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Objective To investigate the correlation between salivary cystatin D level and salivary gland injury in patients with primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS). Methods A total of 51 pSS patients admitted in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from September 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023, and 51 age- and gender-matched healthy individuals who took physical examination in the hospital during same period were enrolled in the study. The level of salivary cystatin D was detected, and the difference in the level between the 2 groups was compared using an independent-samples t test. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to analyze the correlation between salivary cystatin D and clinical parameters in the patients. Results The pSS patients had significantly lower cystatin D level than the healthy controls (206.55±108.11 vs 374.32±172.24 pg/mL, P < 0.01). The cystatin D level in the pSS patients was positively correlated with both static (r=0.433, P=0.002) and dynamic salivary flow rates (r=0.363, P=0.009). The patients with higher score of salivary gland ultrasonography (SGUS) had obviously lower cystatin D than those with lower SGUS score (parotid gland: 160.75±85.56 vs 290.53±95.17 pg/mL, P < 0.01; submandibular gland: 157.76±87.59 vs 276.25±97.06 pg/mL, P < 0.01). The cystatin D level was also negatively correlated with peripheral blood IL-6 level (r=-0.453, P=0.001) and CD4+ T cell count (r=-0.396, P=0.005) in the pSS patients. Conclusion Salivary cystatin D level can be used as an indicator of salivary gland damage for pSS patients.

As a new erasure code for distributed storage systems, locally repairable codes (LRCs) can effectively realize the reliable and efficient storage of massive data. The construction of locally repairable codes with (r,t) locality has become a research hotspot recently. Therefore, the construction methods of locally repairable codes based on triangular association schemes are proposed, which can construct optimal binary locally repairable codes with arbitrary (r,t) locality. Performance analyses show that the LRCs constructed with availability t=2 reach the optimal code rate bound, the LRCs constructed with arbitrary locality r>2 and availability t>2 reach the optimal minimum distance bound. The LRC constructed in this paper performs better in terms of code rate and more flexible parameter selection than those constructed based on near-regular graphs and direct product codes, etc.

【Objective】 Previous studies indicate that existing parameterizations for additional damping (kB-1) are not applicable to all vegetation types. This paper proposes a new approach to account for significant structural differences during vegetation growth. The objective is to analyze the daily and monthly variation patterns of kB-1 during four growing stages of summer maize and to identify the optimal parameterization for each stage. 【Method】 We used fluxes, meteorological and MODIS satellite data from June to September 2012 at the US-Tw2 site to infer the damping parameter kB-1 using the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory, across the seedling, jointing, heading, and maturity stages with observed data. 【Result】 Across all four growing stages, kB-1 exhibited a daily pattern with minimal values in the morning and evening and a peak during midday. Monthly mean values increased with surface roughness. Among the nine parameterization schemes, the results of K07 best matched the observed kB-1 values during the seedling stage, while K89 was most effective for the jointing, heading, and maturity stages, with their associated root mean square error (RMSE) being 1.34, 2.41, 2.79, and 1.55, respectively. For the sensible heat flux, K07, S58, S01 and K89 best matched the observed data in the seedling, jointing, heading, and maturity stages, respectively, with their associated RMSEs being 33.39 W/m2, 46.98 W/m2, 65.97 W/m2, and 36.46 W/m2, respectively. 【Conclusion】 In early growth stage, the parameterization schemes based on the roughness Reynolds number matched the observed data better, whereas the schemes incorporating vegetation structure and air-surface temperature difference (Ts-Ta) were more accurate in the later stages. The optimal parameterization schemes for estimating sensible heat fluxes in the seedling, jointing, heading, and maturity stages are K07, S58, S01 and K89, respectively.

Drug crime is a serious global problem requiring attention. This study focuses on the spatial characteristics and factors influencing drug crimes at the provincial level. Understanding these factors is crucial to combating drug crime and maintaining social stability. In the past, most studies analyzed and discussed drug crimes at the macro and micro scales; however, research on the meso scale is still relatively lacking, and the special geographical location and complex socioeconomic conditions near the border of Myanmar in Yunnan Province had a high incidence of drug crimes, so it was still necessary to study drug crimes at the meso scale in Yunnan Province. This study considers drug crime cases from 129 counties and districts in Yunnan Province and employs Geographic Information System (GIS) statistical analysis, spatial autocorrelation analysis, and a spatial gravity model to examine the spatial difference patterns and spatial correlation network characteristics of drug crime in the province. Additionally, an indicator system for drug crime-influencing factors was constructed, which included economic level, income level, urbanization level, education level, floating population, impact of drug source areas, and terrain complexity. A regression analysis using a Spatial Durbin Model was conducted to analyze the relationship between these factors and drug crimes. First, the drug crime rate in Yunnan Province exhibits a notable spatial variation pattern, wherein clusters of high crime rates are primarily concentrated along the China-Myanmar border. Second, drug crimes in different districts and counties of Yunnan Province exhibit notable spatial correlation and agglomeration patterns on a global scale. Considering the spatial distribution, two main groups with strong spatial correlation networks were identified. The first group includes Kunming's central urban area and its surrounding districts and counties. The second group consists of districts and counties along the Yunnan border. This spatial distribution aligns with the cubic function curve depicting the relationship between distance from Myanmar and the density of drug crime rates. Third, among the influencing factors, the economic level, income level, urbanization level, and drug source area have a significant impact on the drug crime rate in Yunnan Province. Notably, factors related to the source of drugs had the most significant influence, displaying a significant negative correlation. The relationship between the distance from the China-Myanmar border (the source of drugs) and the drug crime rate follows an elongated "inverted S" shaped distribution curve. It demonstrated a significant initial decrease, followed by a slight increase and then a subsequent downward trend. Additionally, the economic level has a significant negative impact on the variation in drug crimes in Yunnan Province, whereas income and urbanization levels have a positive impact. In conclusion, this study focused on the research area of Yunnan Province, which is known for its high incidence of drug crimes, making it a suitable and significant region for this study. It conducted a quantitative analysis of the spatial differentiation characteristics and influencing factors of drug crimes in the Yunnan Province at a provincial mesoscale. Analyzing the exploration of the direction of these influencing factors contributes to the advancement of research on criminal geography.

Abstract [Objective] PEX (pollen extensin-like) gene is involved in controlling pollen development, which plays a crucial role in embryogenesis of pollen microspores and haploid culture. In this study, the authors isolated the CaPEX3 gene from pepper and analyzed its protein structure and expression pattern, which provides a theoretical foundation for further investigation into the function of the CaPEX3 gene. [Methods] CaPEX3 was cloned by PCR, and its protein structure, evolution, and gene regulation were analyzed by bioinformatics. Expression of CaPEX3 in different tissues and pollen of different varieties were detected by qRT-PCR. Pollen viability of different pepper varieties was detected by staining method and their relationship with CaPEX3 expression was analyzed. [Results] The coding region of CaPEX3 was 1 581 bp in length, encoding 526 amino acids, which belongs to the LRX (leucine-rich repeats/extensins) gene family. The protein had phosphorylation and glycosylation sites, signaling peptides, and transmembrane domains. The expression level of CaPEX3 was the highest in flowers, and the gene expression was higher in tissues with high pollen vitality. The regulatory network predicted that CaPEX3 might be involved in the regulation of pollen development through the action of genes related to flower development. [Conclusion] CaPEX3 was specifically expressed in flowers, and a correlation was observed between its expression level and the activity of pollen grains. The analysis of gene expression and the construction of related vectors provided a theoretical foundation and technical support for the subsequent investigation of gene function and mechanism of CaPEX3

Objective To investigate the degree of satisfaction with talent introduction and related influencing factors in a hospital, and to promote the high-quality development of the hospital by improving the quality of medical staff construction and the level of healthcare talent introduction. Methods Based on the satisfaction theory, the Minnesota Employee Satisfaction Scale and Employee Satisfaction Survey Scale were used to determine seven independent variables and one dependent variable for this study. The independent variables were satisfaction with performance evaluation (A), satisfaction with salary and benefits (B), sa-tisfaction with career development (C), satisfaction with work conditions (D), satisfaction with work relationships (E), and satisfaction with talent policies (F) at the micro level and satisfaction with urban living environment at the macro level (G), and the dependent variable was willingness to join (H). A questionnaire survey was conducted among 350 talents introduced. The t-test or a one-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the differences in variables A-H in terms of sex, education level, job type, professional title, and introduction method, and the Pearson correlation coefficient was used to investigate the correlation between va-riables A-H. A regression analysis was performed for the influencing factors for willingness to join among talents, and a model was established for these influencing factors. Results There were no significant differences in variables A, C, and E between the talents with different education levels (P>0.05), while there were significant differences in variables B, D, F, G, and H (F=2.724-3.152,P0.05), while there were significant differences in variables D and G (F=2.384,2.947,P0.05). Conclusion Salary and benefits and work relationships are the main influencing factors for talent introduction in tertiary public hospitals, with a significant impact on talent introduction. The hospital should enhance the attractiveness of salary and benefit policies, strengthen team cohesion and cooperation, and strive to create good working relationships, in order to enhance the sense of belonging among introduced talents.

This paper proposes OrthoGPT, a multimodal generative pre-trained transformer model designed for precise diagnosis and treatment of orthopedic diseases. It addresses several challenges in orthopedic care, such as the difficulties in emergency management outside hospital settings, the complexity and high risks associated with surgical planning, and the strong demand for personalized rehabilitation therapy. The model leverages multimodal feature alignment and fusion technology, multi-scenario personalized diagnosis and treatment plan generation technology, combined with an orthopedic world model based on parallel theory and multi-agent methods. It aims to provide preliminary diagnosis and emergency guidance in non-hospital scenarios, simulate and predict personalized postoperative treatment outcomes, assist doctors in surgical planning, and offer personalized rehabilitation treatment suggestions. The purpose of this paper is to explore the potential applications of OrthoGPT in improving the efficiency and effectiveness of orthopedic diagnosis and treatment, enhancing the patient experience, and advancing the development and application of artificial intelligence in the field of orthopedics.

Abstract Protein Disulfide-Isomerase A2 (PDIA2) is a gene that encodes proteins, responsible for protein folding and modification within cells. The development and course of many disorders are intimately linked to the aberrant expression of PDIA2. Nevertheless, more research is necessary to fully understand PDIA2’s biological significance in pan-cancer, notably in prostate cancer (PCa). PDIA2 expression is elevated in various tumors and closely related to patient prognosis. Patients with prostate cancer who express PDIA2 high in particular have a bad prognosis in terms of progression-free survival. In addition, the upregulation of PDIA2 expression in prostate cancer patients is accompanied by higher Gleason scores, advanced tumor staging, lymph node metastasis, and elevated PSA levels. Detailed experiments further demonstrate that PDIA2 is a carcinogenic gene affecting prostate cancer cells’ response to dasatinib therapy. For patients with prostate cancer, there is a clear positive connection between the expression level of PDIA2 and a bad prognosis. The prostate cancer treatment efficacy of dasatinib is hampered by PDIA2, which is intimately linked to the growth, invasion, and metastasis of PCa cells. In summary, our research highlights the potential of PDIA2 as a biomarker for the diagnosis and management of PCa.

Abstract Purpose To minimize radiation exposure to the small bowel (SB) in patients undergoing treatment for gynecological tumors by adopting a comfortable positioning method. Methods and patients All 76 women undergoing Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) were included in this study. Patients were immobilized in a supine position using a vacuum bag and thermoplastic cast formation. In the trial group (n = 36), patients raised their buttocks and a solid foam pad was placed under the sacral tail before immobilization. The control group (n = 40) received treatment in the standard supine position. The SB was delineated from the pubic symphysis to the total iliac bifurcation in computed tomography (CT) scans. Result In the trial group, a significant reduction in SB volume within the pelvic cavity was observed (mean 399.17 ± 158.7 cc) compared to the control group (mean 547.48 ± 166.9 cc), with a p-value less than 0.001. The trial group showed a statistically significant reduction in the absolute volume of irradiated SB at each dose, ranging from the low dose (10 Gy) to the high dose (45 Gy). In the control group, a negative correlation was found between SB and bladder volumes (R = -0.411, P = 0.008), whereas in the trial group, this correlation was weaker (R = -0.286, P = 0.091), with no significant relationship observed between bladder volume and SB. Conclusion The high buttocks supine position effectively reduces SB radiation exposure without the need for bladder distension. This positioning method holds promise for reducing SB irradiation in various pelvic tumors.

This study investigated the effects of replacing flour with different proportions of mulberry fruit powder on the quality and antioxidant properties of steamed bread, with the goal of preparing steamed bread with high nutritional value and expanding the utilization of mulberries. The impact of varying amounts of mulberry powder on the color difference, texture, microstructure, and antioxidant effects of fermented dough and steamed bread was measured, and the correlation between dough characteristics and steamed bread quality was also analyzed. The results showed that as the amount of mulberry fruit powder increased, the dough's elasticity, L* value (lightness), b* value (yellowness), and w value (whiteness) significantly decreased, while the a* value (redness) increased. Changes in gluten protein structure led to a significant decrease in the specific volume of mulberry steamed bread and an increase in hardness, resulting in a decline in steamed bread quality. The moisture content, elasticity, and chewiness of the steamed bread initially increased and then decreased. Correlation analysis between the dough and steamed bread results revealed significant (P

To review the scope of interventional studies on horticultural therapy (HT) applied to elderly people in nursing institutions to support the efficient implementation of HT among this target group.

[Objective] This study aims to explore the effects of exogenous CaCl2 on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) under saline-alkali stress, and to provide theoretical support for the application of CaCl2 to improve the cultivation efficiency and product quality of marigold on saline-alkali land. [Methods] Taking marigold seedlings as test materials, pot experiment was carried out to observe the growth phenotype, photosynthetic pigment content, photosynthetic gas exchange parameters, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of marigold seedlings by watering (CK1), root irrigation with 80 mmol/L mixed saline-alkali solution (CK2), and root irrigation with saline-alkali followed by foliar spraying with four concentrations of CaCl2 solution (5, 10, 15, 20 mmol/L]. [Results] With the prolongation of saline-alkali stress, the plant height, stem diameter, root configuration, and root-shoot ratio of marigold plants showed a gradual upward trend, and the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration coefficient (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs), total chlorophyll content (Chl t), and maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm ) of leaves showed a downward trend, while intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) showed an upward trend. After spraying different concentrations of CaCl2 on the leaves, the change of each index was decreased. There was a concentration effect, and the effect of 10 mmol/L CaCl2 treatment was the best. On the 20 th day of stress, the Chl t, Pn, Tr, Gs, and Fv/Fm of leaves treated with 10 mmol/L CaCl2 were higher than those of CK2 by 46.78%, 45.53%, 49.51%, 49.57%, and 32.83%, while the root-shoot ratio and Ci were reduced by 22.60% and 30.91%, respectively. [Conclusion] Spraying 10 mmol/L CaCl2 on the leaves reduces the decrease of chlorophyll contents in marigold leaves under saline-alkali stress, increases the electron transport rate of PSⅡ, enhances the photosynthetic capacity of leaves, and effectively improves the growth of plants.

Objective To construct a Type 1 diabetes model in miniature pigs and explore postoperative care strategies for effectively prolonging the survival time of the model pigs. Methods Seven Banna miniature pigs were selected for pancreatectomy. Glucose, vitamins, and antibiotics were administered for 3-5 days after surgery to aid recovery. Blood glucose and urine glucose levels were measured twice a day in the morning and evening to adjust insulin supplementation accordingly. The model pigs were observed daily and records were kept, including orexis, psychosis, weakness, skin ulcer, and feces and urine. Body weight was measured weekly until the death of the model animals. Based on the model pigs' condition, glucose injection and Ringer's lactate solution were administered to supplement nutrition and correct electrolyte imbalances. Results All seven Banna miniature pigs showed typical symptoms of diabetes: random blood glucose levels higher than 11.1 mmol/L after pancreatectomy, far exceeding the average blood glucose level of 6.0 mmol/L in normal pigs; positive urine glucose; and progressive weight loss. These features indicated the successful construction of Type 1 diabetes model. Additionally, Type 1 diabetic pigs that survived more than 8 weeks showed progressive hair loss and skin ulceration. Euthanasia was performed on model pigs when they were unable to stand or even eat independently, and pathological examination and HE staining were conducted on tissues collected from affected organs such as the liver, kidneys, and skin. Pathological sections revealed liver congestion, massive glycogen accumulation, ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes, and progressive liver fibrosis, along with glomerular congestion, vacuolar degeneration in renal tubular epithelial cells, proteinuria, dermal congestion, thinning of vascular walls, and varying degrees of parakeratosis and dyskeratosis in the liver, kidneys, and skin tissues due to prolonged hyperglycemia. The average survival time of the constructed Banna miniature pig diabetes model was 44 d, with a maximum survival time of 121 d. Conclusion Type 1 diabetes model can be constructed successfully in Banna miniature pigs through pancreatectomy. With meticulous postoperative care, a long-term Type 1 diabetes model with significant complications can be achieved, providing a stable large-animal model for Type 1 diabetes treatment strategies.

Objective·To explore the regulatory mechanism of folate cycle metabolism in the immunosuppressive effect of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs).Methods·Bone marrow cells were isolated from C57BL/6 mice and cultured in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with GM-CSF, G-CSF, and IL-6 to induce MDSCs in vitro. PD-L1 expression level and ROS production level of induced MDSCs were detected by flow cytometry. CD8+ T cells were enriched from the spleen by MACS with anti-CD8a-conjugated microbeads, labeled with Celltrace violet, and then co-cultured with MDSCs. After 72 h, proliferation was assessed by flow cytometry. Folate cycle-related metabolic enzymes in MDSCs were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. MDSCs were treated with folate cycle metabolic enzyme MTHFD2 inhibitor DS18561882 (DS18) and folic acid antagonist Pemetrexed. ROS and mitoROS production in MDSCs were assessed by flow cytometry. CD8+ T cells were enriched from the spleen by MACS with anti-CD8a-conjugated microbeads, labeled with Celltrace violet, and then co-cultured with Pemetrexed or DS18-treated MDSCs. After 72 h, proliferation was assessed by flow cytometry. Transcript levels of folate cycle-related metabolic enzymes in pemetrexed or DS18-treated MDSCs were detected by RNAseq. A subcutaneous tumor mouse model of colon cancer was established. From the tenth day post-implantation, tumor-bearing mice were intraperitoneally injected with Pemetrexed (200 mg/kg) and tumor size was recorded for tumor growth curve. On the fourteenth day, mice were sacrificed, and tumors were harvested. MC38 tumor-bearing mice were treated with isotype antibody, anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody (1 mg/kg, deplete CD8+ T cells), Pemetrexed (200 mg/kg), and combination of Pemetrexed with anti-CD8 antibody. MC38 tumor-bearing mice were treated with isotype antibody, anti-Gr1 monoclonal antibody (1.25 mg/kg, clearing MDSCs), combination of Pemetrexed with anti-Gr1 antibody. On the tenth day after implantation, tumor-bearing mice were treated with Pemetrexed (50 mg/kg), anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody (250 μg/kg), Pemetrexed, and combination of Pemetrexed with anti-PD-1 antibody.Results·Flow cytometry data showed that PD-L1 level and ROS production were increased in induced MDSCs, and CD8+ T cell proliferation was also suppressed significantly. qPCR data revealed the expression of folate cycle-related metabolic enzymes MTHFD2 and others was increased in MDSCs. The accumulation of MDSCs was affected by DS18 or Pemetrexed, ROS production in MDSCs was reduced, and the immunosuppression of CD8+ T cells was relieved. RNA-seq results showed that genes related to MDSCs differentiation, such as S100 calc-binding protein A8, and genes related to MDSCs inhibition, such as cytochrome b-245β chain, which is related to ROS production, were also down-regulated after treatment with two folic acid cycling inhibitors. Tumor growth was suppressed by Pemetrexed. Tumor progression was promoted by combination of Pemetrexed with anti-CD8 antibody, compared with Pemetrexed monotherapy. However, tumor growth delay was inhibited by combination of Pemetrexed and anti-CD8, compared with anti-CD8 monotherapy. Tumor growth delay was caused by MDSCs depletion. But tumor growth was promoted by combination of pemetrexed and anti-Gr1, compared with pemetrexed monotherapy. Tumor growth was restricted by combination of pemetrexed and anti-PD-1 antibody, compared with anti-PD-1 monotherapy.Conclusion·Pemetrexed relies on CD8+ T cells for anti-tumor effects and further retards tumor growth by reprogramming MDSCs to an anti-tumor phenotype. Modulating MDSCs by targeting folate cycle could impair their immunosuppressive ability and enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade in cancer treatment.

Objective According to the characteristics of urban rail transit aluminum-alloy vehicle enclosure structure，a K-value calculation method based on thermal resistance model is studied, thereby improving calculation accuracy and efficiency. Method The above enclosure structure is divided into three tiers, with an enclosure structure thermal resistance model established according to the series and parallel relationships of thermal resistances. The series thermal resistance in the third tier includes convective resistance, carbody resistance, and insulation material resistance, as well as a ′simplified resistance′ that can equivalently replace all other thermal resistances along the heat transfer path. By determining the four aforementioned thermal resistances through theoretical calculations and experimental calibration, the total thermal resistance of the enclosure structure can be calculated using the series and parallel relationships of thermal resistances, and subsequently deriving the K-value. Result & Conclusion When compared with experimental results, the calculation accuracy of this method is found to be within 7%. Due to the currently limited availability of K-value experimental data, it is necessary to continually accumulate data and calibrate this thermal resistance model to continuously enhance the accuracy of K-value calculations. An application based on this method is also developed to improve calculation efficiency.

Objective To investigate the effect of holistic nursing interventions in newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Methods Totally 60 newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy were recruited as research objects. Based on the basic treatment of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, all newborns received hyperbaric oxygen therapy and holistic nursing interventions. The partial pressure of oxygen and oxyhemoglobin saturation of newborns were recorded, and score of Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment (NBNA) were compared before and after treatment. Results The partial pressure of oxygen and oxyhemoglobin saturation of newborns were effectively improved after intervention. The total score of NBNA and each dimensional score after intervention were significantly higher than those before intervention (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Based on the basic treatment of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, the holistic nursing interventions are effective to improve the treatment efficacy and behavioral ability of newborns. (目的 探讨整体护理在缺氧缺血性脑病新生儿护理中的应用效果。方法 选取60例缺氧缺血性脑病患儿为研究对象。在缺氧缺血性脑病基础治疗的基础上给予高压氧治疗, 同时配合整体护理方案。记录患儿氧分压和血氧饱和度, 观察患儿行为神经测定(NBHA)评分。结果 干预后患儿氧分压和血氧饱和度得到有效改善。患儿NBHA量表总分及各维度评分较干预前提高, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 在对缺血缺氧性脑病患儿护理中实施整体护理方案, 能确保治疗效果, 有效改善行为神经发育。)

The aim of this study was to identify biomarkers associated with immunity and prognosis in patients with cervical cancer.

The development of edible vegetable oil is related to food security and people’s quality of life. Literature research method was adopted in this research to analyze the policy and economic environments of edible vegetable oil industry, and on this basis, production scale, sales quantity and brand competition of edible vegetable oil were sorted out. According to the production data of edible vegetable oil from 2013 to 2022, the GM (1,1) model was used to forecast the yields of edible vegetable oil in the next five years. The results revealed that the output of edible vegetable oil will decline in the future. There was a super-large market advantage in the domestic market, and the overall development of edible vegetable oil industry will be stable in the future. It is concluded that the edible vegetable oil industry may face market challenges such as consumer demand reduction, demand structure diversification and complex competition of market players in the future. The study suggested that, first, enterprises need to pay attention to the nutrition and health of edible oil products, which could ensure food quality and safety, and meet the needs of consumers for a healthy life. Second, enterprises should carry out product innovation to develop new oil products with high quality as well as lightweight, and create a new consumption scene. Third, by targeting the niche consumer market, actively expanding the market space of edible oil and stabilizing the market scale of small and medium-sized enterprises, could promote the high-quality development of the edible vegetable oil industry.

We developed a contemporary cardioprotective medication using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) loaded with Spinacia oleracea to treat isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction in mice, focusing on the PPAR-γ/NF-κB pathway. The physicochemical techniques, such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis, were employed to characterize the AgNPs. In the in vivo experiment, myocardial infarction was induced in mice by administering ISO subcutaneously at a dose of 40 mg/kg every 12 h for a total of three times. The mice were divided into five groups in a random manner: (1 and 2) ISO + AgNPs at varying doses (10 and 20 μg/mL) and time points; (3) ISO; and (4) control. Following the treatment, cardiac function was assessed through electrocardiogram, as well as biochemical and histochemical analyses. In the study, we examined the inflammatory reactions and cell death in human coronary artery endothelial cells exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The PPAR-γ/NF-κB activation by LPS and the resulting cytokine production were checked using real-time PCR and western blot techniques. The typical ST segment depression in myocardial infarction mice is significantly inhibited by the administration of AgNPs. Additionally, the treatment with AgNPs leads to a significant improvement in ventricular wall infarction, a decrease in mortality rate, and inhibition of myocardial injury marker levels. Furthermore, the application of AgNPs resulted in a decrease in the inflammatory environment within the hearts of mice with myocardial infarction. This effectively prevented the increase in TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. The gene expression normalization of PPAR-γ/NF-κB/IκB-α/IKKα/β and PPAR-γ phosphorylation could potentially be linked to the advantageous impacts of AgNPs. In the context of an in vitro experiment, the administration of AgNPs demonstrated a notable decrease in cell death and inflammation cytokines expression inhibition. The myocardial infarction mice in the pre + post-ISO group appear to experience more noticeable cardioprotective effects from the treatment with AgNPs than those in the post-ISO group. Our research findings demonstrate that AgNPs possess cardioprotective efficacies in ISO-induced myocardial infarction. This beneficial effect may be attributed to the PPAR-γ activation and the NF-κB signaling inhibition. Consequently, our study presents a novel remedial approach for myocardial infarction treatment in clinical settings.

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), remains one of the leading causes of fatal infectious diseases worldwide. The only licensed vaccine, Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), has variable efficacy against TB in adults. Insufficiency of immune cell function diminishes the protective effects of the BCG vaccine. It is critical to clarify the mechanism underlying the antimycobacterial immune response during BCG vaccination. Macrophage mannose receptor (MR) is important for enhancing the uptake and processing of glycoconjugated antigens from pathogens for presentation to T cells, but the roles of macrophage MR in the BCG-induced immune response against M.tb are not yet clear. Here, we discover that macrophage MR deficiency impairs the antimycobacterial immune response in BCG-vaccinated mice. Mechanistically, macrophage MR triggers JAK-STAT1 signaling, which promotes antigen presentation via upregulated MHC-II and induces IL-12 production by macrophages, contributing to CD4+ T cell activation and IFN-γ production. MR deficiency in macrophages reduces the vaccine efficacy of BCG and increases susceptibility to M.tb H37Ra challenge in mice. Our results suggest that MR is critical for macrophage antigen presentation and the antimycobacterial immune response to BCG vaccination and offer valuable guidance for the preventive strategy of BCG immunization.

The transition between strong and weak Allee effects in prey provides a simple regime shift in ecology. In this article, we study a discrete predator-prey system with Holling type II functional response and Allee effect. First, the number of fixed points of the system, local stability, and global stability is discussed. The population changes of predator and prey under strong or weak Allee effects are proved using the nullclines and direction field, respectively. Second, using the bifurcation theory, the bifurcation conditions for the system to undergo transcritical bifurcation and Neimark-Sacker bifurcation at the equilibrium point are obtained. Finally, the dynamic behavior of the system is analyzed by numerical simulation of bifurcation diagram, phase diagram, and maximum Lyapunov exponent diagram. The results show that the system will produce complex dynamic phenomena such as periodic state, quasi-periodic state, and chaos.

This study aimed to elucidate the influence of various culture medium components, including carbon sources, nitrogen sources, inorganic salts, suspension agents, and temperature, on the mycelial growth characteristics of Phallus dongsun. Employing single-factor experiments and response surface methodology within glass Petri dishes, the research identified that carrot powder, soybean powder, and ZnSO4 notably enhanced the proliferation of aerial mycelium, significantly augmenting the growth rate of P. dongsun mycelium. The resultant mycelium was observed to be dense, robust, and fluffy in texture. In particular, ZnSO4 markedly accelerated the mycelium growth rate. Furthermore, xanthan gum was found to effectively modulate the medium’s viscosity, ensuring a stable suspension and facilitating nutrient equilibrium. The optimal cultivation temperature was determined to be 25°C, with mycelial growth ceasing below 5°C and mycelium perishing at temperatures exceeding 35°C. The optimal medium composition was established as follows: wheat starch 5 g/l, carrot powder 5 g/l, soybean powder 7.50 g/l, glucose 10 g/l, ZnSO4 0.71 g/l, NH4Cl 0.68 g/l, xanthan gum 0.5 g/l, and agar 20 g/l. Under these optimized conditions, the mycelium of P. dongsun exhibited a rapid growth rate (1.04 ± 0.14 mm/day), characterized by a thick, dense, and well-developed structure. This investigation provides a theoretical foundation for the conservation, strain selection, and breeding of P. dongsun.

Autotrophic denitrification technology has the advantages of no additional carbon source, low sludge yield and low cost. It is one of the promising technologies for deep denitrification of low C/N wastewater under the dual-carbon background. The selection of inorganic electron donor is the key to its wide practical application. According to the principle of denitrification, sulfur autotrophic denitrification is easy to produce acid and sulfate, iron denitrification consumes acid and accumulates nitrite, whereas sulfur-iron coupling autotrophic denitrification can combine the characteristics of both to maintain stable reaction pH and reduce secondary pollution. In this paper, the principle and characteristics of autotrophic denitrification based on sulfur, iron and sulfur-iron as electron donors were analyzed, and the dominant bacteria under different electron donors were introduced. It was hoped to provide reference for improving nitrogen removal efficiency and reducing secondary pollution by sulfur based, iron based and sulfur-iron coupled autotrophic denitrification technologies.

In this article, we mainly prove low regularity conservation laws for the Fokas-Lenells equation in Besov spaces with small initial data both on the line and on the circle. We develop a new technique in Fourier analysis and complex analysis to obtain the a priori estimates. It is based on the perturbation determinant associated with the Lax pair introduced by Killip, Vişan, and Zhang for completely integrable dispersive partial differential equations. Additionally, we also utilize the perturbation determinant to derive the global a priori estimates for the Schwartz solutions to the Camassa-Holm (CH) equation in H1{H}^{1}. Even though the energy conservation law of the CH equation is a fact known to all, the perturbation determinant method indicates that we cannot get any conserved quantities for the CH equation in Hk{H}^{k} except k=1k=1.

Size uniformity is a key challenge in the preparation of hydrothermal carbon spheres and a prerequisite for size effect research and many applications of carbon spheres. To solve the scientific problem of low uniformity due to the slow carbonization in traditional preparation of glucose carbon spheres, we propose to add acid/base catalysts to accelerate nucleation, shorten the nucleation time, and improve the size uniformity of carbon spheres. The carbon spheres prepared under base conditions versus acid conditions have higher uniformity and smaller particle size (particle size = 503 nm). This result is due to the faster accumulation of aromatic clusters, shorter nucleation time, and larger number of carbon spheres in alkaline systems. The NaOH-HCSs-based solid acid catalyst as-prepared exhibits excellent catalytic activity, and the esterification rates of levulinic acid and n-butanol maximize to 96.36%.

The objective of the study is to determine the electricity use, and tourism industry environmental impacts, and increase in CO2 emissions in Pakistan. What are the linkages of foreign direct investment, intercountryal trade, gross domestict product, and CO2 emissions. The study has applied the Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method to analysis the data set from 1985 to 2023. The robustness test is applied using Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS), and Fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS). The results reveal that the increase in the electricity use, and tourism industry has significant negative impacts on CO2 emissions in both short- and long-run. The increase in intercountry trade effects the Domestic Product growth (GDP) growth and causes to increase in use of fossil fuels, which are the major source of CO2 emissions. The increase in foreign direct investment (FDI) increase the GDP growth, and FDI also increase the CO2 emissions in Pakistan. The results suggests that the incresae in the renewal energy consumption for the electricity production and transportation can help to decrease the CO2 emissions in Pakistan.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of mechanical processing on the physicochemical properties of oat β-glucan and its in vitro fermentation. Methods: Oat coarse grains, oat flakes, and oat flour were respectively produced through mechanical progressing methods such as steel cutting, table pressing, and grinding. Then, scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the microstructure, the content, dissolution rate and relative molecular weight of oat β-glucan were determined, and the colon environment was simulated in vitro for fermentation. Results: The total β-glucan content and dissolution rate of steel-cutting oat were higher than those of untreated sample. The total β-glucan content of oat flake and oat flour were lower than untreated oat, but the dissolution rate was higher than it. Untreated oat showed a lower fermentation rate, with a significantly lower acid and gas production rate than those of steel-cutting oat, oat flake, and oat flour. The total short chain fatty acid content of untreated oat produced by fermentation was the lowest, but the content of propionic acid and butyric acid was significantly higher than the other three groups. Conclusion: Mechanical progressing can affect the in vitro fermentation characteristics of oats by altering the integrity of their cell wall structure, as well as the content and dissolution rate of β-glucan. Moderate processing can contribute to the health benefits of oats.

Novel degradable polyglycolide-based polyurethanes (PGAUs) were synthesized using polyglycolic diol (PGA diol) as soft segment, 1,6-n-hexane diisocyanate (HDI) as hard segment, and 1,4-butanediol (BDO) as chain extender agent. PGA diol (M n = 10,000 g·mol−1) was obtained by ring-opening polymerization of glycolide in the presence of BDO using stannous octanoate (Sn(Oct)2) as a catalyst. The structures of PGA diol and PGAUs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). The PGA diol and PGAUs were further studied by the means of differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, tensile testing, scanning electron microscope, and hydrolytic degradation behavior testing. FTIR and 1H NMR analyses indicated that the PGAUs were easily prepared by chain-extension reaction. The results showed that the PGAUs had improved thermal stability and enhanced mechanical properties with the hard segment increased. Degradation behavior suggested that the PGAUs could be degraded in phosphate-buffered saline solution.

The cold winter weather in northern China influences the dietary habits of its residents, contributing to a heightened risk of cardiovascular disorders, such as hypertension and coronary heart disease. Key factors include low vegetable consumption and high salt and fat intakes. This study aims to investigate the relationships between northern dietary nutrient intake in northern China and cardiovascular disorders during the winter season.

Hypertension (HT) can induce aortic dissection (AD) by increasing the tension of the aortic wall and promoting tissue degradation, and continuous HT may increase the risk of aortic-related death. It is a significant factor in poor prognosis for AD and the most important controllable factor. Research has shown that blood pressure management after AD can reduce the incidence rate and mortality of AD, so controlling HT is an important goal and means of AD treatment. This article reviews the research progress on the impact of AD on blood pressure, the significance and methods of blood pressure management after AD, with the hope of providing reference for the treatment of AD patients and benefiting them.

Objective The Litang-Yidun fault is a left-lateral strike-slip active fault zone extending approximately 130 km in the Sichuan-Yunnan rhombic block in the Holocene. As a significant seismogenic structure controlling seismic activity in the Litang area of western Sichuan, research on both paleoseismicity and surface ruptures primarily focuses on the Litang and Damaoyaba sections, with relatively limited study on the Cuopuhu section in the northern part. Detailed investigation of the Cuopuhu section can provide fundamental information on its activity characteristics, paleoseismic events, and slip rates. Methods The Cuopuhu section of the Litang-Yidun fault was investigated using field surveys, high-precision mapping, trenching, and 14C dating methods to explore its slip rate and paleoseismic events. Two trench sites were excavated at the foothills of Dongou Mountain to identify the relationships between faulting and strata, sedimentary characteristics, and fault motion. Conclusion Four paleoseismic events were identified: Event Ⅰ occurred before BC 3382±60 a; Event Ⅱ occurred between BC 3382±60 a and BC 1094±51 a; Events Ⅲ and Ⅳ occurred after AD 1330±44 a. The recurrence intervals of the four earthquakes are approximately 0.4±0.3 ka, 2.42±0.1 ka, and 2.40±0.1 ka, respectively. Based on the calculated intervals, Events Ⅰ and Ⅱ, and Events Ⅱ and Ⅲ, Ⅳ, have recurrence intervals of about 2.4 ka. Events Ⅲ and Ⅳ occurred after AD 1330±44 a, making it difficult to determine their sequence and exact timing. It can be inferred that the Cuopuhu section of the Litang-Yidun fault likely has a recurrence interval of about 2.4 ka for paleoseismic events, with a possibility of seismic events with recurrence intervals of 0.4±0.3 ka. By comparing the research data between the Cuopuhu section and the Litang and Damaoyaba segments, differences in paleoseismic events between the Cuopuhu section and the other sections are evident. However, the seismic activity of different fault sections has shown a sustained strengthening trend since the Holocene. Based on mapped fault scarps and moraine ridges from the last glacial period, the average slip rate of the Cuopuhu section since the Late Pleistocene is estimated to be 4.15±0.5 mm/a, similar to the slip rates of different branches of the Litang-Yidun fault in the late Quaternary period. Significance This study provides information on the tectonic features, paleoseismicity, and slip rates of the Litang-Yidun fault, aiding in a better understanding of the seismic history and structural deformation patterns in the area and giving more data for medium- and long-term earthquake prediction in the future. It also contributes to the seismic risk assessment of relevant projects along the Sichuan-Tibet Railway.

To address the issues currently faced by themicro-arc oxidation(MAO) system in practical applications, such as difficulties in processing large-sized workpiece surfaces and challenges in the precise control of MAO on local areas of the workpieces, a mobile MAO system was designed by using a mechanical arm. The ceramic coating was successfully prepared by MAO treatment on the surface of 1060 aluminum alloy. The microstructure, composition, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the coating were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), friction and wear experiments and electrochemical corrosion experiments. Results showed that ceramic coatings on the surface of aluminum alloys could be effectively generated using mobile MAO technology based on mechanical arm assistance, and the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of aluminum alloys were effectively improved. This study provided an important theoretical and experimental basis for the preparation of high-performance ceramic coatings on aluminum alloy surfaces using mobile MAO technology based on mechanical arms.

The epicardium is integral to cardiac development and facilitates endogenous heart regeneration and repair. While miR-194-3p is associated with cellular migration and invasion, its impact on epicardial cells remains uncharted. In this work we use gain-of-function and loss-of-function methodologies to investigate the function of miR-194-3p in cardiac development. We culture embryonic epicardial cells in vitro and subject them to transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) treatment to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and monitor miR-194-3p expression. In addition, the effects of miR-194-3p mimics and inhibitors on epicardial cell development and changes in EMT are investigated. To validate the binding targets of miR-194-3p and its ability to recover the target gene-phenotype, we produce a mutant vector p120-catenin-3′UTR-MUT. In epicardial cells, TGF-β-induced EMT results in a notable overexpression of miR-194-3p. The administration of miR-194-3p mimics promotes EMT, which is correlated with elevated levels of mesenchymal markers. Conversely, miR-194-3p inhibitor attenuates EMT. Further investigations reveal a negative correlation between miR-194-3p and p120-catenin, which influences β-catenin level in the cell adhesion pathway. The suppression of EMT caused by the miR-194-3p inhibitor is balanced by silencing of p120-catenin. In conclusion, miR-194-3p directly targets p120-catenin and modulates its expression, which in turn alters β-catenin expression, critically influencing the EMT process in the embryonic epicardial cells via the cell adhesion mechanism.

90Sr(T1/2=28.9 a) is a highly toxic nuclide with high heat release and strong exothermic properties, and the content of 90Sr in radioactive waste must be accurately measured before disposal. The separation of 90Sr from radioactive waste is the key to accurate measurement. By changing the synthesis reaction path and optimizing the synthesis reaction parameters, this work solves the problems of hydrogenation hazard and purification difficulties in the synthesis reaction of di-tert-butyldicycloh-exyl-18-crown-6(DtBuCH18C6), and achieves the synthesis of high purity products. Using DtBuCH18C6 as the extraction agent, the solvent extraction method was used to study the effects of diluent type, extractant concentration, nitric acid concentration and organic to aqueous phase ratio on the strontium extraction performance, so as to determine the optimal extraction conditions for the selective separation of Sr2+, and establish an effective and rapid separation method for Sr2+, which laid a foundation for the future extraction of 90Sr from the high-level waste liquid.

BackgroundNurses' moral courage is a special type of altruistic behavior， which is considered to be a key factor to improve patient safety. Empathy level can positively predict altruistic behavior， and moral sensitivity exerts an obvious mediation role in the positive prediction. At present， there is no relevant research to explore the path role of moral sensitivity in the relationship between empathy and moral courage.ObjectiveTo verify the mediation role of moral sensitivity in the relationship between empathy and moral courage among nursing students， so as to provide references for increasing the moral courage among nursing students.MethodsFrom June 1 to June 30， 2022， a total of 602 nursing students were recruited via convenience sampling from a tertiary grade A hospital in Mianyang， and participants were assessed using Interpersonal Reactivity Index-Chinese （IRI-C）， Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire-Revised Chinese Version （MSQ-R-CV） and Nurses' Moral Courage Scale （NMCS）. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation among above scales. The Process macro plug-in for SPSS was used to test the mediation effect of moral sensitivity on the relationship between empathy and moral courage.ResultsA total of 602 valid questionnaires were collected， with an effective recovery rate of 96.78%. IRI-C score of nursing students was positively correlated with MSQ-R-CV score and NMCS score （r=0.269， 0.146， P

To investigate the electrocatalytic degradation effect of anthracene in coking wastewater, Ti/PbO2, Ti/PANI/PbO2 and Ti/PANI/PbO2-Ce electrodes were prepared by electrodeposition, and the electrodes were subjected to scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction characterization, electrochemical performance test, hydroxyl radical (·OH) production capacity test and accelerated lifetime test.The results showed that the Ti/PANI/PbO2-Ce electrode modified with polyaniline (PANI) and cerium (Ce) had better surface morphology and higher catalytic activity, and could produce more ·OH with an oxygen precipitation potential of 1.83 V and an accelerated lifetime of 720 min.The Ti/PANI/PbO2-Ce electrode was used for the degradation of anthracene in coking wastewater, and the effects of the main factors on the degradation effect were investigated, and the optimal degradation conditions for anthracene were obtained as voltage 14 V, plate spacing of 1.0 cm, electrolyte concentration of 0.35 mol/L, reaction time of 120 min, pH value of 10.The Ti/PANI/PbO2-Ce electrode showed good electrocatalytic performance.

As one of the most critical and failure-prone parts of the mechanical systems of industrial equipment, bearings are subjected to high loads for long periods of time. When they fail or wear irreversibly, they may cause accidents or even huge economic losses. Therefore, effective health monitoring and fault diagnosis are of great significance to ensure safe and stable operation of industrial equipment. In order to further promote the development of bearing health monitoring and fault diagnosis technology, the current existing models and methods are analyzed and summarized, and the existing technologies are divided and compared. Starting from the distribution of vibration signal data used, firstly, the relevant methods under uniform data distribution are sorted out, the classification, analysis and summary of the current research status are carried out mainly according to signal-based analysis and data-driven-based, and the shortcomings and defects of the fault detection methods in this case are outlined. Secondly, considering the problem of uneven data acquisition under actual working conditions, the detection methods for dealing with such cases are summarized, and different processing techniques for this problem in existing research are classified into data processing methods, feature extraction methods, and model improvement methods according to their different focuses, and the existing problems are analyzed and summarized. Finally, the challenges and future development directions of bearing fault detection in existing industrial equipment are summarized and prospected.

AIM: To evaluate the binocular visual function in high myopia patients after the implantation of implantable collamer lens(ICL)V4c.METHODS: A total of 35 cases(70 eyes)that received binocular ICL implantation at our hospital from May 2019 to May 2021 were enrolled in this prospective study. Binocular full-range visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, stereopsis, mesopic vision and glare sensitivity, and monocular wavefront and the quality of vision questionnaire were assessed before the surgery and at 1 mo postoperatively.RESULTS: At 1 mo postoperatively, 35 cases(100%)had binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity(UDVA)≤0.00(LogMAR), 16 cases(46%)had binocular UDVA≥preoperative corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA). Binocular UDVA and uncorrected intermediate visual acuity(UIVA,80 cm)were improved compared to preoperative CDVA and distance-corrected intermediate visual acuity(DCIVA,80 cm)(all P0.05). The binocular contrast sensitivity was significantly improved postoperatively(P=0.001), and the postoperative binocular mesopic vision, glare sensitivity(no glare/glare)and binocular stereopsis(5 m/40 cm)had no differences(all P>0.05). The postoperative total higher-order aberration, trefoil aberration, coma and spherical aberration were increased, besides the median of total coma in the right eye with a pupil diameter of 3.0 mm was decreased after surgery. The mean total score of quality of vision questionnaire was significantly increased from 54.87 preoperatively to 80.92 after implantation(P

In the wave of digitization, the introduction of digital and parallel intelligence technologies was crucial to responding to the imbalance in the allocation of medical resources and the need for optimization of hospital management. Parallel healthcare systems can fully leverage the value of data with the help of artificial intelligence methods and optimize the solution through the interaction between reality and virtuality. The system comprised the distributed and trustworthy database, medicine-oriented operating system, medicine-oriented scenario system, and medicine-oriented large models, which enhanced data empowerment through data collection and circulation, thus facilitating trans-dimensional optimization of hospital operations. To better demonstrate the value of data in hospital operations, a method to quantify the value of data was proposed based on parallel healthcare systems and demonstrated with the help of a numerical experiment. The experimental results showed that parallel healthcare systems can effectively improve the hospital's social benefit by 47.45%, economic benefit by 13.82%, and operational efficiency by 21.90%, providing a global vision for decision-makers.

With the rapid development of the next generation of artificial intelligence technologies, such as the internet of things, large language models, and multimodal interactions, the traditional processes of drug research and production processing had been facing the challenges of an intelligent transition in recent years. In this context, this paper used the theory of parallel intelligence as the research philosophy and proposed a virtual-real interactive parallel drug systems, utilizing the ACP approach and large language models. It incorporated the concept of three types of beings—digital humans, robots, and natural persons—into the systems, providing a detailed discussion on the theoretical underpinnings, construction techniques, and potential application scenarios of the systems. The parallel drug systems covered the entire process of the pharmaceutical industry. For the drug development phase, it considered processes such as drug discovery, laboratory research, and clinical trials. In the production processing phase, it encompassed pharmaceutical manufacturing operations and system analysis predictions. The medical healthcare subsystem included personalized medication consultation, augmented reality drug guidance, and privacy security. The whole systems open up a digitized "drug space", aiming to establish a new paradigm for the drug systems and propel the revolution of intelligent medication.

In order to explore the effects of enzyme activities from plant root exudates on rhizosphere soil enzyme activities and nutrients in karst areas, the activities of β-1,4-glucosidase (βG), β-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and acidic phosphatase (ACP) of fine root exudates and rhizosphere soils in four vegetation restoration stages, which are shrub-grassland, shrubland, shrub-arbor forest and arbor forest, were measured. And, their relationships with soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) contents were analyzed. The results were as follows: (1) The four enzyme activities of rhizosphere soils and root exudates were significantly higher in the late stage of vegetation restoration than that in the early stage of vegetation restoration. The enzyme activities C∶P to N∶P ratios of root exudates in arbor forest were significantly higher than those of other three stages, while the two parameters of rhizosphere soils were opposite. (2) Correlation analysis showed that the enzyme activities of root exudates were positively correlated with the corresponding soil enzyme activity. Compared with the enzyme activities of root exudates, the correlation between soil enzyme activity and related nutrients became significantly stronger. In addition, the enzyme activities of βG, NAG and LAP in rhizosphere soils and root exudates were positively correlated with soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) in rhizosphere soil, while the enzyme activities of ACP in rhizosphere soils and root exudates were positively correlated with available phosphorus (AP) in rhizosphere soil. The above results indicate that vegetation restoration has positive effects on increasing enzyme activities of root exudates and soils. The enzymes of root exudates are the indispensable supplements for soils, and play an important role in promoting carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient cycling. To sum up, it will be that the regulation of root exudates and its enzyme activities may provide a new perspective for vegetation restoration in karst ecosystem.

Exercise rehabilitation has been proven as a promising intervention for recovery of patients after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction. Based on the analysis of individual’s condition, early exercise rehabilitation plan should be designed systematically and logically to reduce the mortality due to acute myocardial infarction, prevent complications, promote the early rehabilitation and improve the exercise tolerance and quality of life of the patient. This paper summarized the status quo of exercise rehabilitation and its research status, potential problems and clinical practice in patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention, and provided reference for the establishment of exercise rehabilitation plan after percutaneous coronary intervention. (运动康复是急性心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术恢复行之有效的方法。早期运动康复应该基于个体的特殊状况, 有层次有逻辑设计并推进活动方案, 降低因急性心肌梗死而造成的死亡率, 规避其他症状并发, 压缩患者的治疗康复周期, 优化患者的运动耐量与生活水平。本研究针对运动康复疗法在国内外的发展、研究应用、存在的问题及其用于急性心肌梗死PCI术后的展望进行综述, 旨在为制定更完善的PCI术后运动康复方案提高可靠参考。)

With the sustained growth of renewable energy, the flexibility of the power system has emerged as a critical indicator, influenced by frequent peak regulation. However, a dilemma exists between maximizing flexibility and optimizing economy, and a multi-objective optimization can serve as means of coordinating conflicts. In this study, condensing cogeneration units equipped with a molten salt heat storage system is research object, an optimization model for day-ahead scheduling is established, with flexibility and economy as the primary optimization objectives. To account for various constraint condition such as unit ramp rate, unit output and thermoelectric coupling properties, an enhanced version of the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-Ⅱ (NSGA-Ⅱ) is proposed to efficiently solve the optimization problem of a molten salt heat storage system. Flexibility and economy are used to compare and analyze the non dominated solution set obtained from the Pareto front. At the same time, the heat storage and release characteristics of a molten salt heat storage system are analyzed. The findings reveal that a focus on flexibility necessitates great motten salt heat storage to manage insufficient heating during low-load operations. Conversely, an emphasis on economy leads to frequent adjustments in heat storage to maintain optimal unit performance.

The Loess Plateau is an important region for soil and water conservation and ecological construction in China. Exploring the spatio-temporal variations in soil conservation and water conservation services and their relationships in Loess Plateau under the background of land consolidation projects is of great significance for ecological protection and quality development in the Yellow River Basin. Taking Yan’an city as the research area, this paper used the InVEST model to quantitatively evaluated spatio-temporal variation characteristics and trade-off/synergy relationship of the soil conservation and water conservation services from 2010 to 2018. According to the implementation data, the relationship between the gully control and land consolidation (GCLC) project in various counties of Yan’an city and soil conservation and water conservation service was analyzed. The results showed that the total amount of soil conservation services in Yan’an City were 4.07 × 106 t and 3.75 × 106 t in 2010 and 2018 with a decrease of 7.76%, and with low spatial clustering characteristic. The total amount of water conservation services were 2.01 × 1010 mm and 2.03 × 1010 mm in 2010 and 2018 with a increase of 0.56%, and with high spatial clustering characteristic. There is a synergistic relationship between soil conservation and water conservation services in most area of Yan’an city. From 2010 to 2018, the effect of the GCLC projects on soil conservation and water conservation services in Yan’an city is not significant. The GCLC project can effectively alleviate the situation of sharp decline of cultivated land area and insufficient food production capacity.

Objective: To enhance the water solubility and stability of hydrophobic active substances. Methods: A nano-delivery system of rice protein hydrolysate （RPH）-xanthan gum （XG）-curcumin （Cur） was developed, wherein curcumin served as the delivery object, and the encapsulation efficiency, stability, antioxidant activity, and formation mechanism of the nanoparticles were determined and analyzed. Results: The encapsulation efficiency of RPH-XG-Cur nanoparticles reached 78.40%, with a particle size of 74.78 nm, PDI of 0.36, and Zeta potential of -27.93 mV. Remarkably, the incorporation of xanthan gum significantly improved the encapsulation performance as well as pH and ionic strength stability of the nanoparticles. Fourier infrared and fluorescence spectra analysis revealed that hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction, and hydrophobic interaction played crucial roles in nanoparticle formation. Conclusion: RPH-XG nanoparticles exhibit great potential as nanocarriers for delivering hydrophobic bioactive substances.

This research analyzed the structure of microbial groups in the sediment–water interface (SWI) and the relationship between the gene expression levels of two typical pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli and Enterococcus, and nutrient levels using modern biological techniques. The nutrient distribution at the SWI revealed significantly higher nutrient content in the sediment compared to the overlying water. According to Fick’s first law, the release flux indicated that PO43−-P in the upper reaches of the reservoir was deposited from the overlying water, while the release rate of NH4+-N, in addition to sedimentation, was significantly greater than that of PO43−P. The microbial community structure was primarily dominated by the genera Methyloparacoccus, Methylomonas, and Arenimonas. The abundances of E. coli and Enterococcus were higher in the surface sediment than in the overlying water. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated that E. coli had a significant positive correlation with total nitrogen (TN) (p < 0.05) and total phosphorus (TP) (p < 0.05), whereas Enterococcus had a very significant positive correlation with TN and TP (p < 0.01).

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) on elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and type Ⅱ respiratory failure. Methods A total of 96 elderly AECOPD patients with type 2 respiratory failure who received treatment at Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University from January to December 2022 were selected and divided into observation group ( n=49) and control group ( n=47) randomly. On the basis of conventional anti-inflammatory and antiasthmatic treatment, control group was treated with non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV), observation group was treated with HFNC. The level of pH value, arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) before and after treatment were compared between two groups. The treatment comfort was evaluated with questionnaires. After 28 days of follow-up, the incidence of complications such as aspiration, bloating, tracheal intubation rate and mortality rate were compared between two groups. Results After treatment, pH value and PaO2 increased, and PaCO2 decreased in both group (P＜0.05). However, there was no significant difference in pH, PaO2 and PaCO2 between two groups after treatment (P＞0.05). The score of comfort degree of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (3.57±0.71 vs 2.46±0.83, t=7.020，P＜0.01), and the complication rate was lower than that of the control group (10.20% vs 27.65%, χ2=4.798，P＜0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the tracheal intubation rate and mortality rate (P＞0.05). Conclusion NPPV and HFNC have similar therapeutic effect in elderly AECOPD patients with type 2 respiratory failure, but HFNC has fewer complications and higher degree of comfort.

Objective To improve the application effect of nursing consultation in special outpatient service, so as to further improve the patient revisits rate, appointment rate and satisfaction degree. Methods From March to August 2021, hospital had set up nursing consultation in special outpatient services. Indicators of patient revisits and appointment were monitored before and after the implementation of nursing consultation, and the basic information of patients one week before and after the implementation were retrospectively analyzed. Results After the implementation of nursing consultation, the number of patient revisits, appointments and satisfaction rate were 57. 07 %, 70. 57 % and 100 % respectively, which were significantly higher than those before the implementation of nursing consultation(P＜0. 01). The time of consultation and guidance was significantly shortened (P＜0. 01). After the implementation of nursing consultation, the number of patients who visited to various departments, with different age groups and different educational levels were increased. Conclusion Setting up nursing consultation in special outpatient service can improve the quality of nursing, increase the number of appointments and follow-up visits and helps to improve the disease awareness of patients with different ages and different educational levels. (目的 提高护理咨询在特需门诊服务中的应用效果, 从而进一步提高患者复诊量、预约量及满意度。方法 医院2021年3月—8月在特需门诊服务中设置护理咨询, 对实施护理咨询前后工作指标情况进行总结, 并对实施前后1周患者基本信息情况进行统计分析。结果 实施护理咨询后就诊量、预约量、满意度分别57. 07%、70. 57%和100. 00%, 与未增设护理咨询前相比提高(P＜0. 01), 咨询指导时间明显缩短(P＜0. 01), 就诊效率提升, 并且实施护理咨询后各科室、不同年龄段及不同文化程度人群就诊量均有增加。结论 在特需门诊服务中设置护理咨询, 能够改善门诊护理服务质量, 可提升预约量与复诊量, 对提升不同年龄段及不同文化程度患者对疾病的了解程度具有积极意义。)

During the production and operation of some bulk handling facilities, nuclear material deposits remaining after cleaning in and about process equipment, interconnecting piping, filters and adjacent work area or equipment, which is called holdup. In order to meet the requirements of nuclear material accounting management, the physical inventory of nuclear materials shall be carried out according to the specified frequency, and the amount of nuclear materials shall be the measured value. Quantitative measurement of holdup in equipment is one of the technical difficulties in nuclear material measurement for nuclear facilities. Holdup measurement is important for radiation protection, critical safety and nuclear material management. The valve is a key component to control the material transfer in the process of nuclear material production. The valve is welded to pipe, which is not conducive to sampling. In this paper, mass of uranium in the valve was measured by γ-ray spectroscopy. It is necessary to study absolute detection efficiencies of the detector for known source distribution. Firstly, the passive efficiency calibration was selected to simulate the absolute detection efficiencies. Analysis models consist of detector model and valve models, they were placed under the same observation system by the transforming coordinate method. Analysis models of detector and valves were built based on information of the detector and design drawing of the valves. Two point sources, 57Co and 137Cs, were used to verify the model. Under the combination of different crystal radius and length parameters, the absolute detection efficiencies for full-energy γ-rays peak were simulated. The crystal parameters of the LaBr3 detector were adjusted. The root mean square of the relative deviation between the simulation results and the experimental results was calculated. The crystal parameters with the smallest root mean square are the best parameters. The relative deviation between the experimental results and Monte Carlo simulation results for point sources is within 5%. The standard uranium sample was used to carry out experiments. The count rate of characteristic γ-ray was measured by the LaBr3 detector. The absolute detection efficiencies were simulated by the analysis model. The holdup was calculated according to the relationship between count rate of characteristic γ-ray and the mass of uranium. The results show that the relative deviation between the measured results and the reference values of uranium mass is within 15%. The feasibility of the method for measuring the uranium holdup in the valves is preliminarily confirmed by the experiments. The transforming coordinate, a simple and easy solution, by which the analysis model can be quickly and accurately built.

Background Oral traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), but the outcome measures of relevant clinical trials have not been standardized and regulated. Objective To screen the published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of oral TCM in the treatment of AECOPD, summarize the literature characteristics and outcome measures, so as to provide reference for the design of clinical trials and the selection of outcome measures for the treatment of AECOPD with TCM. Methods CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry were systematically searched by computer to obtain RCTs and clinical trial registration protocols for the treatment of AECOPD with oral TCM from January 2018 to October 2022. After independent screening of the literature and extraction of data by 2 researchers, qualitative analysis was used to describe the selection of outcome measures in the enrolled studies. Results A total of 578 studies were enrolled, including 574 RCTs with reported trial results and 4 clinical trial registration protocols. A total of 51 508 patients were involved in 574 RCTs. In the inclusion criteria, 88 studies limited the classification of disease, and 361 studies limited the TCM syndrome type, 6 studies reported the blinding method, and 6 studies mentioned the follow-up. A total of 4 030 outcome measures were covered and the number of outcome measures in a single article ranged from 1 to 24. According to the functional attributes, the outcome measures were classified into 8 measure domains: TCM symptoms/syndromes, symptoms/signs, physical and chemical tests, quality of life, long-term prognosis, economic evaluation, safety evaluation and others. The measure domain with the highest reporting rate was physical and chemical tests, and the top 5 outcome measure items reported in terms of frequency were: response rate (11.5%), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) (7.5%), TCM symptom/syndrome score (7.0%), FEV1/Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) (6.8%), FVC (4.6%). Four hundred and forty-five studies reported the composition of response rate, and the top 5 measures with reporting rate were symptoms (423), signs (281), TCM syndrome score (203), laboratory tests (89), and pulmonary function (71) . Conclusion The RCTs of oral TCM in the treatment of AECOPD involved a large number and a wide range of outcome measures. The included literature focused on the effects of oral TCM on the symptoms and signs, physical and chemical test indicators, quality of life, long-term prognosis, economic evaluation and safety outcomes of patients with AECOPD in varying degrees. However, the selection of outcome measures remains problematic in multiple ways: unclear prioritization of outcome measures; focusing on clinical endpoints with insufficient attention to clinical endpoints; insufficient attention to health economics indicators; different sources and judgment criterias of reference of response. In the future studies, researchers can design the rational outcome measures by refering to the published core outcome set (COS) to improve the quality of TCM clinical research.