of this soil. (C) 2011 Institut Pasteur. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Published
2011
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9. Changes in the level of alkaline and acid phosphatase activities during green wastes and sewage sludge co-composting

Author

Gérard Terrom, Virgile Calvert, Remy Albrecht, Jean Petit, Claude Périssol, Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et de Paléoécologie (IMEP), Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), and Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Environmental Engineering, Acid Phosphatase, Phosphatase, Industrial Waste, Sewage, Bioengineering, Cellulase, engineering.material, complex mixtures, Soil, Food science, Waste Management and Disposal, Soil Microbiology, Sewage sludge, biology, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Chemistry, business.industry, Compost, fungi, Acid phosphatase, Phosphomonoesterase, General Medicine, Alkaline Phosphatase, Biodegradation, Environmental, Biochemistry, biology.protein, engineering, Alkaline phosphatase, business
Abstract

The aim of this work was to study the activity level of alkaline and acid phosphatases during the composting of green wastes and sewage sludge and to determine relationships between biotic and abiotic properties of compost and phosphatase activities. This study has revealed a noticeable separation of phosphomonoesterase activities into two distinct phases during composting. Alkaline and acid phosphatase activities were high during the first month of composting and then declined up to the end of the process. Both phosphatase activities were significantly correlated with a group of variables which are clearly related to advancement of maturity during the composting process: C/N, respiration, cellulase, protease, phenoloxidase activities, HA and Global Index of Composting Evolution (GICE) resulting from 14 biological and chemical parameters. This study has also revealed the complexity of factors regulating turnover of P in compost process since phosphatase activities appeared constrained across two thresholds: 60/70 and 100 μg of inorganic P g−1 DM for activation and repression, respectively.

Published
2010
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10. Dynamics of phosphatase activities in a cork oak litter (Quercus suber L.) following sewage sludge application

Author

Sylvie Nèble, Jean Petit, Virgile Calvert, Stéven Criquet, Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et de Paléoécologie (IMEP), Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), and Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Abiotic component, biology, Chemistry, Acid phosphatase, Amendment, Soil Science, Quercus suber, Biodegradation, biology.organism_classification, Microbiology, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Human fertilization, Animal science, Botany, Litter, biology.protein, Sludge
Abstract

As part of a study of the processes involved in litter biodegradation following sewage sludge (SS) addition, the variations over 14 months of phosphatase activities in a cork oak litter (Quercus suber L.) were investigated. A field experimental design was carried out using the litter-bag method on both a fertilized plot receiving SS applications (twice 1.5 T ha - 1 ) and a control plot. Acid (APH) and alkaline (BPH) phosphatases were measured, along with several biotic and abiotic variables potentially involved in the regulation of these enzymes. These included moisture, temperature, pH, water-extractable inorganic P ( P W ) , culturable heterotrophic bacteria and fungi. Sludge addition had significant effects on all the variables measured. Indeed, sludge increased significantly BPH activities, available P W , microbial densities (i.e. bacteria and fungi) and pH in the fertilized plot. In contrast, APH activities decreased significantly following sludge addition. As a consequence, the BPH/APH ratio increased markedly and immediately in the fertilized plot, but only after the 1st amendment. Following the 1st preconditioning SS amendment, the 2nd fertilization had fewer effects on biological variables, because of summer dryness. The different properties examined varied significantly with incubation time, and most were significantly related to the seasonal patterns of litter moisture in this Mediterranean forest ecosystem. Hence, sewage sludge application modified the intensity of microbial responses to environmental factors, but biological patterns regulating P turn-over were maintained.

Published
2007
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