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Adolescent mental health research highlights the importance of individual strengths and well-being, which have been organized by different conceptual models. The covitality model is one example that proposes a meta-construct integrating different domains. Even though some prior research examines the relationship between covitality and bullying, there is a research gap regarding the specific mechanisms involved. In this study, we examined how school bullying may be associated with covitality and life satisfaction and how this relationship may be mediated by school attachment. We used a multilevel analysis with 1,697 students (51% female, age: M = 12.25, SD = 2.11) from 62 classrooms in Chile. Our results show that at the individual level, victims of bullying report lower levels of well-being and covitality, which is explained by lower levels of school attachment. Bullying was also associated with higher levels of life satisfaction and covitality at the classroom level, and the relationship with covitality may also be partly explained by school attachment. These results underscore the importance of bullying prevention at the individual and the classroom level and the relevance of contextual variables in understanding its effects., Author(s): Jorge J. Varela [sup.1] , Pablo De Tezanos-Pinto [sup.2] , Paulina Guzmán [sup.1] , Francisca Cuevas-Pavincich [sup.1] , Mariavictoria Benavente [sup.3] , Michael Furlong [sup.4] , Jaime Alfaro [sup.1] [...]

Objectives To investigate the association of residential mobility with flourishing among school-age children. Methods Data from the 2011/2012 National Survey of Children's Health were used to examine parent/caregiver-reported information on flourishing and residential mobility for children age 6-17 (N = 63,333). Residential mobility was the number of times the child moved categorized as: none, 1-2, and 3+. Children who were reported to show interest/curiosity, finish tasks, stay calm/in control, care about doing well in school, and do all homework were coded as flourishing. Sex-specific multivariable models were used to model the relative risk of mobility on flourishing. Interactions of mobility with age and poverty were tested. Results Among US school-age children, 22% had no moves, 39% had 1-2 moves and 39% had 3+ moves in their lifetime. Nearly half (45%) were flourishing. Both boys and girls who moved 3+ times were less likely to flourish compared to children with no moves. Among poor boys moving 3+ times was associated with less flourishing (aRR 0.83, 95% CI 0.71, 0.98) with no association for non-poor boy. Among girls the pattern was reversed (aRR 0.88, 95% CI 0.81, 0.95 for non-poor girls and no association for poor girls). Conclusions for Practice Residential mobility may lead to lower rates of flourishing. The patterns, when stratified by age or poverty, are different for boys and girls., Author(s): Annie Gjelsvik [sup.1] [sup.3] , Michelle L. Rogers [sup.1] , Ling Song [sup.2] , Alison E. Field [sup.3] , Patrick M. Vivier [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (Aff1) 0000 0004 1936 [...]

Three studies (total N=403 participants; M age = 31.1 yr.; SD=13.8) are reported on the development, psychometric properties, and convergent and discriminant validities of two individual differences dimensions of Vigor (constructive arousal and energy that drives the general intensity of behavior) and Deliberation (prudence in the delay of immediate action and consideration of competing motives, emotions, and consequences of action that promote convergence of behavior toward socially desirable outcomes). These dimensions are part of Bernard, Mills, Swenson, and Walsh's evolutionary psychology theory of human motivation. Analysis suggests Vigor and Deliberation scales have reasonably good psychometric properties and may aid research on motivation from an evolutionary perspective.

The importance of maintaining appropriate energy levels for employees is presented, emphasizing both improved health and work performance. Energy management interventions include the body, the emotions, the mind, and the spirit.

Perceptions of vigor in persons with heart failure can be linked to factors that do not relate to age or disease severity. The results suggest the importance of person-environment interaction. A survey of 54 persons with heart failure revealed that perceived overall health and mental health and participation in an exercise program were associated with vigor. Twelve participants interviewed in depth reported that vigor was influenced by weather, a positive self-image, exercise, a resolve to live, and that physical and mental vigor were linked.

Four studies evaluated the success of behaviors and strategies used to self-regulate bad moods, raise energy, and reduce tension. Study 1 (N = 102) used an open-ended questionnaire to identify behavioral categories. Studies 2 and 4 surveyed a representative sample (N = 308) with a fixed-response questionnaire to quantify behaviors, general strategies, and individual differences. Study 3 used psychotherapist (N = 26) judgments of the likely success of the strategies. Therapist and self-rating converged on success of strategies and gender differences. These studies clarify and confirm previous research findings, particularly gender differences in controlling depression. Exercise appears to be the most effective mood-regulating behavior, and the best general strategy to change a bad mood is a combination of relaxation, stress management, cognitive, and exercise techniques. Results support a 2-dimensional biopsychological model of mood.

The beneficial impacts of objective physical fitness and of feeling vigorous on self-assessed health are analyzed. Results show self-rated health was positively predicted by functional capacity and vigor reported 18 months after the first health check. The interaction between objectively assessed functional capacity and the affective state of vigor is also examined.

A study was conducted to analyze the influence of experimentally induced motivational orientations on the subtly different positive affects of vitality and happiness. The assumption that doing well when autonomously motivated would improve subjective vitality relative to doing well when controlled in one's motivation was examined. Results indicated that engaging in an autonomous or self-regulated activity can promote subjective vitality relative to engaging in more controlled activity.