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The concept of smart public governance (SPG) is gaining attention among researchers, policymakers, and practitioners around the world, especially in response to the modernisation of public administration through emerging technologies in both local (smart city) and national (smart government) levels. Spurred by the noticeable lack of understanding of the SPG concept, the paper aims to comprehensively examine the SPG research by considering the characteristic differences between the smart city and smart government concepts. Bibliometric analysis is based on the Scopus database, containing 775 documents published in the last two decades and facilitated by several established and innovative bibliometric approaches. The results reveal the growth of SPG research over time. Despite the smart city concept being the dominant focus in the SPG research, the smart government concept has been becoming more relevant in recent years, as indicated by some prominent documents published in reputable journals like Government Information Quarterly. Moreover, Anglo-Saxon countries are chiefly engaged in SPG research. However, New Zealand and South Korea are identified as countries with a stronger focus on the smart government concept. The results show the smart city concept is connected with several smart-related initiatives (e.g., smart transportation, smart living, smart energy, etc.), while the smart government concept is primarily associated with smart (de)regulation and smart grid. The findings may add to the understanding of the future development of SPG research, on both local and national levels.

Prvič v zgodovini sodobne delovne sile zaposleni iz različnih generacij sodelujejo z ljudmi, ki so tako mladi kot njihovi otroci in stari kor njihovi starši. Vsaka generacija delavcev ima edinstvena pričakovanja, izkušnje, generacijsko zgodovino, življenjski slog in vrednote, ki pa brez medgeneracijskega sodelovanja ne dosežejo popolnega učinka. Okolje, v katerem posamezniki določene generacije odraščajo vpliva na njihov pogled na svet, njihova pričakovanja in vedenjske norme ter posledično na to, kako posameznik kategorizira in si razlaga vedenje drugih. Družina je prvo okolje, v katerem se posameznik razvija in začne sodelovati z drugimi. Rečemo lahko, da so starši prvi, ki otroku prenesejo vrednote. Ko so otroci še zelo zelo mladi, je edina potrditev, ki jo potrebujejo, potrditev staršev. V obdobju odraščanja pa pride do tranzicije, ko otrok potrebuje potrditev sovrstnikov, torej novega okolja oziroma družbe. Vsak zaposleni ni edinstven zgolj zaradi svojih spretnosti, izobrazbe, potreb, vrednot in pričakovanj, ampak tudi zaradi svoje starosti ter znanja. Današnji trg delovne sile je sestavljen iz zaposlenih, ki pripadajo generaciji otrok blaginje ali povojni generaciji, generaciji X in generaciji Y. Ti zaposleni se na današnjih delovnih mestih gibljejo skupaj iz ene življenjske faze v drugo. Generacija otrok blaginje ali povojna generacija velja za vodstveno skupino na trgu delovne sile za prihodnost trga velja generacija Y, medtem ko generacija X kljub svoji majhnosti predstavlja trden most med njima. Obstajajo trije cilji raziskave magistrskega dela. Prvi je ugotoviti, ali pripadniki generacije X ter generacije Y trenutno rajši iščejo zaposlitve v multikulturnih organizacijah v tujini. Drugi je ugotoviti, ali pripadniki generacije X ter Y veliko rajši delajo v okoljih, kjer so večinoma zaposleni tujci kot pripadniki generacije otrok blaginje ali povojne generacije. Zadnji pa je poiskati odgovor na to, kako so vse tri generacije med seboj povezane na področjih osredotočenosti na delo, samoobčudovanja ter sodelovanja. Teoretični del magistrskega dela je bil sestavljen iz študij upravljanja raznolikosti in upravljanja s človeškimi viri s poudarkom na generacijskih skupinah. Informacije so bile zbrane iz literature, knjig, člankov, zapiskov s predavanj in internetnih virov. V praksi so bili primarni podatki te raziskave pridobljeni z uporabo anketnega vprašalnika. First time in the history of the modern working force, the employees from different generations cooperate with people who are as young as their children and old as their parents. Every generation of workers has unique expectations, experiences, generational history, lifestyle, and values which, however, are not fully effective without intergenerational cooperation. An environment in which individuals of a certain generation grow up influences their view of the world, their expectations, behavioral norms, and, consequently, that how an individual categorizes and explains the behavior of others. The family is the first environment where an individual grows and starts to cooperate with others. We can say that the parents are the first who transfer values to a child. When children are still very young, the only validation they need is a confirmation of their parents. In the period of growing up, however, there is a transition when a child needs the validation of his peers, i.e. the new environment or the society. Every employee is not unique only because of his skills, education, needs, values, and expectations but also because of his age and knowledge. Today’s market of the working force is composed of employees who are a part of the baby boom generation, generation X, and generation Y. These employees move together on today’s working positions from one living phase to another. The baby boom generation is believed to be the leading group on the top of the working force. Generation Y is believed as the future of the market, while generation X represents a firm connecting link in spite of being few in numbers. There are three goals of the research of the master’s thesis. The first one is to discover whether the members of generation X and generation Y are momentarily fond of searching the employments in multicultural organizations abroad. The other goal is to ascertain whether the members of generations X and Y prefer to work in environments where mostly the foreigners as members of the generation baby boom are employed. The last goal is to find the answer to that how all three generations connected to each other in the fields of being focused on work, self-admiration, and cooperation. The theoretical part of the master’s thesis was constructed from the studies of the diversity management and the management of human resources with the emphasis on generational groups. The information was collected from the literature, books, articles, scriptures from the lectures, and Internet sources. In practice, primary data of this research were gained by using the survey questionnaire.

Krožno gospodarstvo je nov model gospodarstva, ki poskuša čim dlje časa zadržati izdelke v uporabi in s tem posledično zmanjšati prekomerno porabo surovin in množično količino odpadkov. Kot v drugih državah sveta tudi v Sloveniji vsako leto pridelamo ogromno odpadkov, zato bi prehod na krožno gospodarstvo predstavljal začetek k bolj odgovornemu gospodarstvu. O krožnem gospodarstvu je bilo in je v Sloveniji že predstavljenih nekaj predlogov nas me je glede na to, da se vsaka velika sprememba prične z majhnimi koraki zanimalo kakšna je dejansko miselnost ljudi−zaposlenih v slovenskih podjetjih o krožnem gospodarstvu. Željni pridobiti te informacije smo sestavili anketni vprašalnik ter ga v mesecu maju poslali slovenskih podjetjem, katerih struktura je ustrezala demografskemu vzorcu slovenskih malih in srednje velikih podjetij. Kot si lahko preberete v nadaljevanju diplomskega dela nas je zanimala predvsem ozaveščenost o krožnem gospodarstvu torej ali pojem sploh poznajo, vejo kaj pomeni, kaj bi jih spodbudilo, da bi krožno gospodarstvo uvedli v podjetju kot poslovni model, kaj jih ovira oziroma jim preprečuje, da ga že niso uvedli in če bi bila odločitev na njihovih ramenih ali bi ali nebi bili pripravljeni sodelovati v projektih krožnega gospodarstva. V nasprotju s pričakovanji je bil odziv izredno nizek. Ko smo se lotili pregledovati odgovore smo kmalu ugotovili zakaj je temu tako. Med tistimi, ki so na anketni vprašalnik odgovorili je bilo ogromno takih, ki za krožno gospodarstvu pred našo anketo niso niti slišali oziroma so vendar niso vedeli kaj dejansko pomeni. Le peščica pa je bila tistih, ki so pritrdili, da ga v podjetju že uporabljajo kot poslovni model in zato vejo kaj je. Torej lahko rečemo, da je nepoznavanje krožnega gospodarstva in nezainteresiranost k spoznanju botrovalo k nizkemu odzivu. Kot si lahko preberete v zaključku diplomskega dela ugotavljamo, da bo v Sloveniji potrebno še veliko majhnih korakov, da bomo lahko dosegli veliko spremembo torej prehod na krožno gospodarstvo. The circular economy is a new model of economy that tries to keep the products in use as long as possible and by doing that, consequently reduce the excessive consumption of raw materials and massive amount of wastes. In Slovenia, like in other countries of the world, an enormous amount of waste is generated every year therefore, the transition to the circular economy would represent the beginning of a more responsible economy. Some proposals on the circular economy have already been presented in Slovenia. As every major change begins with small steps, we wanted to know what the actual opinion of employees in Slovene enterprises on the circular economy was. Anxious to obtain this information, we drew up a questionnaire and sent it in May to the Slovene companies whose structure suited the demographic pattern of small and medium size companies. As you can read in the thesis, we were mainly interested in the awareness of circular economy, whether the employees even knew that term, its meaning and what would encourage them to introduce it at the company as a business model or what prevented them not to have done it already. We were also interested to know whether they were willing to collaborate in the projects of circular economy if it was their decision to introduce it. Contrary to our expectations, the response was extremely low. We soon found out the reason for that. A lot of responding companies had not heard of the circular economy before, or did not know its meaning although they had heard about it. Only a handful of companies responded that they had been already using it as a business model and therefore knew it. We can easily say that lack of knowledge of the circular economy as well as the absence of interest were responsible for the low response. As you can read in the final part of the thesis, we have found out that there are many small steps needed to achieve a major change, i.e. the transition to the circular economy.