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3. Severe acute hepatitis and acute liver failure of unknown origin in children: a questionnaire-based study within 34 paediatric liver centres in 22 European countries and Israel, April 2022

Author

de Kleine, R, Lexmond, W, Buescher, G, Sturm, E, Kelly, D, Lohse, A, Lenz, D, Jorgensen, M, Protopapa, P, Shteyer, E, Iorio, R, Pukite, I, Kucinskiene, R, Grima, A, Koot, B, Pop, T, De Bruyne, R, Stephenne, Vukovic, J, Mitrova, K, Kvistgaard, H, Merras-Salmio, L, Hery, G, Debray, D, Ruiz, M, Schulz-Jurgensen, S, Lurz, E, Hives, V, Cananzi, M, D'Antiga, L, di Giorgio, A, Pinon, M, Kaminska, D, Costa, I, Brecelj, J, Bartolo, G, Quintero, J, Fischler, B, Mclin, V, de Kleine R. H., Lexmond W. S., Buescher G., Sturm E., Kelly D., Lohse A. W., Lenz D., Jorgensen M. H., Protopapa P., Shteyer E., Iorio R., Pukite I., Kucinskiene R., Grima A. -M., Koot B., Pop T. L., De Bruyne R., Vukovic J., Mitrova K., Kvistgaard H., Merras-Salmio L., Hery G., Debray D., Ruiz M., Schulz-Jurgensen S., Lurz E., Hives V., Cananzi M., D'Antiga L., di Giorgio A., Pinon M., Kaminska D., Costa I. G., Brecelj J., Bartolo G. M., Quintero J., Fischler B., McLin V., de Kleine, R, Lexmond, W, Buescher, G, Sturm, E, Kelly, D, Lohse, A, Lenz, D, Jorgensen, M, Protopapa, P, Shteyer, E, Iorio, R, Pukite, I, Kucinskiene, R, Grima, A, Koot, B, Pop, T, De Bruyne, R, Stephenne, Vukovic, J, Mitrova, K, Kvistgaard, H, Merras-Salmio, L, Hery, G, Debray, D, Ruiz, M, Schulz-Jurgensen, S, Lurz, E, Hives, V, Cananzi, M, D'Antiga, L, di Giorgio, A, Pinon, M, Kaminska, D, Costa, I, Brecelj, J, Bartolo, G, Quintero, J, Fischler, B, Mclin, V, de Kleine R. H., Lexmond W. S., Buescher G., Sturm E., Kelly D., Lohse A. W., Lenz D., Jorgensen M. H., Protopapa P., Shteyer E., Iorio R., Pukite I., Kucinskiene R., Grima A. -M., Koot B., Pop T. L., De Bruyne R., Vukovic J., Mitrova K., Kvistgaard H., Merras-Salmio L., Hery G., Debray D., Ruiz M., Schulz-Jurgensen S., Lurz E., Hives V., Cananzi M., D'Antiga L., di Giorgio A., Pinon M., Kaminska D., Costa I. G., Brecelj J., Bartolo G. M., Quintero J., Fischler B., and McLin V.

Abstract

To detect potential concern about severe acute hepatitis in children, we conducted a survey among 50 ERN RARE-LIVER centres. By 26 April 2022, 34 centres, including 25 transplant centres, reported an estimated median of 3-5, 0-2 and 3-5 cases in 2021, 2020 and 2019 and a mean of 2 (range: 0-8) cases between January and April 2022 (mean in 10 large liver transplant centres: 3). Twelve centres reported suspicion of an increase, but no rise. Following a report by the United Kingdom (UK) on 5 April 2022 on the occurrence of cases of severe acute hepatitis in children aged 16 years or under, the World Health Organization (WHO) raised concerns about the possibility of an epidemic [1,2]. By 21 April, 169 possible or confirmed cases were reported fulfilling the WHO case definition [3]. The cause of the hepatitis is unknown but a link to a virus infection has been suggested due to the epidemiological pattern of cases [4,5]. The hepatitis can progress to paediatric acute liver failure (pALF) necessitating urgent liver transplantation to avoid multi-organ failure [6]. We intended to assess whether a rise in incidence of severe acute hepatitis or pALF could be observed between 1 January and 26 April 2022 in comparison to previous years, within the European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER) [7].

Published
2022

9. One-step solid-phase UV spectrophotometric method for phenol determination in vaccines: development and quality assessment

Author

Vukovic, J., Grubesic, R. Jurisic, Kremer, D., and Spaic, A.

Subjects
Identification and classification, Composition, Methods, Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy -- Methods, Vaccines -- Composition, Phenols (Class of compounds) -- Identification and classification, Phenols -- Identification and classification, Spectrum analysis -- Methods
Abstract

Phenols are considered to be priority pollutants because of their harmful effect on organisms and possible accumulation in the environment. From the pharmaceutical point of view, monitoring of phenols is [...], A solid-phase spectrophotometric technique was used to develop very sensitive, inexpensive, one-step procedure for determination of phenol (UV-SPS procedure). The proposed procedure is based on simultaneous sorption of phenol on an anion exchanger QAE Sephadex A-25 (40 mg), within 10 min at pH 11 and measurement of the intrinsic absorbance of the solid phase in a 1-mm cell at 289 and 500 nm, without previous derivatization. The optimum experimental conditions were investigated and comprehensive quality control of the new procedure was carried out using a prevalidation strategy accompanied by a very informative system of diagnosis. The UV-SPS procedure is characterized with both ideal calibration and analytical evaluation function within analyte working range from 0.3 to 3.0 µmol (6.0 to 60.0 nmol/mL). Random deviations (from ± 0.3 to ± 5.0%) and systematic deviations (from -3.0 to + 4.9%) confirmed the favourable precision and accuracy of the UV-SPS method. Evaluated limiting values ([L.sub.D] = 1.0 µM, [L.sub.Q] = 6.0 µM) showed that this method enables determination of very low levels of phenol. The sensitivity of UV-SPS procedure is 50 times higher than that provided by the corresponding method in solution. The UV-SPS method was successfully applied to the determination of phenol in vaccines (recovery 95.6-103.4%). Keywords: solid-phase spectrophotometry, phenol determination, prevalidation, vaccines DOI: 10.1134/S1061934813120137

Published
2013
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14. Exploring the feasibility of solvent recirculation in the extraction process of (poly)phenols from elderflower (Sambucus nigra L.)

Author

Vasiljević Nebojša, Mićić Vladan, Petrović Zoran, Kostić Duško, Palangetić Nikolina, and Vuković Jelena

Subjects
anthocyanins, elderberry flowers, extraction, flavonoids, (poly)phenols, Environmental engineering, TA170-171
Abstract

The traditional maceration technique with a two-step solid-liquid extraction was used in this paper. After the first extraction step, an extract was separated from the exhausted plant material (elderberry flower) and then a plant material was added to the extract. Experimental parameters included different ethanol concentrations (30 %, 60 %, and 90 %), solid-to-solvent ratios (1:15, 1:30, and 1:45 w/v), pH values (3, 7, and 10), and extraction times (15, 30, and 45 minutes), while one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) was experimental design. The results indicated that the optimal ethanol concentration in the solvent was 60 vol. % for both extraction steps. Increasing the solid-to-solvent ratio from 1:15 w/v to 1:30 w/v resulted in higher (poly)phenol content, with a slight decrease observed at higher ratios. (Poly)phenols content remained consistent in acidic and neutral environments, but decreased at pH 10. While the content of (poly)phenolic compounds increased with longer extraction times, 30 minutes was considered optimal, as further extension did not significantly increase the content. Additionally, it was observed that the content of total (poly)phenols was lower in the second extraction step, suggesting saturation of the solvent after the first extraction..

Published
2024
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15. Mate preferences across the lifespan

Author

Boothroyd, L.G., Vukovic, J., Welling, L.M., and Shackelford, T.K.

Abstract

Humans show preferential responses to ‘attractive’ individuals from the first hours of life onwards. However, these early preferences are subject to later development, both in terms of increasing agreement on general attractiveness, and the emergence of preferences for specific dimensions of attractiveness relevant to mate choice. Here we firstly outline key aspects of mate choice and consider evidence for their hormonal mediation in adults of reproductive age. We then examine preferences for these traits across key periods of hormonal changes, namely: infancy, puberty, and menopause; and consider potential hormonal mediation arguments for the mate choice changes observed during these periods. We find overall that expression of specific preferences is ambiguous in infancy, but there is clear evidence that preferences become stronger in late childhood and adolescence (albeit subject to disruption around puberty). There is also a modest evidence base suggesting a decline in some preferences at menopause in women. Across the developmental and lifespan literature, however, there is a critical lack of studies assessing hormones directly. We close with key recommendations for future research.

Published
2019

16. Effects of a Nine-Month Physical Activity Intervention on Morphological Characteristics and Motor and Cognitive Skills of Preschool Children

Author

Jaksic, D, Mandic, S, Maksimovic, N, Milosevic, Z, Roklicer, R, Vukovic, J, Pocek, S, Lakicevic, N, Bianco, A, Cassar, Samuel, Drid, P, Jaksic, D, Mandic, S, Maksimovic, N, Milosevic, Z, Roklicer, R, Vukovic, J, Pocek, S, Lakicevic, N, Bianco, A, Cassar, Samuel, and Drid, P

Abstract

(1) Background: Regular physical activity (PA) plays an important role during early childhood physical and psychological development. This study investigates the effects of a 9-month PA intervention on physiological characteristics and motor and cognitive skills in preschool children. (2) Methods: Preschool children (n = 132; age 4 to 7 years) attending regular preschool programs were nonrandomly assigned to PA intervention (n = 66; 60 min sessions twice per week) or a control group (n = 66; no additional organized PA program) for 9 months. Exercise training for the intervention group included various sports games, outdoor activities, martial arts, yoga, and dance. Anthropometry, motor skills (7 tests), and cognitive skills (Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices and Cognitive Assessment System) were assessed before and after an intervention period in both groups. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA. (3) Results: Body weight significantly increased in both groups over time. Compared to the changes observed in the control group, the intervention group significantly increased in chest circumference (p = 0.022). In contrast, the control group demonstrated an increase in waist circumference (p = 0.001), while these measures in the intervention group remained stable. Participants in the intervention group improved running speed (p = 0.016) and standing broad jump (p = 0.000). The flexibility level was maintained in the intervention group, while a significant decrease was observed in the control group (p = 0.010). Children from the intervention group demonstrated progress in the bent-arm hang test (p = 0.001), unlike the control group subjects. Varied improvements in cognitive skills were observed for different variables in both intervention and control groups, with no robust evidence for PA-intervention-related improvements. (4) Conclusions: Preschool children’s participation in a preschool PA intervention improves their motor skills.

Published
2020

22. Professional competencies development of sports science students: the need for more entrepreneurship education

Author

Matic Radenko M., Gonzalez-Serrano María Huertas, Damnjanović Jelena, Maksimovic Branka, Papić-Blagojević Nataša, Milošević Isidora, and Vuković Jovan

Subjects
entrepreneurship, curriculum, sports industry, human resources, higher education, Business, HF5001-6182
Abstract

As a high priority for moving the sports industry forward, the sports market ecosystem requires the development of professional competencies and improving the entrepreneurship education of sports science students. During the last years, entrepreneurship has gained importance in the sports sector to maintain competitiveness. Thus, universities need to promote sports sciences students’ entrepreneurial competencies to improve employability. This research aimed to analyze the differences between first-year and fourth-year sports science students regarding the merit of professional competencies within entrepreneurship education. Both groups of students completed a set of tests presenting professional success factors. Cognitive abilities were measured with Intelligence Structure Battery (INSSV - Short Form, S2) and personality traits with Big Five Structure Inventory (BFSI, short-form, S1). Data were processed with confirmatory factor analysis and multigroup moderation analysis. The model showed acceptable fit indices (NFI=0.89, CFI=0.97, and RMSEA=0.08). The multigroup moderation analysis results indicated that the strongest effect on work aspects of the personality of the first-year sports science students comes from Conscientiousness (β=0.97), Openness (β=0.79), and Agreeableness (β=0.72). In contrast, this impact on fourth-year sports science students exists from Extraversion (β=0.85), Emotional stability (β=0.80), and Openness (β=0.80). On another side, an analysis of cognitive abilities revealed that the strongest effect was produced by numerical ability (β=0.94; β=0.84, respectively). The results demonstrated that sub-samples do not differ regarding the latent dimensions of human resources assessment. These results lead to necessary changes in the sports curriculum of the study program related to entrepreneurship education.

Published
2022
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24. Concurrent parent–child relationship quality is associated with an imprinting-like effect in children’s facial preferences

Author

Vukovic, J., Boothroyd, L.G., Meins, E., and Burt, D.M.

Subjects
Attachment, Facial attraction, Imprinting, Homogamy, Kin recognition
Abstract

Humans have been shown to display phenomena resembling sexual imprinting, whereby adults are attracted to features in potential mates which resemble their opposite sex parent. In humans this may be particularly so when the parent–child relationship is positive, but there are currently limited data elucidating the causes of these patterns. Here we investigate whether such preferences can be documented in children on the cusp of puberty, for whom prospective data exist on parent–child relationships. Sixty 9-year-olds and their parents were recruited from a British longitudinal sample who have been studied since infancy. Parents were photographed and children were then presented with stimuli in which a computer generated face was manipulated to appear more or less like the parent. Children also reported on their current relationship with each parent. Although attachment at 15 months did not predict imprinting at 9 years of age, children reporting a more accepting current relationship with their parents preferred parental features significantly more than those who reported a more rejecting relationship with their parents. These data support the suggestion that imprinting-like phenomena in humans may arise through associative learning.

Published
2015
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25. Developmental changes in children's facial preferences

Author

Boothroyd, L.G., Meins, E., Vukovic, J., and Burt, D.M.

Subjects
Puberty, Averageness, Symmetry, Health, Facial attraction
Abstract

Facial averageness, symmetry, health, and femininity are positively associated with adults' judgements of attractiveness, but little is known about the age at which preferences for individual facial traits develop. We investigated preferences for these facial traits and global attractiveness in 4- to 17-year-olds (N = 346). All age groups showed preferences for globally attractive faces. Preferences for averageness, symmetry, and health did not emerge until middle childhood and experienced apparent disruption or stasis around age 10- to 14-years; femininity was not preferred until early adulthood, and this preference was seen only in girls. Children's pubertal development was not clearly related to any facial preferences, but the results are consistent with the suggestion that early adrenal hormone release may play an activating role in mate preferences, while other constraints may delay further increases in preferences during later puberty.

Published
2014

26. Blockade of microglial KATP-channel abrogates suppression of inflammatory-mediated inhibition of neural precursor cells

Author

Ortega, Francisco Javier, Vukovic, J., Rodríguez Allué, Manuel José, Bartlett, P.F., and Universitat de Barcelona

Subjects
Neurobiologia del desenvolupament, Inflammation, nervous system, Micròglia, Rats as laboratory animals, Microglia, Developmental neurobiology, Inflamació, Rates (Animals de laboratori)
Abstract

Microglia positively affect neural progenitor cell physiology through the release of inflammatory mediators or trophic factors. We demonstrated previously that reactive microglia foster K(ATP) -channel expression and that blocking this channel using glibenclamide administration enhances striatal neurogenesis after stroke. In this study, we investigated whether the microglial K(ATP) -channel directly influences the activation of neural precursor cells (NPCs) from the subventricular zone using transgenic Csf1r-GFP mice. In vitro exposure of NPCs to lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma resulted in a significant decrease in precursor cell number. The complete removal of microglia from the culture or exposure to enriched microglia culture also decreased the precursor cell number. The addition of glibenclamide rescued the negative effects of enriched microglia on neurosphere formation and promoted a ∼20% improvement in precursor cell number. Similar results were found using microglial-conditioned media from isolated microglia. Using primary mixed glial and pure microglial cultures, glibenclamide specifically targeted reactive microglia to restore neurogenesis and increased the microglial production of the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). These findings provide the first direct evidence that the microglial K(ATP) -channel is a regulator of the proliferation of NPCs under inflammatory conditions.

Published
2013

29. Pulsed azithromycin treatment is as effective and safe as 2-week-longer daily doxycycline treatment of acne vulgaris: a randomized, double-blind, noninferiority study

Author

Romuald Maleszka, Turek-Urasinska, K., Oremus, M., Vukovic, J., and Barsic, B.

Subjects
acne vulgares, azithromycin, doxycycline
Abstract

Efficacy and safety of azithromycin and doxycycline for the treatment of moderate acne vulgaris were evaluated (240 patients) in both intention-to-treat and per-protocol populations. The evaluation of clinical efficacy was based on the change in the number of facial inflammatory lesions from baseline to the end of treatment, and noninferiority was defined by the upper 95% confidence limit of the difference between two treatments being less than 9. Reduction in the number of lesions was similar with both azithromycin and doxycycline treatments (27 +/- 12 and 30 +/- 12, respectively) in both groups. Also, the upper 95% confidence limit of 5 inflammatory lesions has satisfied the noninferiority criterion. The incidence of adverse events did not differ between the two treatment groups. The shorter and simpler treatment schedule of azithromycin had similar efficacy and safety as doxycycline in the treatment of moderate acne vulgaris, confirming noninferiority of azithromycin as compared with doxycycline.

Published
2011

30. Comparison of red wine, beer and vodka effects on oxydative stress and increase in arterial stiffness after normobaric oxygen breathing in healthy humans

Author

Modun, D, Budimir, D, Krnic, M, Gunjaca, G, Jajic, I, Vukovic, J, Kozina, B, and Boban, M.

Subjects
Red wine, Hyperoxia, Oxidative stress, Arterial stiffness
Abstract

Introduction: We determined and compared acute effects of different alcoholic beverages on oxygen-induced increase in oxidative stress plasma marker and arterial stiffness in healthy humans. Materials: Ten males randomly consumed one of four tested beverages: red wine (RW), beer, vodka (0.32 g ethanol / kg body wt) and water as control. Every beverage was consumed once, a week apart, in a cross-over design. The volunteers breathed 100% normobaric O2 between 60th and 90th min of 3h study protocol. Plasma lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) and uric acid (UA) concentration, blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and arterial stiffness (evaluated as augmentation index, AIX) were measured before and 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min after beverage consumption. Results: Intake of all alcoholic beverages caused a similar increase of BAC. In contrast to that, only RW caused significant increase in plasma UA (34±4 vs. 15±3, -6±2 and -8±2 μmol/L for, beer, vodka and control, respectively). Exposure to oxygen resulted in increased plasma LOOH in all groups. However, in RW group this increase was lowest (1.1±0.5) in comparison to the control (2.5±0.4), beer (1.6±0.3) and vodka (2.1±0.5 μM/L H2O2). The oxygen-induced elevation in AIX was similarly reduced in all three alcoholic beverage groups relative to the control (13.7±2.6 vs. 3.4±1.3, 0.2±1.6 and 5.4±2.2 % for red wine, beer, and vodka, respectively). Conclusion: RW provided protection against oxygen-induced oxidative stress, in contrast to beer and vodka. This beneficial effect was mainly mediated by corresponding increases in plasma UA levels. All three alcoholic beverages provided similar protection against oxygen-induced increase in arterial stiffness, probably due to central vasodilatatory effect of alcohol itself.

Published
2010

31. Assessment of bone metabolism in adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease – Preliminary report

Author

Senecic Cala, Irena, Kusec, Vesna, Hojsak, Iva, Dujsin, Margareta, Vukovic, J, Cvijetic, Selma, and Kolaček, Sanja

Subjects
bone, inflammatory bowel disease, adolescents, bone markers
Abstract

Skeletal integrity is challenged in paediatric patients with CB and UC due to several factors related to disease and treatment. In order to investigate bone metabolism. serum bone biochemical markers. 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH D) and densitometry were performed in 30 children with CB and UC. This study comprised 13 boys and 17 girls. aged 8-17 years (14.1+/-2.4) ; 24 with diagnosis of CB and 6 with UC. Bone marker measurement included osteocalcin. procollagen-1 propeptide (P1CP) for bone formation. telopeptide collagen 1 crosslinks (crosslaps) for bone resorption. and 25-hydroxy vitamin D for assessment of vitamin D deficiency using commercial ELISA kits. Bone densitometry was performed at the lumbar spine (L1-L4 ???) and z-scores were used for evaluation. No difference between sexes existed for age. biochemical parameters or densitometry data. Vitamin D deficiency (

Published
2007

34. High number of CD14+B7H4+ monocytes is significantly associated with increased concentrations of IL-4, IL-13, IL-10, and TGF-β1 in tumor microcirculation of lung carcinoma

Author

Vuković Jelena, Nikolić Nevena, Karličić Vukoica, Stanojević Ivan, Šupić Gordana, Jović Milena, Štefik Debora, Abazović Dzihan, and Vojvodić Danilo

Subjects
antigens, cd, blood, cytokines, histological techniques, lung neoplasms, monocytes, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Background/Aim. Lung cancer (LC) is one of the leading causes of mortality. Disease progression and advanced disease are characterized by the unprotective immune response due to M2 macrophage polarization, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) activity, cytokine imbalance, and regulatory T lymphocyte activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between Th1/Th2 cytokines and CD14+B7H4+ monocyte (Mo) number in LC patients. Methods. We investigated principal Th1/Th2 cytokines and CD14+B7H4+ Mo number in blood and tumor microcirculation samples of 41 LC patients (III and IV clinical stage) and 30 healthy participants (control group). Results. The serum concentrations of investigated cytokines in all patients vs. heathy controls did not differ significantly. Stratification in groups according to tumor histology, disease extent, and tumor size revealed significant differences. LC patients with different histology types demonstrated significant differences, both in serum and tumor microcirculation samples. The presence of metastasis was associated with increased IFN-γ/IL-4 in blood and increased IL-13 in tumor microcirculation samples. Tumor microcirculation samples of the largest tumors were characterized by the Th2 cytokine profile. Investigation of CD14+B7H4+ Mo in blood samples demonstrated a significant association of extreme value of this cell population with elevated IL-2/IL-13. Patients with the highest CD14+B7H4+ Mo number in tumor microcirculation samples demonstrated significant increments of IL-4, IL-13, IL-10, and TGF-β1. Conclusion. LC patients demonstrated polarization of cytokine response associated with microenvironment origin, tumor histology type, tumor size, and disease extent. The highest number of CD14+ B7H4+ monocytes is significantly associated with the Th2 cytokine profile.

Published
2021
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35. Influence of biological markers on overall survival in surgically treated patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Author

Lončarević Olivera, Lončarević Slobodan, Vekić Berislav, Đukanović Leonida, Vuković Jelena, and Rančić Nemanja

Subjects
biomarkers, carcinoma, non-small-cell lung, immunohistochemistry, survival, neoplasm staging, surgical procedures, operative, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Background/Aim. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common malignant tumors and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of biological markers on the overall survival rate in surgically treated NSCLC patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. Methods. This retrospective case series study included patients with NSCLC treated in the period between 2008 and 2017 at the Pulmonology Clinic and the Clinic for Chest Surgery, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia. The survival analysis performed was based on immunohistological findings, histology type, and tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) stages. Results. The mortality rate was higher in the adenocarcinoma patient group compared to the squamous cell carcinoma group, albeit without statistical significance (58.3% vs. 31.2%, respectively; p = 0.175). Overall survival was shorter in the adenocarcinoma patient group compared to the squamous cell carcinoma group by approximately 750 days. Likewise, overall survival was shorter in the adenocarcinoma patient group compared to the squamous cell carcinoma group for CD31 positive (p = 0.029), p-63 positive (p = 0.049), MMP-9 positive (p = 0.032), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 positive patients (p = 0.016). Conclusion. Adenocarcinoma is a more aggressive cancer type compared to squamous cell carcinoma with shorter overall survival. Our research showed a poorer overall survival in the adeno-carcinoma group of patients compared to the squamous cell carcinoma group in CD31, p-63, MMP-9, and MMP-2 positive patients.

Published
2021
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36. The analysis of a sudden death caused by the unusual shape of the foramen magnum stenosis

Author

Vuković Miloš, Vuković Jelena, Maletin Miloš, and Vuković Radenko

Subjects
constriction, pathologic, death, sudden, foramen magnum, forensic pathology, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Introduction. The anomalies of the size and shape of the foramen magnum (FM), followed by its stenosis, take a special place in clinical and forensic practice. The clinical picture of FM stenosis is variable, but it is not specific, which is why these anomalies are sometimes not recognized in time and are only detected by autopsy. Case report. This paper analyzes the case of a sudden death caused by the unusual shape of the FM stenosis. On autopsy, we found exostoses on the front and rear edges of the FM with their prominence into the FM. The exostoses reduced the sagittal diameter of the FM and practically divided it into two asymmetric semicircles, which is why we called this stenosis the "keyhole" stenosis of the FM. This form of the FM stenosis pushes the medulla oblongata aside, resulting in its incarceration into one of the FM semicircles. Conclusion. A stenosis of the FM can represent a threat to life, especially when combined with its unusual shape, as in our case. In this way, the critical stenosis of the FM becomes clinically clearly manifested, and there is a loss of consciousness that can also end with a sudden death, as in our case.

Published
2021
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37. Significance of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) like CD14+B7-H4 cells frequency in blood and tumor microcirculation of lung cancer patients

Author

Vuković Jelena, Karličić Vukojica, Ristić Saša, Stanojević Ivan, Nikolić Nevena, Štefik Debra, Jović Milena, Abazović Džihan, Šupić Gordana, Vojvodić Danilo, and Pavlović Miloš

Subjects
lung neoplasms, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, immunologic factors, neoplasm metastasis, flow cytometry, histology, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Background/Aim. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) suppress immune responses via a series of inhibitory mechanisms, which ultimately could lead to tumor growth. B7-H4 expression is significantly associated with poor outcome and promotion of tumor cell proliferation, invasion and migration in patients with various cancers. Data concerning B7-H4 expression in lung cancers (LC), either on tumor or immunological cells, are still sporadic. The aim was to estimate and correlate the number of CD14+B7-H4+MDSCs in blood and lung tumor microcirculation with clinical stage, histology type of tumor, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stadium, nodal status and disease outspread. Methods. The study included 44 lung cancer patients (III and IV clinical stage) and 30 healthy controls. CD14+B7-H4+ MDSC number was estimated by flow cytometry in blood and tumor microcirculation samples of each patient. Results. CD14+B7-H4+ MDSCs number was significantly higher in patients’ samples compared to controls. CD14+B7-H4+ MDSC number was significantly increased in tumor compared to blood sample of the same patient. Clinical stage III patients had the increased number of the CD14+B7-H4+ MDSC compared to stage IV, in both types of samples. According to histology, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients had the highest average CD14+B7-H4+ MDSCs number, significantly increased compared to patients with squamous and large cell LC histology type. Tumor size was directly associated with the number of the CD14+B7-H4+ MDSC, both in blood and tumor samples. Furthermore, nodal involvement was associated with the gradual increase of the CD14+B7-H4+ MDSC number, being the highest in the N3 group, again both in blood and tumor samples. Finally, we detected higher CD14+B7-H4+ MDSCs number in the samples of patients without metastases. Conclusion. CD14+B7-H4+ MDSCs n umber in L C patients is significantly associated with tumor histology type, lymph node involvement, disease extent degree and tumor size. Concerning their large number in LC tumor microenvironment together with immunosuppressive capacities, CD14+B7-H4+ MDSCs could represent important tumor promoting factor in LC pathophysiology.

Published
2021
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41. General approach for Nth-order dispersive material

Author

Hu, B, P. Sewell, A. Vukovic, J. Paul, T. Benson, Sewell, P, Vukovic, A, Paul, John D., Benson, T, Hu, B, P. Sewell, A. Vukovic, J. Paul, T. Benson, Sewell, P, Vukovic, A, Paul, John D., and Benson, T

Abstract

In some recent publications, formulations of a time-domain beam propagation method (TD-BPM) were developed to incorporate dispersive media with complex permittivity described by a single first-order pole or a modified version thereof. However, for many emerging optical applications, procedures are needed for general linear dispersive media with dispersions described by rational functions, such as a combination of multiple second-order poles. The authors present an efficient frequency-dependent full-band TD-BPM formulation for the analysis of general linear dispersive media. In this method, the complex time-domain convolution of the dispersive media is evaluated efficiently via a Z-transform. The formulation is validated by simulating dispersive media with complex permittivity described by single and multiple second-order poles at microwave and optical frequencies. It is shown that the proposed formulation can accurately simulate broadband electromagnetic responses using a much larger time-step size than those required by other conventional numerical techniques. Extension of this formulation to the treatment of any general material, such as dispersive non-linear material, is straightforward.

Published
2006

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