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[548] Vismia cayennensis (Jacq.) Pers. Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2 (1): 86 [Nov. 1806] (Persoon 1806). — Hypericum cayennense Jacq., Enum. Syst. Pl.: 28 [Aug.-Sep. 1760] (Jacquin 1760). — Caopia cayennensis (Jacq.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 58 [5 Nov. 1891] (Kuntze 1891). Hypericum eugeniifolium Willd. ex Spreng., Syst. Veg. [Sprengel] 3: 350 [Jan.-Mar. 1826] (Sprengel 1826), “ eugeniaefolium ”, nom. nud. pro syn. Vismia floribunda Sprague, Trans. & Proc. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh 22 (4): 428 (Sprague 1905). VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: suwimba, suwimpa • Ka: siwinyani, suwinyani enekan • Wp: suwilanɨ• Wn: osi epït • Nt: lebi pindya udu, pindya udu • Cr: bwa-dat • Br: lacre-branco. HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 108 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: The type from French Guiana (not traced); W. J. Hahn 3534. INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 3 trees in 2 plots; Fmax, Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 470, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777

Se realizo un estudio quimico y biologico preliminar de la especie Vismia cayennensis, colectada en el estado Amazonas, Venezuela. El ensayo antibacteriano (Bauer et al., 1966) del extracto de la corteza de la planta revelo una inhibicion significativa de los microorganismos Escherichia coli, Shigella sp. y Staphylococcus aureus. Ademas, tres de las cincos fracciones solubles en solventes de distintas polaridades, especificamente las de cloroformo, acetona y agua, mantuvieron de manera moderada, esta actividad frente a la cepa Shigella sp. El extracto hidroalcoholico de la planta y la fraccion soluble en cloroformo, exhibieron un efecto antiinflamatorio apreciable (Choi et al., 2004) . Los ensayos de citotoxicidad realizados por los metodos de (3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-5-(3-carboximetoxifenil)-2-(4-sulfofenil)-2H-tetrazolio)/metosulfato de fenazina (MTS/PMS) y sulforodamina B (Houghton et al., 2007; Promega Corporation, 2009) , revelaron que solo la fraccion soluble en agua presenta efecto citotoxico. Adicionalmente, se realizo un estudio fitoquimico (Marcano et al., 2002) obteniendose informacion de la presencia de algunas familias de metabolitos secundarios, tales como flavonoides, saponinas, taninos, polifenoles, antraquinonas, triterpenos y esteroles. Se puede inferir que la corteza del tallo de la planta V. cayennensis, es una fuente promisoria de metabolitos secundarios bioactivos. ABSTRACT A chemical and biological preliminary study of the species Vismia cayennensis , collected in the Amazonas state, Venezuela. The antibacterial test (Bauer et al ., 1966) of plant bark extract showed significant inhibition in Escherichia coli , Shigella sp and Staphylococcus aureus . In addition, three of the five soluble fractions of different polarity solvents, specifically those o f chloroform, acetone and water, maintained moderately active against Shigella sp strain. The hydroalcoholic extract of the plant and the fraction soluble in chlorofor m, exhibited a significant anti inflammatory effect (Choi et al., 2004). Cytotoxicity tests performed by the methods of (3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboximetoxifenil)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium)/phenazine methosulfate of (MTS/PMS) and sulforhodamine B (Houghton et al., 2007, Promega Corporation), revealed that only has water soluble cytotoxic effect. Additionally, a study phytochemical (Marcano et al ., 2002) obtained information on the presence of some families of secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, saponins, tannins, polyphenols, anthraquinones, triterpenes and sterols. It can be inferred that the stem bark of the plant V. cayennensis , is a promising source of bioactive secondary metabolites.

Estudou-se o comportamento alimentar de morcegos e o seu papel na dispersão de sementes de Vismia cayennensis na região de Manaus, Amazonas. As características da planta e dos frutos correspondem à síndrome de quiropterocoria. Cinco espécies de morcegos filostomídeos se alimentaram dos frutos: Sturnira lilium, Sturnira tildae, Artibeus concolor, Carollia perspicillata e Rhinophylla pumilio. Aparentemente, há uma relação entre o comportamento de forrageamento em grupos e a maior disponibilidade de frutos na primeira parte da noite. O comportamento alimentar foi semelhante para todas as espécies de morcegos, variando em função do modo de apresentação dos frutos. Os testes de germinação e os padrões de distribuição das plantas indicam que morcegos são os dispersores efetivos de V. cayennensis. We studied the feeding behavior of bats and their role in the seed dispersal of Vismia cayennensis in Manaus region, Amazonas State, northern Brazil. The characteristics of the plant and its fruits fit the chiropterocory syndrome. Five species of phyllostomid bats fed on Vismia fruits: Sturnira lilium, Sturnira tildae, Artibeus concolor, Carollia perspicillata and Rhinophylla pumilio. Apparently there is a relationship between flock foraging behavior and fruit availability in early night. The feeding behavior was similar for all bat species, varying with the presentation mode of the fruits. Seed germination tests and the distributional patterns of the plants indicate that bats are the dispersers of V. cayennensis.

Following anti-HIV bioassay-guided fractionation, four new prenylated benzophenones, vismiaphenones D-G (7-10), were isolated from extracts of leaves of Vismia cayennensis. The structures were elucidated by spectral analyses. Only vismiaphenone D (7) exhibited HIV-inhibitory activity in the NCI primary screen.

Estabelecimento de Vismia cayennensis (Jacq.) Pers. subsp. tenuinervia (van den Berg) van den Berg e sinonimização de Vísmia tenuínervia (E. v.d.Berg) N. Robson.

1,8-Dihydroxy-3-methyl-6-methoxyanthraquinone (physcion) and two derivatives, 7-( trans -3-methyl-1-butenyl)-physcion (vismiaquinone) and 7-(3-methyl-2-oxobutyl)-physcion (vismiaquinone B), were isolated respectively from Vismia cayennensis and V. japurensis .