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3. Comparing drug testing methods in the trucking industry: The drug and alcohol clearinghouse versus hair testing.

Author

Voss, M. Douglas, Cangelosi, Joseph D., and Li, Ming

Subjects
*DRUG use testing, *TRUCKING, *TRANSPORT workers, *TRUCK testing, *URINALYSIS
Abstract

The Omnibus Transportation Employee Testing Act of 1991 mandated urine drug testing for U.S. truck drivers but some trucking companies prefer hair testing because it has a longer look back period and better detects lifestyle drug users. Previous research established that 276,500 current truck drivers may be disqualified if they submitted to hair drug tests instead of federally accepted urinalysis. This research compares hair and urine drug test results provided by eight U.S. trucking companies who are members of the alliance for driver safety and security (i.e., the trucking alliance) with urine test results drawn from the federal drug and alcohol clearinghouse to determine the differences in hair versus urine positivity rates and drugs detected. Results indicate that hair testing has a 6.00% positivity rate, 4.01% higher than urine. If this difference were generalized to the drivers who submitted urine tests to the drug and alcohol clearinghouse, hair testing would have likely disqualified 57,337 additional drivers in 2020. Results further indicate urine testing is better able to detect marijuana while hair testing is superior in detecting cocaine and opioids. This implies federal agencies should consider allowing hair test results to be submitted to the drug and alcohol clearinghouse to support a more drug‐free driver workforce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. 10 Must Knows from Biodiversity Science 2024

Author

Thonicke, K., Rahner, E., Arneth, A., Bonn, Aletta, Borchard, N., Chaudhary, A., Darbi, Marianne, Dutta, T., Eberle, U., Eisenhauer, N., Farwig, N., Flocco, C.G., Freitag, J., Grobe, P., Grosch, R., Grossart, H.-P., Grosse, A., Grützmacher, K., Hagemann, Nina, Hansjürgens, Bernd, Hartman Scholz, A., Hassenrück, C., Häuser, C., Hickler, T., Hölker, F., Jacob, U., Jähnig, S.C., Jürgens, K., Kramer-Schadt, S., Kretsch, C., Krug, C., Lakner, S., Lindner, J.P., Loft, L., Mann, C., Matzdorf, B., Mehring, M., Meier, R., Meusemann, K., Müller, D., Nieberg, M., Overmann, J., Peters, R.S., Pörtner, L., Pradhan, P., Prochnow, A., Rduch, V., Reyer, C., Roos, C., Scherber, C., Scheunemann, N., Schroer, S., Schuck, A., Sioen, G.B., Sommer, S., Sommerwerk, N., Tanneberger, F., Tockner, K., van der Voort, H., Veenstra, T., Verburg, P., Voss, M., Warner, B., Wende, W., Wesche, K., Thonicke, K., Rahner, E., Arneth, A., Bonn, Aletta, Borchard, N., Chaudhary, A., Darbi, Marianne, Dutta, T., Eberle, U., Eisenhauer, N., Farwig, N., Flocco, C.G., Freitag, J., Grobe, P., Grosch, R., Grossart, H.-P., Grosse, A., Grützmacher, K., Hagemann, Nina, Hansjürgens, Bernd, Hartman Scholz, A., Hassenrück, C., Häuser, C., Hickler, T., Hölker, F., Jacob, U., Jähnig, S.C., Jürgens, K., Kramer-Schadt, S., Kretsch, C., Krug, C., Lakner, S., Lindner, J.P., Loft, L., Mann, C., Matzdorf, B., Mehring, M., Meier, R., Meusemann, K., Müller, D., Nieberg, M., Overmann, J., Peters, R.S., Pörtner, L., Pradhan, P., Prochnow, A., Rduch, V., Reyer, C., Roos, C., Scherber, C., Scheunemann, N., Schroer, S., Schuck, A., Sioen, G.B., Sommer, S., Sommerwerk, N., Tanneberger, F., Tockner, K., van der Voort, H., Veenstra, T., Verburg, P., Voss, M., Warner, B., Wende, W., and Wesche, K.

Abstract

"There are no scientifically justified obstacles to protecting biodiversity in all its beauty and diversity. There are only six years left to achieve the biodiversity targets by 2030. We must work together now to get there in time."In the 10 Must Knows from Biodiversity Science 2024, 64 scientists have further developed their well-founded and diverse findings and recommendations from the 10MustKnows22. The content of the ten selected key areas of the Earth-human system is supplemented by relevant publications from 2022 and 2023 and linked to the 23 global goals of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) adopted in December 2022. The authors are aware that the next six years until 2030 are essential for achieving an ecologically sustainable and socially just life on our planet in the medium and long term. With the 10MustKnows24, they want to actively contribute to accelerating the socio-ecological transformation by providing scientifically sound recommendations for politics and society.These are the 10MustKnows24: 1: Achieving climate and biodiversity protection together 2: Enabling a healthy life on a healthy planet 3: Considering undiscovered biodiversity 4: Linking linguistic, cultural and biological diversity 5: Harmonising the diverse use of forest ecosystems and biodiversity conservation 6: Transforming agricultural and food systems 7: Protecting land and resources 8: Releasing transformative change through international collaboration and Education for Sustainable Development 9: Ensuring free access and open use of biodiversity-related data 10: Reducing biodiversity impacts from food consumption

Published
2024

6. 10 Must Knows aus der Biodiversitätsforschung 2024

Author

Thonicke, K., Rahner, E., Arneth, A., Bonn, Aletta, Borchard, N., Chaudhary, A., Darbi, Marianne, Dutta, T., Eberle, U., Eisenhauer, N., Farwig, N., Flocco, C.G., Freitag, J., Grobe, P., Grosch, R., Grossart, H.-P., Grosse, A., Grützmacher, K., Hagemann, Nina, Hansjürgens, Bernd, Hartman Scholz, A., Hassenrück, C., Häuser, C., Hickler, T., Hölker, F., Jacob, U., Jähnig, S.C., Jürgens, K., Kramer-Schadt, S., Kretsch, C., Krug, C., Lakner, S., Lindner, J.P., Loft, L., Mann, C., Matzdorf, B., Mehring, M., Meier, R., Meusemann, K., Müller, D., Nieberg, M., Overmann, J., Peters, R.S., Pörtner, L., Pradhan, P., Prochnow, A., Rduch, V., Reyer, C., Roos, C., Scherber, C., Scheunemann, N., Schroer, S., Schuck, A., Sioen, G.B., Sommer, S., Sommerwerk, N., Tanneberger, F., Tockner, K., van der Voort, H., Veenstra, T., Verburg, P., Voss, M., Warner, B., Wende, W., Wesche, K., Thonicke, K., Rahner, E., Arneth, A., Bonn, Aletta, Borchard, N., Chaudhary, A., Darbi, Marianne, Dutta, T., Eberle, U., Eisenhauer, N., Farwig, N., Flocco, C.G., Freitag, J., Grobe, P., Grosch, R., Grossart, H.-P., Grosse, A., Grützmacher, K., Hagemann, Nina, Hansjürgens, Bernd, Hartman Scholz, A., Hassenrück, C., Häuser, C., Hickler, T., Hölker, F., Jacob, U., Jähnig, S.C., Jürgens, K., Kramer-Schadt, S., Kretsch, C., Krug, C., Lakner, S., Lindner, J.P., Loft, L., Mann, C., Matzdorf, B., Mehring, M., Meier, R., Meusemann, K., Müller, D., Nieberg, M., Overmann, J., Peters, R.S., Pörtner, L., Pradhan, P., Prochnow, A., Rduch, V., Reyer, C., Roos, C., Scherber, C., Scheunemann, N., Schroer, S., Schuck, A., Sioen, G.B., Sommer, S., Sommerwerk, N., Tanneberger, F., Tockner, K., van der Voort, H., Veenstra, T., Verburg, P., Voss, M., Warner, B., Wende, W., and Wesche, K.

Abstract

"Es gibt wissenschaftlich keine begründeten Hindernisse, die Biodiversität in ihrer Schönheit und Vielfalt zu schützen. Es bleiben nur noch sechs Jahre, um die Biodiversitätsziele bis 2030 zu erreichen. Dafür müssen wir jetzt gemeinsam anpacken."In den 10 Must-Knows aus der Biodiversitätsforschung 2024 haben 64 Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler ihre fundierten und vielseitigen Erkenntnisse und Empfehlungen aus den 10MustKnows22 weiterentwickelt. Die zehn ausgewählten Schlüsselbereiche des Erde-Mensch-Systems werden inhaltlich durch relevante Publikationen von 2022 und 2023 ergänzt und mit den im Dezember 2022 verabschiedeten 23 globalen Zielen des Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) verknüpft. Den Autorinnen und Autoren ist bewusst, dass die kommenden sechs Jahre bis 2030 wesentlich sind, um mittel- und langfristig ein ökologisch nachhaltiges und sozial gerechtes Leben auf unserer Erde zu erreichen. Mit den 10MustKnows24 möchten sie durch wissenschaftlich gesicherte Empfehlungen für Politik und Gesellschaft ihren aktiven Beitrag leisten, um die sozial-ökologische Transformation zu beschleunigen.Das sind die 10MustKnows24: 1. Klima- und Biodiversitätsschutz gemeinsam verwirklichen 2. Ein gesundes Leben auf einem gesunden Planeten ermöglichen 3. Unentdeckte Biodiversität beachten 4. Sprachliche, kulturelle und biologische Vielfalt verknüpfen 5. Vielfältige Nutzung von Waldökosystemen und Biodiversitätsschutz in Einklang bringen 6. Agrar- und Ernährungssysteme transformieren 7. Land und Ressourcen schützen 8. Transformativen Wandel durch internationale Zusammenarbeit und Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung bewirken 9. Freien Zugang und offene Nutzung von biodiversitätsbezogenen Daten sicherstellen 10. Auswirkungen des Lebensmittelkonsums auf die Biodiversität verringern

Published
2024

10. Nitrogen Assimilation and Nitrification in Surface Waters of the Amazon and Pará Estuaries.

Author

Choisnard, N., Umbricht, J., Araujo, M., Böttcher, M. E., Burmeister, C., Liskow, I., Schmiedinger, I., and Voss, M.

Subjects
NITRIFICATION, ESTUARIES, WATERSHEDS, ANTHROPOGENIC effects on nature, REGIONS of freshwater influence, NITROGEN isotopes, NITROGEN cycle
Abstract

Under increasing anthropogenic impacts, the hydrology, weathering, turbidity, and biogeochemistry of the Amazon and Pará river catchments are changing, potentially affecting the concentration and speciation of nitrogen (N) entering the estuary, as well as the subsequent primary productivity. Primary production and several N‐cycling rates have been studied in the northern river plume, and new studies focusing on specific processes in the river mouth emerged. Yet, a general overview is still lacking. For the first time, we provide an overview of primary production along with nitrification, ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3−), and amino acid uptake rates in the Amazon and Pará river mouths which exhibit different degrees of catchment land use. Our results indicate that the Amazon supplies tenfold more NH4+ and NO3−, and its nitrification rates are four times higher than in the Pará River. The stable isotope composition of ambient water and NO3− confirmed that nitrification is a dominant pathway, with fluxes reaching 8.5 × 108 mol N d−1 in the Amazon. Nutrients are transported to regions with reduced turbidity and little nitrification, facilitating NH4+ (0.2–2.4 × 108 mol N d−1) and carbon uptake (4.6 and 14.0 × 108 mol C d−1 in the Pará and the Amazon, respectively) by phytoplankton. The lower N‐cycling rates measured in the Pará relative to the Amazon River mouth likely originate from differences in river discharge and watershed characteristics. Plain Language Summary: Riverine nitrogen can support intense production at the base of the food web in coastal oceans. Such productive ecosystems often show flourishing life and act as a strong atmospheric carbon sink. Since the extent of this nitrogen source is greatly influenced by the status of the river catchment area, it is crucial to have a good understanding of the amount and reactivity of riverine nitrogen at a given study site. Here, we used nitrogen isotope tracers to measure nitrogen assimilation and nitrification rates in the Amazon and Pará river mouths. We found that nitrification was happening at high rates in the Amazon River Mouth. In both estuaries, nitrate production is greater than consumption, allowing nitrate export beyond the turbid waters of the river mouths. Because the Amazon and Pará drainage basins are facing drastic changes, this nitrogen budget gives a baseline for nitrogen cycle pathways and export that will help to monitor the effect of these changes on estuarine nitrogen processes. Key Points: Nitrogen uptake and nitrification measurements reveal intense nitrification of autochthonous ammonium in the Amazon and Pará estuariesIn the turbid parts, nitrate produced via nitrification is not entirely consumed by primary production, leading to its exportRates of nitrogen cycle processes are 10 times higher in the Amazon River mouth, likely due to higher riverine nitrogen discharged [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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43. P-106 Evaluating sex as a predictive marker for response to bevacizuamb in metastatic colorectal carcinoma: Pooled analysis of 3,369 patients in the ARCAD database

Author

Margalit, O., primary, Harmsen, W., additional, Shacham-Shmueli, E., additional, Voss, M., additional, Boursi, B., additional, Cohen, R., additional, Olswold, C., additional, Saltz, L., additional, Hurwitz, H., additional, Adams, R., additional, Chibaudel, B., additional, Grothey, A., additional, Yoshino, T., additional, Zalcberg, J., additional, de Gramont, A., additional, Shi, Q., additional, and Lenz, H., additional

Published
2022
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49. Development and external validation of a clinical prediction model for survival in patients with IDH wild-type glioblastoma

Author

Mijderwijk, HJ, Nieboer, D, Incekara, F, Berger, K, Steyerberg, E, van den Bent, MJ, Reifenberger, G, Hänggi, D, Smits, M, Senft, CA, Rapp, M, Sabel, M, Voss, M, Forster, MT, Kamp, MA, Mijderwijk, HJ, Nieboer, D, Incekara, F, Berger, K, Steyerberg, E, van den Bent, MJ, Reifenberger, G, Hänggi, D, Smits, M, Senft, CA, Rapp, M, Sabel, M, Voss, M, Forster, MT, and Kamp, MA

Published
2022

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