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Text in English ; Abstract: English and Turkish Includes bibliographical references (leaves 143-158) xi, 159 leaves This study takes the tweets shared by 45th president of the United States Donald Trump and Italian populist leader Matteo Salvini throughout 2018, to conduct a manual comparative content analysis in order to identify the main characteristics of their antiimmigration discourse on social media. The analysis aims to answer the following research question: How did Donald Trump and Matteo Salvini use Twitter as a platform for antiimmigration discourse in 2018? The ultimate goal is to consider the two leaders’ anti-immigration discourse in order to identify the specific textual elements and emotional tone used to mention immigration and refugees in order to recognize the dominant frames and narratives employed. This includes the attempt to also determine the emotional tone, attitudes and opinions used to address immigration and immigrants by both leaders. The results indicate that the online anti-immigration discourse of the two political leaders included the identification of immigrants as an economic burden, as potential threats and, in general, as scapegoats of different issues. Few recent studies have addressed the characteristics of online popülist communication in relation to a specific topic, especially not through the manual comparative content analysis of two political leaders coming from very different backgrounds. The purpose of this research is to fill this gap by supplying a framework for the analysis of the populist anti-immigration discourse on social media. This work suggests that social media can be used as a tool by populist leaders to construct an antiimmigration discourse that relies on the creation of a hostile narrative, a derogatory language and occasional mockery. Bu çalışma, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nin 45. Başkanı Donald Trump ve İtalyan popülist lider Matteo Salvini’nin 2018 yılı boyunca paylaştığı tweetleri ele alarak sosyal medyadaki göçmenlik karşıtı söylemlerinin temel özelliklerini belirlemek için manuel bir karşılaştırmalı içerik analizi yapmıştır. Bu tezin dayandığı araştırma sorusu şu şekilde ifade edilebilir: Donald Trump ve Matteo Salvini, 2018’de göçmenlik karşıtı söylemler için Twitter’ı bir platform olarak nasıl kullandı? Araştırmanın amacı, kullanılan dominant çerçeveleri ve anlatıları ortaya çıkarmak, göç ve mültecilerden bahsederken kullanılan spesifik metinsel unsurları ve duygusal tonu belirleyebilmek için iki liderin göçmenlik karşıtı söylemini analiz etmektir. Buna her iki liderin göç ve göçmenlere ilişkin olarak kullandığı dil ve bu dilin duygusal tonu ile, tutumları ve görüşleri belirleme girişimi de dahildir. Araştırma, iki siyasi liderin göçmenlere ilişkin çevrimiçi söyleminin göçmenleri ekonomik bir yük, potansiyel bir güvenlik tehditi ve genel olarak tüm sorunların günah keçisi olarak çerçevelenmesine dayandığını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Son zamanlarda yapılan az sayıdaki araştırma, spesifik konulardaki popülist iletişim özelliklerine atıfta bulunmuş, ancak bunu özellikle çok farklı sosyal altyapılardan gelen iki siyasi liderin sosyal medya paylaşımlarının kıyaslamalı içerik analizi yöntemini kullanarak yapmamıştır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, sosyal medyadaki popülist göç karşıtı söylemin analizi için bir çerçeve sağlayarak bu boşluğu doldurmaktır. POPULISM Origins and Main Attributes Modern Populism and Different Interpretations Italy Matteo Salvini The United States Donald Trump SOCIAL MEDIA Innovations: Potential and Limitations Social Media, Populism and The Emotional Dimension The Italian Case The American Case Fake News, Hate Speech, Disinformation MIGRATION The Criminalization Of Humanitarian Actors and Solidarity The Securitization of Migration The Ties Between Populism and Immigration METHODOLOGY Research Component and Research Methodology Research Question Data First Stage Analysis: Matteo Salvini Second Stage Analysis: Donald Trump Reliability and Validity RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Analysis of Matteo Salvini’s Tweets Analysis of Donald Trump’s Tweets Discussion

During the last decade, niobium-based materials have attracted an increasing attention especially in the field of the catalysis1. Many niobium-based catalysts have been synthesised wih different preparation methods (such as impregnation, sol-gel, chemical vapour deposition) obtaining materials characterized by very different properties, in terms of specific area, nature (Brønsted and Lewis) and strength of the active sites1,2. Therefore, they have been applied in a lot of different processes, in particular involving water in the reaction medium(such as hydrogenation, selective oxidation, condensation and esterification reactions), due to their acidity and high water tolerance3,4.Niobium pentoxide (also known as niobia or niobic acidwhen fully hydrated) represents the most studied niobium oxide; for catalytic purposes, it can also be supported on different materials. Different species (isolated or bulk) may be formed depending on the nature and properties of the support material, niobium precursors, niobium content and synthesis method. For example,acid supports react via hydroxyl groups (Brønsted sites) and basic supports react preferentially on the Lewis sites2,3: in this way, specific catalytic properties are generated. The aim of this work is to comparethe activity between silica and alumina supported niobia catalysts in the epoxidation of methyloleate with hydrogen peroxide.Epoxidized soybean oil and epoxidized methyl esters derived by oils play an important role as building blocks for the preparation of a wide variety of consumer products, such as plasticizers and stabilizers for PVC, and components of lubricants. On the industrial scale, the epoxidation reaction is currently carried out with peroxocarboxylic acids, obtained in situ by using mineral acids as catalysts, according to the Prileshajew method4. The use of hydrogen peroxide as oxidant and heterogeneous catalysts could be an interesting answer to more sustainable and green processes.For this purpose, the main goal of this work is to produce suitable catalysts for the methyloleate epoxidation reaction with hydrogen peroxide.