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In order to explore the difference on the resistance physiology and yield and the mitigation effect of uniconazole (S3307) pretreatment under waterlogging stress, the pot experiment was conducted using Longxiaodou 4 (LXD 4) and Tianjin-hong (TJH). The anti-stress physiological indexes and yield were measured on 5th day after waterlogging stress and foliar spraying S3307 at seedling stage, and samples were taken every day. The results showed that leaf physiological indexes in waterlogging stress were changed during seedling stage, the content of H2O2, MDA, proline and soluble protein were significantly increased, as the same as the content of ABA, IAA, and SA, and the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT. Waterlogging treatment for five days resulted in a significant decrease in the output of LXD 4 in a single pot by 8.40% to 12.61%, and that of TJH decreased by 9.91% to 10.01%. S3307 had the effect of resisting waterlogging stress, and could effectively increase the content of proline and soluble protein in the leaf of adzuki bean, significantly reduced the content of H2O2 and MDA, significantly increased the activity of SOD and POD, the value of SOD/POD and SOD/CAT, significantly increased the ABA and SA content, and significantly inhibited the increase in IAA content. Foliar spraying S3307 significantly increased the output of LXD 4 by 2.85% to 6.18% under waterlogging treatment for four days, and significantly increased the yield of TJH by 2.85% to 3.95%, respectively. This study concluded that there were significant differences under physiological stress in reactive oxygen species accumulation, membrane lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activities and hormone levels among different varieties of adzuki bean under waterlogging stress. Spraying S3307 could effectively alleviate the effects of waterlogging stress on the physiology and yield in adzuki bean. The results provide a theoretical basis for further studying the physiological mechanism of adzuki bean resistance to waterlogging at the seedling stage and improving the yield of adzuki bean under waterlogging stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the establishment of peridynamic nonlocal porous media seepage model, several kernel functions reflecting the degree of nonlocal effect are introduced to improve the calculation accuracy, and the peridynamic permeability coefficients corresponding to different kernel functions are derived. In the two-dimensional seepage model, the Weibull-distributed permeability coefficient model and the fracture network seepage model are established to realize the heterogeneous seepage in porous media matrix and fracture, respectively, which make up for the shortage of classical peridynamic model that cannot well simulate the heterogeneous seepage in porous media such as rock and soil. Different kernel function models are tested in simulating one-dimensional seepage problems, and the influence of kernel functions on simulation results is analyzed. The results show that the improved model can well converge to the theoretical solution, and the polynomial kernel function has the highest convergence accuracy relative to other kernel functions. Then, the polynomial kernel function is introduced into the two-dimensional model, and the corresponding two-dimensional permeability coefficient is derived. The proposed heterogeneous seepage model is employed in the simulation of two-dimensional seepage in porous media with and without fracture, and the simulation results show that the proposed model can well simulate the heterogeneous seepage process in rock materials, proposing a wide application prospect in porous media seepage simulation.

In the face of rapid economic development and increasing human activity, the deterioration of groundwater quality has seriously affected the safety of the groundwater supply in eastern China. Identifying and assessing the impact of human activities is key to finding solutions to this problem. This study is an effort to scientifically and systematically identify and assess the influence of human activities on groundwater based on irregularities in hydrochemical properties and water contamination, which are considered to directly result from anthropogenic activity. The combination of the hydrochemical anomaly identification (HAI) and the contaminant identification (CI) was proposed to identify the influence of human activities on groundwater quality. And the degree of abnormality was quantified by the background threshold value. The principal component analysis (PCA) and land use map were used to verify the reliability of the identification result. The final result show that the strong influence areas mainly distributed in the south of the basin and the affected indicators contained the major elements and NO3−, NH4+, COD. Impacts from anthropogenic activities can be divided into two types: mine drainage that disrupts natural water–rock interaction processes, agricultural cultivation, and sewage emissions that contribute to nitrate pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective; To investigate the static and dynamic morphological changes of bladder and urethral after hysterectomy by ultrasound, and evaluate the anatomical changes. Methods: Grouping 136 cases of hysterectomy patients according to surgical mode and scope of removal, Group A:29 cases of laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy; Group B:41 cases of abdominal hysterectomy; Group C: 66 cases of abdominal radical hysterectomy. Control group: 50 cases of no pelvic or abdomen surgical operation experience. Apply abdominal and perineal ultrasound inspection to the groups, measuring parameters include UVJ-M, PUVA and bladder post-void residual volume. Results: There were significant changes in the anatomical structure of urinary tract like bladder and urethra in group C cases after surgery, UVJ-M, PUVA-r and PUVA-s had significant differences between group C and control group (P<0.01). There were changes in the anatomical structure of urinary tract like bladder and urethra in group B cases after surgery, but the degree of change is small compared with group C, UVJ-M had significant changes between group B and control group or group B and group C (P<0.01), PUVA-r, PUVA-s had no significant changes between group B and control group (P>0.05). There were no significant changes in the anatomical structure of urinary tract like bladder and urethra in group A cases after surgery, UVJ-M, PUVA-r and PUVA-s had no significant changes between group A and control group (P>0.05). Conclusions: ① Ultrasound can provide a real time observation for the morphological changes of bladder and urethral after hysterectomy and provide an objective evaluation for the anatomical changes. ② Abdominal radical hysterectomy brings the most significant morphological changes of bladder and urethral compared with the other 2 types of hysterectomy, and there are almost no changes by laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Screening of priority control pollutants is an effective technical means for environmental management and environmental quality protection. Quick and efficient identification of pollutants is useful when attempting to prevent and control groundwater pollution. In order to explore a screening system for a set of priority pollutants that can be applied to regions with weak basic information, a screening method of priority pollutants based on contamination assessment is put forward in this paper. Based on the data of groundwater detection and analysis, using the evaluation method for pollution index classification, and combined with the pollution degree frequency score superposition method. The screening method of priority control pollutants in groundwater based on contamination assessment was established. This method was applied to the screening of pollutants in groundwater in the city of Golmud in Qinghai Province, China. The results were verified by using the screening system based on risk assessment, and the differences in the two systems are discussed. The results show that three categories of 10 kinds of chemical parameters, including TDS, total hardness, chloride, sulfate, sodium, fluorine, total iron, pyrene, phenanthrene, and aluminum, were determined as priority control pollutants in the Golmud region. It was consistent with the results of the screening method based on the risk assessment, and the screening results were reliable. The method based on risk assessment is complex and requires additional basic information, but it has certain foresight and is suitable for regions with abundant basic data. The method based on contamination assessment is simple and convenient and requires less abundant basic data. However, it is easily affected by background values. It is more suitable for the screening of priority control pollutants in regions with weak pollution source information.

Groundwater contamination risk assessment is an important basis for the protection of groundwater resources and the prevention and control of groundwater pollution. Its evaluation system is usually composed of three elements, which is vulnerability, pollutant source load and groundwater value. The pollutant source load plays an important role in risk assessment. Because of the difference among methods for pollutant sources load quantification, there will inevitably be different demand for the basic information survey on pollutant sources, as well as unknown impact on the final assessment results. In order to explore the impact of quantitative methods for pollutant sources load on groundwater contamination risk assessment, a case study was conducted in the mesoscale region of alluvial fan in Hutuo River, China. The two representative methods of grading index and quantitative index assessment systems were applied to quantify the pollutant sources load, in combination with the same vulnerability and groundwater value. The results constructed from different risk assessment systems were compared. The results showed that there were great differences between the two methods of quantification for pollutant sources load, and the result of contamination risk assessment also revealed significant differences in the feature of risk valve and the spatial distribution of the risk levels. The results of contamination risk assessment were strongly influenced by the choice of quantification for pollutant sources load methods. The grading index method was suitable for large scale region with lower precision of basic information and was simple, and the results of assessment had relatively lower reliability. The quantitative index method was suitable for the mesoscale and micro-scale region with higher precision of basic information and was relatively complicated, and the results of assessment had relatively higher reliability. It was shown that the scale effect of evaluation region had an important influence on the choice of methods.

Terbium was selected as test material for its strong fluorescence effect, and sulfosalicylic acid was used as first ligand, polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol 2000 as co-ligand, the fluorescence property of complexes in the two systems of ethanol solution and aqueous solution was explored. It was obtained that the polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol 2000 are the excellent co-ligands. Further study showed that sufactant is good for fluorescence enhancement of the different complexes and especially sodium dodecyl sulfate is best while exploring the impact of acidity on the fluorescence intensity. Terbium-sulfosalicylic acid-polyvinyl alcohol complex was obtained under the conditions of 342 nm for excitation wavelength, and 545 nm for emission wavelength. Mixing the complex into the plastic film in proper proportion, the authors prepared the rare earth light conversion membrane which allowed ultraviolet portion of sunlight to convert to green light the crop photosythesis needed to effectively improve the photosynthetic efficiency.