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Background: Buxtonellosis is a disease caused by intestinal ciliated protozoan Buxtonella sulcata. This intestinal ciliate may result in subclinical infection or clinical disease including diarrhoea, so systematic epidemiology investigation was done in and around Haryana. Methods: Total of 800 faecal samples were collected in year 2016-2017 by multi-stage stratified random sampling from buffaloes of Haryana. Effect of age (1-6 and >6 months), sex (male and female), floor (Kutcha and Pukka), clinical manifestation (Diarrhoea and non-diarrhoea) and season were studied. Result: In total 477 (59.12%) buffaloes were infected with B. sulcata in Haryana. According to sex, 68.27% male and 56.35% female were infected with B. sulcata, respectively. Age-wise prevalence in 1-6 months and above 6 months was 60.75% and 57.5%, respectively. Prevalence of infection on Katcha and Pakka floor was 65.85% and 56.13% respectively, with a significant difference. Buffaloes with diarrhoea were more likely to be B. sulcata positive (85%) than the buffaloes without diarrhoea (46.66%) with a significant difference. Buffaloes were having more infection in monsoon (78.18%) followed by summer (58.36%) and winter (38.13) with a significant difference. Animals having diarrhoea with intensity of infection above 10 (+++) cyst/trophozoites were 89.40% (+++) followed by 6-10 (++) cyst/trophozoites 63.50% and 1-5 (+) cyst/trophozoites 39.98%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was aimed at the identification, molecular characterization, and risk factor assessment of Theileria infection among sheep of Haryana province, north India. A total of 402 blood samples were collected from three different climatic zones of Haryana from March 2020 to September 2021. Light microscopy of blood smears revealed Theileria spp. infection in 47.26% (n = 190), while 60.94% (n = 245) of blood samples were positive using nested PCR. Extensive molecular characterization of Theileria infection using four pairs of species-specific primers indicated the dominance of T. ovis (29.1%) followed by T. lestoquardi (12.69%), T. luwenshuni (5.97%) and T. annulata (1.49%). Mixed infection was detected in 11.69% of cases. Bidirectional sequencing and phylogeny further confirmed the presence of these four Theileria spp. in the investigated area under study. Hematology indicated a significant (p < 0.01) reduction in various haematological indices of animals infected with T. luwenshuni and T. lestoquardi compared to the healthy control group. Risk factors like age, sex, and zone were significantly associated with Theileria infection in sheep. The present investigation depicts the first comprehensive molecular report of ovine Theileria spp., which warrants further study to develop suitable control strategies against these haemoparasitic infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A Rottweiler male dog carcass (7 years) with clinical history of inappetence, pyrexia, diarrhoea and nasal discharge was received in the post mortem hall of the Department of Veterinary Pathology, LUVAS, Hisar, Haryana. The current work was aimed to study the clinical history, pathological and parasitological examination in the Rottweiler male dog carcass. Methods: After collection of the samples, laboratory work was undertaken in the laboratories of Department of Veterinary Pathology and Veterinary Parasitology, LUVAS, Hisar, Haryana (India) in the year 2018-2019 regarding the examination of the clinical history, pathological and parasitological investigation. Result: Necropsy revealed anaemic mucous membranes; pale conjunctiva; hydrothorax; hydroperitoneum; lungs and heart were congested, blackish discolouration of liver; fully distended gall bladder; congested along with thickened intestinal mucosa; intestinal lumen contained white nematode as well as long creamy cestodes identified as Toxocara canis and Dipylidium caninum, respectively. Histopathologically, intestine revealed presence of severe fibrino-necrotic enteritis characterized by infiltration of mono nuclear cells, degeneration and desquamation of microvilli, congested blood vessels and haemorrhages. Spleen revealed acute splenitis with presence of severe hemorrhages along with neutrophilic infiltration. Liver revealed areas of necrotic hepatitis. The case was confirmed as parasitic fibino-necrotic enteritis due to mixed infection by Toxocara canis and Dipylidium caninum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]