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We present a simple algorithm for management of post-traumatic posterior heel defect. We covered these with various flaps depending upon the defect size, its exact location, associated injuries, extent of zone of trauma, and complexity of the defect. The aim was to select the most suitable method for soft tissue coverage for posterior heel reconstruction.

Proboscis lateralis is a rare congenital anomaly for which no embryological basis has been established. Besides heminasal aplasia or hypoplasia, various other craniofacial anomalies are also associated with it. It is only uncommonly free of other anomalies. Evaluation of a patient should include CT scan examination to look for growth of facial and skull bones. Reconstruction should start at an early age. Proboscis itself is the best option for heminose formation. Cartilaginous or bony support can be planned later in the late teens to give good aesthetic result.

Borichangar, R.V.; Vyas, U.D.; Parmar, J.N.; Vanza, J.G.; Solanki, H.G., and Pathak, N., 2024. Additional record and taxonomic description of the Arabian carpet shark, Chiloscyllium arabicum, from Dholai Port, southwest coast of Gujarat, India. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(3), 617–622. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. The present study reports an additional record of the Arabian carpet shark, Chiloscyllium arabicum, off Dholai Port, southwest coast of Gujarat, India. Two specimens were caught in a bottom trawl net at a depth of 30–32 m around the southwest coast of Gujarat. The total length and weight of the male and female specimens were recorded as 56.10 cm and 812.5 g and 52.80 cm and 681 g, respectively. In total, 119 morphometric parameters were closely observed and recorded for the taxonomic identification and confirmation of the species. Previously, C. arabicum has been reported from Okha, Mangrol, and Veraval ports along the northwest coast of Gujarat. This study serves as the initial report of the presence of the Arabian carpet shark from Dholai Port, southwest coast of Gujarat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary focus of this study is to provide classical taxonomic analysis and a detailed description of Paranibea semiluctuosa, a specimen obtained through trawling operations and subsequently brought to the Umargaon fish landing center. A total of 43 morphometric parameters and 21 meristic characters were documented and identified with standard identification keys and the original species descriptions. While, prior reports had identified P. semiluctuosa from the Gulf of Kutch, this study marks a significant milestone as it represents the first documented occurrence of the species from Umargaon. This expanded geographical insight enhances understanding of the species distribution and the importance of its taxonomic description and contributes to the broader knowledge of the regional marine biodiversity of Gujarat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research focused on the discovery of an undocumented species, Chiloscyllium indicum, from the South West coast of Gujarat, India. The fish specimens collected from trawler boats at Dholai port and employed taxonomic identification techniques using identification keys and reference materials. A total of 104 morphometric characters were documented and photographs were taken for record-keeping. The results confirmed the presence of C. indicum and provided diagnostic characteristics for its identification. This finding highlights first time reported of species at Gujarat Coast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study deals with fish diversity of Ozat-II dam, Gujarat. Sampling was done every one month interval during January 2019 to February 2020. Total 27 species from 7 orders, 12 families and 18 genera were recorded during the present study. The range of different physico-chemical parameters were observed such as water temperature 18.8 - 30°C; pH 7.2 - 8.5; Dissolved Oxygen 5.1 - 11.3mg/l; Total alkalinity 78 - 119 mg/l; Total hardness 76 - 147 mg/l. Dominant family Cyprinidae (12 species and 07 genera), followed by Siluridae (three species and two genera), Bagridae and Channidae (Two species and one genera) and other families Claridea, Heteropneustidae, Cichilidae, Ambassidae, Notopteridae, Belonidae, Mastacembelidae and Poecilidae contributed (single species with single genus). Out of 27 fish species 23 species least concern, one species under not evaluated and 3 species near threaten. During month of December (post monsoon) highest fish diversity was found. This is first ever study on the fish diversity and would help in explore the fish fauna of Ozat-II dam in Gujarat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The seasonal diversity of different types of zooplankton was obserevedfor theHiran-II reservoir, Umerethi, Saurashtra region of Gujarat, India. The samples were collected from the surface water with the help of a plankton net having amesh size of 64 µm. The samples were preserved for further analysis. The zooplankton specieswere identified using key references. The zooplankton population showedthe correlation with the parameters of water temperature, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, hardness, alkalinity, phosphate, nitrate, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, electrical conductivity, and transparency. The zooplankton was represented by 15% protozoa, 33% Rotifera, 46% Arthropoda and 6% Miscellaneous in the samples. The range of zooplankton recorded between 136 to 267no./l. The zooplankton density was minimum in January whereas the maximum was observed in October. This study may support to help towards the management of Hiran-II reservoir effectively in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study deals with ichthyofaunal diversity of Bhadar-I reservoir, Gujarat. Sampling was done every 15 days interval during July 2015 to April 2016. Total 27 species from 5 orders, 11 families and 19 genera were recorded during the present study. Cypriniformes was the dominant order in term of species diversity (11 species) followed by Siluriformes (9 species), Perciformes (5 species), Osteoglossiformes and Synbranchiformes were represented by one species each. Dominant family was Cyprinidae (11 species) followed by Bagridae (4 species), Channidae (3 species), Siluridae (2 species) and one species of Pangasiidae, Claridae, Heteropneustidae, Cichlidae, Ambassidae, Notopteridae, Mastacembelidae families. Total of 27 species of fishes were recorded during study period. Out of these one species comes vulnerable status, 21 species least concern, one species each under not evaluated and data deficient status and 3 species near threaten. During month of December (post monsoon) highest fish diversity was found. The range of different physico-chemical parameters were observed such as water temperature 20.2°C - 27.4°C; pH 7.4 - 8.4; Dissolved Oxygen 7.2 - 11.3 mg/l; Total alkalinity 110 - 145 mg/l; Total hardness 80 - 142 mg/l. This is first ever study on the fish diversity and would help in explore the fish fauna of Bhadar-I reservoir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the susceptibility of buffaloes to liver infections, the prevalence and pathology. Some factors that affect the liver of buffaloes are indiscriminate use of toxic substances in agricultural practices, environmental pollutants and drug toxicity. The parasitic conditions observed in buffaloes consisted of hypertrophy and hyperplasia of bile duct with fibrosis of biliary mucosa.

Conventional Snellen visual acuity chart has unequal difficulty score and irregular progression in letter size causing jumping effect at different visual acuity levels. There is also increase in number of letters from above downwards. Consequently one or two mistakes per line has different meaning of visual acuity at different levels. We designed a new visual acuity chart of fourteen lines in Hindi and Gujarati to facilitate standardization in visual acuity measurement. These charts are designed for use at six meter distance, and the illumination is provided from front. These charts provide a standardized way of measuring visual acuity using local languages.

CO 2 hydrogenation to methanol has the potential to serve as a sustainable route to a wide variety of hydrocarbons, fuels and plastics in the quest for net zero. Synergistic Pd/In 2 O 3 (Palldium on Indium Oxide) catalysts show high CO 2 conversion and methanol selectivity, enhancing methanol yield. The identity of the optimal active site for this reaction is unclear, either as a Pd-In alloy, proximate metals, or distinct sites. In this work, we demonstrate that metal-efficient Pd/In 2 O 3 species dispersed on Al 2 O 3 can match the performance of pure Pd/In 2 O 3 systems. Further, we follow the evolution of both Pd and In sites, and surface species, under operando reaction conditions using X-ray Absorption Spectroscpy (XAS) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. In doing so, we can determine both the nature of the active sites and the influence on the catalytic mechanism., (© 2023 The Authors. Angewandte Chemie International Edition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Background: A major dental concern in children with special health-care needs is poor oral hygiene, which results in increased incidences of dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontal disease., Aims: The study intended to determine if there was a difference in the oral health status of children with visual impairment and normal children and to evaluate the efficacy of the frequently used dental aids., Settings and Design: The study population included 90 children, 45 children with visual impairment (study group) with age- and sex-matched 45 normal children (control group). Both the groups were further divided into three intervention subgroups. Subgroup A: manual toothbrushes, Subgroup B: manual toothbrush with medicated mouthwashes, and Subgroup C: powered toothbrushes., Materials and Methods: For each subject, oral hygiene index simplified (OHIS), Turesky-Gilmore-Glickman modification of the Quigley-Hein Plaque Index (TQPHI), and decayed missing filled teeth (DMFT) indices were recorded at baseline, i.e., before any intervention. This was followed by oral prophylaxis by ultrasonic scaling. The three indices were recorded in 0 (baseline), 30 days (1 month), 90 days (3 months), and 180 days (6 months), respectively., Statistical Analysis Used: ANOVA test, Chi-square test, and student paired test were used for statistical analysis., Results: The mean TQHPI and OHIS values of mouthwashes at the end of 6 months were 1.01 and 1.60, respectively, which were lower than manual and power brushes. No statistically significant reduction in the DMFT scores with the use of any of the adjuncts was noted., Conclusions: Among the dental aids used in the study, mouthwash showed a significant reduction in plaque and oral hygiene scores as compared to powered toothbrushes and manual brushes alone., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2021 Indian Society of Periodontology.)

We map out a typical prostate cancer care pathway through discussion of updates on modern imaging. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging is the most sensitive and specific imaging tool for diagnosis and local staging, but transrectal ultrasound remains the most widely used technique for prostate biopsy guidance. Computed tomography and bone scan are useful in initial staging and recurrence detection. Novel imaging techniques in ultrasound elastography and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging allow for increased lesion detection sensitivity and have the potential to enhance biopsy, while the development of new positron emission tomography radiotracers has great promise for improved detection of local and metastatic disease in patients with biochemical recurrence., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Hyperuricemia is highly prevalent and especially common in subjects with metabolic, cardiovascular and renal diseases. In chronic kidney disease, hyperuricemia is extremely common, and uric acid (UA) excretion relies on gut uricolysis by gut microbiota. Current therapy for lowering serum UA includes drugs that may produce undesired secondary effects. Therefore, this pilot study was designed to evaluate the potential of two probiotic supplements to reduce systemic uric acid concentrations. Secondary objectives were to assess whether the hypouricemic effect related to a therapeutic benefit on the hyperuricemia-induced renal damage and hypertension. Analysis of fecal microbiota was also performed. Groups of 6 rats each were followed for 5 weeks and allocated in the following treatment groups: C = Control; HU-ND = Oxonic acid-induced hyperuricemia (HU) +regular diet; HU-P = HU+placebo; HU-F1 = HU+ probiotics formula 1 and HU-F2 = HU+ probiotics formula 2. We confirmed that oxonic acid-induced hyperuricemia produced hypertension and renal functional and structural changes, along with modest changes in the overall composition of fecal microbiota. Both probiotic-containing diets prevented HU, elevated UA urinary excretion and intrarenal UA accumulation induced by oxonic acid. The hypouricemic effect conferred by probiotic supplementation also prevented the renal changes and hypertension caused by hyperuricemia. However, probiotic treatment did not restore the fecal microbiota. In conclusion, we demonstrated for the first time the ability of probiotics containing uricolytic bacteria to lower serum uric acid in hyperuricemic animals with beneficial consequences on blood pressure and renal disease. As probiotics supplements are innocuous for human health, we recommend clinical studies to test if probiotic supplements could benefit hyperuricemic individuals., Competing Interests: The authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: NR, PR, UV and AI work for Kibow Biotech. RJJ is an inventor on patents related to lowering uric acid as it relates to BP, insulin resistance, and diabetic kidney disease and has equity in XORT Therapeutics, Inc and Colorado Research Partners LLC, which are startup companies interested in developing novel xanthine oxidase inhibitors and fructokinase inhibitors, respectively. Dr. Johnson has also received honoraria from Danone and Astra Zeneca and is on the Scientific Board of Kibow, Inc. LGSL receives research support from Relburn Metabolomics and Danone Research Institute and is member of Colorado Research Partners, LLC. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Objectives: Appropriate treatment of hypothyroidism requires accurate diagnosis. This registry aimed to study the disease profile and treatment paradigm in hypothyroid patients in India., Materials and Methods: We registered 1500 newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve, adult hypothyroid males and nonpregnant females across 33 centers and collected relevant data from medical records. The first analysis report on baseline data is presented here., Results: The mean age of the study population was 41.1 ± 14.01 years with a female to male ratio of 7:3. The most frequently reported symptoms and signs were fatigue (60.17%) and weight gain with poor appetite (36.22%). Menstrual abnormalities were reported in all women ( n = 730) who had not attained menopause. Grades 1 and 2 goiter (as per the WHO) were observed in 15.41% and 3.27% patients, respectively. Comorbidities were reported in 545 patients (36.36%), type 2 diabetes mellitus being the most prevalent (13.54%) followed by hypertension (11.34%). Total serum thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were assessed in 291 (19.47%) patients only. In majority of patients (81%), treatment was based on serum TSH levels alone. The dose of levothyroxine ranged from 12.5 to 375 mcg., Conclusions: Guidelines suggest a diagnosis of hypothyroidism based on TSH and T4 levels. However, most of the patients as observed in this registry received treatment with levothyroxine based on TSH levels alone, thus highlighting the need for awareness and scientific education among clinicians in India. The use of standard doses (100, 75, and 25 mcg) of levothyroxine may point toward empirical management practices., Competing Interests: Dr. Upal Vyas is an employee of Abbott India Ltd., and was involved in all aspects of the study design and implementation. Dr. Bipin Sethi, Dr. Sumitav Barua, Dr. M.S. Raghvendra, Dr. Jagdish Gotur, and Dr. Deepak Khandelwal have received research funding from Abbott India Ltd.