6 results on '"Würfel, Eva"'
Search Results
2. Diphtheria in a Swiss Asylum Seeker Reception Centre: Outbreak Investigation and Evaluation of Testing and Vaccination Strategies.
- Author
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Brockhaus, Lisa, Urwyler, Pascal, Leutwyler, Ulrike, Würfel, Eva, Vasconcelos, Malte Kohns, Goldenberger, Daniel, Keller, Peter Michael, Sutter, Sarah Tschudin, and Labhardt, Niklaus Daniel
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POLITICAL refugees ,DIPHTHERIA ,VACCINATION ,THROAT ,MICROBIOLOGY - Abstract
Objectives: To describe a suspected diphtheria outbreak in a Swiss asylum seeker reception centre, and to analyse its management response regarding testing and vaccination. Methods: We retrospectively analysed clinical, microbiology, and case management data of all asylum seekers tested for C. diphtheriae between 28th August and 31st December 2022 while residing at the centre. Results are reported descriptively. Results: Among 265 individuals tested, ten cases of cutaneous diphtheria, one simultaneous respiratory and cutaneous case, and nine respiratory carriers were identified. Mass throat screening, targeted throat testing and targeted wound testing yielded 4.8%, 4.3%, and 17.4% positive results, respectively. No respiratory carrier was identified among cutaneous cases undergoing a throat swab, and no symptomatic case was identified among individuals with unspecific throat symptoms. Rates of vaccination implementation of newly arriving asylum seekers before and after the outbreak were low (17.5% and 15.5%, respectively), as were rates of targeted vaccination among cases and close contacts. Conclusion: We provide evidence for transmission both prior to arrival and within the setting, suboptimal practices and timeliness of testing, and implementation gaps in vaccination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Influenza transmission dynamics quantified from wastewater
- Author
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Nadeau, Sarah, primary, Devaux, A.J., additional, Bagutti, Claudia, additional, Alt, Monica, additional, Hampe, Evelyn Ilg, additional, Kraus, Melanie, additional, Würfel, Eva, additional, Koch, Katrin N., additional, Fuchs, Simon, additional, Tschudin-Sutter, Sarah, additional, Holschneider, Aurélie, additional, Ort, Christoph, additional, Chen, Chaoran, additional, Huisman, Jana S., additional, Julian, Timothy R., additional, and Stadler, Tanja, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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4. Sensitivity of magnetic resonance elastography to detect brain development and maturation
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Schregel, Katharina, Faouder, Julie Le, Würfel, Eva, Chatelin, Simon, Bedossa, Pierre, Wüerfel, Jens, and Sinkus, Ralph
- Published
- 2012
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5. Magnetresonanztomographische Darstellung neuroinflammatorischer Prozesse in einem Mausmodell der Multiplen Sklerose
- Author
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Würfel, Eva-Kristin Geb. Tysiak
- Subjects
EAE ,contrast agent ,600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit ,multiple sclerosis ,MRI ,neuroinflammation - Abstract
Die kraniale und spinale Bildgebung mittels Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) hat in den vergangenen Jahren einen zentralen Stellenwert zur Diagnosestellung, Verlaufs- und Therapiekontrolle der Multiplen Sklerose (MS) erlangt. Jedoch besteht trotz hoher Sensitivität der kontrastmittelgestützten MRT bei der Darstellung von entzündlichen Läsionen des zentralen Nervensystems (ZNS) noch immer eine Diskrepanz zwischen den klinischen Symptomen des Patienten und den Befunden der Bildgebung, bekannt als „klinisch- radiologisches Paradox“ der MS. Zielsetzung dieser Studie war eine differenziertere Visualisierung einzelner Teilaspekte der Pathophysiologie der MS mittels MRT. Dazu wurden in einem Tiermodell für MS, der experimentellen autoimmunen Enzephalomyelitis, zwei experimentelle MRT Kontrastmittel, die paramagnetischen Nanopartikel VSOP und das Gadoliniumderivat Gadofluorin M (Gf), im Vergleich zu dem herkömmlichen Kontrastmittel Gadopentetat-Dimeglumin (Gd-DTPA) untersucht. SJL/J Mäuse wurden nach Transfer von Proteolipid- spezifischen, enzephalitogenen T-Zellen, bzw. Ovalbumin-spezifischen, ZNS- irrelevanten T-Zellen in einer Subgruppe, zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten während des Krankheitsverlaufs mit einem 7 Tesla Kleintier MRT vor und nach Kontrastmittelgabe untersucht. Die MRT Schnittsequenzen wurden mit konventionell histologischen und immunhistochemisch gefärbten Gewebeschnitten korreliert. Beide experimentelle Kontrastmittel stellten zusätzliche Läsionen dar, die mit Gd-DTPA nicht detektiert werden konnten. Die Verteilung der Läsionen umfasste das gesamte ZNS und ähnelte dem Läsionsmuster beschrieben bei MS. Gf zeigte sich besonders geeignet für die Visualisierung entzündlicher Hirnnervenveränderungen, z.B. des Nervus opticus. Zudem wurde eine ausgeprägte Kontrastmittelanreicherung im Plexus choroideus und anderen zirkumventrikulären Organen von erkrankten Mäusen festgestellt. VSOP erwies sich ausgesprochen sensitiv in der Darstellung von Bluthirnschrankenveränderungen und fungierte gleichzeitig als zellulärer Marker für aktivierte Makrophagen/Mikroglia. Durch Anwendung von VSOP und Gf konnten verschiedene zelluläre, parenchymatöse und vaskuläre Veränderungen während einer entzündlichen Erkrankung des zentralen Nervensystems in vivo mittels MRT beobachtet werden, die der konventionellen Bildgebung bislang verborgen blieben., Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and the spinal cord has gained a central role for the diagnosis and paraclinical assessment of disease progression in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis (MS). However, despite high sensitivity of contrast-enhanced MRI for the visualization of inflammatory lesions within in the central nervous system (CNS), there is still a mismatch between the clinical symptoms of the patient and the burden of disease seen on MRI described as the “clinico-radiological paradox” of MS. The aim of the study was to investigate novel MRI techniques to address certain aspects of the pathophysiology of MS. Two novel MRI contrast agents, paramagnetic nanoparticles (VSOP) and gadolinium based Gadofluorine M (Gf), were investigated in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS, and compared to the conventional contrast agent gadopentate- dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA). Hereby, SJL/J mice were imaged at different time points during the course of disease on a dedicated 7 Tesla rodent MRI, before and after transfer of proteolipid-protein specific encephalitogenic T-cells, or Ovalbumine-specific CNS-irrelevant T-cells respectively. MRI data were correlated with brain slices stained with immunofluoresence and conventional histological techniques. Both experimental contrast agents revealed additional contrast-enhancing lesions not detected on Gd-DTPA-enhanced images. The lesion distribution was similar to the pattern of lesions described in MS. In detail, Gf was particularly sensitive for the detection of inflammation of the cranial nerves, e.g. the optic nerve. Additionally, Gf largely enhanced in the choroid plexus and other circumventricular organs of EAE mice. VSOP detected blood- brain-barrier breakdown with high sensitivity, but was simultaneously incorporated into activated macrophages/microglia, highlighting these cells on T2*-weighted MRI. Applying VSOP and Gf-enhanced MRI, we could monitor different cellular, parenchymal and vascular alterations during CNS inflammation in vivo, which were occult for conventional MR imaging.
- Published
- 2011
6. Association between the number of symptomatic mpox cases and the detection of mpox virus DNA in wastewater in Switzerland: an observational surveillance study.
- Author
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Bagutti C, Alt Hug M, Heim P, Ilg Hampe E, Hübner P, Julian TR, Koch KN, Grosheintz K, Kraus M, Schaubhut C, Tarnutzer R, Würfel E, Fuchs S, and Tschudin-Sutter S
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- Humans, Monkeypox virus, Switzerland epidemiology, Pandemics, Wastewater-Based Epidemiological Monitoring, DNA, Wastewater, Mpox (monkeypox)
- Abstract
Aim of the Study: The COVID-19 pandemic has drawn attention to the benefit of wastewater-based epidemiology, particularly when case numbers are underreported. Underreporting may be an issue with mpox, where biological reasons and stigma may prevent patients from getting tested. Therefore, we aimed to assess the validity of wastewater surveillance for monitoring mpox virus DNA in wastewater of a Central European city and its association with official case numbers., Methods: Wastewater samples were collected between 1 July and 28 August 2022 in the catchment area of Basel, Switzerland, and the number of mpox virus genome copies they contained was determined by real-time quantitative PCR. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the odds of detectability of mpox virus DNA in wastewater, categorised as detectable or undetectable. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to determine associations between samples that tested positive for the mpox virus and officially reported cases and patients' recorded symptomatic phases., Results: Mpox virus DNA was detected in 15 of 39 wastewater samples. The number of positive wastewater samples was associated with the number of symptomatic cases (odds ratio [OR] = 2.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.38-3.43, p = 0.001). The number of symptomatic cases differed significantly between days with positive versus negative wastewater results (median = 11 and 8, respectively, p = 0.0024)., Conclusion: Mpox virus DNA was detectable in wastewater, even when officially reported case numbers were low (0-3 newly reported mpox cases corresponding to 6-12 symptomatic patients). Detectability in wastewater was significantly associated with the number of symptomatic patients within the catchment area. These findings illustrate the value of wastewater-based surveillance systems when assessing the prevalence of emerging and circulating infectious diseases.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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