108 results on '"Vo Be, Hien"'
Search Results
2. Microplastics contamination in water supply system and treatment processes
- Author
-
Cao, Ngoc-Dan-Thanh, Vo, Dieu-Hien Thi, Pham, Mai-Duy-Thong, Nguyen, Van-Truc, Nguyen, Thanh-Binh, Le, Linh-Thy, Mukhtar, Hussnain, Nguyen, Huu-Viet, Visvanathan, Chettiyappan, and Bui, Xuan-Thanh
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Propofol TCI or sevoflurane anesthesia without muscle relaxant for thoracoscopic thymectomy in myasthenia gravis patients: a prospective, observational study
- Author
-
Vo Van Hien, Nguyen Huu Tu, and Nguyen Dang Thu
- Subjects
Myasthenia gravis ,Thoracoscopic thymectomy ,Propofol TCI ,Sevoflurane ,Without muscle relaxant ,Anesthesiology ,RD78.3-87.3 - Abstract
Abstract Background Myasthenia gravis (MG) patients interact unpredictably with anesthetic agents, including neuromuscular blocking agents. Here, we investigate the effectiveness of general anesthesia without muscle relaxants using either propofol via target-controlled infusion systems (TCI) or sevoflurane in MG patients undergoing thoracoscopic thymectomy. Methods This prospective, open-label, observational study was conducted in a university hospital. We included 90 myasthenic patients undergoing thoracoscopic thymectomy with general anesthesia. Patients received induction and maintenance anesthesia with propofol TCI (group P, n = 45) or induction with propofol 2–3 mg.kg−1 and maintenance anesthesia with sevoflurane (group S, n = 45). In both groups, the procedure was performed under the guidance of entropy with sufentanil but not a muscle relaxant. Intubation conditions, hemodynamic changes, respiratory function, neuromuscular transmission, arterial blood gas, and complications were evaluated. Results All patients achieved good intubation conditions. Hemodynamic instability was more frequent in group S than in group P, mostly in the induction stage, and was controllable. The reduction in the intraoperative train-of-four ratio from baseline at 30 min, 60 min, and 90 min in group S was 10.3%, 14.2%, and 14.3%, respectively, significantly higher than that in group P (6.8%, 7.2%, and 8.4%, respectively), which completely recovered at the end of the surgery. All patients were extubated in the operating room without complications. No other significant differences between the groups were observed. Conclusions Anesthesia with propofol TCI or sevoflurane without muscle relaxants in MG patients offered safe and effective conditions for thoracoscopic thymectomy. Sevoflurane achieved higher levels of intraoperative muscular relaxation than propofol TCI. Postoperative neuromuscular function was not affected by these anesthetics.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Examining Blended Learning Implementation in Hard and Soft Sciences: A Qualitative Analysis
- Author
-
Vo, Minh Hien, Zhu, Chang, and Diep, Anh Nguyet
- Abstract
Together with the rapid growth of blended courses implemented in higher education, instructors and researchers are keen on exploring the efficient models of blended learning (BL) to enhance students' achievement. While many BL theoretical models exist, robust empirical evidence confirming instructors' strategies and implementation is still scarce, particularly the possible differences as a function of disciplines. To address this lack of evidence, a qualitative study was conducted among 29 instructors in a large public university in Vietnam. Employing the Content-Construction-Communication framework as the guiding lens, the present study conducted semi-structured interviews to capture how instructors in hard and soft disciplines designed and implemented their blended courses. The findings revealed that instructors from hard and soft sciences shared both similarities and differences in their instructional strategies. Similar aspects included the alignment of course objectives with learning activities design and assessment, recognition of the importance of students' individual learning and collaborative learning, and responsiveness regarding students' questions. Yet, differences were observed in the design of both individual and collaborative online activities and instructors' online facilitation. Thus, the results provide a clear picture of different BL designs, which can be helpful for instructional designers and policies aimed at professional development support for successful BL implementation.
- Published
- 2020
5. Adult Learners' Needs in Online and Blended Learning
- Author
-
Diep, Anh Nguyet, Zhu, Chang, Cocquyt, Céline, de Greef, Maurice, Vo, Minh Hien, and Vanwing, Tom
- Abstract
Identifying and fulfilling adult learners' needs is critical to instructional designs aimed at enhancing their achievement and self-empowerment. In reviewing different theories and perspectives on adult learning and online and blended learning (OBL), it is noteworthy that there is not a comprehensive framework to guide the design of OBL environments that meet adult learners' needs, and that are underpinned by adult learning theories, online knowledge construction, motivational theories, and technological acceptance models. In this respect, the theory of existence, relatedness, and growth (ERG) (Alderfer, 1972) is applicable to interpret different types of needs to sustain learning motivation. Employing the ERG theory as the overarching framework, the purpose of this paper is to capture adult learners' needs from both positivist and subjectivist perspectives. In other words, the identified needs are to help adult learners optimally perform the learning activities designed to achieve the learning goals on the one hand, and to sustain their motivation during the learning process on the other hand. Thus, the framework is helpful for practitioners, curriculum developers, and researchers who are in search of a theoretical background for both instructional design and empirical investigation.
- Published
- 2019
6. SPINAL ANESTHESIA WITH ROPIVACAINE FOR LOWER LIMB SURGERY
- Author
-
Dang, Chi Binh, primary and Vo, Van Hien, additional
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Evaluating the intraoperative changes in several hemodynamic parameters using uscom method in severe burn patients undergoing burn necrotomy, skin grafting
- Author
-
Nguyen, Van Quynh, primary and Vo, Van Hien, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Students’ performance in blended learning: disciplinary difference and instructional design factors
- Author
-
Vo, Minh Hien, Zhu, Chang, and Diep, Anh Nguyet
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Antimicrobial Usage Surveillance Through Sales at Veterinary Drug Shops Intended for Livestock in Vietnam
- Author
-
Le Thi Thu Ha, Chalalai Rueanghiran, Nguyen Thi Huong Giang, Doan Phuong Thuy, Doan Hoang Phu, Bach Tuan Kiet, Vo Be Hien, Le Thi Hue, Pawin Padungtod, Bao Dinh Truong, and Juan J. Carrique-Mas
- Subjects
antimicrobial use ,antibacterial agents ,pharmacists ,veterinary drugs ,animal ,Vietnam ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Food processing and manufacture ,TP368-456 - Abstract
There is a pressing need to establish surveillance systems for antimicrobial use (AMU) intended for animal production particularly in many low- and middle-income countries. This is an extremely challenging task, notably due to the wide range of animal species, production types and antimicrobials available in the market. In Vietnam, farmers commonly buy antimicrobials from veterinary drug shops. Therefore, veterinary drug shops are a potential target for data collection on AMU. We collected antimicrobial sales data at veterinary drug shops and estimated the amount of AMU in different animal species by antimicrobial active ingredient (AAI) class using different measurement metrics. We compiled information on all antimicrobials licensed in Vietnam and used this information to develop a mobile application to capture sales of antimicrobials intended for use in poultry, pig, and ruminant. We provided tablets with this application to 60 veterinary drug shops in two provinces of the country (Bac Giang in the north, Dong Thap in the south; three districts and 30 shops per province) for data collection over 3 weeks. Total sales of antimicrobials were extrapolated to 1 year, and these amounts were related to three different denominator estimates in each province including standing animal body weight, animal biomass, and Population Correction Unit (PCU). A total of 3,960 transactions [2,577 (median 75.5 per shop) in Bac Giang; 1,383 (median 28.5 per shop) in Dong Thap] of 831 different antimicrobial-containing products were recorded in the 3-week period. Sales of 57 AAIs belonging to 17 classes were recorded. In the three Bac Giang districts, we estimated that 242.0 kg of AAI were hypothetically sold over 1 year. Of those, 202.2 kg (83.6%) were intended for poultry, 19.8 kg (8.1%) for pigs, and 20.0 kg (8.3%) for ruminants. In Dong Thap, an estimated 48.4 kg of antimicrobials were sold, including 28.9 kg (59.7%) for poultry, 16.0 kg (33.1%) for pigs, and 3.5 kg (7.2%) for ruminants. After standardized by different animal population denominators, AMU in Bac Giang amounted to 1129.2 mg/kg standing animal body weight, 480.2 mg/kg biomass, and 636.1 mg/kg PCU. In Dong Thap, AMU figures were 1211.0 mg/kg standing animal body weight, 595.8 mg/kg biomass and 818.5 mg/kg PCU. We discuss the observed differences between species, location and metrics, as well as the potential advantages and limitations (including potential sources of bias) of this methodology and its applicability at country level. Retail level data collection can effectively be integrated into AMU surveillance systems that help identify priority AMU management areas (species, regions, and antimicrobial classes), establish national benchmarks and reduction targets.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Accounting information quality in the digital era – a perspective from ERP system adoption?
- Author
-
Abu Afifa, Malik, primary, Saleh, Isam, additional, and Vo Van, Hien, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Characterization of viral, bacterial, and parasitic causes of disease in small-scale chicken flocks in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam
- Author
-
Nguyen Thi Bich Van, Nguyen Thi Phuong Yen, Nguyen Thi Nhung, Nguyen Van Cuong, Bach Tuan Kiet, Nguyen Van Hoang, Vo Be Hien, Niwat Chansiripornchai, Marc Choisy, Alexis Ribas, James Campbell, Guy Thwaites, and Juan Carrique-Mas
- Subjects
bacterial pathogen ,viral pathogen ,helminth ,chicken ,Vietnam ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
In the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam, small-scale chicken farming is common. However, high levels of disease or mortality in such flocks impair economic development and challenge the livelihoods of many rural households. We investigated 61 diseased small-scale flocks (122 chickens) for evidence of infection with 5 bacteria, 4 viruses, and helminths. Serological profiles (ELISA) were also determined against 6 of these pathogens. The aims of this study were the following: (1) to investigate the prevalence of different pathogens and to compare the probability of detection of bacterial pathogens using PCR and culture; (2) to investigate the relationship between detection of organisms in birds' tissues and the observed morbidity and mortality, as well as their antibody profile; and (3) to characterize risk factors for infection with specific viral or bacterial pathogens. We used PCR to test for viral (viruses causing infectious bronchitis [IB], highly pathogenic avian influenza [HPAI], Newcastle disease, and infectious bursal disease [IBD]) and bacterial pathogens (Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Pasteurella multocida, Avibacterium paragallinarum, and Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale [ORT]). The latter two were also investigated in respiratory tissues by conventional culture. Colisepticemic Escherichia coli was investigated by liver or spleen culture. In 49 of 61 (80.3%) flocks, at least one bacterial or viral pathogen was detected, and in 29 (47.5%) flocks, more than one pathogen was detected. A. paragallinarum was detected in 62.3% flocks, followed by M. gallisepticum (26.2%), viruses causing IBD (24.6%) and IB (21.3%), septicemic E. coli (14.8%), ORT (13.1%), and HPAI viruses (4.9%). Of all flocks, 67.2% flocks were colonized by helminths. Mortality was highest among flocks infected with HPAI (100%, interquartile range [IQR]: 81.6–100%) and lowest with flocks infected with ORT (5.3%, IQR: 1.1–9.0%). The results indicated slight agreement (kappa ≤ 0.167) between detection by PCR and culture for both A. paragallinarum and ORT, as well as between the presence of cestodes and ORT infection (kappa = 0.317). Control of A. paragallinarum, viruses causing HPAI, IBD, and IB, M. gallisepticum, and gastrointestinal helminths should be a priority in small-scale flocks.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. A survey of retail prices of antimicrobial products used in small-scale chicken farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam
- Author
-
Nguyen T. T. Dung, Bao D. Truong, Nguyen V. Cuong, Nguyen T. B. Van, Doan H. Phu, Bach T. Kiet, Chalalai Rueanghiran, Vo B. Hien, Guy Thwaites, Jonathan Rushton, and Juan Carrique-Mas
- Subjects
Mekong Delta ,Vietnam ,Chicken ,Poultry ,Antimicrobial ,Animal daily dose ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background In the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam, high quantities of products containing antimicrobial are used as prophylactic and curative treatments in small-scale chicken flocks. A large number of these contain antimicrobial active ingredients (AAIs) considered of ‘critical importance’ for human medicine according to the World Health Organization (WHO). However, little is known about the retail prices of these products and variables associated with the expense on antimicrobials at farm level. Therefore, the aims of the study were: (1) to investigate the retail price of antimicrobials with regards to WHO importance criteria; and (2) to quantify the antimicrobial expense incurred in raising chicken flocks. We investigated 102 randomly-selected small-scale farms raising meat chickens (100–2000 per flock cycle) in two districts in Dong Thap (Mekong Delta) over 203 flock production cycles raised in these farms. Farmers were asked to record the retail prices and amounts of antimicrobial used. Results A total of 214 different antimicrobial-containing products were identified. These contained 37 different AAIs belonging to 13 classes. Over half (60.3%) products contained 1 highest priority, critically important AAI, and 38.8% 1 high priority, critically important AAI. The average (farm-adjusted) retail price of a daily dose administered to a 1 kg bird across products was 0.40 cents of 1 US$ (₵) (SE ± 0.05). The most expensive products were those that included at least one high priority, critically important AAI, as well as those purchased in one of the two study districts. Farmers spent on average of ₵3.91 (SE ± 0.01) on antimicrobials per bird over the production cycle. The expense on antimicrobials in weeks with disease and low mortality was greater than on weeks with disease and high mortality, suggesting that antimicrobial use had a beneficial impact on disease outcomes (χ 2 = 3.8; p = 0.052). Farmers generally used more expensive antimicrobials on older flocks. Conclusions and recommendation The retail prices of antimicrobial products used in chicken production in Mekong Delta small-scale chicken farms are very low, and not related to their relevance for human medicine. Farmers, however, demonstrated a degree of sensitivity to prices of antimicrobial products. Therefore, revising pricing policies of antimicrobial products remains a potential option to curb the use of antimicrobials of critical importance in animal production.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Reducing Antimicrobial Usage in Small-Scale Chicken Farms in Vietnam: A 3-Year Intervention Study
- Author
-
Doan Hoang Phu, Nguyen Van Cuong, Dinh Bao Truong, Bach Tuan Kiet, Vo Be Hien, Ho Thi Viet Thu, Lam Kim Yen, Nguyen Thi Tuyet Minh, Pawin Padungtod, Erry Setyawan, Guy Thwaites, Jonathan Rushton, and Juan Carrique-Mas
- Subjects
antimicrobial use ,disease ,smallholder farms ,poultry ,Vietnam ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Indiscriminate antimicrobial use (AMU) in animal production is a driver of antimicrobial resistance globally. There is a need to define sustainable interventions to reduce AMU in small-scale production systems, which currently represent the most widespread farming systems in South East Asia and many low- and middle-income countries. We conducted a before-and-after intervention study on a random sample of small-scale chicken farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam from 2016 to 2019. The study included a baseline followed by an intervention phase where farmers were provided with regular veterinary advice on flock health and husbandry, as well as antimicrobial replacement products. Of 102 recruited farms (raising >100 chickens per flock cycle), thirty-five (34.2%) entered the intervention phase, whilst the rest stopped raising chickens, mainly due to suboptimal flock performance. Through the implementation of our intervention, chicken flocks reduced levels of AMU by 66% [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 0.34; p = 0.002) from a baseline of 343.4 Animal Daily Doses per 1,000 chicken-days and decreased weekly mortality by 40% (adjusted HR = 0.60; p = 0.005) from a baseline mortality of 1.60 per 100 birds. Chicken bodyweight increased by 100 g (p = 0.002) in intervention flocks. Our findings demonstrate that the provision of veterinary advice can achieve substantial reductions in AMU in small-scale production systems without compromising flock health and productivity.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Antimicrobial use through consumption of medicated feeds in chicken flocks in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam: A three-year study before a ban on antimicrobial growth promoters.
- Author
-
Nguyen Van Cuong, Bach Tuan Kiet, Vo Be Hien, Bao Dinh Truong, Doan Hoang Phu, Guy Thwaites, Marc Choisy, and Juan Carrique-Mas
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Antimicrobials are included in commercial animal feed rations in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We measured antimicrobial use (AMU) in commercial feed products consumed by 338 small-scale chicken flocks in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam, before a gradual nationwide ban on prophylactic use of antimicrobials (including in commercial feeds) to be introduced in the country over the coming five years. We inspected the labels of commercial feeds and calculated amounts of antimicrobial active ingredients (AAIs) given to flocks. We framed these results in the context of overall AMU in chicken production, and highlighted those products that did not comply with Government regulations. Thirty-five of 99 (35.3%) different antimicrobial-containing feed products included at least one AAI. Eight different AAIs (avilamycin, bacitracin, chlortetracycline, colistin, enramycin, flavomycin, oxytetracycline, virginamycin) belonging to five classes were identified. Brooding feeds contained antimicrobials the most (60.0%), followed by grower (40.9%) and finisher feeds (20.0%). Quantitatively, chlortetracycline was consumed most (42.2 mg/kg SEM ±0.34; 50.0% of total use), followed by enramycin (18.4 mg/kg SEM ±0.03, 21.8%), bacitracin (16.4 mg/kg SEM ±0.20, 19.4%) and colistin (6.40 mg/kg SEM ± 4.21;7.6%). Other antimicrobials consumed were virgianamycin, avilamycin, flavomycin and oxytetracycline (each ≤0.50 mg/kg). Antimicrobials in commercial feeds were more commonly given to flocks in the earlier part of the production cycle. A total of 10 (9.3%) products were not compliant with existing Vietnamese regulation (06/2016/TT-BNNPTNT) either because they included a non-authorised AAI (4), had AAIs over the permitted limits (4), or both (2). A number of commercial feed formulations examined included colistin (polymyxin E), a critically important antimicrobial of highest priority for human medicine. These results illustrate the challenges for effective implementation and enforcement of restrictions of antimicrobials in commercial feeds in LMICs. Results from this study should help encourage discussion about policies on medicated feeds in LMICs.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Students’ performance in blended learning: disciplinary difference and instructional design factors
- Author
-
Vo, Minh Hien, Zhu, Chang, and Diep, Anh Nguyet
- Abstract
Significant enhancement in students’ learning performance has been noticed in blended learning courses. Yet, the differential effect of blended learning as a function of disciplinary difference has not widely been explored. Moreover, studies on the critical factors related to students’ performance measured by objective course grades are recognized to a lesser extent compared with those using self-reported or perceived learning achievement. In the present study, the effect of blended learning in hard and soft courses is discerned. Factors related to students’ performance measured by final course grades are unraveled, controlling for the effects of gender and prior learning achievement. The participants (N= 571) are students following blended learning courses at a public university in Vietnam. A questionnaire is employed to collect data, which is subject to confirmatory factor analysis and hierarchical regression analyses. The results show that students in soft disciplines obtain higher grades than peers in hard disciplines. Clear goals and expectations, material quality, and collaborative learning are significant predictors of students’ performance.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Influence Of Virtual Social Capital on Sustainable Clothing Consumption Pattern: A Study on Young People in Ho Chi Minh City.
- Author
-
Hoang Cuu Long, Pham Que Anh, Pham Thi Kim Dung, Vo Thuy Hien, and Truong Thanh Phuong
- Subjects
YOUNG adults ,SUSTAINABLE consumption ,CONSUMPTION (Economics) ,SOCIAL influence ,SOCIAL capital - Abstract
It is undeniable that fast fashion is a deleterious phenomenon changing the fashion industry for the worse. This study has been carried out to achieve the sustainable development of the clothing industry, thereby providing a visible and meaningful contribution to the achievement of SDGs 12 and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The study clarified the definition and manifestation of a sustainable clothing consumption model that integrates four types of clothing consumption behavior: swapping, the sale of upgraded second-hand clothing, renting, consulting, and matching old clothing. According to an analysis of the data (N=398), virtual social capital and peer influence have a considerably positive effect on BISCCP. Virtual social capital also has a positive impact on peer influence. However, the relationship between virtual social capital as well as BISCCP was negatively affected by both face consciousness and consumer innovativeness. The findings had consequences for comprehending and enhancing consumers' behavioral intentions regarding purchasing sustainable clothes. Thus, it is essential for ecological sustainability and other associated government agencies to establish a parsimonious society, incentivizing the reuse of secondhand clothing to increase people's passion for environmental protection consumption. Not only does the study enhances consumer acceptance of SCCP, but it can also be especially useful to circular economy policymakers in the emerging market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Situation and Solutions for Tourism Development in the New Normal: A Case Study in Da Lat City, Vietnam
- Author
-
Vo Ngoc Hien
- Abstract
Tourism is one of the important human needs, and it is becoming more and more essential when the quality of life of Vietnamese people, in general, is increasing significantly. The desire to visit and experience new lands with a cool, fresh climate and beautiful nature like Da Lat city is increasing, especially when the COVID-19 pandemic has kept many people for quite a while. When the new normal state was established in many provinces and Da Lat city, many tourists chose this place as their first destination after many days of living and working at home, in areas with hot and smoky climates such as in large cities lowlands of Vietnam. This research paper is completed from comparative and comparative studies, past and present documents, and a combination of surveys and actual interviews. Research results show that tourists' satisfaction level when traveling in Da Lat city during the new normal period is generally relatively low because of worries about being adversely affected by the pandemic. Meanwhile, the need to return to this tourist destination is very high, of course, when everything has been remedied to create a safer destination. This opens up the massive potential for tourism of Da Lat city in the coming period.
- Published
- 2022
18. Adsorptive removal of phosphate from aqueous solutions using low-cost modified biochar-packed column: Effect of operational parameters and kinetic study
- Author
-
Tran, T.C. Phuong, primary, Nguyen, T. Phuong, additional, Nguyen, X. Cuong, additional, Nguyen, X.H., additional, Nguyen, T.A. Hang, additional, Nguyen, T.T. Nguyen, additional, Vo, T.Y. Binh, additional, Nguyen, T.H. Giang, additional, Nguyen, T.T. Huyen, additional, Vo, T.D. Hien, additional, Senthil Kumar, P., additional, Um, Myoung-Jin, additional, and Nguyen, D. Duc, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Research on the Role of Student-Faculty Social Interaction Outside Class in Training Soft Skills
- Author
-
Vo-Ngoc, Hien
- Subjects
Soft skills ,Lecturers ,Social interaction - Abstract
The research assessed the importance of social interaction outside class between lecturers and university students in training soft skills courses at FPT University in Ho Chi Minh City. The results of a random survey of 363 students studying at the university using questionnaires and in-depth interviews show the significant role of implementing and maintaining social interactions from various angles. The importance is increasing the interestingness of the lessons, thereby enhancing learning outcomes and the practical experience related to the course. So, they help those courses achieve the original purpose for which the school included them in the curriculum framework. Overall, most students have a relatively high level of satisfaction with their instructors in these social interactions. However, some lecturers are still cautious about this trend, thus causing student satisfaction levels to move in the opposite direction. Besides, the research also shows much lack of standards among students when their relationship with lecturers is no longer encapsulated in the classroom. Since then, the author has also come up with several solutions so that social interaction outside class can maximize its role in teaching and learning soft skills courses.
- Published
- 2022
20. Characterizing Antimicrobial Resistance in Chicken Pathogens: A Step towards Improved Antimicrobial Stewardship in Poultry Production in Vietnam
- Author
-
Nguyen Thi Phuong Yen, Nguyen Thi Nhung, Nguyen Thi Bich Van, Nguyen Van Cuong, Bach Tuan Kiet, Doan Hoang Phu, Vo Be Hien, James Campbell, Niwat Chansiripornchai, Guy E. Thwaites, and Juan J. Carrique-Mas
- Subjects
antimicrobial resistance ,minimal inhibitory concentration ,chicken pathogens ,bacteria ,diseases ,Vietnam ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
In the Mekong Delta of Vietnam, farmers use large quantities of antimicrobials to raise small-scale chicken flocks, often including active ingredients regarded of “critical importance’” by the World Health Organization. Due to limitations in laboratory capacity, the choice of antimicrobials normally does not follow any empirical criteria of effectiveness. The aim of this study was to highlight non-critically important antimicrobials against which chicken pathogens are likely to be susceptible as a basis for treatment guidelines. Microtiter broth dilution method was performed to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 12 commonly used antimicrobials for 58 isolates, including Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) (n = 22), Gallibacterium anatis (n = 19), and Avibacterium endocarditidis (n = 17). Unfortunately, internationally accepted breakpoints for resistance in these organisms do not exist. We drew tentative epidemiological cut-offs (TECOFFs) for those antimicrobial-pathogen combinations where MIC distributions suggested the presence of a distinct non-wild-type population. Based on the observed results, doxycycline would be the drug of choice for A.endocarditidis (11.8% presumptive non-wild type) and G. anatis infections (5.3% presumptive non-wild type). A total of 13.6% ORT isolates were non-wild type with regards to oxytetracycline, making it the drug of choice against this pathogen. This study illustrates the challenges in interpreting susceptibility testing results and the need to establish internationally accepted breakpoints for veterinary pathogens.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Veterinary Drug Shops as Main Sources of Supply and Advice on Antimicrobials for Animal Use in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam
- Author
-
Doan Hoang Phu, Vu Thi Quynh Giao, Dinh Bao Truong, Nguyen Van Cuong, Bach Tuan Kiet, Vo Be Hien, Guy Thwaites, Jonathan Rushton, and Juan Carrique-Mas
- Subjects
veterinary drug shop ,farmers ,antimicrobial sales ,vietnam ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
In the Mekong Delta of Vietnam, small-scale poultry farmers use large amounts of antimicrobials to raise their flocks, and veterinary drug shops owners and their staff are a key source of advice to farmers on antimicrobial use (AMU). We described the network of veterinary drug shops (n = 93) in two districts within Dong Thap province (Mekong Delta). We also interviewed a randomly selected sample of chicken farmers (n = 96) and described their linkages with veterinary drug shops. Antimicrobials represented 15.0% [inter quartile range (IQR) 6.0−25.0] of the shops’ income. Fifty-seven percent shop owners had been/were affiliated to the veterinary authority, 57% provided diagnostic services. The median number of drug shops supplying antimicrobials to each farm during one production cycle was 2 [IQR 1−2]. Visited shops were located within a median distance of 3.96 km [IQR 1.98−5.85] to farms. Drug shops owned by persons affiliated to the veterinary authority that did not provide diagnostic services had a higher fraction of their income consisting of antimicrobial sales (β = 1.913; p < 0.001). These results suggest that interventions targeting veterinary drug shop owners and their staff aiming at improving their knowledge base on livestock/poultry diseases and their diagnosis may contribute to reducing overall levels of AMU in the area.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Effects of prophylactic and therapeutic antimicrobial uses in small‐scale chicken flocks
- Author
-
Nguyen Van Cuong, Doan Hoang Phu, Juan Carrique-Mas, Bach Tuan Kiet, Nguyen Thi Bich Van, Marc Choisy, Guy E. Thwaites, and Vo Be Hien
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Epidemiology ,medicine.drug_class ,chicken ,030231 tropical medicine ,030106 microbiology ,Cephalosporin ,Parameterized algorithms ,law.invention ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Animals ,Poultry Diseases ,General Veterinary ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,business.industry ,AMU ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Original Articles ,Antimicrobial ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,therapeutic ,Infectious Diseases ,Antimicrobial use ,Vietnam ,prophylactic ,Cohort ,Original Article ,Flock ,Mekong delta ,business ,Chickens - Abstract
Antimicrobials are extensively used both prophylactically and therapeutically in poultry production. Despite this, there are little data on the effect of antimicrobial use (AMU) on disease incidence rate and per cent mortality. We investigated the relationships between AMU and disease and between AMU and mortality using data from a large (n = 322 flocks) cohort of small-scale chicken flocks in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, that were followed longitudinally from day old to slaughter (5,566 observation weeks). We developed a parameterized algorithm to emulate a randomized control trial from observational data by categorizing the observation weeks into 'non-AMU', 'prophylactic AMU' and 'therapeutic AMU'. To evaluate the prophylactic AMU effect, we compared the frequencies of clinical signs in 'non-AMU' and 'prophylactic AMU' periods. To analyse therapeutic AMU, we compared weekly per cent mortality between the weeks of disease episodes before and after AMU. Analyses were stratified by clinical signs (4) and antimicrobial classes (13). Prophylactic AMU never reduced the probability of disease, and some antimicrobial classes such as lincosamides, amphenicols and penicillins increased the risk. The risk of diarrhoea consistently increased with prophylactic AMU. Therapeutic AMU often had an effect on mortality, but the pattern was inconsistent across the combinations of antimicrobial classes and clinical signs with 14/29 decreasing and 11/29 increasing the per cent weekly mortality. Lincosamides, methenamines and cephalosporins were the only three antimicrobial classes that always decreased the mortality when used therapeutically. Results were robust respective to the parameters values of the weeks categorization algorithm. This information should help support policy efforts and interventions aiming at reducing AMU in animal production.
- Published
- 2021
23. Modelling the impact of antimicrobial use and external introductions on commensal E. coli colistin resistance in small‐scale chicken farms of the Mekong delta of Vietnam
- Author
-
Jonathan Bastard, Nguyen Thi Nhung, Vo Be Hien, Bach Tuan Kiet, Laura Temime, Lulla Opatowski, Juan Carrique‐Mas, Marc Choisy, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Modélisation, épidémiologie et surveillance des risques sanitaires (MESuRS), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Epidémiologie et modélisation de la résistance aux antimicrobiens - Epidemiology and modelling of bacterial escape to antimicrobials (EMAE), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Oxford University Clinical Research Unit [Ho Chi Minh City] (OUCRU), Ca Mau sub-Department of Livestock Production and Animal Health (CM-LPAH), University of Oxford, This study was part of the baseline phase of the ViParc Project. It was funded by the Wellcome Trust through an Intermediate Clinical Fellowship awarded to J. C.-M. (grant reference number 110085/Z/15/Z). J. B. was funded by the INCEPTION project (PIA/ANR-16-CONV-0005), and his work was supported by Fondation Pierre Ledoux Jeunesse Internationale and internal resources of Institut Pasteur, the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) and the University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ). Funding was also received from the French Government ‘Investissement d'Avenir’ program Laboratoire d'Excellence ‘Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases’ (grant ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID)., ANR-16-CONV-0005,INCEPTION,Institut Convergences pour l'étude de l'Emergence des Pathologies au Travers des Individus et des populatiONs(2016), ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), Bertram, Marie-Liesse, Institut Convergences pour l'étude de l'Emergence des Pathologies au Travers des Individus et des populatiONs - - INCEPTION2016 - ANR-16-CONV-0005 - CONV - VALID, and Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases - - IBEID2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0062 - LABX - VALID
- Subjects
Farms ,[SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health ,General Veterinary ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,poultry ,[SDV.BA.MVSA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health ,[SDV.SA.ZOO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Zootechny ,General Medicine ,Southeast Asia ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Anti-Infective Agents ,Vietnam ,[SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,Escherichia coli ,Animals ,Humans ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,antimicrobial resistance ,colistin ,[SDV.SA.ZOO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Zootechny ,Chickens ,spatial - Abstract
International audience; Colistin is a critically important antimicrobial for human medicine, and colistin-resistant Escherichia coli are commonly found in poultry and poultry products in Southeast Asia. Here, we aim at disentangling the within-farm and outside-farm drivers of colistin resistance in small-scale chicken farms of the Mekong delta of Vietnam. Nineteen Vietnamese chicken farms were followed up along a whole production cycle, during which weekly antimicrobial use data were recorded. At the beginning, middle and end of each production cycle, commensal E. coli samples from birds were collected, pooled and tested for colistin resistance. Twelve models were fitted to the data using an expectation-maximization algorithm and compared. We further tested the spatial clustering of the occurrence of resistance importations from external sources using the local Moran's I statistic. In the best model, colistin resistance in E. coli from chickens was found to be mostly affected by importations of resistance, and, to a lesser extent, by the use of antimicrobials in the last 1.73 weeks [0.00; 2.90], but not by the use of antimicrobials in day-olds, nor their colistin resistance carriage from hatchery. The occurrence of external source importations proved to be sometimes spatially clustered, suggesting a role of local environmental sources of colistin resistance.
- Published
- 2022
24. Nexus among board characteristics, earnings management and dividend payout: evidence from an emerging market
- Author
-
Abu Afifa, Malik, primary, Saleh, Isam, additional, Al-shoura, Aseel, additional, and Vo Van, Hien, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of commercial essential oils against common chicken pathogenic bacteria and their relationship with antibiotic resistance
- Author
-
Nguyen Thi Bich Van, James Campell, Nguyen Van Cuong, Nguyen Thi Phuong Yen, Bach Tuan Kiet, Guy E. Thwaites, Nguyen Van Minh Hoang, Marc Choisy, Nguyen Thi Nhung, Vo Be Hien, On Thuong Vi, and Juan Carrique-Mas
- Subjects
Bacteria ,Swine ,medicine.drug_class ,Antibiotics ,Melaleuca alternifolia ,Drug Resistance, Microbial ,Melaleuca ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,General Medicine ,Origanum ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Antimicrobial ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Minimum inhibitory concentration ,Pepper ,Oils, Volatile ,medicine ,Colistin ,Animals ,Food science ,Chickens ,Biotechnology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Aims We investigated the antibacterial effect of seven essential oils (EOs) and one EO-containing liquid phytogenic solution marketed for poultry and pigs (‘Product A’) on chicken pathogens, as well as the relationship between minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in EOs and antibiotics commonly administered to chicken flocks in the Mekong Delta (Vietnam). Methods and Results Micellar extracts from oregano (Origanum vulgare), cajeput (Melaleuca leucadendra), garlic (Allium sativum), black pepper (Piper nigrum), peppermint (Mentha×piperitaL.), tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia), cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) EOs and Product A were investigated for their MIC againstAvibacterium endocarditidis(N=10),Pasteurella multocida(N=7),Ornitobacterium rhinotracheale(ORT) (N=10),Escherichia coli(N=10) andGallibacterium anatis(N=10). Cinnamon EO had the lowest median MIC across strains (median 0.5mg/ml [IQR, interquartile range 0.3–2.0mg/ml]), followed by Product A (3.8mg/ml [1.9–3.8mg/ml]), oregano EO (30.4mg/ml [7.6–60.8mg/ml]) and garlic 63.1mg/ml [3.9 to >505.0mg/ml]. Peppermint, tea tree, cajeput and pepper EOs had all MIC ≥219mg/ml. In addition, we determined the MIC of the 12most commonly used antibiotics in chicken flocks in the area. After accounting for pathogen species, we found an independent, statistically significant (pp Conclusions Increases in MIC of antibiotics generally correlates with increased tolerance to EOs. For cinnamon EO, however, the opposite was observed. Significance and Impact of the Study Our results suggest increased antibacterial effects of EOs on multi-drug resistant pathogens; cinnamon EO was particularly effective against bacterial poultry pathogens.
- Published
- 2022
26. Blockchain adoption in accounting by an extended UTAUT model: empirical evidence from an emerging economy
- Author
-
Abu Afifa, Malik Muneer, primary, Vo Van, Hien, additional, and Le Hoang Van, Trang, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Chemical constituents and antibacterial activity of essential oil of Vitex rotundifolia from Southern Vietnam
- Author
-
Nguyen Tuong An Huynh, Van Son Le, Vo Thu Hien Tran, Thao Nguyen Luu, Hong Thien Van, and Nu Han Ni Ton
- Subjects
Traditional medicine ,biology ,Chemistry ,law ,Chemical constituents ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Antibacterial activity ,biology.organism_classification ,Essential oil ,Vitex rotundifolia ,law.invention - Published
- 2020
28. Prevalence of carbapenem resistance and its potential association with antimicrobial use in humans and animals in rural communities in Vietnam
- Author
-
Nguyen Thi Phuong Yen, Nguyen Thi Nhung, Doan Hoang Phu, Nguyen Thi Thuy Dung, Nguyen Thi Bich Van, Bach Tuan Kiet, Vo Be Hien, Mattias Larsson, Linus Olson, James Campbell, Nguyen Pham Nhu Quynh, Pham Thanh Duy, and Juan Carrique-Mas
- Abstract
Background Vietnam and Southeast Asia are hotspots for antimicrobial resistance; however, little is known on the prevalence of carriage of carbapenem resistance in non-hospitalized humans and in animals. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), particularly Escherichia coli (CREC) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) and also Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) are emerging threats worldwide. Methods We investigated healthy humans (n = 652), chickens (n = 237), ducks (n = 150) and pigs (n = 143) in 400 small-scale farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. Samples (rectal swabs, faecal swabs) were investigated for carriage of CRE/CRAB and were further characterized phenotypically and genotypically. Results In the Mekong Delta of Vietnam, the prevalence of CRE isolates in human rectal swabs was 0.6%, including 4 CREC and 1 CRKP. One pig was infected with CREC (prevalence 0.7%). CRAB was isolated from chickens (n = 4) (prevalence 2.1%) and one duck (prevalence 0.7%). CRKP was isolated from a human who was also colonized with CREC. The CRKP strain (ST16), from an 80 year-old person with pneumonia under antimicrobial treatment, genetically clustered with clinical strains isolated in a hospital outbreak in southern Vietnam. The prevalence of CRE was higher among humans that had used antimicrobials within 90 days of the sampling date than those had not (4.2% versus 0.2%) (P = 0.005). All CRE/CRAB strains were MDR, although they were susceptible to colistin and neomycin. The carbapenemase genes identified in study strains were blaNDM and blaOXA. Conclusions The finding of a CRKP strain clustering with previous hospital outbreak raises concerns about potential transmission of carbapenem-resistant organisms from hospital to community settings or vice-versa.
- Published
- 2021
29. Blockchain adoption in accounting by an extended UTAUT model: empirical evidence from an emerging economy.
- Author
-
Abu Afifa, Malik Muneer, Vo Van, Hien, and Le Hoang Van, Trang
- Subjects
EMERGING markets ,BLOCKCHAINS ,STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,SOCIAL influence ,CRYPTOCURRENCIES ,TRUST - Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to use an extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model to investigate the intention to use blockchain from the accountant's point of view. The proposed model is expected to provide the necessary incentives for accountants to adopt blockchain. The authors build external constructs based on discussions of blockchain properties for accounting such as accounting information quality, job relevance and trust. In addition, the study also considers computer self-efficacy and compatibility as factors related to practitioners' blockchain acceptance. Design/methodology/approach: By using the developed online-questionnaire, the data is collected from the responses of 317 accountants working in listed enterprises in Vietnam. The main analyzes are performed by Smart partial least squares structural equation modeling technique to present both direct and indirect effects on the intention to use blockchain. Findings: Experimental results provide many interesting and valuable things. First, performance and effort expectancy have a positive influence on intention to use blockchain, while social influence has a lower influence. Second, trust has a direct and positive effect on effort and performance expectancy, as well as intention to use blockchain. Quite surprisingly, accounting information quality has a positive effect on performance expectancy, while job relevance has a negative effect. Fourth, computer self-efficacy and compatibility have a positive effect on effort expectancy. It is more interesting that the intention to use blockchain has nothing to do with compatibility. The results of this study also show that performance and effort expectancy play a mediating role in the indirect effects of trust, computer self-efficacy and compatibility on intention to use blockchain. Research limitations/implications: The study shows that accountants in Vietnam have a high intention to use blockchain. This implies that the Vietnamese Government and the professional association should design training programs or open training sessions on blockchain. Accountants can clearly understand the importance of blockchain in their work as well as the positive effect of blockchain on performance. They are consulted on how to use blockchain. They also perceive that using blockchain is not too difficult, and the acceptance of this technology will be higher. Additionally, universities should put triple-entry accounting into their teaching, so accounting students can improve their skills and knowledge relevant to blockchain to meet their career needs in the future. Originality/value: The study proposes an extended UTAUT model with external constructs built on blockchain's effects on accounting. The model makes more sense in promoting the use of blockchain in accounting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Feasibility study of a field survey to measure antimicrobial usage in humans and animals in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam
- Author
-
Nguyen Phuong Cam Ly, Nguyen Thi Bich Van, Doan Hoang Phu, Marc Choisy, Nguyen Van Cuong, Pawin Padungtod, Guy E. Thwaites, Vo Be Hien, Juan Carrique-Mas, Bach Tuan Kiet, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit [Ho Chi Minh City] (OUCRU), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [Rome, Italie] (FAO), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,Veterinary medicine ,education.field_of_study ,Immunology ,Population ,Small sample ,Total body ,Biology ,Field survey ,Antimicrobial ,Microbiology ,Infectious Diseases ,One Health ,Antimicrobial use ,AcademicSubjects/MED00290 ,[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,Immunology and Allergy ,AcademicSubjects/MED00740 ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,Original Article ,Mekong delta ,education ,AcademicSubjects/MED00230 - Abstract
BackgroundDevelopment of antimicrobial use (AMU) surveillance systems in humans and animals is a priority for many low- and middle-income countries; however accurate estimations are hampered by a diversity of animal production systems and metrics. The Mekong Delta region of Vietnam is a ‘hotspot’ of antimicrobial resistance and is home to a high density of humans and animal populations.ObjectivesTo measure and compare AMU using different metrics (standing population, biomass and population correction unit) in the Mekong Delta, and to explore the potential of field-based data collection methods in the design of AMU surveillance systems.MethodsWe collected AMU data from humans and animals (chickens, ducks, Muscovy ducks, pigs) from 101 small-scale farms in the Mekong Delta over a fixed period (90 days in humans, 7 days in animals).ResultsHumans used 7.1 DDDkg, or 175.9 mg of antimicrobial active ingredients (AAIs) per kg of standing body mass annually; animals consumed 60.9 ADDkg or 1324 mg. In the Mekong Delta humans represented 79.3% of the total body mass but consumed 29.6% of AAIs by weight. AAIs regarded of critical importance by WHO represented 56.9% and 50.2% of doses consumed by animals and humans, respectively.ConclusionsUsing a One Health approach, we show that AMU can potentially be estimated from cross-sectional surveys, although results are hypothetical due to small sample size and are sensitive to the chosen population denominator. The methodology proposed here can potentially be scaled up be applied to design AMU surveillance in low-resource settings, allowing AMU reduction efforts to be focused on particular animal species.
- Published
- 2021
31. Viral aetiology of central nervous system infections in adults admitted to a tertiary referral hospital in southern Vietnam over 12 years.
- Author
-
Le Van Tan, Le Hong Thai, Nguyen Hoan Phu, Ho Dang Trung Nghia, Ly Van Chuong, Dinh Xuan Sinh, Nguyen Duy Phong, Nguyen Thi Hoang Mai, Dinh Nguyen Huy Man, Vo Minh Hien, Nguyen Thanh Vinh, Jeremy Day, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Tran Tinh Hien, Jeremy Farrar, Menno D de Jong, Guy Thwaites, H Rogier van Doorn, and Tran Thi Hong Chau
- Subjects
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) infections are important diseases in both children and adults worldwide. The spectrum of infections is broad, encompassing bacterial/aseptic meningitis and encephalitis. Viruses are regarded as the most common causes of encephalitis and aseptic meningitis. Better understanding of the viral causes of the diseases is of public health importance, in order to better inform immunization policy, and may influence clinical management.Study was conducted at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases in Ho Chi Minh City, a primary, secondary, and tertiary referral hospital for all southern provinces of Vietnam. Between December 1996 and May 2008, patients with CNS infections of presumed viral origin were enrolled. Laboratory diagnostics consisted of molecular and serological tests targeted at 14 meningitis/encephalitis-associated viruses. Of 291 enrolled patients, fatal outcome and neurological sequelae were recorded in 10% (28/291) and 27% (78/291), respectively. Mortality was especially high (9/19, 47%) amongst those with confirmed herpes simplex encephalitis which is attributed to the limited availability of intravenous acyclovir/valacyclovir. Japanese encephalitis virus, dengue virus, herpes simplex virus, and enteroviruses were the most common viruses detected, responsible for 36 (12%), 19 (6.5%), 19 (6.5%) and 8 (2.7%) respectively, followed by rubella virus (6, 2%), varicella zoster virus (5, 1.7%), mumps virus (2, 0.7%), cytomegalovirus (1, 0.3%), and rabies virus (1, 0.3%).Viral infections of the CNS in adults in Vietnam are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Despite extensive laboratory testing, 68% of the patients remain undiagnosed. Together with our previous reports, the data confirm that Japanese encephalitis virus, dengue virus, herpes simplex virus, and enteroviruses are the leading identified causes of CNS viral infections in Vietnam, suggest that the majority of morbidity/mortality amongst patients with a confirmed/probable diagnosis is preventable by adequate vaccination/treatment, and are therefore of public health significance.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Cytotoxic components from the leaves of Erythrophleum fordii induce human acute leukemia cell apoptosis through caspase 3 activation and PARP cleavage
- Author
-
Vo, Phuong Hien Thi, Nguyen, Thuy Duong Thi, Tran, Hoa Thanh, Nguyen, Yen Nhi, Doan, Minh Thu, Nguyen, Phi Hung, Lien, Giang Thi Kim, To, Dao Cuong, and Tran, Manh Hung
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Characterisation of gastrointestinal helminths and their impact in commercial small-scale chicken flocks in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam
- Author
-
Juan Carrique-Mas, Alexis Ribas, Guy E. Thwaites, Nguyen T.H. Nhi, Nguyen Van Cuong, Nguyen T. B. Van, Vo Be Hien, Nguyen Van Minh Hoang, Bach Tuan Kiet, and Nguyen Thi Phuong Yen
- Subjects
Veterinary medicine ,Farms ,Nematoda ,Nematodes ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Biology ,030308 mycology & parasitology ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,Food Animals ,Helminths ,parasitic diseases ,Prevalence ,Animals ,Ascaridia galli ,Poultry Diseases ,Anthelmintics ,2. Zero hunger ,0303 health sciences ,business.industry ,Cestodes ,Body Weight ,0402 animal and dairy science ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Poultry farming ,biology.organism_classification ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Raillietina tetragona ,Gastrointestinal Tract ,Raillietina cesticillus ,Vietnam ,Heterakis gallinarum ,Emerging farming systems ,Cestoda ,Raillietina echinobothrida ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Trematoda ,Flock ,Helminthiasis, Animal ,business ,Chickens ,Regular Articles - Abstract
Commercial small-scale chicken farms using all-in-all-out production but operating with low standards of hygiene/biosecurity are increasingly common in Vietnam. These conditions facilitate transmission of gastrointestinal helminths. However there are no published data on these parasites in these systems. The aims were: (1) to determine the prevalence/burden of gastrointestinal helminths in small-scale commercial flocks in commercial small-scale flocks in the Mekong Delta region; and (2) to investigate the association between worm burdens and birds’ weight and disease status. Randomly selected chickens (n=120) (‘normal’ flocks) were investigated at the end of their production cycle (∼18 weeks), as well as 90 chickens with signs of respiratory and/or severe disease. The gastrointestinal tract of chickens was dissected and all visible helminths were identified. 54.2% and 54.4% healthy and diseased chickens contained helminths. Diseased, colonized chickens harboured a higher mass of helminth worms (3.8 ±SD 8.6g) than colonized, healthy chickens (1.9 ±6.3g). Eight species were identified, three nematodes (Ascaridia galli, Cheilospirura hamulosa and Heterakis gallinarum), four cestodes (Hymenolepis, Raillietina cesticillus, Raillietina echinobothrida, Raillietina tetragona,) and one trematode (Echinostomatidae). Heterakis gallinarum was the most prevalent helminth (43.3% and 42.2% in healthy and sick chickens, respectively), followed by A. galli (26.7% and 41.1%). Colonized chickens weighed 101.5g less than non-colonized birds. Colonisation was significantly higher during the rainy months (May-November) for both H. gallinarum and A. galli. Anthelminthic usage was not associated with reduced helminth burdens. We recommend upgrading cleaning and disinfection and limiting access to ranging areas to control helminth infections in small-scale commercial chicken flocks.
- Published
- 2019
34. Reducing antimicrobial usage in small-scale chicken farms in Vietnam: A three-year intervention study
- Author
-
Bach Tuan Kiet, Vo Be Hien, Jonathan Rushton, N. T. T. Minh, G Thwaites, Juan Carrique-Mas, Ho Thi Viet Thu, Erry Setyawan, Bao Dinh Truong, L. K. Yen, Doan Hoang Phu, Pawin Padungtod, and Nv V. Cuong
- Subjects
business.industry ,Vietnamese ,Hazard ratio ,Psychological intervention ,Context (language use) ,Poultry farming ,Animal husbandry ,Antimicrobial ,language.human_language ,Toxicology ,language ,Medicine ,Flock ,business - Abstract
Indiscriminate antimicrobial use (AMU) in animal production is a driver of antimicrobial resistance globally, with a need to define sustainable AMU-reducing interventions in small-scale farms typical of low- and middle-income countries. We conducted a before-and-after intervention study on a random sample of small-scale chicken farms in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta from 2016 to 2019. A baseline was established before providing farms (n=102) with veterinary advice on chicken health and husbandry, and antimicrobial replacement products. Thirty-five (34.2%) farms entered the intervention phase; the remainder no longer continued raising chickens. The intervention reduced AMU (−66%) (hazard ratio [HR]=0.34; p=0.002) (baseline 343.4 Animal Daily Doses per 1,000 chicken-days) and mortality (−40%) (HR=0.60; p=0.005) (weekly baseline 1.60 per 100). Chicken bodyweight increased by 100g (p=0.002) in intervention flocks. Our findings demonstrate that in the Vietnamese context, AMU can be substantially reduced in small-scale chicken farms without compromising flock health by providing veterinary advice.
- Published
- 2020
35. Prevalence of carbapenem resistance and its potential association with antimicrobial use in humans and animals in rural communities in Vietnam.
- Author
-
Nguyen Thi Phuong Yen, Nguyen Thi Nhung, Doan Hoang Phu, Nguyen Thi Thuy Dung, Nguyen Thi Bich Van, Bach Tuan Kiet, Vo Be Hien, Larsson, Mattias, Olson, Linus, Campbell, James, Nguyen Pham Nhu Quynh, Pham Thanh Duy, and Carrique-Mas, Juan
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. LEVELS OF SATISFACTION OF STUDENTS WHEN JOINING STUDENT EXCHANGE PROGRAMS ABROAD.
- Author
-
Vo Ngoc Hien
- Subjects
DEVELOPED countries ,DATA analysis ,STUDENTS ,STUDENT exchange programs - Abstract
Studying abroad has become a trend in the world and Vietnam. When studying overseas in developed countries, students are able to improve their professional skills in foreign languages and experience new cultures with people from different countries and territories. From there, they can expand relationships in many countries prepare for an open future ahead. This study was completed from the results of comparing and contrasting research, previous and current documents, combined with actual surveys and interviews. In the study, a survey method was adopted utilizing both qualitative and quantitative data. The participants of the study were selected using criterion sampling method, and were composed of 24 students who had taken part in the exchange programs of FTP University. The data were collected using a survey form in distance through various platforms such as Gmail, Facebook or Zalo. Research results showed that student satisfaction was very high when participating in international student exchange programs. It was also found out that students' need to study abroad was hidden and should be exploited to provide opportunities for students to develop their inherent capacities, contributing to adequate education and training at the tertiary education level in order to narrow the educational gap between developed and developing countries, especially during significant education development worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
37. Antimicrobial residues and resistance against critically important antimicrobials in non-typhoidal Salmonella from meat sold at wet markets and supermarkets in Vietnam
- Author
-
Truong Thi Quy Duong, James Campbell, Tran Thi Nhat, Bach Tuan Kiet, Pham Thi Ngoc, Nguyen Van Cuong, Vo Be Hien, Nguyen Thi Nhung, Guy E. Thwaites, Juan Carrique-Mas, Nguyen T.H. Nhi, Tran Thi Thu Hang, and Nguyen Thi Bich Van
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Serotype ,Veterinary medicine ,Salmonella ,Meat ,Livestock ,Swine ,media_common.quotation_subject ,030106 microbiology ,Biology ,Antimicrobial resistance ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,Article ,Poultry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Antibiotic resistance ,Anti-Infective Agents ,Hygiene ,Drug Resistance, Bacterial ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Animals ,media_common ,2. Zero hunger ,business.industry ,food and beverages ,General Medicine ,Antimicrobial ,Antimicrobial residues ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,3. Good health ,Multiple drug resistance ,030104 developmental biology ,Vietnam ,Multilocus sequence typing ,Cattle ,business ,Multilocus Sequence Typing ,Food Science - Abstract
Excessive antimicrobial usage and deficiencies in hygiene in meat production systems may result in undesirable human health hazards, such as the presence of antimicrobial drug residues and non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS), including antimicrobial resistant (AMR) NTS. Recently, Vietnam has witnessed the emergence of integrated intensive animal production systems, coexisting with more traditional, locally-sourced wet markets. To date no systematic studies have been carried out to compare health hazards in beef, pork and chicken in different production systems. We aimed to: (1) estimate the prevalence of antimicrobial residues in beef, pork and chicken meat; (2) investigate the prevalence and levels of NTS contamination; and (3) investigate serovar distribution and AMR against critically important antimicrobials by animal species and type of retail (wet market vs. supermarket) in Vietnam. Fresh pork, beef and chicken meat samples (N = 357) sourced from wet markets and supermarkets in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Hanoi and Dong Thap were screened for antimicrobial residues by PremiTest, and were further investigated by Charm II. Samples from HCMC (N = 113) were cultured using ISO 6579:2002/Amd 1:2007. NTS bacteria were quantified using a minimum probable number (MPN) technique. NTS isolates were assigned to serovar by Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST), and were investigated for their phenotypic susceptibility against 32 antimicrobials. A total of 26 (7.3%) samples tested positive by PremiTest (9.5% beef, 4.1% pork and 8.4% chicken meat). Sulfonamides, tetracyclines and macrolides were detected by Charm in 3.1%, 2.8% and 2.0% samples, respectively. Overall, meat samples from wet markets had a higher prevalence of residues than those from supermarkets (9.6% vs. 2.6%) (p = 0.016). NTS were isolated from 68.4% samples from HCMC. Chicken samples from wet markets had by far the highest NTS counts (median 3.2 log MPN/g). NTS isolates displayed high levels of resistance against quinolones (52.2%) and β-lactams (49.6%), but low levels against 3rd generation cephalosporins (4.4%) and aminoglycosides (0.8%). The highest adjusted prevalence of multidrug resistance (MDR) corresponded to isolates from chicken meat and pork (OR 8.3 and 1.8, respectively) (baseline = beef). S. Kentucky was the most common serovar identified (11 from chicken, 1 from beef) and 91.7% isolates was MDR. 11/12 isolates corresponded to ST198, a worldwide-disseminated multi-resistant NTS clone. We recommend stepping up policy measures to promote responsible antimicrobial use in animal production, as well as awareness about withdrawal periods to limit the hazard of residues in animal products, and improving slaughtering/hygiene procedures to limit cross-contamination with NTS, particularly in poultry wet markets., Highlights • Antimicrobial residues were found in 7.3% meat samples (9.6% in meat from wet markets and 2.6% in meat from supermarkets). • Over two thirds (68.4%) of meat samples were contaminated with non-typhoidal Salmonella; 52.2% of isolates were multidrug resistant. • Chicken meat from wet markets had the highest loads of contamination with non-typhoidal Salmonella (median 3.2 log MPN/g in positive samples). • Multidrug resistance was highest in Salmonella from chicken meat, and lowest in beef; the type of retail was not linked to increased resistance. • The most commonly identified serovar was multidrug resistant Salmonella Kentucky ST198, with high levels resistance against β-lactams and quinolones.
- Published
- 2018
38. Early pandemic influenza (2009 H1N1) in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: a clinical virological and epidemiological analysis.
- Author
-
Tran Tinh Hien, Maciej F Boni, Juliet E Bryant, Tran Thuy Ngan, Marcel Wolbers, Tran Dang Nguyen, Nguyen Thanh Truong, Nguyen Thi Dung, Do Quang Ha, Vo Minh Hien, Tran Tan Thanh, Le Nguyen Truc Nhu, Le Thi Tam Uyen, Pham Thi Nhien, Nguyen Tran Chinh, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Jeremy Farrar, and H Rogier van Doorn
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
BackgroundTo date, little is known about the initial spread and response to the 2009 pandemic of novel influenza A ("2009 H1N1") in tropical countries. Here, we analyse the early progression of the epidemic from 26 May 2009 until the establishment of community transmission in the second half of July 2009 in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam. In addition, we present detailed systematic viral clearance data on 292 isolated and treated patients and the first three cases of selection of resistant virus during treatment in Vietnam.Methods and findingsData sources included all available health reports from the Ministry of Health and relevant health authorities as well as clinical and laboratory data from the first confirmed cases isolated at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases in HCMC. Extensive reverse transcription (RT)-PCR diagnostics on serial samples, viral culture, neuraminidase-inhibition testing, and sequencing were performed on a subset of 2009 H1N1 confirmed cases. Virological (PCR status, shedding) and epidemiological (incidence, isolation, discharge) data were combined to reconstruct the initial outbreak and the establishment of community transmission. From 27 April to 24 July 2009, approximately 760,000 passengers who entered HCMC on international flights were screened at the airport by a body temperature scan and symptom questionnaire. Approximately 0.15% of incoming passengers were intercepted, 200 of whom tested positive for 2009 H1N1 by RT-PCR. An additional 121 out of 169 nontravelers tested positive after self-reporting or contact tracing. These 321 patients spent 79% of their PCR-positive days in isolation; 60% of PCR-positive days were spent treated and in isolation. Influenza-like illness was noted in 61% of patients and no patients experienced pneumonia or severe outcomes. Viral clearance times were similar among patient groups with differing time intervals from illness onset to treatment, with estimated median clearance times between 2.6 and 2.8 d post-treatment for illness-to-treatment intervals of 1-4 d, and 2.0 d (95% confidence interval 1.5-2.5) when treatment was started on the first day of illness.ConclusionsThe patients described here represent a cross-section of infected individuals that were identified by temperature screening and symptom questionnaires at the airport, as well as mildly symptomatic to moderately ill patients who self-reported to hospitals. Data are observational and, although they are suggestive, it is not possible to be certain whether the containment efforts delayed community transmission in Vietnam. Viral clearance data assessed by RT-PCR showed a rapid therapeutic response to oseltamivir.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Kinetics of neutralizing antibodies in patients naturally infected by H5N1 virus.
- Author
-
Philippe Buchy, Sirenda Vong, Simon Chu, Jean-Michel Garcia, Tran Tinh Hien, Vo Minh Hien, Mey Channa, Do Quang Ha, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Cameron Simmons, Jeremy J Farrar, Malik Peiris, and Menno D de Jong
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BackgroundLittle is known about the kinetics of anti-H5 neutralizing antibodies in naturally H5N1-infected patients with severe clinical illness or asymptomatic infection.MethodsUsing H5N1 microneutralisation (MN) and H5-pseudotype particle-based microneutralisation assays (H5pp) we analyzed sera sequentially obtained from 11 severely ill patients diagnosed by RT-PCR (follow-up range 1-139 weeks of disease onset) and 31 asymptomatically infected individuals detected in a sero-epidemiological study after exposure to H5N1 virus (follow-up range: 1-2 month-11 months after exposure).ResultsOf 44 sera from 11 patients with H5N1 disease, 70% tested positive by MN (antibody titre > or = 80) after 2 weeks and 100% were positive by 3 weeks after disease onset. The geometric mean MN titers in severely ill patients were 540 at 1-2 months and 173 at 10-12 months and thus were higher than the titers from asymptomatic individuals (149 at 1-2 months, 62.2 at 10-12 months). Fractional polynomial regression analysis demonstrated that in all severely ill patients, positive titers persisted beyond 2 years of disease onset, while 10 of 23 sera collected 10-11 months after exposure in asymptomatically infected individuals tested negative.ConclusionsOur results indicate that people with asymptomatic H5N1 infection have lower H5N1 antibody titres compared to those with severe illness and that in many asymptomatically infected patients the antibody titer decreased to levels below the threshold of positivity within one year. These data are essential for the design and interpretation of sero-epidemiological studies.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Chemical constituents and antibacterial activity of essential oil of Vitex rotundifolia from Southern Vietnam
- Author
-
VAN, Hong Thien, primary, TRAN, Vo Thu Hien, additional, TON, Nu Han Ni, additional, LUU, Thao Nguyen, additional, HUYNH, Nguyen Tuong An, additional, and LE, Van Son, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Fatal avian influenza A (H5N1) in a child presenting with diarrhea followed by coma
- Author
-
Jong, Menno D. de, Bach Van Cam, Phan Tu Qui, Vo Minh Hien, Tran Tan Thanh, Tran Tinh Hien, Nguyen Bach Hue, Do Quang Ha, Farrar, Jeremy, Beld, Marcel, Le Thi Phuong, v, and Nguyen Van Vinh Chau
- Subjects
Diagnostic errors -- Case studies ,Diarrhea in children -- Diagnosis ,Diarrhea in children -- Case studies ,Avian influenza -- Diagnosis ,Avian influenza -- Case studies - Abstract
A four-year-old in southern Vietnam presented with severe diarrhea, followed by seizures, coma and death. The patient was diagnosed with avian influenza A (H5N1), acute encephalitis, by isolating the virus from cerebrospinal fluid, fecal, throat, and serum specimens.
- Published
- 2005
42. Cassaine Diterpenoid Amide from Stem Bark of Erythrophleum fordii Suppresses Cytotoxic and Induces Apoptosis of Human Leukemia Cells
- Author
-
Nguyen, Tu Thanh Thi, primary, To, Dao Cuong, additional, Vo, Phuong Hien Thi, additional, Tran, Thanh Hoa, additional, Nguyen, Phi Hung, additional, Nguyen, Hien Minh, additional, and Tran, Manh Hung, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Antimicrobial use through consumption of medicated feeds in chicken flocks in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam: A three-year study before a ban on antimicrobial growth promoters
- Author
-
Doan Hoang Phu, Vo Be Hien, Nguyen Van Cuong, Bach Tuan Kiet, Marc Choisy, Guy E. Thwaites, Bao Dinh Truong, Juan Carrique-Mas, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit [Ho Chi Minh City] (OUCRU), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])
- Subjects
Chlortetracycline ,Swine ,Economics ,Social Sciences ,Economic Geography ,Poultry ,0403 veterinary science ,Toxicology ,Anti-Infective Agents ,Animal Products ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Resource Management ,Gamefowl ,Animal Husbandry ,Animal Management ,Mammals ,2. Zero hunger ,0303 health sciences ,Multidisciplinary ,Geography ,Antimicrobials ,Eukaryota ,Drugs ,Agriculture ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Rations ,Antimicrobial ,3. Good health ,Vietnam ,Vertebrates ,Medicine ,Low and Middle Income Countries ,Research Article ,medicine.drug ,Livestock ,Meat ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Animal feed ,Science ,Enramycin ,Context (language use) ,Oxytetracycline ,Biology ,Microbiology ,Birds ,03 medical and health sciences ,Microbial Control ,medicine ,Animals ,Poultry Diseases ,Nutrition ,Pharmacology ,[SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health ,030306 microbiology ,Organisms ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Animal Feed ,Diet ,Fowl ,Food ,13. Climate action ,Amniotes ,Earth Sciences ,Colistin ,Antimicrobial Resistance ,Flock ,Chickens ,Zoology ,[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition - Abstract
Antimicrobials are included in commercial animal feed rations in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We measured antimicrobial use (AMU) in commercial feed products consumed by 338 small-scale chicken flocks in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam, before a gradual nationwide ban on prophylactic use of antimicrobials (including in commercial feeds) to be introduced in the country over the coming five years. We inspected the labels of commercial feeds and calculated amounts of antimicrobial active ingredients (AAIs) given to flocks. We framed these results in the context of overall AMU in chicken production, and highlighted those products that did not comply with Government regulations. Thirty-five of 99 (35.3%) different antimicrobial-containing feed products included at least one AAI. Eight different AAIs (avilamycin, bacitracin, chlortetracycline, colistin, enramycin, flavomycin, oxytetracycline, virginamycin) belonging to five classes were identified. Brooding feeds contained antimicrobials the most (60.0%), followed by grower (40.9%) and finisher feeds (20.0%). Quantitatively, chlortetracycline was consumed most (42.2 mg/kg SEM ±0.34; 50.0% of total use), followed by enramycin (18.4 mg/kg SEM ±0.03, 21.8%), bacitracin (16.4 mg/kg SEM ±0.20, 19.4%) and colistin (6.40 mg/kg SEM ± 4.21;7.6%). Other antimicrobials consumed were virgianamycin, avilamycin, flavomycin and oxytetracycline (each ≤0.50 mg/kg). Antimicrobials in commercial feeds were more commonly given to flocks in the earlier part of the production cycle. A total of 10 (9.3%) products were not compliant with existing Vietnamese regulation (06/2016/TT-BNNPTNT) either because they included a non-authorised AAI (4), had AAIs over the permitted limits (4), or both (2). A number of commercial feed formulations examined included colistin (polymyxin E), a critically important antimicrobial of highest priority for human medicine. These results illustrate the challenges for effective implementation and enforcement of restrictions of antimicrobials in commercial feeds in LMICs. Results from this study should help encourage discussion about policies on medicated feeds in LMICs.
- Published
- 2021
44. The use of alternative assessment in language teaching context
- Author
-
Diep, Anh Nguyet, Chang, Zhu, Vo, Minh Hien, Online and Blended Learning Competence Center, EU-China Higher Education Research Center, Educational Science, and Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences
- Subjects
Arts and Humanities(all) ,Second/foreign language teaching and assessment ,Alternative/formative assessment ,Social Sciences(all) ,portfolio assessment - Abstract
To support students' learning, new approaches to assessment are implemented next to innovative methods of English as a second language (L2) or foreign language teaching (EFL). Alternative forms of assessment of a formative rather than a summative nature are increasingly endorsed by language teaching faculty. Among these, there has been a growing trend in the use of portfolio assessment. Nevertheless, as portfolio assessment has been mainly implemented in other fields such as visual arts, health, and architecture, its relevance, reliability, and validity in L2 and EFL are still topics worth researching. The aim of this book chapter is to review the theoretical basis of alternative or formative assessment and the implementation of one of its types, namely portfolio assessment in L2 and EFL contexts. A thematic literature review was conducted based on the predetermined research objectives. The findings revealed that portfolio assessment has resulted in enhanced learning accompanied by affective and metacognitivebenefits. However, issues related to the reliability of assessment criteria, students' treatment and provision of feedback, and students' reflection and capacity in compiling portfolios are still factors that hinder successful portfolio implementation in L2 and EFL writing courses. Based on the findings, implications for pedagogical practices and research are put forward.
- Published
- 2019
45. Chemical constituents and antibacterial activity of essential oil of Vitex rotundifolia from Southern Vietnam.
- Author
-
Hong Thien VAN, Vo Thu Hien TRAN, Nu Han Ni TON, Thao Nguyen LUU, Nguyen Tuong An HUYNH, and Van Son LE
- Subjects
- *
ESSENTIAL oils , *VITEX , *MASS spectrometry , *GAS chromatography - Abstract
In present study, we identified the chemical composition of essential oil which was isolated from the leaves of Vitex rotundifolia using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC- MS) analysis for the first time. A total of eighteen compounds were identified from essential oil, including sclareol (29.01%); sandaracopimarinal (16.51%); abietadiene (15.65%); androsta-4,6- dien-3-one, 17-hydroxy-, (17ß)- (8.12%); abietal (6.45%); dehydroabietan (5.02%); verticiol (4.89%) as major constituents. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of the essential oils isolated from of the leaves of studied species has also been evaluated in the first time. The results proved that the essential oils could inhibit the growth of six pathogenic bacterial strains which the diameter of the growth inhibition zone of S. aureus, B. cereus, P. aeruginosa, S. enteritidis, S. typhimurium, E. coli were 27.3±0.6mm, 24.5±1.8mm, 24.3±0.8mm, 21.2±1.2mm, 8.8±0.3mm, 8.3±0.3mm, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Relative benefits of on-plot water supply over other ‘improved’ sources in rural Vietnam
- Author
-
Marion W. Jenkins, Vo Thi Hien, Kaida Liang, Mark D. Sobsey, Erin L. Printy, Lauren Thie, Joe Brown, and Lanakila McMahan
- Subjects
Diarrhea ,Male ,Rural Population ,education ,Water source ,Water supply ,Water Supply ,Water Quality ,Humans ,Longitudinal Studies ,Prospective Studies ,Prevalence ratio ,Socioeconomics ,Family Characteristics ,Diarrhoeal disease ,business.industry ,Drinking Water ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Infectious Diseases ,Geography ,Vietnam ,Health ,Female ,Parasitology ,Water quality ,business - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Access to improved water sources is rapidly expanding in rural central Vietnam. We examined one NGO-led piped water supply programme to assess the drinking water quality and health impacts of piped water systems where access to 'improved' water sources is already good. METHODS: This longitudinal, prospective cohort study followed 300 households in seven project areas in Da Nang province, Vietnam: 224 households who paid for an on-plot piped water connection and 76 control households from the same areas relying primarily on 'improved' water sources outside the home. The 4-month study was intended to measure the impact of the NGO-led water programmes on households' drinking water quality and health and to evaluate system performance. RESULTS: We found that: (i) households connected to a piped water supply had consistently better drinking water quality than those relying on other sources, including 'improved' sources and (ii) connected households experienced less diarrhoea than households without a piped water connection (adjusted longitudinal prevalence ratio: 0.57 (95% CI 0.39-0.86, P = 0.006) and households using an 'improved' source not piped to the plot: (adjusted longitudinal prevalence ratio: 0.59 (95% CI 0.39-0.91, P = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that on-plot water service yields benefits over other sources that are considered 'improved' by the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme.
- Published
- 2012
47. High levels of contamination and antimicrobial-resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars on pig and poultry farms in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam
- Author
-
Juliet E. Bryant, James Campbell, Ngo Thi Hoa, Voong Vinh Phat, Vo Be Hien, Nguyen Van Minh Hoang, D. T. Duy, Juan Carrique-Mas, Nguyen Van Cuong, Le Thi Phuong Tu, Guy E. Thwaites, Bach Tuan Kiet, Stephen Baker, and Corinne N. Thompson
- Subjects
Serotype ,Salmonella ,Veterinary medicine ,Nalidixic acid ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Epidemiology ,Swine ,animal diseases ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Poultry ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,Feces ,Antibiotic resistance ,Ampicillin ,Drug Resistance, Bacterial ,medicine ,Prevalence ,Animals ,Gastrointestinal Infections ,Animal Husbandry ,Serotyping ,2. Zero hunger ,0303 health sciences ,Salmonella Infections, Animal ,030306 microbiology ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Original Papers ,zoonoses ,Multiple drug resistance ,Ciprofloxacin ,Infectious Diseases ,Vietnam ,Environmental Pollution ,medicine.drug - Abstract
SUMMARYWe investigated the prevalence, diversity, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of non-typhoidalSalmonella(NTS) and associated risk factors on 341 pig, chicken, and duck farms in Dong Thap province (Mekong Delta, Vietnam). Sampling was stratified by species, district (four categories), and farm size (three categories). Pooled faeces, collected using boot swabs, were tested using ISO 6575: 2002 (Annex D). Isolates were serogrouped; group B isolates were tested by polymerase chain reaction to detectS.Typhimurium and (monophasic) serovar 4,[5],12:i:- variants. The farm-level adjusted NTS prevalence was 64·7%, 94·3% and 91·3% for chicken, duck and pig farms, respectively. Factors independently associated with NTS were duck farms [odds ratio (OR) 21·2], farm with >50 pigs (OR 11·9), pig farm with 5–50 pigs (OR 4·88) (vs. chickens), and frequent rodent sightings (OR 2·3). BothS. Typhimurium and monophasicS.Typhimurium were more common in duck farms. Isolates had a high prevalence of resistance (77·6%) against tetracycline, moderate resistance (20–30%) against chloramphenicol, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, ampicillin and nalidixic acid, and low resistance (S.Typhimurium and other group B isolates (excludingS. Typhimurium) and pig farms. The unusually high prevalence of NTS on Mekong Delta farms poses formidable challenges for control.
- Published
- 2016
48. Changes in the hemagglutinin of H5N1 viruses during human infection - Influence on receptor binding
- Author
-
Steve J. Gamblin, Stephen R. Martin, Junfeng Liu, P.J. Coombs, Vo Minh Hien, Tran Tinh Hien, Tran Tan Thanh, Jeremy Farrar, H. Rogier van Doorn, Ten Feizi, D.J. Stevens, Lam Anh Nguyet, Mikhail Matrosovich, Harald S. Conradt, Angelina S. Palma, Yan Liu, Robert A. Childs, Zi-Qiang Chen, Le Nguyen Truc Nhu, Alan J. Hay, Yi Pu Lin, Wengang Chai, Martin Crusat, Stephen A. Wharton, John J. Skehel, Menno D. de Jong, Makoto Kiso, Do Quang Ha, Other departments, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, and Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity
- Subjects
H5N1 influenza infection ,Biolayer interferometry ,Protein Conformation ,Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ,Plasma protein binding ,Acoplamiento Viral ,Crystallography, X-Ray ,medicine.disease_cause ,Poultry ,Protein structure ,Mutación Missense ,Hemagglutinin ,Receptor ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Pyrosequencing ,Hemagglutinin X-ray crystal structure ,Phenotype ,3. Good health ,Receptor specificity ,Synthetic sialylglycopolymers ,RNA, Viral ,Receptors, Virus ,Protein Binding ,Viral protein ,Mutation, Missense ,Virus Attachment ,Hemagglutinin (influenza) ,Proteínas Mutantes ,Article ,Virus ,03 medical and health sciences ,Virology ,Influenza, Human ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Hemagglutination assays ,030304 developmental biology ,Carbohydrate microarray ,Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype ,030306 microbiology ,Gripe Aviar ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,Cristalografía por Rayos X ,Glicoproteínas Hemaglutininas del Virus de la Influenza ,Subtipo H5N1 del Virus de la Influenza A ,Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 ,Influenza in Birds ,biology.protein ,Receptor binding ,Mutant Proteins - Abstract
As avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses continue to circulate in Asia and Africa, global concerns of an imminent pandemic persist. Recent experimental studies suggest that efficient transmission between humans of current H5N1 viruses only requires a few genetic changes. An essential step is alteration of the virus hemagglutinin from preferential binding to avian receptors for the recognition of human receptors present in the upper airway. We have identified receptor-binding changes which emerged during H5N1 infection of humans, due to single amino acid substitutions, Ala134Val and Ile151Phe, in the hemagglutinin. Detailed biological, receptor-binding, and structural analyses revealed reduced binding of the mutated viruses to avian-like receptors, but without commensurate increased binding to the human-like receptors investigated, possibly reflecting a receptor-binding phenotype intermediate in adaptation to more human-like characteristics. These observations emphasize that evolution in nature of avian H5N1 viruses to efficient binding of human receptors is a complex multistep process., Highlights • Changes in receptor binding of HA during H5N1 human infection were identified. • Single A134V and L151F substitutions caused reduced affinity for avian receptors. • Glycan array analyses were used to identify changes in receptor binding specificity. • Structural basis for altered receptor binding was examined by X-ray crystallography.
- Published
- 2016
49. Kinetics of neutralizing antibodies in patients naturally infected by H5N1 virus
- Author
-
J. S. Malik Peiris, Philippe Buchy, Tran Tinh Hien, Jean-Michel Garcia, Simon Chu, Cameron P. Simmons, Mey Channa, Menno D. de Jong, Vo Minh Hien, Jeremy Farrar, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Sirenda Vong, Do Quang Ha, Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, and Faculteit der Geneeskunde
- Subjects
Time Factors ,Disease ,Antibodies, Viral ,Gastroenterology ,Serology ,Antibodies, Viral - immunology ,0302 clinical medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,H5N1 virus ,0303 health sciences ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Antibody titer ,General Medicine ,Virology/Diagnosis ,3. Good health ,Titer ,Vietnam ,Medicine ,Regression Analysis ,Antibody ,medicine.symptom ,Cambodia ,Research Article ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Science ,Asymptomatic ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Virology/Emerging Viral Diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,Immune system ,Neutralization Tests ,Virology ,Internal medicine ,Influenza, Human ,medicine ,Humans ,030304 developmental biology ,Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype ,Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype - classification - immunology ,Antibodies, Neutralizing - immunology ,Antibodies, Neutralizing ,Kinetics ,030228 respiratory system ,Poster Presentation ,biology.protein ,Influenza, Human - blood - immunology ,Virology/Host Antiviral Responses - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the kinetics of anti-H5 neutralizing antibodies in naturally H5N1-infected patients with severe clinical illness or asymptomatic infection. METHODS: Using H5N1 microneutralisation (MN) and H5-pseudotype particle-based microneutralisation assays (H5pp) we analyzed sera sequentially obtained from 11 severely ill patients diagnosed by RT-PCR (follow-up range 1-139 weeks of disease onset) and 31 asymptomatically infected individuals detected in a sero-epidemiological study after exposure to H5N1 virus (follow-up range: 1-2 month-11 months after exposure). RESULTS: Of 44 sera from 11 patients with H5N1 disease, 70% tested positive by MN (antibody titre > or = 80) after 2 weeks and 100% were positive by 3 weeks after disease onset. The geometric mean MN titers in severely ill patients were 540 at 1-2 months and 173 at 10-12 months and thus were higher than the titers from asymptomatic individuals (149 at 1-2 months, 62.2 at 10-12 months). Fractional polynomial regression analysis demonstrated that in all severely ill patients, positive titers persisted beyond 2 years of disease onset, while 10 of 23 sera collected 10-11 months after exposure in asymptomatically infected individuals tested negative. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that people with asymptomatic H5N1 infection have lower H5N1 antibody titres compared to those with severe illness and that in many asymptomatically infected patients the antibody titer decreased to levels below the threshold of positivity within one year. These data are essential for the design and interpretation of sero-epidemiological studies., published_or_final_version
- Published
- 2016
50. The effect of blended learning on student performance at course-level A meta-analysis (JURE 2016 Conference paper)
- Author
-
Vo, Minh Hien, Chang, Zhu, Diep, Anh Nguyet, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Educational Science, EU-China Higher Education Research Center, and Online and Blended Learning Competence Center
- Subjects
meta-analysis ,student performance ,blended learning - Abstract
The current research aims to study the impact of blended learning on the academic achievement of higher education students. To gain an in-depth understanding of the investigation, a meta-analysis study was designed to perform a statistical synthesis of studies contrasting student performance with blended learning conditions with those of traditional classroom instruction. More specifically, we include students’ disciplines and the instructors’ end-course evaluation as moderating variables. A literature search on relevant databases with five inclusion criteria developed for the purpose of the study yields 26 relevant studies with 33 effect sizes. After the data set has been finalized, effect size and moderating variables were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis package. The results show that blended learning demonstrates a small summary effect (g+ = 0.386, p < .05) in comparison to traditional teaching method. Although the meta-regression indicated no significant differences between disciplines and between end-of-course evaluation methods, the mean effect sizes were in hard disciplines (g+ = 0.507) was found to be twice as much as that of soft disciplines (g+ = 0.236). Similarly, the mean effect size in studies using formative evaluation (g+ = .495) as end-of-course assessment was higher than that of studies using summative measures (g+ =.238). As for implication, we suggest that blended learning can be a useful alternative in both disciplines if the blend between online and face-to-face are informed by instructional design and efficiently augmented by technologies.
- Published
- 2016
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.