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Background: It has been suggested from several animal studies and clinical observations that congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) with pulmonary hypoplasia is accompanied by a disturbed perinatal ion transport. This could lead to respiratory distress due to slower clearance of fetal lung fluid at birth. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether CDH is related to changes in the expression of three rate-limiting transporter proteins in lung epithelium at birth. Methods: Tracheal aspirate was collected from 12 newborn infants with CDH and from 8 newborn control patients. Sampling was performed at postnatal age 18 and at 43 h in the CDH group and at 18 h in the control group. The protein abundance of α-, β- and γ-epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC), aquaporin 5 and Na+, K+-ATPase α1 was analyzed using semiquantitative immunoblotting. Results: The levels of β-ENaC, γ-ENaC and Na+, K+-ATPase α1 collected at 18 h postnatally were significantly lower in CDH infants compared to control infants. In the CDH group, no significant difference in the expression of the ENaC subunits, Na+, K+-ATPase α1 or aquaporin 5 could be detected between the two sampling time points. Conclusions: This downregulation may result in an abnormal lung fluid absorption which could be an important mechanism behind the respiratory distress seen in newborn CDH patients. Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used in severe respiratory and/or circulatory failure when conventional critical care fails. Studies on patients with hematologic malignancies on ECMO have shown contradictory results; immunosuppression and coagulopathy are relative contraindications to ECMO., Observations: This nationwide Swedish retrospective chart review identified 958 children with hematologic malignancies of whom 12 (1.3%) required ECMO support. Eight patients survived ECMO, 7 the total intensive care period, and 6 survived the underlying malignancy., Conclusions: ECMO may be considered in children with hematologic malignancy. Short-term and long-term survival, in this limited group, was similar to that of children on ECMO at large., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: It has been suggested from several animal studies and clinical observations that congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) with pulmonary hypoplasia is accompanied by a disturbed perinatal ion transport. This could lead to respiratory distress due to slower clearance of fetal lung fluid at birth., Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether CDH is related to changes in the expression of three rate-limiting transporter proteins in lung epithelium at birth., Methods: Tracheal aspirate was collected from 12 newborn infants with CDH and from 8 newborn control patients. Sampling was performed at postnatal age 18 and at 43 h in the CDH group and at 18 h in the control group. The protein abundance of α-, β- and γ-epithelial Na(+) channel (ENaC), aquaporin 5 and Na(+), K(+)-ATPase α(1) was analyzed using semiquantitative immunoblotting., Results: The levels of β-ENaC, γ-ENaC and Na(+), K(+)-ATPase α(1) collected at 18 h postnatally were significantly lower in CDH infants compared to control infants. In the CDH group, no significant difference in the expression of the ENaC subunits, Na(+), K(+)-ATPase α(1) or aquaporin 5 could be detected between the two sampling time points., Conclusions: This downregulation may result in an abnormal lung fluid absorption which could be an important mechanism behind the respiratory distress seen in newborn CDH patients., (Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel.)