1,729 results on '"Virtual Patient"'
Search Results
2. A mathematical model for simulation of cardiovascular, renal, and hormonal responses to burn injury and resuscitation.
- Author
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ArabiDarrehDor, Ghazal, Kramer, George C., Burmeister, David M., Salinas, Jose, and Jin-Oh Hahn
- Abstract
Introduction: Treating extensive burn injury requires an individually tailored resuscitation protocol that includes hourly-titrated intravenous fluid infusion to avert both hypovolemic shock and edema. Due to the complexity of burn pathophysiology and significant variability in treatment protocols, there is an ongoing effort to optimize burn resuscitation. The goal of this work is to contribute to this effort by developing a mathematical model of burn pathophysiology and resuscitation for in silico testing of burn resuscitation protocols and decision-support systems. Methods: In our previous work, we developed and validated a mathematical model consisting of volume kinetics, burn-induced perturbations, and kidney function. In this work, we expanded our previous mathematical model to incorporate novel mathematical models of cardiovascular system and hormonal system (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS) system and antidiuretic hormone) which affect blood volume and pressure regulation. We also developed a detailed mathematical model of kidney function to regulate blood volume, pressure, and sodium levels, including components for glomerular filtration rate, reabsorption rates in nephron tubules, Tubuglomerular feedback, and myogenic mechanisms. We trained and validated the expanded mathematical model using experimental data from 15 pigs and 9 sheep with extensive burns to quantitatively evaluate its prediction accuracy for hematocrit, cardiac output, mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure, serum sodium levels, and urinary output. We then trained and tested the mathematical model using a clinical dataset of 233 human burn patients with demographic data and urinary output measurements. Results: The mathematical model could predict all tested variables very well, while internal variables and estimated parameters were consistent with the literature. Discussion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first mathematical model of burn injury and resuscitation which is extensively validated to replicate actual burn patients. Hence, this in silico platform may complement large animal preclinical testing of burn resuscitation protocols. Beyond its primary purpose, the mathematical model can be used as a training tool for healthcare providers delivering insight into the pathophysiology of burn shock, and offering novel mathematical models of human physiology which can be independently used for other purposes and contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Detection of Internal Hemorrhage via Sequential Inference: An In Silico Feasibility Study.
- Author
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Chalumuri, Yekanth Ram, Jin, Xin, Tivay, Ali, and Hahn, Jin-Oh
- Subjects
- *
KALMAN filtering , *SIMULATED patients , *SEQUENTIAL analysis , *HEMATOCRIT , *HEMORRHAGE - Abstract
This paper investigates the feasibility of detecting and estimating the rate of internal hemorrhage based on continuous noninvasive hematocrit measurement. A unique challenge in hematocrit-based hemorrhage detection is that hematocrit decreases in response to hemorrhage and resuscitation with fluids, which makes hemorrhage detection during resuscitation challenging. We developed two sequential inference algorithms for detection of internal hemorrhage based on the Luenberger observer and the extended Kalman filter. The sequential inference algorithms use fluid resuscitation dose and hematocrit measurement as inputs to generate signatures to enable detection of internal hemorrhage. In the case of the extended Kalman filter, the signature is nothing but inferred hemorrhage rate, which allows it to also estimate internal hemorrhage rate. We evaluated the proof-of-concept of these algorithms based on in silico evaluation in 100 virtual patients subject to diverse hemorrhage and resuscitation rates. The results showed that the sequential inference algorithms outperformed naïve internal hemorrhage detection based on the decrease in hematocrit when hematocrit noise level was 1% (average F1 score: Luenberger observer 0.80; extended Kalman filter 0.76; hematocrit 0.59). Relative to the Luenberger observer, the extended Kalman filter demonstrated comparable internal hemorrhage detection performance and superior accuracy in estimating the hemorrhage rate. The analysis of the dependence of the sequential inference algorithms on measurement noise and plant parametric uncertainty showed that small (≤1%) hematocrit noise level and personalization of sequential inference algorithms may enable continuous noninvasive detection of internal hemorrhage and estimation of its rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. A digital technique of bone reduction for a maxillary full‐arch implant‐supported fixed dental prosthesis.
- Author
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Tang, Weimao, Zhang, Hai, Wang, Haozhe, and Li, Lei
- Subjects
DENTURES ,ALVEOLAR process ,SIMULATED patients ,OPERATIVE surgery ,MEDICAL personnel - Abstract
When fabricating a maxillary full‐arch implant‐supported fixed dental prosthesis, it is often challenging to systematically reduce alveolar bone to create prosthetic space and hide the prosthesis‐tissue junction. This article presents a digital technique that allows for precise bone reduction while simultaneously placing implants and interim prostheses. By using this technique, clinicians can perform surgical procedures in a systematic manner without compromising the functional or esthetic outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Perception of enhanced learning in medicine through integrating of virtual patients: an exploratory study on knowledge acquisition and transfer
- Author
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Zhien Li, Maryam Asoodar, Nynke de Jong, Tom Keulers, Xian Liu, and Diana Dolmans
- Subjects
Virtual patient ,Medical education ,Role modeling ,Feedback ,Authentic cases ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Introduction Virtual Patients (VPs) have been shown to improve various aspects of medical learning, however, research has scarcely delved into the specific factors that facilitate the knowledge gain and transfer of knowledge from the classroom to real-world applications. This exploratory study aims to understand the impact of integrating VPs into classroom learning on students’ perceptions of knowledge acquisition and transfer. Methods The study was integrated into an elective course on “Personalized Medicine in Cancer Treatment and Care,” employing a qualitative and quantitative approach. Twenty-two second-year medical undergraduates engaged in a VP session, which included role modeling, practice with various authentic cases, group discussion on feedback, and a plenary session. Student perceptions of their learning were measured through surveys and focus group interviews and analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Results Quantitative data shows that students highly valued the role modeling introduction, scoring it 4.42 out of 5, and acknowledged the practice with VPs in enhancing their subject matter understanding, with an average score of 4.0 out of 5. However, students’ reflections on peer dialogue on feedback received mixed reviews, averaging a score of 3.24 out of 5. Qualitative analysis (of focus-group interviews) unearthed the following four themes: ‘Which steps to take in clinical reasoning’, ‘Challenging their reasoning to enhance deeper understanding’, ‘Transfer of knowledge ‘, and ' Enhance Reasoning through Reflections’. Quantitative and qualitative data are cohered. Conclusion The study demonstrates evidence for the improvement of learning by incorporating VPs with learning activities. This integration enhances students’ perceptions of knowledge acquisition and transfer, thereby potentially elevating students’ preparedness for real-world clinical settings. Key facets like expert role modeling and various authentic case exposures were valued for fostering a deeper understanding and active engagement, though with some mixed responses towards peer feedback discussions. While the preliminary findings are encouraging, the necessity for further research to refine feedback mechanisms and explore a broader spectrum of medical disciplines with larger sample sizes is underscored. This exploration lays a groundwork for future endeavors aimed at optimizing VP-based learning experiences in medical education.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Acceptance of virtual patients as a continuous professional development approach among practicing nurses in primary health care settings in a low-income country: a quasi-experimental posttest setup design
- Author
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Gerard Nyiringango, Uno Fors, David K. Tumusiime, and Elenita Forsberg
- Subjects
Virtual patient ,Healthcare education ,Continuous professional development ,Continuing nursing education ,Nurses ,Primary healthcare settings ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
Abstract Background Virtual patients are an educational technological approach used in healthcare education. Its distinctive features have rendered virtual patient technology appealing for the training of medical and healthcare students, particularly in the enhancement of clinical reasoning. Virtual patients are less often applied for continuous professional development for practicing healthcare providers, and there is a scarcity of studies exploring this possibility. This study aimed to assess the acceptability of nurses for using virtual patients as a continuous professional development approach. Method The study used a quasi-experimental posttest setup design. The study was conducted in ten primary healthcare settings in Rwanda. Among 76 nurses who consented to participate in the study, 56 completed the intervention and responded to the study questionnaire. Following a one-week program of continuous professional development on four non-communicable diseases, the study used a self-administered questionnaire based on the Technology Acceptance Model 3 to collect data. Descriptive analysis served as the primary method for analyzing participants’ responses. The study also used a correlation test to assess the relationship of variables. Results Across all items in the questionnaire, the median response tended towards either agree or strongly agree, with only a minority number of participants expressing strong disagreement, disagreement, or neutrality. The results indicated a significant positive correlation between perceived usefulness and behavior intention (p
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. 3D virtual patient—Magnetically retained printed stackable system for implant guided placement: Case report.
- Author
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Jreige, Camila Sales, Gama, Rafael, Parize, Hian, Ates, Gokcen, and Sesma, Newton
- Abstract
Objective Clinical Considerations Conclusion Clinical Significance The aim of this report is to present the complete workflow of 3D virtual patient for planning and performing implant surgery with magnetically retained 3D‐printed stackable guides.A 3D‐printed stackable system was proposed based on bone, dental, and facial references. Initially, a 66‐year‐old male patient was digitalized through photographs, cone beam computed tomography, and intraoral scans (Virtuo Vivo, Straumann). All files were merged to create a 3D virtual patient in the planning software (coDiagnostiX, Straumann). Sequential stackable guides were designed, printed, and cured. Magnets were inserted into connectors, and the interim protheses received color characterization. Four mounted guides were produced for the specific purposes of pin fixation, bone reduction, implant placement, and immediate provisionalization. After surgery and healing period, patient digital data were updated. Final implant positions were compared to planned values and inconsistencies were clinically acceptable. The mean angular deviation was 5.4° (3.2–7.3) and mean 3D discrepancies were of 0.90 mm (0.46–1.12) at the entry point and 1.68 mm (1.00–2.20) at implant apex. Case follow‐up revealed stability, patient's comfort, and no intercurrences.Magnetically retained stackable guides provide treatment accuracy and reduce surgical and prosthetic complications. The projected virtual patient enhances decision‐making and communication between the multidisciplinary team and the patient, while decreases time and costs.Bidimensional diagnosis and freehand implant placement have limitations and outcomes often rely on professionals' expertise. Performing facially driven virtual planning improves treatment predictability. This approach promotes function, esthetic harmony, and patient satisfaction. Implant guided surgery and 3D printed prostheses constitute a reproducible digital workflow that can be implemented into clinical practice to optimize dental care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Perception of enhanced learning in medicine through integrating of virtual patients: an exploratory study on knowledge acquisition and transfer.
- Author
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Li, Zhien, Asoodar, Maryam, de Jong, Nynke, Keulers, Tom, Liu, Xian, and Dolmans, Diana
- Subjects
PSYCHOLOGY of students ,KNOWLEDGE transfer ,SIMULATED patients ,ROLE models ,LEARNING ,MEDICAL logic - Abstract
Introduction: Virtual Patients (VPs) have been shown to improve various aspects of medical learning, however, research has scarcely delved into the specific factors that facilitate the knowledge gain and transfer of knowledge from the classroom to real-world applications. This exploratory study aims to understand the impact of integrating VPs into classroom learning on students' perceptions of knowledge acquisition and transfer. Methods: The study was integrated into an elective course on "Personalized Medicine in Cancer Treatment and Care," employing a qualitative and quantitative approach. Twenty-two second-year medical undergraduates engaged in a VP session, which included role modeling, practice with various authentic cases, group discussion on feedback, and a plenary session. Student perceptions of their learning were measured through surveys and focus group interviews and analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Results: Quantitative data shows that students highly valued the role modeling introduction, scoring it 4.42 out of 5, and acknowledged the practice with VPs in enhancing their subject matter understanding, with an average score of 4.0 out of 5. However, students' reflections on peer dialogue on feedback received mixed reviews, averaging a score of 3.24 out of 5. Qualitative analysis (of focus-group interviews) unearthed the following four themes: 'Which steps to take in clinical reasoning', 'Challenging their reasoning to enhance deeper understanding', 'Transfer of knowledge ', and ' Enhance Reasoning through Reflections'. Quantitative and qualitative data are cohered. Conclusion: The study demonstrates evidence for the improvement of learning by incorporating VPs with learning activities. This integration enhances students' perceptions of knowledge acquisition and transfer, thereby potentially elevating students' preparedness for real-world clinical settings. Key facets like expert role modeling and various authentic case exposures were valued for fostering a deeper understanding and active engagement, though with some mixed responses towards peer feedback discussions. While the preliminary findings are encouraging, the necessity for further research to refine feedback mechanisms and explore a broader spectrum of medical disciplines with larger sample sizes is underscored. This exploration lays a groundwork for future endeavors aimed at optimizing VP-based learning experiences in medical education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Acceptance of virtual patients as a continuous professional development approach among practicing nurses in primary health care settings in a low-income country: a quasi-experimental posttest setup design.
- Author
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Nyiringango, Gerard, Fors, Uno, Tumusiime, David K., and Forsberg, Elenita
- Subjects
- *
MIDDLE-income countries , *STATISTICAL correlation , *SCALE analysis (Psychology) , *COMPUTER simulation , *RESEARCH funding , *PRIMARY health care , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *CLINICAL trials , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *BEHAVIOR , *CONTINUING education of nurses , *PRE-tests & post-tests , *MEDICAL office nursing , *PROFESSIONAL employee training , *NURSES' attitudes , *SIMULATED patients , *RESEARCH methodology , *RESEARCH , *INTENTION , *TELENURSING , *DATA analysis software , *LOW-income countries ,RESEARCH evaluation - Abstract
Background: Virtual patients are an educational technological approach used in healthcare education. Its distinctive features have rendered virtual patient technology appealing for the training of medical and healthcare students, particularly in the enhancement of clinical reasoning. Virtual patients are less often applied for continuous professional development for practicing healthcare providers, and there is a scarcity of studies exploring this possibility. This study aimed to assess the acceptability of nurses for using virtual patients as a continuous professional development approach. Method: The study used a quasi-experimental posttest setup design. The study was conducted in ten primary healthcare settings in Rwanda. Among 76 nurses who consented to participate in the study, 56 completed the intervention and responded to the study questionnaire. Following a one-week program of continuous professional development on four non-communicable diseases, the study used a self-administered questionnaire based on the Technology Acceptance Model 3 to collect data. Descriptive analysis served as the primary method for analyzing participants' responses. The study also used a correlation test to assess the relationship of variables. Results: Across all items in the questionnaire, the median response tended towards either agree or strongly agree, with only a minority number of participants expressing strong disagreement, disagreement, or neutrality. The results indicated a significant positive correlation between perceived usefulness and behavior intention (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The findings indicate an acceptability and behavioral intention of adopting virtual patients as an alternative continuous professional development approach among nurses working at health centers in Rwanda or other locations with similar contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Introduction to Digital Dentistry
- Author
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Orhan, Kaan, Delantoni, Antigoni, Delantoni, Antigoni, editor, and Orhan, Kaan, editor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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11. DIGITAL RESOURCES AS AN EFFECTIVE MEANS FOR DEVELOPING COMMUNICATIONS SKILLS OF A FUTURE DOCTOR
- Author
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Olga V. Makarova, Raisa N. Khvoshch, and Yulia V. Boldyreva
- Subjects
patient-centered communication ,case ,virtual patient ,communication skills of a doctor ,flipped classroom ,visualization ,Agriculture ,Science - Abstract
Background. This paper presents the experience of introducing the integrated course “Speech aspects of patient-centered communication” into the educational process of medical students. The research relevance is due to the low motivation of students to study linguistic disciplines. However, there is a direct correlation between the level of communication skills developed at language courses and the efficiency in solving professional problems, including those related to the treatment of patients. Purpose. The paper is aimed at justifying the use of digital resources as an effective means of mastering the skills of communication between a doctor and a patient. Materials and methods. The material of the study is educating videos, cases designed for visualizing ‘Virtual patient’, digital texts, interactive resources (https://wordwall.net/ru, https://quizlet.com, https://genial.ly, etc.), as well as and the content based on them, i.e., presentations, videos, multimedia materials. The paper uses theoretical and empirical research methods, including discourse analysis and the method of modeling situations “doctor – patient”. Results. The introduction of digital resources contributes to the conscious developing of the future doctor communication skills and the change in the existing attitude of students to this process from - "I know how to communicate with patients" - to the opinion - “I still have a lot to learn and develop both universal basic patient orientated communication skills (establishing contact, taking anamnesis, completing a consultation) and advanced communication skills of explanation and planning.” Conclusion. The conditions for mastering the communication skills of a future doctor are as follows: 1) organization of classes based on a collaborative approach involving active learning methods; 2) integration of subject areas, in particular language and medicine; 3) use of digital resources imitating the real working conditions with the patient and allowing you.
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- 2024
- Full Text
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12. Exploring medical students’ perceptions of individual and group-based clinical reasoning with virtual patients: a qualitative study
- Author
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Ipek Gonullu, Alper Bayazit, and Sengul Erden
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Clinical reasoning ,Individual vs. group-based ,Virtual patient ,Qualitative study ,Medical students ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Virtual Patients are computer-based simulations used to teach and evaluate patient interviews, medical diagnoses, and treatment of medical conditions. It helps develop clinical reasoning skills, especially in undergraduate medical education. This study aimed to and investigate the medical students’ perceptions of individual and group-based clinical reasoning and decision-making processes by using Virtual Patients. Methods The study group comprised 24 third-year medical students. Body Interact® software was utilized as a VP tool. The students’ readiness and the courses’ learning goals were considered when choosing the scenarios. Semi-structured interview forms were employed for data collection. MAXQDA 2020 qualitative analysis software was used to analyze the data. The students’ written answers were analyzed using content analysis. Results The participants perceived individual applications as beneficial when making clinical decisions with Virtual Patients, but they suggested that group-based applications used with the same cases immediately following individual applications were a more appropriate decision-making method. The results indicated that students learn to make decisions through trial and error, based on software scoring priorities, or using clinical reasoning protocols. Conclusion In group-based reasoning, the discussion-conciliation technique is utilized. The students stated that the individual decision-making was advantageous because it provided students with the freedom to make choices and the opportunity for self-evaluation. On the other hand, they stated that the group based decision-making process activated their prior knowledge, assisted in understanding misconceptions, and promoted information retention. Medical educators need to determine the most appropriate method when using Virtual Patients, which can be structured as individual and/or group applications depending on the competency sought.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. The effect of case-based mobile virtual patient application on students’ academic achievement in clinical reasoning skills
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Levent Çetinkaya, İ̇lke Keser, Serkan Yildirim, and Hafize Keser
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Clinical reasoning ,clinical skills ,practical application ,virtual patient ,mobile learning ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
ABSTRACTThis mixed-method study aims to determine the effect of the use of mobile virtual patient application with narrated case-based virtual patients as an assistive technology on students’ clinical reasoning skills. It makes a notable contribution by exploring the impact of mobile virtual patient applications on healthcare students’ clinical skills and their preparation for real-world patient care. In addition, the accuracy of the analysis results regarding the effect on student achievement was analyzed with a second dataset tool, and thus, aiming to increase reliability by verifying the same research question with a different quantitative analysis technique. In the qualitative part of the study, students’ views on the implementation were collected through an open-ended questionnaire and the data were subjected to content analysis. An achievement test was also developed to determine the development of students’ clinical reasoning skills, which revealed that each of the learning environments had different outcomes regarding students’ achievement and that supporting the traditional environment with the mobile virtual patient application yielded better results for increasing students’ achievement. Students’ opinions about the mobile virtual patient application and the process also support the increase in academic achievement aimed at measuring clinical reasoning skills. The content analysis showed that the students, who generally reported multiple positive factors related to the application, thought that the stories and cases presented created a perception of reality, and they especially highlighted the contribution of the application to learning the story organization. Based on all these results, it can be said that the application supports clinical reasoning, provides practical experience, improves academic achievement, and contributes positively to motivation.
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Virtual Patient Simulations in Nursing Education: A Descriptive Systematic Review.
- Author
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Sahin Karaduman, Gul and Basak, Tulay
- Subjects
- *
SIMULATED patients , *NURSING education , *SELF-confidence , *SIMULATION methods in education , *NURSE-patient relationships , *CLINICAL medical education - Abstract
Background: Virtual patients commonly train students in clinical competence in nursing education. This review aimed to evaluate the sample characteristics and sampling method, technological design of the virtual patients, duration of simulation methods, comparison methods used in control groups, outcomes of simulation interventions, and quality of the included randomized controlled studies. Methods: Five databases were searched using English-language keywords between 1995 and 2019. The Turkish Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies was used to evaluate the quality of randomized controlled trials. Of the 4235 studies identified, 10 randomized controlled trials reporting virtual patients in nursing education were reviewed. Results: The total number of participants in the review was 787. The virtual patient methods used in all studies differed. The duration was different in all the studies. Standardized patients, traditional education, facilitated mannequin-based simulation, written descriptions of the skills, low-, medium-, and high-fidelity simulation, and virtual simulation without training methods were used in the control groups for the comparison. Six studies indicated that virtual patients increased students' knowledge, skills, self-efficacy, self-confidence, nursing competencies, and satisfaction levels in clinical practice, while four studies found no significant difference between the groups. The quality was poor in four of 10 studies, moderate in two of 10 studies, and strong in four of 10 studies. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the virtual patient methods used in studies varied in terms of technological design. The duration of simulation in the studies varied from less than 30 minutes to more than two months. The virtual patients could improve knowledge, skill acquisition, self-efficacy, self-confidence, and nursing competency compared with low-fidelity simulation, didactic education, no-intervention, or no-education studies. The quality results of the studies show that most of them had weak or strong research designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Exploring medical students' perceptions of individual and group-based clinical reasoning with virtual patients: a qualitative study.
- Author
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Gonullu, Ipek, Bayazit, Alper, and Erden, Sengul
- Subjects
PSYCHOLOGY of students ,SIMULATED patients ,MEDICAL students ,MEDICAL logic ,MEDICAL teaching personnel ,GROUP decision making - Abstract
Background: Virtual Patients are computer-based simulations used to teach and evaluate patient interviews, medical diagnoses, and treatment of medical conditions. It helps develop clinical reasoning skills, especially in undergraduate medical education. This study aimed to and investigate the medical students' perceptions of individual and group-based clinical reasoning and decision-making processes by using Virtual Patients. Methods: The study group comprised 24 third-year medical students. Body Interact
® software was utilized as a VP tool. The students' readiness and the courses' learning goals were considered when choosing the scenarios. Semi-structured interview forms were employed for data collection. MAXQDA 2020 qualitative analysis software was used to analyze the data. The students' written answers were analyzed using content analysis. Results: The participants perceived individual applications as beneficial when making clinical decisions with Virtual Patients, but they suggested that group-based applications used with the same cases immediately following individual applications were a more appropriate decision-making method. The results indicated that students learn to make decisions through trial and error, based on software scoring priorities, or using clinical reasoning protocols. Conclusion: In group-based reasoning, the discussion-conciliation technique is utilized. The students stated that the individual decision-making was advantageous because it provided students with the freedom to make choices and the opportunity for self-evaluation. On the other hand, they stated that the group based decision-making process activated their prior knowledge, assisted in understanding misconceptions, and promoted information retention. Medical educators need to determine the most appropriate method when using Virtual Patients, which can be structured as individual and/or group applications depending on the competency sought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. 口腔修复诊疗中构建虚拟患者的机遇与挑战.
- Author
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沈颉飞
- Abstract
Copyright of West China Journal of Stomatology is the property of Sichuan University, West China College of Stomatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. SHIFTING PARADIGM IN PROSTHODONTICS
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Zenovia Surlari, Dana Gabriela Budala, Dragos Nicolae Fratila, Florinel Cosmin Bida, Ionut Luchian, and Dragoș Ioan Virvescu
- Subjects
prosthodontics ,virtual patient ,digital dentistry ,Dentistry ,RK1-715 - Abstract
The options for prosthodontists and their patients have grown as new treatment modalities have been developed. However, the proliferation of information has prompted some to question the reliability and usefulness of more conventional approaches to prosthodontic care. Collectively, these contributors have made treatment planning far more difficult. The purpose of this article is to provide a framework for the prosthodontic treatment-planning process that incorporates the latest evidence-based information available.
- Published
- 2023
18. Detection of Internal Hemorrhage via Sequential Inference: An In Silico Feasibility Study
- Author
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Yekanth Ram Chalumuri, Xin Jin, Ali Tivay, and Jin-Oh Hahn
- Subjects
hemorrhage ,detection ,sequential inference ,observer ,Kalman filter ,virtual patient ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
This paper investigates the feasibility of detecting and estimating the rate of internal hemorrhage based on continuous noninvasive hematocrit measurement. A unique challenge in hematocrit-based hemorrhage detection is that hematocrit decreases in response to hemorrhage and resuscitation with fluids, which makes hemorrhage detection during resuscitation challenging. We developed two sequential inference algorithms for detection of internal hemorrhage based on the Luenberger observer and the extended Kalman filter. The sequential inference algorithms use fluid resuscitation dose and hematocrit measurement as inputs to generate signatures to enable detection of internal hemorrhage. In the case of the extended Kalman filter, the signature is nothing but inferred hemorrhage rate, which allows it to also estimate internal hemorrhage rate. We evaluated the proof-of-concept of these algorithms based on in silico evaluation in 100 virtual patients subject to diverse hemorrhage and resuscitation rates. The results showed that the sequential inference algorithms outperformed naïve internal hemorrhage detection based on the decrease in hematocrit when hematocrit noise level was 1% (average F1 score: Luenberger observer 0.80; extended Kalman filter 0.76; hematocrit 0.59). Relative to the Luenberger observer, the extended Kalman filter demonstrated comparable internal hemorrhage detection performance and superior accuracy in estimating the hemorrhage rate. The analysis of the dependence of the sequential inference algorithms on measurement noise and plant parametric uncertainty showed that small (≤1%) hematocrit noise level and personalization of sequential inference algorithms may enable continuous noninvasive detection of internal hemorrhage and estimation of its rate.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Recommendations for successful virtual patient‐assisted esthetic implant rehabilitation: A guide for optimal function and clinical efficiency.
- Author
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Li, Junying, Joda, Tim, Revilla‐León, Marta, Saleh, Muhammad H. A., Chen, Zhaozhao, and Wang, Hom‐Lay
- Subjects
- *
DENTAL implants , *STRUCTURAL models , *COSMETIC dentistry , *WORKFLOW , *MEDICAL protocols , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *DENTAL arch , *DENTAL fillings , *TELEMEDICINE - Abstract
Objective: Complete arch implant rehabilitation necessitates meticulous treatment planning and high‐level collaboration between surgical and prosthetic dental teams. Emerging virtual technologies hold considerable promise in streamlining this process. The aim of this article is to extend recommendations to clinicians venturing into the virtual patient‐assisted esthetic implant rehabilitation workflow. Overview: This article summarizes recommendations for virtual patient‐assisted esthetic implant rehabilitation in the following five aspects: three‐dimensional data handling and superimposition, occlusion and virtual articulator integration in creating virtual patients, streamlined face‐ and prosthetic‐driven surgical planning, reuse of presurgical data ("Copy & Paste"), and final impression for passive fitting of final restoration. To illustrate these principles, a case with complete‐mouth implant rehabilitation completed within six visits using this virtual patient workflow is presented. Conclusion: The virtual patient workflow serves as an invaluable tool to perform treatment planning, enhance efficiency, and ensure predictable outcomes in esthetic complete arch implant rehabilitation. Clinical Significance: Virtual workflows are increasingly prevalent in esthetic implant rehabilitation. Nevertheless, these workflows necessitate a distinct set of knowledge and tools divergent from conventional dentistry practices. This article offers guidelines and recommendations for dental clinicians who are new to this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Cone Beam Computed Tomography and Virtual Cloning: A Review.
- Author
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Sarkar, Anand Shankar, Hegde, Shruthi, Ajila, Vidya, and Darwin, Deepthi
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DIGITAL image processing ,THREE-dimensional imaging ,VIRTUAL reality ,DENTAL offices ,DENTAL radiography ,WORKFLOW ,RADIOLOGIC technology ,COMPUTED tomography ,MEDICAL digital radiography ,COMPUTER-assisted image analysis (Medicine) ,THREE-dimensional printing ,SCANNING systems - Abstract
With the use of technologies, dental office workflow is moving toward a more efficient and cost-effective approach. Digitalization of dental records and computer-assisted imaging techniques have simplified workflow. Innovation and introduction of cone beam computed tomography, proface (facial three-dimensional [3D] soft-tissue capture), intraoral scan, planning software, and 3D printers has changed the dental profession. Clinical practice uses virtual workflows, and digital dentistry is a new development. The purpose of this article is to update the dental professionals with different available technologies for the creation of a virtual patient and digital tools that can be used for diagnosis, treatment planning, and follow-up of patients. The advantages of digital dentistry and future scope are highlighted in this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
- Full Text
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21. Virtual Patient Simulation Offers an Objective Assessment of CME Activity by Improving Clinical Knowledge and the Levels of Competency of Healthcare Providers.
- Author
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Iancu, Igal, Zehavi, Liron, and Draznin, Boris
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- *
MEDICAL personnel , *SIMULATED patients , *PHYSICIANS , *CONTINUING medical education , *TYPE 2 diabetes , *NURSE practitioners - Abstract
The main goal of continuing medical education (CME) is to help healthcare providers (HCP) improve their knowledge and levels of competency with an ultimate enhancement of their performance in practice. Despite the long and well-intentional history of CME, the proof of success (based on improved clinical outcomes) is difficult to obtain objectively. In the past several years, the traditional CME world has been disrupted by replacing multiple-choice questions with virtual simulation. We utilised an innovative, next-generation virtual patient simulation (VPS) platform to develop objective measures to assess the success of educational activities that can be applied to the CME. This VPS platform was used at five distinct educational events designed to assess learners' knowledge and competency in the guideline-driven management of Type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, and hypertension. A total of 432 learners (medical doctors, nurse practitioners, and clinical pharmacists) participated in these educational events of whom 149 went through two consecutive cases with a similar clinical picture and educational goals. Their ability to achieve glycaemic, lipid, and blood pressure control improved significantly as they moved from the first to the second case. The participants improved their test performance in all categories – between 5 and 38%, achieving statistically significant increases in the many goals examined. In conclusion, this study employed the pioneering application of technology to produce, collect and analyse the VPS data to evaluate objectively educational activities. This VPS platform allows not only an objective assessment of the effectiveness of the CME activity but also provides timely and helpful feedback to both learners and providers of a given educational event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Pacientul Virtual: O Aplicaţie Promiţătoare a Inteligenţei Artificiale în Domeniul Stomatologiei.
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Vatamanu, Oana Elena Burlacu, Drafta, Sergiu, Babiuc, Iuliana, David, Mihai, and Cristache, Corina Marilena
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Copyright of dentalTarget is the property of dentalTarget and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2023
23. Implementation of Design Principles for Virtual Patient Simulation in Interprofessional Education
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Sumunar, Dimas S. E. W., Stathakarou, Natalia, Kononowicz, Andrzej A., Karlgren, Klas, Claramita, Mora, editor, Soemantri, Diantha, editor, Hidayah, Rachmadya Nur, editor, Findyartini, Ardi, editor, and Samarasekera, Dujeepa D., editor
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- 2023
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24. The Impact of Technological Innovation on Dentistry
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Zimmermann, Richard, Seitz, Stefanie, Crusio, Wim E., Series Editor, Dong, Haidong, Series Editor, Radeke, Heinfried H., Series Editor, Rezaei, Nima, Series Editor, Steinlein, Ortrud, Series Editor, Xiao, Junjie, Series Editor, Abdel Meguid, Eiman, editor, Mishall, Priti L., editor, Nation, Haley L., editor, and Rea, Paul M., editor
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- 2023
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25. Mobile Healthcare Application for Virtual Patient Monitoring System
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Raykar, Suneeta, Shet, Vinayak, Tavares, João Manuel R. S., Series Editor, Jorge, Renato Natal, Series Editor, Frangi, Alejandro, Editorial Board Member, BAJAJ, CHANDRAJIT, Editorial Board Member, Onate, Eugenio, Editorial Board Member, Perales, Francisco José, Editorial Board Member, Holzapfel, Gerhard A., Editorial Board Member, Vilas-Boas, João, Editorial Board Member, Weiss, Jeffrey, Editorial Board Member, Middleton, John, Editorial Board Member, Garcia Aznar, Jose Manuel, Editorial Board Member, Nithiarasu, Perumal, Editorial Board Member, Tamma, Kumar K., Editorial Board Member, Cohen, Laurent, Editorial Board Member, Doblare, Manuel, Editorial Board Member, Prendergast, Patrick J., Editorial Board Member, Löhner, Rainald, Editorial Board Member, Kamm, Roger, Editorial Board Member, Li, Shuo, Editorial Board Member, Hughes, Thomas J.R., Editorial Board Member, Zhang, Yongjie, Editorial Board Member, Gupta, Mousumi, editor, Ghatak, Sujata, editor, Gupta, Amlan, editor, and Mukherjee, Abir Lal, editor
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- 2023
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26. Virtual versus paper-based PBL in a pulmonology course for medical undergraduates
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Heba H. Abo Elnaga, Manal Basyouni Ahmed, Marwa Saad Fathi, and Sanaa Eissa
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Problem-based learning ,Virtual patient ,Medical education ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Problem-based learning (PBL) remains a valid and effective tool for small-group medical education. Using Virtual patients (VP) case simulation in PBL is a recognizable educational method that has successfully prepared students to focus learning on core information that uses realistic patient-based cases relating to everyday clinical scenarios. Using other modalities as the virtual patient in PBL instead of the paper-based methods remains debatable. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of using VP case simulation mannequin in PBL versus the PBL in paper-based cases in improving the cognitive skills by comparing the grades of a multiple-choice question test and assess its ability to reach students' satisfaction using questionnaire with Likert survey instrument. Methods The study was conducted on 459 fourth-year medical students studying in the pulmonology module of the internal medicine course, Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University. All students were divided into 16 PBL classes and randomly divided into groups A and B by simple manual randomization. The groups were parallel with a controlled cross-over study between paper-based and virtual patient PBL. Results The pre-test showed no significant difference between both, while post-test scores were significantly higher in both VP PBL cases 1 discussing COPD (6.25 ± 0.875) and case 2 discussing pneumonia (6.56 ± 1.396) compared to paper-based PBL (5.29 ± 1.166, 5.57 ± SD1.388, respectively) at p
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- 2023
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27. Educators’ perspectives of adopting virtual patient online learning tools to teach clinical reasoning in medical schools: a qualitative study
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A.P Kassianos, R Plackett, M.A Kambouri, and J Sheringham
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Simulation learning ,Clinical reasoning ,Adoption ,Implementation framework ,Online learning ,Virtual patient ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Learning tools using virtual patients can be used to teach clinical reasoning (CR) skills and overcome limitations of using face-to-face methods. However, the adoption of new tools is often challenging. The aim of this study was to explore UK medical educators’ perspectives of what influences the adoption of virtual patient learning tools to teach CR. Methods A qualitative research study using semi-structured telephone interviews with medical educators in the UK with control over teaching materials of CR was conducted. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), commonly used in healthcare services implementation research was adapted to inform the analysis. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Results Thirteen medical educators participated in the study. Three themes were identified from the data that influenced adoption: the wider context (outer setting); perceptions about the innovation; and the medical school (inner context). Participants’ recognition of situations as opportunities or barriers related to their prior experiences of implementing online learning tools. For example, participants with experience of teaching using online tools viewed limited face-to-face placements as opportunities to introduce innovations using virtual patients. Beliefs that virtual patients may not mirror real-life consultations and perceptions of a lack of evidence for them could be barriers to adoption. Adoption was also influenced by the implementation climate of the setting, including positioning of CR in curricula; relationships between faculty, particularly where faculty were dispersed. Conclusions By adapting an implementation framework for health services, we were able to identify features of educators, teaching processes and medical schools that may determine the adoption of teaching innovations using virtual patients. These include access to face-to-face teaching opportunities, positioning of clinical reasoning in the curriculum, relationship between educators and institutions and decision-making processes. Framing virtual patient learning tools as additional rather than as a replacement for face-to-face teaching could reduce resistance. Our adapted framework from healthcare implementation science may be useful in future studies of implementation in medical education.
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- 2023
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28. Learning and clinical reasoning experience of second-year medical pharmacology students and teachers with virtual patients developed using OpenLabyrinth.
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Kamath, Ashwin and Ullal, Sheetal D.
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COMPUTER simulation , *PILOT projects , *HEALTH occupations students , *PSYCHOLOGY of teachers , *LEARNING , *PHARMACISTS , *EXPERIENCE , *STUDENTS , *EDUCATIONAL technology , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *MEDICAL logic - Abstract
Objective: To determine the perceived usefulness of a virtual case scenario developed and delivered through the OpenLabyrinth platform among medical students and teachers. Methods: 20 second-year medical students and 12 teachers of pharmacology were invited to complete a virtual case scenario exercise. The participants accessed the case scenario using their laptops or mobile devices. Participants' feedback was obtained using the electronic virtual patient consortium-developed questionnaire. Results: 19 students and 12 teachers provided feedback. All the faculty members and 95% of students felt that they had to make the same decisions a doctor would have to make in real life; 'authenticity of patient encounter' received the highest percentage of positive responses and 'the learning effect' the least. Conclusions: The feedback obtained suggests that virtual case scenarios are likely to be well received by students and teachers. The availability of open-source software enables the use of this technology in resource-limited settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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29. 동적 교합을 나타내는 가상 환자의 형성을 통한 심미적인 전치부 보철 수복 증례.
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신윤정, 이청희, and 이두형
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Recently, a method of fabricating an esthetic anterior fixed prosthesis by integrating data such as three-dimensional facial scan and jaw motion to form a virtual patient with dynamic occlusion has been introduced. This enables smooth communication with patients during the diagnosis process, improves the predictability of esthetic prosthetic treatment, and lowers the possibility of occlusal adjustment. In this case report, a virtual patient with dynamic occlusion was created in which the results of the treatment were simulated, and esthetic maxillary anterior fixed prosthesis was fabricated. With the aid of the virtual patient, the final restorations were satisfactory both in terms of esthetic and function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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30. 동적 교합을 나타내는 가상 환자의 형성을 통한 심미적인 전치 부 보철 수복 증례.
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구필준, 최유성, 이종혁, and 하승룡
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Recently, a method of fabricating an esthetic anterior fixed prosthesis by integrating data such as three-dimensional facial scan and jaw motion to form a virtual patient with dynamic occlusion has been introduced. This enables smooth communication with patients during the diagnosis process, improves the predictability of esthetic prosthetic treatment, and lowers the possibility of occlusal adjustment. In this case report, a virtual patient with dynamic occlusion was created in which the results of the treatment were simulated, and esthetic maxillary anterior fixed prosthesis was fabricated. With the aid of the virtual patient, the final restorations were satisfactory both in terms of esthetic and function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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31. A systematic review on the use of virtual patient and computer-based simulation for experiential pharmacy education
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Chamipa Phanudulkitti, Surangkana Puengrung, Rittnarong Meepong, Kathryn Vanderboll, Karen Bell Farris, and Sarah E. Vordenberg
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Virtual patient ,Computer-based simulation ,Experiential education ,Student pharmacists ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Background: Simulation use is rapidly expanding, with technologies like virtual patients (VPs) and computer-based simulation (CBS) allowing for educators to equip pharmacy students with the necessary skills that are aligned with the demands and expectations of a practicing pharmacy professional. These technologies enable pharmacy students to be exposed to challenging or infrequent patient case scenarios in an authentic pharmacy setting. This allows for the reinforcing of care processes and for techniques and crucial skills to be applied. Aim of the study: To consolidate the existing evidence regarding the utilization of VPs and CBS in preparing and supporting students in pharmacy experiential education and evaluate the effectiveness of these approaches in enhancing student pharmacists' learning outcomes, including knowledge, skills, confidence, enjoyment, and engagement. Methods: Five electronic databases were searched using combined keyword and indexing terms (when available) with Boolean operators for the literature search. Studies that reported or investigated the use of VPs and CBS in pharmacy experiential education were included. Data on study design, demographics of participants, information on the interventions, course/skills, primary and secondary outcomes, and qualitative findings were extracted. Results: A total of 911 unique articles were initially identified and filtered down to 19 articles fitting within the inclusion criteria. The selected 19 articles involved student pharmacists (Y1-Y5) and pre-registered pharmacists from ten countries. Simulation tools were used in various pharmacy courses, including Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE), Advanced Pharmaceutical Care II, and Medication Management. Implementing these tools in pharmacy experiential education demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in student knowledge (p
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- 2023
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32. A digital workflow to predict facial aesthetics in patients with maxillofacial trauma with implant retained prostheses.
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Jing Wang, Yan-Xin An, Yu-Lin Shi, Li-Peng Liu, Yu-Qing Zhao, Fan Wu, and Hong-Bo Wei
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DIGITAL dental impression systems ,CONE beam computed tomography ,MAXILLOFACIAL prosthesis ,PROSTHETICS ,DENTURES ,SIMULATED patients ,WORKFLOW - Abstract
Purpose: To introduce a digital workflow for the prediction of facial aesthetics, especially in patients with dentation deformity caused by maxillofacial trauma. Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and three-dimensional facial scans of patients with radiographic prostheses were collected. The aforementioned data were uploaded to ProPlan CMF software and merged to generate a virtual patient with craniofacial hard tissue, realistic facial soft tissue, and remaining dentition. The radiographic prostheses were scanned to form a digital cast, which was fitted with its CBCT image to create the virtual prostheses. Postoperative facial soft tissue was simulated according to the movement of the virtual prostheses. An appropriate virtual diagnostic prosthesis plan was selected by the patient and dentist. Subsequently, prosthetically driven implant guide and restoration were designed and fabricated. Conclusions: A virtual patient was successfully constructed. A 4-mm protrusion of the virtual prosthesis was chosen. Subsequently, implant surgery was performed, and dental prostheses were fabricated based on this location. The fusion of the postoperative facial scan and preoperative facial prediction was found to be coincident. This technique can effectively predict facial aesthetic features of patients with maxillofacial trauma, facilitate communication with patients, reduce chairside time, and guide the multidisciplinary design of implant placement and restoration fabrication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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33. Facial scanning technologies in the era of digital workflow: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.
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Antonacci, Donato, Caponio, Vito Carlo Alberto, Troiano, Giuseppe, Pompeo, Mario Giulio, Gianfreda, Francesco, and Canullo, Luigi
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OPTICAL scanners ,DIGITAL technology ,WORKFLOW ,SCANNING systems ,PHOTOGRAMMETRY - Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this network meta-analysis is to evaluate the accuracy of various face-scanning technologies in the market, with respect to the different dimensions of space (x, y, and z axes). Furthermore, attention will be paid to the type of technologies currently used and to the best practices for high-quality scan acquisition. Material and Methods: The review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines and its updates. A thorough search was performed using the digital databases MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials by entering research lines or various combinations of free words. The main keywords used during the search process were "photogrammetry", "laser scanner", "optical scanner", "3D", and "face". Results: None of the included technologies significantly deviated from direct anthropometry. The obtained mean differences in the distances between the considered landmarks range from 1.10 to -1.74 mm. Conclusions: Limiting the movements of the patient and scanner allows for more accurate facial scans with all the technologies involved. Active technologies such as laser scanners (LS), structured light (SL), and infrared structured light (ISL) have accuracy comparable to that of static stereophotogrammetry while being more cost-effective and less time-consuming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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34. Developing an Artificial Intelligence-Based Representation of a Virtual Patient Model for Real-Time Diagnosis of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.
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Barakat, Chadi S., Sharafutdinov, Konstantin, Busch, Josefine, Saffaran, Sina, Bates, Declan G., Hardman, Jonathan G., Schuppert, Andreas, Brynjólfsson, Sigurður, Fritsch, Sebastian, and Riedel, Morris
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- *
ARTIFICIAL intelligence , *ADULT respiratory distress syndrome , *SIMULATED patients , *INTENSIVE care patients , *DIAGNOSIS - Abstract
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a condition that endangers the lives of many Intensive Care Unit patients through gradual reduction of lung function. Due to its heterogeneity, this condition has been difficult to diagnose and treat, although it has been the subject of continuous research, leading to the development of several tools for modeling disease progression on the one hand, and guidelines for diagnosis on the other, mainly the "Berlin Definition". This paper describes the development of a deep learning-based surrogate model of one such tool for modeling ARDS onset in a virtual patient: the Nottingham Physiology Simulator. The model-development process takes advantage of current machine learning and data-analysis techniques, as well as efficient hyperparameter-tuning methods, within a high-performance computing-enabled data science platform. The lightweight models developed through this process present comparable accuracy to the original simulator (per-parameter R2 > 0.90). The experimental process described herein serves as a proof of concept for the rapid development and dissemination of specialised diagnosis support systems based on pre-existing generalised mechanistic models, making use of supercomputing infrastructure for the development and testing processes and supported by open-source software for streamlined implementation in clinical routines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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35. Virtual versus paper-based PBL in a pulmonology course for medical undergraduates.
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Elnaga, Heba H. Abo, Ahmed, Manal Basyouni, Fathi, Marwa Saad, and Eissa, Sanaa
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SIMULATED patients ,MEDICAL students ,PROBLEM-based learning ,PULMONOLOGY ,MEDICAL education ,COGNITIVE styles - Abstract
Background: Problem-based learning (PBL) remains a valid and effective tool for small-group medical education. Using Virtual patients (VP) case simulation in PBL is a recognizable educational method that has successfully prepared students to focus learning on core information that uses realistic patient-based cases relating to everyday clinical scenarios. Using other modalities as the virtual patient in PBL instead of the paper-based methods remains debatable. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of using VP case simulation mannequin in PBL versus the PBL in paper-based cases in improving the cognitive skills by comparing the grades of a multiple-choice question test and assess its ability to reach students' satisfaction using questionnaire with Likert survey instrument. Methods: The study was conducted on 459 fourth-year medical students studying in the pulmonology module of the internal medicine course, Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University. All students were divided into 16 PBL classes and randomly divided into groups A and B by simple manual randomization. The groups were parallel with a controlled cross-over study between paper-based and virtual patient PBL. Results: The pre-test showed no significant difference between both, while post-test scores were significantly higher in both VP PBL cases 1 discussing COPD (6.25 ± 0.875) and case 2 discussing pneumonia (6.56 ± 1.396) compared to paper-based PBL (5.29 ± 1.166, 5.57 ± SD1.388, respectively) at p < 0.1 When students in Group A experienced PBL using VP in case 2 after paper-based PBL in case 1, their post-test score improved significantly. (from 5.26 to 6.56, p <.01). Meanwhile, there was a significant regression in the post-test score of the students in Group B when they experienced the paper-based PBL session in case 2 after using PBL using VP in case 1, (from 6.26 to 5.57, p <.01). Most of the students recommended using VP in PBL as they found VP was more engaging and inducing concentration in gathering the information needed to characterize the patient's problem than in a classroom- paper-based cases session. They also enjoyed the teaching of the instructor and found it a suitable learning style for them. Conclusion: Implementing virtual patients in PBL increased knowledge acquisition and understanding in medical students and was more motivating for students than paper based PBL to gather the needed information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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36. Educators' perspectives of adopting virtual patient online learning tools to teach clinical reasoning in medical schools: a qualitative study.
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Kassianos, A.P, Plackett, R, Kambouri, M.A, and Sheringham, J
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SIMULATED patients ,MEDICAL logic ,MEDICAL schools ,ONLINE education ,MEDICAL teaching personnel ,EDUCATORS - Abstract
Background: Learning tools using virtual patients can be used to teach clinical reasoning (CR) skills and overcome limitations of using face-to-face methods. However, the adoption of new tools is often challenging. The aim of this study was to explore UK medical educators' perspectives of what influences the adoption of virtual patient learning tools to teach CR. Methods: A qualitative research study using semi-structured telephone interviews with medical educators in the UK with control over teaching materials of CR was conducted. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), commonly used in healthcare services implementation research was adapted to inform the analysis. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Results: Thirteen medical educators participated in the study. Three themes were identified from the data that influenced adoption: the wider context (outer setting); perceptions about the innovation; and the medical school (inner context). Participants' recognition of situations as opportunities or barriers related to their prior experiences of implementing online learning tools. For example, participants with experience of teaching using online tools viewed limited face-to-face placements as opportunities to introduce innovations using virtual patients. Beliefs that virtual patients may not mirror real-life consultations and perceptions of a lack of evidence for them could be barriers to adoption. Adoption was also influenced by the implementation climate of the setting, including positioning of CR in curricula; relationships between faculty, particularly where faculty were dispersed. Conclusions: By adapting an implementation framework for health services, we were able to identify features of educators, teaching processes and medical schools that may determine the adoption of teaching innovations using virtual patients. These include access to face-to-face teaching opportunities, positioning of clinical reasoning in the curriculum, relationship between educators and institutions and decision-making processes. Framing virtual patient learning tools as additional rather than as a replacement for face-to-face teaching could reduce resistance. Our adapted framework from healthcare implementation science may be useful in future studies of implementation in medical education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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37. Virtual patient in interactive learning environments: a review of 1989–2020 publications in selected SSCI journals.
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Su, Wen-Song and Chang, Ching-Yi
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SIMULATED patients , *INTERACTIVE learning , *SOCIAL network analysis , *BIBLIOMETRICS , *MEDICAL education - Abstract
This study uses bibliometrics and social network analysis methods to investigate the characteristics of the most cited research papers in the Web of Science (WoS) database in virtual patient (VP) studies in interactive learning environments. We identify the most cited studies from the WoS database and then visualize and analyze the research data using bibliometric analysis and VOSviewer. The studies in the dataset were published in 294 different journals in 17 countries between 1989 and 2020. The highest-volume journal was found to be Medical Teacher, and the United States (US) was the country with the highest yield of published studies. The most frequent keywords were virtual patients, simulation, virtual reality, and medical education. The research results show that publishing articles in journals with high impact factors improves the quality of research. The trends in VP research further lay the foundation of bibliometrics for scholars and identify researchers, scientific journals, countries, hot topics, and relevant fields for VP literature. The most cited research uncovers new horizons in the field, providing research inspiration for investigators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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38. Exploring challenges and mitigation strategies towards practicing Teledentistry
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Ayesha Fahim, Zakia Saleem, Khizar Ansar Malik, Komal Atta, Rizwan Mahmood, Mohammad Khursheed Alam, and Ahsan Sethi
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Challenges ,Solutions ,Teledentistry ,Telehealth ,Virtual patient ,Virtual dentistry ,Dentistry ,RK1-715 - Abstract
Abstract Background Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, many dentists have opted for Teledentistry as a mechanism for patient consultation, oral lesion evaluation, diagnosis, and monitoring. The current study explores the challenges faced and potential solutions proposed by dentists practicing Teledentistry in a developing country like Pakistan. Methods A qualitative case study was carried out from January to December 2021. A purposive maximum variation sample of 10 dentists was interviewed in two focus groups. The interview guide was developed using the technology–organization–environment framework. The data was transcribed verbatim using otter.ai. The analysis involved immersion in the data and open coding. The conceptually related codes were synthesized into themes and subthemes. Findings The study found various Personnel, Technological and Organizational challenges, and potential solutions from those practicing Teledentistry. The challenges included operational cost, minimal financial returns, lack of awareness, hardware and software support, and other challenges related to the availability of specialization, accessibility, and institutional encouragement. They suggested Institutional Based Practice, staff training, hiring, development of government regulations, and supporting infrastructures such as designated space, central registry, internet, and using/building software to provide 3D images as solutions. Conclusion Teledentists face Personnel, Technological and Organizational challenges and related potential solutions from those practicing Teledentistry in Pakistan. Government should encourage Teledentistry to reduce long-term costs, encourage preventive services and enable rural access to dental care. They should also involve all stakeholders to develop regulations for practicing Teledentistry in Pakistan.
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- 2022
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39. Facial Scanners in Dentistry: An Overview
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Jason D. Lee, Olivia Nguyen, Yu-Chun Lin, Dianne Luu, Susie Kim, Ashley Amini, and Sang J. Lee
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facial scanner ,dentistry ,prosthodontics ,history ,diagnosis ,virtual patient ,Medicine - Abstract
Purpose: This narrative review aims to explore the current status of facial scanning technology in the dental field; outlining the history, mechanisms, and current evidence regarding its use and limitations within digital dentistry. Methods: Subtopics within facial scanner technology in dentistry were identified and divided among four reviewers. Electronic searches of the Medline (PubMed) database were performed with the following search terms: facial scanner, dentistry, prosthodontics, virtual patient, sleep apnea, maxillofacial prosthetics, accuracy. For this review only studies or review papers evaluating facial scanning technology for dental or medical applications were included. A total of 44 articles were included. Due to the narrative nature of this review, no formal evidence-based quality assessment was performed and the search was limited to the English language. No further restrictions were applied. Results: The significance, applications, limitations, and future directions of facial scanning technology were reviewed. Specific subtopics include significant history of facial scanner use and development for dentistry, different types and mechanisms used in facial scanning technology, accuracy of scanning technology, use as a diagnostic tool, use in creating a virtual patient, virtual articulation, smile design, diagnosing and treating obstructive sleep apnea, limitations of scanning technology, and future directions with artificial intelligence. Conclusions: Despite limitations in scan quality and software operation, 3D facial scanners are rapid and non-invasive tools that can be utilized in multiple facets of dental care. Facial scanners can serve an invaluable role in the digital workflow by capturing facial records to facilitate interdisciplinary communication, virtual articulation, smile design, and obstructive sleep apnea diagnosis and treatment. Looking into the future, facial scanning technology has promising applications in the fields of craniofacial research, and prosthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.
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- 2022
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40. Effect of different teaching/learning approaches using virtual patients on student’s situational interest and cognitive load: a comparative study
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Sura Ali Fuoad, Walid El-Sayed, and Hesham Marei
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Virtual patient ,Situational interest ,Cognitive load ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Virtual Patients (VPs) have been receiving considerable attention in medical education as an authentic learning and teaching approach. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of using different approaches of conduction of virtual patients (VPs) on students’ cognitive load and situational interest. Methods The study is an experimental study. Two different cohorts have participated during the academic year 2019/2020 and 2020/2021. The first cohort (Group 1) was exposed to a lecture followed by an independent VPs session, and the second cohort (Group 2) was exposed to a collaborative VPs session. The situational interest and Cognitive load were compared between the two groups. All sessions are about one topic related to maxillofacial trauma. Results Findings showed that there was no significant difference between the median score of the situational interest at repeated time points during the Collaborative VPs (Group 2). However, in group 1, there was a significant difference between the median score of situational interest at repeated time points during independent VPs where the lowest score was found to be at the end of the session. Also, results showed that the collaborative VPs (Group 2) showed a high median score of situational interest than both lecture and independent VPs (Group 1). Furthermore, the study showed that there is no significant difference in the intrinsic cognitive load among the three sessions. However, the extraneous cognitive load was low in collaborative VPs (Group 2) than in both lecture and independent VPs sessions (Group 1). Conclusion The use of VPs in a collaborative interactive learning activity is more effective than its use as an independent learning activity in enhancing students’ situational interest and reducing cognitive load. However, giving independent VPs after the lecture with the same topic is considered a limitation of the study as this can affect the situational interest of the students by filling their gab of knowledge.
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- 2022
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41. Application of 3D Reconstruction in Pediatric Urology
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Lachkar, Amane Allah, Soler, Luc, Becmeur, François, Esposito, Ciro, editor, Subramaniam, Ramnath, editor, Varlet, François, editor, and Masieri, Lorenzo, editor
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- 2022
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42. Real-Time Spoken Language Understanding for Orthopedic Clinical Training in Virtual Reality
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Ng, Han Wei, Koh, Aiden, Foong, Anthea, Ong, Jeremy, Tan, Jun Hao, Khoo, Eng Tat, Liu, Gabriel, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Rodrigo, Maria Mercedes, editor, Matsuda, Noburu, editor, Cristea, Alexandra I., editor, and Dimitrova, Vania, editor
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- 2022
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43. Prototyping the Virtual Reality-Based NIHSS Stroke Assessment Training System
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Li, Wei-Jung, Chen, Chien-Hsu, Sung, Pi-Shan, Chang, Yu-Ming, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, and Kurosu, Masaaki, editor
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- 2022
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44. Stochastic Identification and Kalman Filter for Blood Glucose Estimation
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Tavarez, Jesus R., Sanchez, Irma Y., Maldonado, Victor A., Montes, Martin, Ortiz, Raul A., Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Flores Rodríguez, Karen Lizbeth, editor, Ramos Alvarado, Raymundo, editor, Barati, Masoud, editor, Segovia Tagle, Veronica, editor, and Velázquez González, Roberto Sostrand, editor
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- 2022
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45. Immersive virtual patient simulation compared with traditional education for clinical reasoning: a pilot randomised controlled study.
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Bonnin, Claire, Pejoan, Dominique, Ranvial, Eric, Marchat, Méryl, Andrieux, Nicolas, Fourcade, Laurent, and Perrochon, Anaick
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SIMULATED patients , *MEDICAL logic , *PSYCHOLOGY of students , *BACK to basics (Education) , *MEDICAL students , *CLINICAL education - Abstract
Immersive virtual patient simulation could help medical students in clinical reasoning, but there is a lack of literature on the effectiveness of this method in healthcare learning. A pilot randomised controlled study compared performance (exam score) on a clinical case in immersive virtual simulation to a text for physiotherapy students. In the experimental group, the clinical case was presented by an immersive 360° video that students watched with a standalone headset, whereas the control group used the text only. A survey investigated students' perceptions of the clinical case, their experience of virtual reality, and sense of presence. Twenty-three students in immersive virtual reality had a significantly lower total score than 25 students with a text. This difference appeared in the assessment part of a clinical case. More precisely, it concerned patient history (including a few other elements of assessment and bio-psycho-social factors, p = 0.007). Satisfaction and motivation were strong in the experimental group. In conclusion, the performance was higher in text than in virtual reality situations. Nevertheless, immersive virtual patient simulation remains an interesting tool could train novices to follow history-taking skills of a new patient, as similar to a real-life situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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46. Influence of the Number of Teeth and Location of the Virtual Occlusal Record on the Accuracy of the Maxillo‐Mandibular Relationship Obtained by Using An Intraoral Scanner.
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Revilla‐León, Marta, Alonso Pérez‐Barquero, Jorge, Zubizarreta‐Macho, Álvaro, Barmak, Abdul B., Att, Wael, and Kois, John C.
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MOLARS ,TEETH ,SCANNING systems ,BICUSPIDS ,TWO-way analysis of variance - Abstract
Purpose: To assess the influence of the number of teeth (2, 3, or 4) and location (molars, molar and premolar, or premolars and canines) of the bilateral virtual occlusal record on the accuracy of the virtual maxillo‐mandibular relationship acquired by an intraoral scanner (IOS). Material and methods: Diagnostic casts mounted on a semi‐adjustable articulator were obtained. Four markers were adhered on the facial surfaces of the first molars and canines. The mounted casts were digitized using an extraoral scanner. Maxillary and mandibular intraoral digital scans were obtained using an intraoral scanner (TRIOS 4). The maxillary and mandibular digital scans were duplicated 105 times and divided into 7 groups based on the number of teeth (2, 3, or 4) and location (molar, molar and premolar, or premolars and canines) of the bilateral virtual occlusal records (n = 15). The alignment of the scans was automatically performed after the acquisition of the corresponding occlusal records by the IOS program. Eight linear distances between the gauge balls were computed on the reference scan and on the 105 digital scans. The distances obtained on the reference scan were used to calculate the discrepancies with the distances obtained on each experimental scan. The Shapiro‐Wilk test showed that the data was normally distributed. The trueness and precision data were analyzed using 2‐way ANOVA followed by pairwise comparison Tukey tests (α = 0.05). Results: Two‐way ANOVA showed that the number of teeth (p < 0.001) and the position of the virtual occlusal record (p < 0.001) were significant factors on the accuracy of the maxillo‐mandibular relationship. Tukey test showed significant overall mean differences between the different groups tested: the 4‐teeth group obtained the highest trueness, and the 2‐teeth group showed the lowest trueness values (p < 0.001). Tukey test showed significant trueness differences between the virtual occlusal record locations. The 2‐teeth record located more posteriorly obtained the lowest trueness. Significant differences in precision values were found among the subgroups tested (p < 0.001). The 2‐teeth group obtained significantly more precision values than the 3‐ and 4‐teeth groups. Additionally, there was a significant difference in precision values between the subgroup tested in which the first molar and second premolar location had the highest precision, while the first and second premolar's location obtained the lowest precision. Conclusions: The number of teeth and the location of the bilateral virtual occlusal record influenced the accuracy of the virtual maxillo‐mandibular relationship obtained by the intraoral scanner tested. The more teeth included in the bilateral virtual occlusal record, the higher the accuracy of the maxillo‐mandibular relationship. Additionally, the more anteriorly located the virtual bilateral occlusal record involving 2 or 3 teeth was, the higher the accuracy mean value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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47. Computer-Based Simulators in Pharmacy Practice Education: A Systematic Narrative Review.
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Gharib, Ahmed M., Bindoff, Ivan K., Peterson, Gregory M., and Salahudeen, Mohammed S.
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PHARMACY education ,PHARMACY colleges ,CITATION analysis ,CINAHL database ,EDUCATIONAL literature ,COMMUNITIES - Abstract
Computer-based simulations may represent an innovative, flexible, and cost-efficient training approach that has been underutilised in pharmacy practice education. This may need to change, with increasing pressure on clinical placement availability, COVID-19 restrictions, and economic pressures to improve teaching efficiency. This systematic narrative review summarises various computer-based simulations described in the pharmacy practice education literature, identifies the currently available products, and highlights key characteristics. Five major databases were searched (Medline, CINAHL, ERIC, Education Source and Embase). Authors also manually reviewed the publication section of major pharmacy simulator websites and performed a citation analysis. We identified 49 studies describing 29 unique simulators, which met the inclusion criteria. Only eight of these simulators were found to be currently available. The characteristics of these eight simulators were examined through the lens of eight main criteria (feedback type, grading, user play mode, cost, operational requirement, community/hospital setting, scenario sharing option, and interaction elements). Although a number of systems have been developed and trialled, relatively few are available on the market, and each comes with benefits and drawbacks. Educators are encouraged to consider their own institutional, professional and curriculum needs, and determine which product best aligns with their teaching goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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48. The effectiveness of using virtual patient educational tools to improve medical students’ clinical reasoning skills: a systematic review
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Ruth Plackett, Angelos P. Kassianos, Sophie Mylan, Maria Kambouri, Rosalind Raine, and Jessica Sheringham
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Computer simulation ,Virtual patient ,Computer-assisted instruction ,Educational technology ,Medical education ,Clinical decision-making ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Use of virtual patient educational tools could fill the current gap in the teaching of clinical reasoning skills. However, there is a limited understanding of their effectiveness. The aim of this study was to synthesise the evidence to understand the effectiveness of virtual patient tools aimed at improving undergraduate medical students’ clinical reasoning skills. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, ERIC, Scopus, Web of Science and PsycINFO from 1990 to January 2022, to identify all experimental articles testing the effectiveness of virtual patient educational tools on medical students’ clinical reasoning skills. Quality of the articles was assessed using an adapted form of the MERSQI and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. A narrative synthesis summarised intervention features, how virtual patient tools were evaluated and reported effectiveness. Results The search revealed 8,186 articles, with 19 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. Average study quality was moderate (M = 6.5, SD = 2.7), with nearly half not reporting any measurement of validity or reliability for their clinical reasoning outcome measure (8/19, 42%). Eleven articles found a positive effect of virtual patient tools on reasoning (11/19, 58%). Four reported no significant effect and four reported mixed effects (4/19, 21%). Several domains of clinical reasoning were evaluated. Data gathering, ideas about diagnosis and patient management were more often found to improve after virtual patient use (34/47 analyses, 72%) than application of knowledge, flexibility in thinking and problem-solving (3/7 analyses, 43%). Conclusions Using virtual patient tools could effectively complement current teaching especially if opportunities for face-to-face teaching or other methods are limited, as there was some evidence that virtual patient educational tools can improve undergraduate medical students’ clinical reasoning skills. Evaluations that measured more case specific clinical reasoning domains, such as data gathering, showed more consistent improvement than general measures like problem-solving. Case specific measures might be more sensitive to change given the context dependent nature of clinical reasoning. Consistent use of validated clinical reasoning measures is needed to enable a meta-analysis to estimate effectiveness.
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- 2022
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49. Virtual medical learning: a comprehensive study on the role of new technologies
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Tang, Mi, Zhou, Hongmei, Yan, Qingyan, Li, Ruoyu, and Lu, Hui
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- 2022
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50. ВИРТУАЛЕН ПАЦИЕНТ В ОБУЧЕНИЕТО ПО МЕДИЦИНА.
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Кетев, К., Сандева, М., Бошева, М., and Маринов, Бл.
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EDUCATIONAL technology ,MEDICAL students ,MEDICAL history taking ,SIMULATED patients ,MEDICAL education ,OBSTETRICAL emergencies - Abstract
The use of simulation training in medicine has increased in recent decades including the integration of virtual patient simulators. This leads to a change in the traditional model of medical training. The digital technology integration in education has the potential to complement the work of assistant professors, create new educational opportunities and remove the barriers related to physical distance and those caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in the last two years. „Virtual Patient“ is defined as a specific type of computer-based program that simulates real clinical scenarios, which allows medical students to participate in medical history taking, performing a physical examination, also diagnosis and treatment virtually. We present a classification of virtual patient simulators and modern platforms, used in medical education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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