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1. Analysis of Real Overvoltage Disturbances by Using Nonstationary Signal Processing Techniques

Author

VUJOSEVIC, S., MUJOVIC, S., and DAKOVIC, M.

Subjects
empirical mode decomposition method, harmonics, power quality, short time Fourier transform, switching surges, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971, Computer engineering. Computer hardware, TK7885-7895
Abstract

Switching surges can cause voltage conditions degradation, and this paper presents a new approach in their analysis. Besides the amplitude properties, regarding to power quality, it is important to know the structure of their harmonic spectrum. For that purpose, characteristic surges (energization and deenergization of an unloaded 35 kV underground cable, energization of an unloaded 10 kV underground cable and deenergization of a 10 kV overhead line, with a multiple appearance of the arc between the circuit breaker contacts) were analyzed. The signals were obtained by an experiment, so the occurrence of noise makes them much more complex to analyze than the simulated ones. Their harmonic decomposition was performed by digital signal processing methods - Empirical Mode Decomposition and Short Time Fourier Transform. The obtained results were compared to the calculated ones, which allowed us to draw conclusions related to applied methods efficiency and characteristic harmonics values that occur during the switching surges. The performed analysis allows us to get a deeper insight into transient processes in the real transmission power lines. The obtained results can be especially useful to detect the locations of occurrence of various types of surges and for development of real-time power quality monitoring systems.

Published
2015
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3. Ultra-wide-field fluorescein angiography in diabetic retinopathy: a narrative review

Author

Rabiolo A, Parravano M, Querques L, Cicinelli MV, Carnevali A, Sacconi R, Centoducati T, Vujosevic S, Bandello F, and Querques G

Subjects
Diabetic retinopathy, ischemic index, ultra wide-field fluorescein angiography, targeted retinal photocoagulation, diabetic macular edema, diabetic macular ischemia, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Alessandro Rabiolo,1 Mariacristina Parravano,2 Lea Querques,1,2 Maria Vittoria Cicinelli,1 Adriano Carnevali,1,3 Riccardo Sacconi,1,4 Teresa Centoducati,1 Stela Vujosevic,5 Francesco Bandello,1 Giuseppe Querques1 1Department of Ophthalmology, University Vita-Salute, Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, 2G. B. Bietti Foundation – IRCCS, Rome, 3Department of Ophthalmology, University of “Magna Graecia,” Catanzaro, 4Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, 5Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology Clinic, University of Padova, Padova, Italy Abstract: Fluorescein angiography (FA) is a useful examination in patients suffering from diabetic retinopathy (DR). Traditional angiograms explore 30°–50° of the retina at once; however, visualization of peripheral retina is fundamental in order to assess nonperfused areas, vascular leakage, microvascular abnormalities, and neovascularizations. In order to expand the field of view, wide-field and ultra-wide-field imaging has been developed allowing to image up to 200° of retinal surface in one single shot. The aim of this narrative review was to provide an overview of the role of the most recent technique of ultra-wide-field fluorescein angiography in DR. Keywords: ischemic index, targeted retinal photocoagulation, diabetic macular edema, diabetic macular ischemia, peripheral vessel leakage, capillary nonperfusion

Published
2017

4. Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment after Intravitreal Injections of Anti-VEGF for Retinal Diseases

Author

Gabrielle, Pierre-Henry, primary, Nguyen, Vuong, additional, Arnould, Louis, additional, Viola, Francesco, additional, Zarranz-Ventura, Javier, additional, Barthelmes, Daniel, additional, Creuzot-Garcher, Catherine, additional, Gillies, Mark, additional, Squirrell, D., additional, Gilhotra, J., additional, Brooijmans, C., additional, Tigchelaar-Besling, O., additional, Cohn, A., additional, Chen, F., additional, McGeorge, A., additional, Welch, S., additional, Jaross, N., additional, Peters, P., additional, Barry, R., additional, McLean, I., additional, Guillaumie, T., additional, Miri, A., additional, Korobelnik, J., additional, Gabrielle, P., additional, Weber, M., additional, Walid, B., additional, Tick, S., additional, Valen, S., additional, Field, A., additional, Wickremasinghe, S., additional, Dayajeewa, C., additional, Wells, J., additional, Essex, R., additional, Dunlop, A., additional, Michalova, K., additional, Ng, C., additional, Young, S., additional, MIMOUN, G., additional, Generic, C., additional, Guymer, R., additional, Carnota, P., additional, Torres Borrego, C., additional, Dolz Marco, R., additional, Gallego-Pinazo, R., additional, Pareja Esteban, J., additional, García Layana, A., additional, Saenz-de-Viteri, M., additional, Uzzan, J., additional, Ferrier, R., additional, Ah-Chan, J., additional, Chow, L., additional, Steiner, H., additional, Amini, A., additional, Clark, G., additional, Wittles, N., additional, Windle, P., additional, Vingerling, J., additional, Clement, C., additional, Gillies, M., additional, Hunt, A., additional, Beaumont, P., additional, Cottee, L., additional, Lee, K., additional, Mack, H., additional, Louw, Z., additional, Lusthaus, J., additional, Chen, J., additional, Landers, J., additional, Billing, K., additional, Saha, N., additional, Lake, S., additional, Qatarneh, D., additional, Phillips, R., additional, Perks, M., additional, Banon, K., additional, Guarro, M., additional, Londoño, G., additional, Rethati, C., additional, Sararols, L., additional, Suarez, J., additional, Viola, F., additional, Lan Oei, S., additional, Fraser-Bell, S., additional, Montejano Milner, R., additional, Arruabarrena, C., additional, Chong, E., additional, Lal, S., additional, Higueras, A., additional, Ascaso, F., additional, Boned Murillo, A., additional, Díaz, M., additional, Perez Rivases, G., additional, Alforja Castiella, S., additional, Bernal-Morales, C., additional, Casaroli-Marano, R., additional, Figueras-Roca, M., additional, Izquierdo-Serra, J., additional, Moll Udina, A., additional, Parrado-Carrillo, A., additional, Zarranz-Ventura, J., additional, escobar, j., additional, Lavid, F., additional, Alvarez Gil, M., additional, Catalán Muñoz, P., additional, Tena Sempere, M., additional, Cerri, L., additional, RICCI, F., additional, Broc Iturralde, L., additional, Campos Figueroa, P., additional, Gómez Sánchez, S., additional, Valldeperas, X., additional, Vilaplana, F., additional, Carreño, E., additional, Munoz Sanz, N., additional, Ventura Abreu, N., additional, Asencio Duran, M., additional, Calvo, P., additional, Sanchez, J., additional, Almazan Alonso, E., additional, Flores-Moreno, I., additional, Garcia Zamora, M., additional, Ciancas, E., additional, Gonzalez-Lopez, J., additional, de la Fuente, M., additional, Rodriguez Maqueda, M., additional, Cobos, E., additional, Lorenzo, D., additional, Cordoves, L., additional, Acebes, m., additional, Aparicio-Sanchis, S., additional, Fernández Hortelano, A., additional, Zarallo-Gallardo, J., additional, Azrak, C., additional, Piñero Sánchez, A., additional, Almuina-Varela, P., additional, García García, L., additional, Salinas Martínez, E., additional, Castilla Marti, M., additional, Campo Gesto, A., additional, Rodriguez Núñez, M., additional, Furness, G., additional, Ponsioen, T., additional, Wilson, G., additional, Manning, L., additional, McAllister, I., additional, Isaacs, Tim, additional, Invernizzi, A., additional, Castelnovo, L., additional, Michel, G., additional, Wolff, B., additional, Arnold, J., additional, Cass, H., additional, Chan, D., additional, Tan, T., additional, OToole, L., additional, Tang, K., additional, Chung, C., additional, Beylerian, H., additional, DAIEN, V., additional, Banerjee, G., additional, Morgan, M., additional, Reddie, I., additional, Ongkosuwito, J., additional, Verbraak, F., additional, Schlingemann, R., additional, piermarocchi, s., additional, Thompson, A., additional, Game, J., additional, Thompson, C., additional, Chalasani, R., additional, Chilov, M., additional, Fung, A., additional, Nothling, S., additional, Chong, R., additional, Hunyor, A., additional, Younan, C., additional, Barnes, R., additional, Sharp, D., additional, Vincent, A., additional, Murray, N., additional, Ah-Moye, S., additional, Hennings, C., additional, Mehta, H., additional, Monaco, P., additional, Cheung, G., additional, Karia, N., additional, Louis, D., additional, Every, S., additional, Lockie, P., additional, van Hecke, M., additional, van Lith-Verhoeven, J., additional, Wong, J., additional, Grigg, J., additional, Hinchcliffe, P., additional, Barthelmes, D., additional, Diaz De Durana Santa Coloma, E., additional, Garay-Aramburu, G., additional, Vujosevic, S., additional, Brosa Morros, H., additional, Daniell, M., additional, Harper, A., additional, Lim, L., additional, ODay, J., additional, Velazquez Villoria, D., additional, Hooper, C., additional, Klaassen-Broekema, N., additional, and Smit, R., additional

Published
2022
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6. Multimodal retinal imaging as biomarker for cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus

Author

Vujosevic, S., Fantaguzzi, F., Salongcay, R., Cushley, L., Brambilla, M., Torti, E., and Peto, T.

Subjects
SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
Abstract

DESIGNBi-center, retrospective, observational case-series.PURPOSETo evaluate association between macrovascular systemic comorbidities and multimodal retinal imaging in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) with different stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR).METHODS516 eyes of 259 DM patients with systemic history and imaging were enrolled in two centers (Milano and Belfast). Ultrawidefield color fundus photos (CFP) were obtained with OPTOS California and OCT/OCT-Angiography (OCT-A) imaging with Heidelberg Spectralis. The presence of predominantly peripheral lesions (PPL) was confirmed by two independent graders as >50% of CFP lesions. OCT-A imaging (3 × 3 mm) was used to determine perimeter, area and circularity index of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and vessel density (VD); perfusion density (PD); fractal dimension (FD) on superficial (SCP), intermediate (ICP) and deep (DCP) plexuses; flow voids (FV) in the choriocapillaris (CC).RESULTS81.5% of patients had DM type 2, with mean age of 67.1 ± 13.7 years. Out of 516 eyes, 108 eyes (20.9%) did not have DR, and 6 eyes were not gradable. The remaining 402 eyes were: 10.3% (53) mild non-proliferative DR (NPDR), 38.2% (197) moderate NPDR, 11.8% (61) severe NPDR, 17.6% (91) proliferative DR (PDR). PPL was present in 35.5%, associated with longer DM duration and worse DR severity (p CONCLUSIONSOCT-A metrics show an association with the cerebrovascular and cardiovascular complications of DM, providing potentially useful biomarkers for estimating systemic vascular risk in DM patients.

Published
2022

7. Recommendations for OCT Angiography Reporting in Retinal Vascular Disease: A Delphi Approach by International Experts.

Author

Munk, MR, Kashani, AH, Tadayoni, R, Korobelnik, J-F, Wolf, S, Pichi, F, Koh, A, Ishibazawa, A, Gaudric, A, Loewenstein, A, Lumbroso, B, Ferrara, D, Sarraf, D, Wong, DT, Skondra, D, Rodriguez, FJ, Staurenghi, G, Pearce, I, Kim, JE, Freund, KB, Parodi, MB, Waheed, NK, Rosen, R, Spaide, RF, Nakao, S, Sadda, S, Vujosevic, S, Wong, TY, Murata, T, Chakravarthy, U, Ogura, Y, Huf, W, Tian, M, Munk, MR, Kashani, AH, Tadayoni, R, Korobelnik, J-F, Wolf, S, Pichi, F, Koh, A, Ishibazawa, A, Gaudric, A, Loewenstein, A, Lumbroso, B, Ferrara, D, Sarraf, D, Wong, DT, Skondra, D, Rodriguez, FJ, Staurenghi, G, Pearce, I, Kim, JE, Freund, KB, Parodi, MB, Waheed, NK, Rosen, R, Spaide, RF, Nakao, S, Sadda, S, Vujosevic, S, Wong, TY, Murata, T, Chakravarthy, U, Ogura, Y, Huf, W, and Tian, M

Abstract

PURPOSE: To develop a consensus nomenclature for reporting OCT angiography (OCTA) findings in retinal vascular disease (e.g., diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion) by international experts. DESIGN: Delphi-based survey. SUBJECTS, PARTICIPANTS, AND/OR CONTROLS: Twenty-five retinal vascular disease and OCTA imaging experts. METHODS, INTERVENTION, OR TESTING: A Delphi method of consensus development was used, comprising 2 rounds of online questionnaires, followed by a face-to-face meeting conducted virtually. Twenty-five experts in retinal vascular disease and retinal OCTA imaging were selected to constitute the OCTA Nomenclature in Delphi Study Group for retinal vascular disease. The 4 main areas of consensus were: definition of the parameters of "wide-field (WF)" OCTA, measurement of decreased vascular flow on conventional and WF-OCTA, nomenclature of OCTA findings, and OCTA in retinal vascular disease management and staging. The study end point was defined by the degree of consensus for each question: "strong consensus" was defined as ≥85% agreement, "consensus" as 80% to 84%, and "near consensus" as 70% to 79%. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Consensus and near consensus on OCTA nomenclature in retinal vascular disease. RESULTS: A consensus was reached that a meaningful change in percentage of flow on WF-OCTA imaging should be an increase or decrease ≥30% of the absolute imaged area of flow signal and that a "large area" of WF-OCTA reduced flow signal should also be defined as ≥30% of the absolute imaged area. The presence of new vessels and intraretinal microvascular abnormalities, the foveal avascular zone parameters, the presence and amount of "no-flow areas," and the assessment of vessel density in various retinal layers should be added for the staging and classification of diabetic retinopathy. Decreased flow ≥30% of the absolute imaged area should define an ischemic central retinal vein occlusion. Several other items did not meet consensus requirements or were

Published
2022

8. Effect of COVID-19-related lockdown on ophthalmic practice in Italy: A report from 39 institutional centers

Author

Dell'Omo, Roberto, Filippelli, M., Virgili, Gianni, Bandello, F., Querques, G., Lanzetta, P., Avitabile, T., Viola, F., Reibaldi, M., Semeraro, F., Quaranta, L., Rizzo, Stanislao, Midena, E., Campagna, G., Costagliola, C., Marolo, P., Traverso, C. E., Iester, M., Cutolo, C. A., Azzolini, C., Donati, S., Premi, E., Nucci, P., Vujosevic, S., Staurenghi, G., Bottoni, F., Romano, Federica, Grosso, D., Borrelli, E., Sacconi, R., Milella, P., Ganci, S., Romano, M. R., Ricciardelli, G., Allegrini, D., Casaluci, M., Romano, D., Marchini, G., Chemello, F., Amantea, Carlotta, Frisina, R., Pilotto, E., Parrozzani, R., Veritti, D., Sarao, V., Daniele, T., Busin, M., Parmeggiani, F., De Nadai, K., Furiosi, L., Mastropasqua, R., Battaglia, B., Gironi, Marco, Gandolfi, S., Luciani, E., Mora, P., Schiavi, C., Bertaccini, Paolo Antonio, Finzi, A., Roda, M., Cagini, C., Lupidi, M., Giansanti, F., Bacherini, Daniela, Tosi, G., De Benedetto, E., Nardi, M., Figus, M., Posarelli, C., Mariotti, Cesare, Pirani, V., Nicolai, Massimo, Bonini, S., Coassin, M., Di Zazzo, A., Savastano, Maria Cristina, Savastano, Alfonso, Gambini, Gloria, Vico, U. D., Spadea, L., Iannaccone, A., Nucci, C., Ricci, F., Aiello, F., Afflitto, G. G., Mastropasqua, L., D'Onofio, G., Evangelista, F., Brescia, L., Napolitano, P., Polisena, P., Gianfrancesco, N., Trivisonno, D., Petti, F., Simonelli, F., Rossi, S., Tartaglione, A., Rosa, N., Bernardo, M. D., Iaculli, C., Valeria Bux, A., Maggiore, Giuseppe, Boscia, F., Sborgia, G., Grassi, M. O., Scorcia, V., Giannaccare, G., Parisi, Giuseppe, Cillino, S., Alaimo, F., Aragona, P., Meduri, A., Pinna, A., Sollazzo, A., Peiretti, E., Siotto, E., dell'Omo R., Virgili G., Rizzo S. (ORCID:0000-0001-6302-063X), Romano F., Amantea C., Gironi M., Bertaccini P., Bacherini D., Mariotti C., Nicolai M., Savastano M. (ORCID:0000-0003-1397-4333), Savastano A., Gambini G., Maggiore G., Parisi G., Dell'Omo, Roberto, Filippelli, M., Virgili, Gianni, Bandello, F., Querques, G., Lanzetta, P., Avitabile, T., Viola, F., Reibaldi, M., Semeraro, F., Quaranta, L., Rizzo, Stanislao, Midena, E., Campagna, G., Costagliola, C., Marolo, P., Traverso, C. E., Iester, M., Cutolo, C. A., Azzolini, C., Donati, S., Premi, E., Nucci, P., Vujosevic, S., Staurenghi, G., Bottoni, F., Romano, Federica, Grosso, D., Borrelli, E., Sacconi, R., Milella, P., Ganci, S., Romano, M. R., Ricciardelli, G., Allegrini, D., Casaluci, M., Romano, D., Marchini, G., Chemello, F., Amantea, Carlotta, Frisina, R., Pilotto, E., Parrozzani, R., Veritti, D., Sarao, V., Daniele, T., Busin, M., Parmeggiani, F., De Nadai, K., Furiosi, L., Mastropasqua, R., Battaglia, B., Gironi, Marco, Gandolfi, S., Luciani, E., Mora, P., Schiavi, C., Bertaccini, Paolo Antonio, Finzi, A., Roda, M., Cagini, C., Lupidi, M., Giansanti, F., Bacherini, Daniela, Tosi, G., De Benedetto, E., Nardi, M., Figus, M., Posarelli, C., Mariotti, Cesare, Pirani, V., Nicolai, Massimo, Bonini, S., Coassin, M., Di Zazzo, A., Savastano, Maria Cristina, Savastano, Alfonso, Gambini, Gloria, Vico, U. D., Spadea, L., Iannaccone, A., Nucci, C., Ricci, F., Aiello, F., Afflitto, G. G., Mastropasqua, L., D'Onofio, G., Evangelista, F., Brescia, L., Napolitano, P., Polisena, P., Gianfrancesco, N., Trivisonno, D., Petti, F., Simonelli, F., Rossi, S., Tartaglione, A., Rosa, N., Bernardo, M. D., Iaculli, C., Valeria Bux, A., Maggiore, Giuseppe, Boscia, F., Sborgia, G., Grassi, M. O., Scorcia, V., Giannaccare, G., Parisi, Giuseppe, Cillino, S., Alaimo, F., Aragona, P., Meduri, A., Pinna, A., Sollazzo, A., Peiretti, E., Siotto, E., dell'Omo R., Virgili G., Rizzo S. (ORCID:0000-0001-6302-063X), Romano F., Amantea C., Gironi M., Bertaccini P., Bacherini D., Mariotti C., Nicolai M., Savastano M. (ORCID:0000-0003-1397-4333), Savastano A., Gambini G., Maggiore G., and Parisi G.

Abstract

Background/objectives: To compare the number of eye surgical procedures performed in Italy in the 2 months following the beginning of lockdown (study period) because of COVID-19 epidemic with those performed in the two earlier months of the same year (intra-year control) and in the period of 2019 corresponding to the lockdown (inter-year control). Methods: Retrospective analysis of surgical procedures carried out at 39 Academic hospitals. A distinction was made between elective and urgent procedures. Intravitreal injections were also considered. Percentages for all surgical procedures and incidence rate ratios (IRR) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) events were calculated. A p value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 20,886 versus 55,259 and 56,640 patients underwent surgery during the lockdown versus intra-and inter-year control periods, respectively. During the lockdown, only 70% of patients for whom an operation/intravitreal injection was recommended, finally underwent surgery; the remaining patients did not attend because afraid of getting infected at the hospital (23%), taking public transportation (6.5%), or unavailable swabs (0.5%). Elective surgeries were reduced by 96.2% and 96.4%, urgent surgeries by 49.7% and 50.2%, and intravitreal injections by 48.5% and 48.6% in the lockdown period in comparison to intra-year and inter-year control periods, respectively. IRRs for RRDs during lockdown dropped significantly in comparison with intra- and inter-year control periods (CI: 0.65–0.80 and 0.61–0.75, respectively, p < 0.001 for both). Conclusion: This study provides a quantitative analysis of the reduction of eye surgical procedures performed in Italy because of the COVID-19 epidemic.

Published
2022

12. The Decreasing Prevalence of Nonrefractive Visual Impairment in Older Europeans: A Meta-analysis of Published and Unpublished Data

Author

Delcourt, C., Le Goff, M., von Hanno, T., Mirshahi, A., Khawaja, A. P., Verhoeven, V. J. M., Hogg, R. E., Anastosopoulos, E., Cachulo, M. L., Hohn, R., Wolfram, C., Bron, A., Miotto, S., Carriere, I., Colijn, J. M., Buitendijk, G. H. S., Evans, J., Nitsch, D., Founti, P., Yip, J. L. Y., Pfeiffer, N., Creuzot-Garcher, C., Silva, R., Piermarocchi, S., Topouzis, F., Bertelsen, G., Foster, P. J., Fletcher, A., Klaver, C. C. W., Korobelnik, J. -F., Acar, N., Azuara-Blanco, A., Berendschot, T., Bergen, A., Binquet, C., Bird, A., Bobak, M., Boon, C., Bretillon, L., Broe, R., Buitendijk, G., Capuano, V., Chakravarthy, U., Chan, M., Chang, P., Colijn, J., Cougnard-Gregoire, A., Cree, A., Cumberland, P., Cunha-Vaz, J., Daien, V., De Jong, E., Deak, G., Delyfer, M. -N., den Hollander, A., Dietzel, M., Erke, M. G., Faria, P., Farinha, C., Fauser, S., Finger, R., Foster, P., Gorgels, T., Grauslund, J., Grus, F., Hammond, C., Hansen, M., Helmer, C., Hense, H. -W., Hermann, M., Hoehn, R., Hogg, R., Holz, F., Hoyng, C., Jansonius, N., Janssen, S., Kersten, E., Khawaja, A., Klaver, C., Lamparter, J., Lechanteur, Y., Lehtimaki, T., Leung, I., Lotery, A., Mauschitz, M., Meester, M., Merle, B., Meyer zu Westrup, V., Midena, E., Mohan-Said, S., Mueller, M., Muldrew, A., Murta, J., Nickels, S., Nunes, S., Owen, C., Peto, T., Prokofyeva, E., Rahi, J., Raitakari, O., Rauscher, F., Ribeiro, L., Rougier, M. -B., Rudnicka, A., Randjvar, Sahel, Salonikiou, A., Sanchez, C., Schmitz-Valckenberg, S., Schouten, J., Schuster, A., Schweitzer, C., Segato, T., Shehata, J., Silvestri, G., Simader, C., Souied, E., Speckauskas, M., Springelkamp, H., Tapp, R., van Leeuwen, E., Verhoeven, V., Verzijden, T., Von Hanno, T., Vujosevic, S., Wiedemann, P., Williams, K., Yip, J., and Zerbib, J.

Subjects
Europe, Aged, Humans, Prevalence, Vision, Low, Visually Impaired Persons, Visual Acuity, Vision, Low
Abstract

TOPIC: To estimate the prevalence of nonrefractive visual impairment and blindness in European persons 55 years of age and older. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Few visual impairment and blindness prevalence estimates are available for the European population. In addition, many of the data collected in European population-based studies currently are unpublished and have not been included in previous estimates. METHODS: Fourteen European population-based studies participating in the European Eye Epidemiology Consortium (n = 70 723) were included. Each study provided nonrefractive visual impairment and blindness prevalence estimates stratified by age (10-year strata) and gender. Nonrefractive visual impairment and blindness were defined as best-corrected visual acuity worse than 20/60 and 20/400 in the better eye, respectively. Using random effects meta-analysis, prevalence rates were estimated according to age, gender, geographical area, and period (1991-2006 and 2007-2012). Because no data were available for Central and Eastern Europe, population projections for numbers of affected people were estimated using Eurostat population estimates for European high-income countries in 2000 and 2010. RESULTS: The age-standardized prevalence of nonrefractive visual impairment in people 55 years of age or older decreased from 2.22% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34-3.10) from 1991 through 2006 to 0.92% (95% CI, 0.42-1.42) from 2007 through 2012. It strongly increased with age in both periods (up to 15.69% and 4.39% in participants 85 years of age or older from 1991 through 2006 and from 2007 through 2012, respectively). Age-standardized prevalence of visual impairment tended to be higher in women than men from 1991 through 2006 (2.67% vs. 1.88%), but not from 2007 through 2012 (0.87% vs. 0.88%). No differences were observed between northern, western, and southern regions of Europe. The projected numbers of affected older inhabitants in European high-income countries decreased from 2.5 million affected individuals in 2000 to 1.2 million in 2010. Of those, 584 000 were blind in 2000, in comparison with 170 000 who were blind in 2010. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the increase in the European older population, our study indicated that the number of visually impaired people has decreased in European high-income countries in the last 20 years. This may be the result of major improvements in eye care and prevention, the decreasing prevalence of eye diseases, or both.

Published
2018

20. Effects of topically administered neuroprotective drugs in early stages of diabetic retinopathy: Results of the EUROCONDOR clinical trial

Author

Simo, Rafael, Hernandez, Cristina, Porta, Massimo, Bandello, Francesco, Grauslund, Jakob, Harding, Simon P, Aldington, Stephen J, Egan, Catherine, Frydkjaer-Olsen, Ulrik, Garcia-Arumi, Jose, Gibson, Jonathan, Lang, Gabriele E, Lattanzio, Rosangela, Massin, Pascale, Midena, Edoardo, Ponsati, Berta, Ribeiro, Luisa, Scanlon, Peter, Lobo, Conceicao, Costa, Miguel Angelo, Cunha-Vaz, Jose, Garcia-Ramirez, M, van Reck, E, Gil, E, Morillas, M, Cunha-Vaz, J, Ribeiro, L, Lobo, C, Costa, MA, Nunes, S, Figueira, J, Pereira-Marques, I, Neves, C, Schwartz, C, Porta, M, Trento, M, Durando, O, Merlo, S, Bandello, F, Lattanzio, R, Zucchiatti, I, Grauslund, J, Frydkjaer-Olsen, U, Harding, SP, Scanlon, P, Aldington, SJ, Jones, V, Johnson, L, Carter, S, Spurway, J, Egan, C, Esposti, S, Leitch-Devlin, L, Rocco, V, Rees, A, Garcia-Arumi, J, Zapata, MA, Boixadera, A, Macia, C, Distefano, L, Torrent, T, Casals, F, de Dios, N, Gibson, J, Lang, GE, Jens-Ulrich, W, Christian, E, Adnan, K, Massin, P, Erginay, A, Midena, E, Vujosevic, S, Pilotto, E, Longhin, E, Convento, E, Ponsati, B, Fernandez-Carneado, J, Arrastia-Casado, S, Orgue, S, Ramirez-Lamelas, DT, Almazan-Moga, A, Salva, A, Riera, L, Treatme, European Consortium Early, Simo, R., Hernandez, C., Porta, M., Bandello, F., Grauslund, J., Harding, S. P., Aldington, S. J., Egan, C., Frydkjaer-Olsen, U., Garcia-Arumi, J., Gibson, J., Lang, G. E., Lattanzio, R., Massin, P., Midena, E., Ponsati, B., Ribeiro, L., Scanlon, P., Lobo, C., Costa, M. A., and Cunha-Vaz, J.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Administration, Topical, Population, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Type 2 diabetes, Placebo, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, medicine, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, education, Aged, education.field_of_study, Diabetic Retinopathy, business.industry, Brimonidine, Brimonidine Tartrate, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Middle Aged, Neuroprotective Agents, Somatostatin, Diabetic retinopathy, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Topical, Administration, business, Type 2, medicine.drug
Abstract

The primary objective of this study was to assess whether the topical administration of two neuroprotective drugs (brimonidine and somatostatin) could prevent or arrest retinal neurodysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes. For this purpose, adults aged between 45 and 75 years with a diabetes duration ≥5 years and an Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) level of ≤35 were randomly assigned to one of three arms: placebo, somatostatin, or brimonidine. The primary outcome was the change in implicit time (IT) assessed by multifocal electroretinography between baseline and at the end of follow-up (96 weeks). There were 449 eligible patients allocated to brimonidine (n = 152), somatostatin (n = 145), or placebo (n = 152). When the primary end point was evaluated in the whole population, we did not find any neuroprotective effect of brimonidine or somatostatin. However, in the subset of patients (34.7%) with preexisting retinal neurodysfunction, IT worsened in the placebo group (P < 0.001) but remained unchanged in the brimonidine and somatostatin groups. In conclusion, the topical administration of the selected neuroprotective agents appears useful in preventing the worsening of preexisting retinal neurodysfunction. This finding points to screening retinal neurodysfunction as a critical issue to identify a subset of patients in whom neuroprotective treatment might be of benefit.

Published
2019
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24. Prevalence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Europe: The Past and the Future

Author

Colijn, J.M. (Johanna), Buitendijk, G.H.S. (Gabrielle), Prokofyeva, E. (Elena), Alves, D. (Dalila), Cachulo, M.L. (Maria L.), Khawaja, A.P. (Anthony), Cougnard-Grégoire, A. (Audrey), Merle, B.M.J. (Bénédicte M.J.), Korb, C. (Christina), Erke, M.G. (Maja Gran), Bron, A. (Alain), Anastasopoulos, E. (Eleftherios), Meester-Smoor, M.A. (Magda), Segato, T. (Tatiana), Piermarocchi, S. (Stefano), Jong, P.T.V.M. (Paulus) de, Vingerling, J.R. (Hans), Topouzis, F. (Fotis), Creuzot-Garcher, C. (Catherine), Bertelsen, G. (Geir), Pfeiffer, A.F.H. (Andreas), Fletcher, A.E. (Astrid E.), Foster, P.J. (Paul), Silva, R. (Rufino), Korobelnik, J.-F. (Jean-François), Delcourt, C. (Cécile), Klaver, C.C.W. (Caroline), Ajana, S. (Soufiane), Arango-Gonzalez, B. (Blanca), Arndt, V. (Verena), Bhatia, V. (Vaibhav), Bhattacharya, S.S. (Shomi S.), Biarnés, M. (Marc), Borrell, A. (Anna), Bühren, S. (Sebastian), Calado, S.M. (Sofia M.), Colijn, J.M. (Johanna M.), Dammeier, S. (Sascha), Jong, E.K. (Eiko) de, De la Cerda, B. (Berta), den Hollander, A.I. (Anneke I.), Diaz-Corrales, F.J. (Francisco J.), Diether, S. (Sigrid), Emri, E. (Eszter), Endermann, T. (Tanja), Ferraro, L.L. (Lucia L.), Garcia, M. (Míriam), Heesterbeek, T.J. (Thomas J.), Honisch, S. (Sabina), Hoyng, C.B. (Carel B.), Kersten, E. (Eveline), Kilger, E. (Ellen), Klaver, C.C.W. (Caroline C.W.), Langen, H. (Hanno), Lengyel, I. (Imre), Luthert, P. (Phil), Maugeais, C. (Cyrille), Meester-Smoor, M. (Magda), Monés, J. (Jordi), Nogoceke, E. (Everson), Peto, T. (Tunde), Pool, F.M. (Frances M.), Rodríguez, E. (Eduardo), Ueffing, M. (Marius), Ulrich Bartz-Schmidt, K.U. (Karl U.), van Leeuwen, E.M. (Elisabeth M.), Verzijden, T. (Timo), Zumbansen, M. (Markus), Acar, N. (Niyazi), Anastosopoulos, E. (Eleftherios), Azuara-Blanco, A. (Augusto), Bergen, A.A.B. (Arthur), Binquet, C. (Christine), Bird, A.C. (Alan), Bretillon, L. (Lionel), Buitendijk, G. (Gabrielle), Cachulo, M.L. (Maria Luz), Chakravarthy, U. (Usha), Chan, M. (Michelle), Chang, P. (Petrus), Colijn, J. (Johanna), Cumberland, P. (Phillippa), Cunha-Vaz, J. (José), Daien, V. (Vincent), Deak, G. (Gabor), Delyfer, M.-N. (Marie-Noëlle), Hollander, A.I. (Anneke), Dietzel, M. (Martha), Fauser, S. (Sascha), Finger, R. (Robert), Fletcher, A. (Astrid), Foster, P.J. (Paul J.), Founti, P. (Panayiota), Göbel, A. (Arno), Gorgels, T.G.M.F. (Theo), Grauslund, J. (Jakob), Grus, F. (Franz), Hammond, C.J. (Christopher), Helmer, C. (Catherine), Hense, H.-W. (Hans-Werner), Hermann, M. (Manuel), Hoehn, R. (René), Hogg, R. (Ruth), Holz, F.G. (Frank), Hoyng, C.B. (Carel), Jansonius, N.M. (Nomdo), Janssen, S.F. (Sarah), Khawaja, A. (Anthony), Lamparter, J. (Julia), Le Goff, M. (Mélanie), Leal, S. (Sergio), Lechanteur, Y.T.E. (Yara T. E.), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Lotery, A.J. (Andrew), Leung, I. (Irene), Mauschitz, M. (Matthias), Merle, B. (Bénédicte), Meyer zu Westrup, V. (Verena), Midena, E. (Edoardo), Miotto, S. (Stefania), Mirshahi, A. (Alireza), Mohan-Saïd, S. (Sadek), Mueller, M. (Michael), Muldrew, A. (Alyson), Nunes, S. (Sandrina), Oexle, K. (Konrad), Peto, T. (Tünde), Rahi, J. (Jugnoo), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Ribeiro, L. (Luisa), Rougier, M.-B. (Marie-Bénédicte), Sahel, J.-A. (José-Alain), Salonikiou, A. (Aggeliki), Sanchez, C. (Clarisa), Schmitz-Valckenberg, S. (Steffen), Schweitzer, C.M.C. (C. M C), Shehata, J. (Jasmin), Silvestri, G. (Giuliana), Simader, C. (Christian), Souied, E.H. (Eric), Springelkamp, H. (Henriët), Tapp, R. (Robyn), Verhoeven, V. (Virginie), Von Hanno, T. (Therese), Vujosevic, S. (Stela), Williams, K. (Katie), Wolfram, C. (Christian), Yip, J. (Jennifer), Zerbib, J. (Jennyfer), Zwiener, I. (Isabella), Colijn, J.M. (Johanna), Buitendijk, G.H.S. (Gabrielle), Prokofyeva, E. (Elena), Alves, D. (Dalila), Cachulo, M.L. (Maria L.), Khawaja, A.P. (Anthony), Cougnard-Grégoire, A. (Audrey), Merle, B.M.J. (Bénédicte M.J.), Korb, C. (Christina), Erke, M.G. (Maja Gran), Bron, A. (Alain), Anastasopoulos, E. (Eleftherios), Meester-Smoor, M.A. (Magda), Segato, T. (Tatiana), Piermarocchi, S. (Stefano), Jong, P.T.V.M. (Paulus) de, Vingerling, J.R. (Hans), Topouzis, F. (Fotis), Creuzot-Garcher, C. (Catherine), Bertelsen, G. (Geir), Pfeiffer, A.F.H. (Andreas), Fletcher, A.E. (Astrid E.), Foster, P.J. (Paul), Silva, R. (Rufino), Korobelnik, J.-F. (Jean-François), Delcourt, C. (Cécile), Klaver, C.C.W. (Caroline), Ajana, S. (Soufiane), Arango-Gonzalez, B. (Blanca), Arndt, V. (Verena), Bhatia, V. (Vaibhav), Bhattacharya, S.S. (Shomi S.), Biarnés, M. (Marc), Borrell, A. (Anna), Bühren, S. (Sebastian), Calado, S.M. (Sofia M.), Colijn, J.M. (Johanna M.), Dammeier, S. (Sascha), Jong, E.K. (Eiko) de, De la Cerda, B. (Berta), den Hollander, A.I. (Anneke I.), Diaz-Corrales, F.J. (Francisco J.), Diether, S. (Sigrid), Emri, E. (Eszter), Endermann, T. (Tanja), Ferraro, L.L. (Lucia L.), Garcia, M. (Míriam), Heesterbeek, T.J. (Thomas J.), Honisch, S. (Sabina), Hoyng, C.B. (Carel B.), Kersten, E. (Eveline), Kilger, E. (Ellen), Klaver, C.C.W. (Caroline C.W.), Langen, H. (Hanno), Lengyel, I. (Imre), Luthert, P. (Phil), Maugeais, C. (Cyrille), Meester-Smoor, M. (Magda), Monés, J. (Jordi), Nogoceke, E. (Everson), Peto, T. (Tunde), Pool, F.M. (Frances M.), Rodríguez, E. (Eduardo), Ueffing, M. (Marius), Ulrich Bartz-Schmidt, K.U. (Karl U.), van Leeuwen, E.M. (Elisabeth M.), Verzijden, T. (Timo), Zumbansen, M. (Markus), Acar, N. (Niyazi), Anastosopoulos, E. (Eleftherios), Azuara-Blanco, A. (Augusto), Bergen, A.A.B. (Arthur), Binquet, C. (Christine), Bird, A.C. (Alan), Bretillon, L. (Lionel), Buitendijk, G. (Gabrielle), Cachulo, M.L. (Maria Luz), Chakravarthy, U. (Usha), Chan, M. (Michelle), Chang, P. (Petrus), Colijn, J. (Johanna), Cumberland, P. (Phillippa), Cunha-Vaz, J. (José), Daien, V. (Vincent), Deak, G. (Gabor), Delyfer, M.-N. (Marie-Noëlle), Hollander, A.I. (Anneke), Dietzel, M. (Martha), Fauser, S. (Sascha), Finger, R. (Robert), Fletcher, A. (Astrid), Foster, P.J. (Paul J.), Founti, P. (Panayiota), Göbel, A. (Arno), Gorgels, T.G.M.F. (Theo), Grauslund, J. (Jakob), Grus, F. (Franz), Hammond, C.J. (Christopher), Helmer, C. (Catherine), Hense, H.-W. (Hans-Werner), Hermann, M. (Manuel), Hoehn, R. (René), Hogg, R. (Ruth), Holz, F.G. (Frank), Hoyng, C.B. (Carel), Jansonius, N.M. (Nomdo), Janssen, S.F. (Sarah), Khawaja, A. (Anthony), Lamparter, J. (Julia), Le Goff, M. (Mélanie), Leal, S. (Sergio), Lechanteur, Y.T.E. (Yara T. E.), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Lotery, A.J. (Andrew), Leung, I. (Irene), Mauschitz, M. (Matthias), Merle, B. (Bénédicte), Meyer zu Westrup, V. (Verena), Midena, E. (Edoardo), Miotto, S. (Stefania), Mirshahi, A. (Alireza), Mohan-Saïd, S. (Sadek), Mueller, M. (Michael), Muldrew, A. (Alyson), Nunes, S. (Sandrina), Oexle, K. (Konrad), Peto, T. (Tünde), Rahi, J. (Jugnoo), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Ribeiro, L. (Luisa), Rougier, M.-B. (Marie-Bénédicte), Sahel, J.-A. (José-Alain), Salonikiou, A. (Aggeliki), Sanchez, C. (Clarisa), Schmitz-Valckenberg, S. (Steffen), Schweitzer, C.M.C. (C. M C), Shehata, J. (Jasmin), Silvestri, G. (Giuliana), Simader, C. (Christian), Souied, E.H. (Eric), Springelkamp, H. (Henriët), Tapp, R. (Robyn), Verhoeven, V. (Virginie), Von Hanno, T. (Therese), Vujosevic, S. (Stela), Williams, K. (Katie), Wolfram, C. (Christian), Yip, J. (Jennifer), Zerbib, J. (Jennyfer), and Zwiener, I. (Isabella)

Abstract

Purpose Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a frequent, complex disorder in elderly of European ancestry. Risk profiles and treatment options have changed considerably over the years, which may have affected disease prevalence and outcome. We determined the prevalence of early and late AMD in Europe from 1990 to 2013 using the European Eye Epidemiology (E3) consortium, and made projections for the future. Design Meta-analysis of prevalence data. Participants A total of 42 080 individuals 40 years of age and older participating in 14 population-based cohorts from 10 countries in Europe. Methods AMD was diagnosed based on fundus photographs using the Rotterdam Classification. Prevalence of early and late AMD was calculated using random-effects meta-analysis stratified for age, birth cohort, gender, geographic region, and time period of the study. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was compared between late AMD subtypes; geographic atrophy (GA) and choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Main Outcome Measures Prevalence of early and late AMD, BCVA, and number of AMD cases. Results Prevalence of early AMD increased from 3.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.1%–5.0%) in those aged 55–59 years to 17.6% (95% C

Published
2017
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25. One-Year Progression of Diabetic Subclinical Macular Edema in Eyes with Mild Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: Location of the Increase in Retinal Thickness

Author

Tejerina AN, Vujosevic S, Varano M, Egan C, Sivaprasad S, Menon G, Massin P, Verbraak FD, Lund-Andersen H, Martinez JP, Jurgens I, Smets E, Coriat C, Wiedemann P, Ágoas V, Querques G, Holz FG, Nunes S, Alves D, Neves C, Santos T, Ribeiro L, Bandello F, Cunha-Vaz J, and for EVICR.net

Subjects
genetic structures, sense organs, eye diseases
Abstract

Purpose: To characterize the 1-year progression of retinal thickness (RT) increase occurring in eyes with subclinical macular edema in type 2 diabetes. Methods: Forty-eight type 2 diabetic eyes/patients with mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR; levels 20 and 35 in the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study) classified as presenting subclinical macular edema at baseline completed the 1-year follow-up period, from a sample of 194 followed in a 12-month observational and prospectivestudy(ClinicalTrials. gov identifier: NCT01145599). Automated segmentation of the retinal layers in these eyes was performed, followed by verification and correction by a human grader. Results: The highest increase in RT over the 1-year follow-up period for the 48 eyes/patients with subclinical macular edema was found in the inner nuclear layer (INL). Progression to clinical macular edema was also associated with increased thickening of other retinal layers aside from the INL. The microvascular disease activity shown by microaneurysm (MA) turn-over >= 6 was associated with progression from subclinical to clinical macular edema. Conclusions: Increases in RT occurring over a period of 1 year in diabetic eyes with mild NPDR and subclinical macular edema occur mainly in the INL. The development of clinical macular edema appears to be associated with increased thickening of other retinal layers and microvascular disease activity. (C) 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel

Published
2015

26. Normal values for fundus perimetry with the microperimeter MP1

Author

Midena E., Vujosevic S., Cavarzeran F., Luciani F., Cappello E., Tollot L., Carpineto P., Capris P., Convento E., Radin P. P., Varano M., Tedeschi E., Battaglia Parodi Maurizio, Midena, E., Vujosevic, S., Cavarzeran, F., Luciani, F., Cappello, E., Tollot, L., Carpineto, P., Capris, P., Convento, E., Radin, P. P., Varano, M., Tedeschi, E., and BATTAGLIA PARODI, Maurizio

Abstract

PURPOSE: To identify age-stratified normal light sensitivity values for microperimetry (fundus perimetry) and to evaluate the short-term repeatability of the MP1 microperimeter in normal volunteers.DESIGN: Multicenter, prospective, observational study.PARTICIPANTS: One hundred ninety subjects.METHODS: One hundred ninety eyes of 190 healthy volunteers (age range, 20-75 years) underwent automatic, full-threshold microperimetry of the central field (20 x 20 degrees, 77 stimulated points) with the MP1 microperimeter (Nidek Technologies, Gamagori, Japan). Fixation was documented simultaneously. A subgroup of 10 subjects was retested after 1 hour and 1 week to determine the repeatability of this technique.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: By linear regression analyses, light sensitivity values were obtained from 4 fundus areas and were analyzed for differences related to region, age, and, in a subset of subjects, repeat testing over time and right and left eye variability. Short-term repeatability for each area was evaluated by calculating intraclass correlation coefficients.RESULTS: Linear regression analysis showed a significantly greater (P

Published
2010

30. [PP.36.22]

Author

Boskovic, A., primary, Vukmirovic, M., additional, Nikolic, G., additional, Ratkovic, M., additional, Vujosevic, S., additional, and Medenica, M., additional

Published
2015
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