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1. Carbon and nitrogen removal from glucose-glycine melanoidins solution as a model of distillery wastewater by catalytic wet air oxidation

Author

Le Phuong Thu, Besson Michèle, WEO Department, University of sciences and technologies of hanoi (USTH), Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), IRCELYON-C'Durable (CDURABLE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and usth, dritt

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, Environmental Engineering, Nitrogen, Polymers, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Glycine, chemistry.chemical_element, Industrial Waste, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Wastewater, 01 natural sciences, Waste Disposal, Fluid, Catalysis, Ruthenium, chemistry.chemical_compound, Environmental Chemistry, Organic chemistry, Ammonium, Wet oxidation, Leaching (agriculture), Waste Management and Disposal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Platinum, Air, Alcoholic Beverages, Oxides, [CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Pollution, 6. Clean water, Carbon, Solutions, Glucose, chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 0210 nano-technology, Oxidation-Reduction, Stoichiometry, Nuclear chemistry
Abstract

Sugarcane molasses distillery wastewater contains melanoidins, which are dark brown recalcitrant nitrogenous polymer compounds. Studies were carried out in batch mode to evaluate Pt and Ru supported catalysts in the Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation (CWAO) process of a synthetic melanoidins solution, prepared by stoichiometric reaction of glucose with glycine. The addition of a catalyst slightly improved TOC removal compared with the non-catalytic reaction, and especially promoted the conversion of ammonium produced from organically-bound nitrogen in melanoidins to molecular nitrogen and nitrate. The selectivity to N2 attained 89% in the presence of the Pt catalysts in the reaction conditions used (TOC=2200mgL(-1), TN=280mgL(-1), 0.5g catalyst loaded with 3% metal, 210°C, 70bar total air pressure). To avoid leaching of the active metal by organically-bound nitrogen, the reaction was very efficiently performed in a two-step reaction consisting in WAO to convert nitrogen into ammonium, before the introduction of a catalyst.

Published
2016
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2. Soil erosion, dissolved organic carbon and nutrient losses under different land use systems in a small catchment in northern Vietnam

Author

Hai Tran Sy, Thi Phuong Quynh Le, Pascal Jouquet, Dinh Rinh Pham, Quoc Anh Ngo, Séraphine Grellier, Thi Nguyet Minh Luu, Lc Gillard, Emma Rochelle Newall, Trinh Anh Duc, Christian Valentin, Jean-Louis Janeau, Duc Toan Tran, Didier Orange, Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), WEO Department, University of sciences and technologies of hanoi (USTH), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), A18-Institute of Chemistry, Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology, Ecologie des systèmes marins côtiers (Ecosym), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Soils and Fertilizers Research Institute (SFRI), Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VAAS), Veolia Environnement Recherche et Innovation, Veolia, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biomécanique et Mécanique des Chocs (LBMC UMR T9406), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UR 103 Camélia, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), French Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD), UMR BIOEMCO, project PAMPA, PHC Hoa Sen Lotus [23970QM], LOTUS [44/2012/HD-NDT], MOST, Vietnam, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES (UMR_7618 / UMR_D_242 / UMR_A_1392 / UM_113) ), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Science and Technology of Hanoi (USTH)

Subjects
FORET, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, SOL CULTIVE, 01 natural sciences, Agricultural land, Dissolved organic carbon, PERTE EN TERRE, Tropical catchments, DEGRADATION DU SOL, MATIERE ORGANIQUE DISSOUTE, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Water Science and Technology, 2. Zero hunger, Agroforestry, Aquatic ecosystem, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, No-till, Plant litter, CARBONE, PRATIQUE CULTURALE, BASSIN VERSANT, Erosion, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, PENTE, SIMULATION DE PLUIE, COUVERT VEGETAL, Soil Science, TRAVAIL DU SOL, No-till farming, ALTITUDE, AZOTE, ETUDE COMPARATIVE, Ecosystem, Soil carbon loss, 14. Life underwater, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Rain simulations, PHOSPHORE, Soil carbon, 15. Life on land, NUTRIMENT, JACHERE, Agronomy, MULCH, Acacia mangium, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, EROSION HYDRIQUE, Agronomy and Crop Science, ZONE DE MONTAGNE
Abstract

International audience; The export of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from agricultural soils can represent an important pathway of soil organic carbon loss. However, despite its importance in terrestrial and downstream aquatic ecosystems, most work has focused on temperate agrosystems with tropical and sub-tropical ecosystems being ignored. Here we present the results of a series of rain simulation experiments aimed at examining DOC export from sloping lands in North Vietnam. Three regularly used agricultural practices were tested and compared with Bare soils. We also compared the impact of leaf litter in two planted forest sites. We found high rates of DOC export (0.03-0.25 g C m(-2)) during a 40 min rain episode with the lowest rates observed in the Bare soils and the highest in the planted Forest without leaf litter. This is equivalent to a loss of between 0.001 and 0.008% of the total soil organic carbon in the upper 10 cm during a single, intense rain event. This work highlights the impact of different agricultural practices (Bare soil, hoeing, mulching and fallow) and land use (planted Forest with or without leaf litter) on the export of DOC from upland, tropical soils and further underlines the importance of studying DOC fluxes from agricultural land as it represents an important and highly mobile component of ecosystem carbon fluxes.

Published
2014
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3. Effects of tree encroachment and soil characteristics on the soil structure stability in an eroded rangeland of South Africa

Author

Podwojewski, Pascal, Mthimkhulu, S, Grellier, Seraphine, Titshall, L, Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), WEO Department, University of sciences and technologies of hanoi (USTH), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Science and Technology of Hanoi (USTH), and usth, dritt

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2014

4. A graphical method to study suspended sediment dynamics during flood events in the Wadi Sebdou, NW Algeria (1973-2004)

Author

Sylvain Ouillon, Abdelali Terfous, A. Megnounif, Laboratoire EOLE, Université Aboubekr Belkaid - University of Belkaïd Abou Bekr [Tlemcen], Laboratoire de Génie de la Conception (LGeco), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Echanges Côte-Large (ECOLA), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Institut de Mécanique des Fluides et des Solides (IMFS), École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), WEO Department, and University of sciences and technologies of hanoi (USTH)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Wadi, 0207 environmental engineering, Suspended sediment concentration, 02 engineering and technology, Rating curve, Structural basin, 01 natural sciences, Flood, medicine, Clockwise, 020701 environmental engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Hydrology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Flood myth, Hysteresis, Sediment, Seasonality, medicine.disease, 6. Clean water, 13. Climate action, Algeria, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Sedimentary rock, Semiarid watershed, Geology
Abstract

International audience; Small sub-basins are numerous in Mediterranean area and global sedimentary budgets cannot be obtained without a detailed understanding of the hydroclimatic processes that govern sediment fluxes in these small river systems. In this study, the shape of the relationship between sediment concentration (C) and water discharge (Q) during flood events of a 31-years period (1973-2004) was analyzed at the outlet of the Wadi Sebdou basin (256 km2) in northwest Algeria, using a new graphical analysis method based on features of hysteresis loops. Each flood was decomposed as successive stages - each of which being characterized by a sediment rating curve - and used to quantify the contribution of diverse sediment sources within the basin. Seven common classes of hydrological events (single valued and six hysteresis loops: clockwise, counter-clockwise, eight-shaped, single valued plus one loop, either clockwise or counter-clockwise, and single valued plus at least two loops) were explored. Sediment supply from locally derived sources (or "base load") was high and reached 77% of total sediment yield for the study period, and was attributed to weathering of bed material or gullies. The remainder portion was derived from hill-slopes, re-suspension of fresh fine deposits in the river bed, or bank collapse. The ratio of suspended sediment load derived from active sediment source varies considerably from one flood to another depending on many factors, such as seasonality and antecedent type of flood. The simpler floods were the most frequent ones but produced less sediment. The most frequent floods were clockwise or anticlockwise (52% of floods) but brought only 34% of the total sediment flux. The 18% of the most complex floods (single valued plus at least two loops) produced more than 53% of the sediments, mainly supplied by base load (84%). Intra-annual variability was very high. Over 31-years, the five biggest floods cumulated 64% of the total sediment flux and were of three classes, the most complex floods being dominant. The largest contribution occurred during one single 33-days long hydrological event with complex form which represented 26% of the total sediment flux. Apart from the five biggest flood events, the base load represented 53%. The biggest floods favour base load as compared to the smallest ones.

Published
2013
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5. Seasonal effect on trace metal elements behaviour in a reservoir of northern Thailand

Author

Warinya Thothong, Marie-Paule Bonnet, Arthorn Boonsaner, Séraphine Grellier, Christelle Lagane, Jl Janeau, Patrick Seyler, WEO Department, University of sciences and technologies of hanoi (USTH), Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), National Park, Wild Life and Plant Conservation Department (DNP), National Park Wild Life and Plant Conservation Department, Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Science and Technology of Hanoi (USTH), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)

Subjects
Pollution, Wet season, VARIATION SAISONNIERE, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, Fresh Water, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 01 natural sciences, MATIERE EN SOLUTION, ELEMENT EN TRACE, Water column, Water Supply, STRATIFICATION, Dry season, Water Pollution, Chemical, Trace metal, Dissolution, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, media_common, Hydrology, General Medicine, Thailand, Anoxic waters, 6. Clean water, PROFIL VERTICAL, 13. Climate action, Metals, PLUIE, Environmental chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, METAL LOURD, Environmental science, RESERVOIR, Hypolimnion, POLLUTION DES EAUX CONTINENTALES, MILIEU RURAL, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

Trace metal elements (TME) can be real threats for living organisms. However, few studies dealt with TME in reservoirs in rural areas where farming practises could induce negative effects. Mae Thang res- ervoir (northern Thailand) has been studied for 3 years to understand the seasonal behaviour of dissolved TME: Fe, Mn, Cd, Al, Pb, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, U and As and associated physicochemical parameters. In situ measure- ments of these parameters were done during the dry and the wet seasons as well as water samples along the water column for further analyses and TME determination by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP- MS). In the dry season, the water column was character- ized by a strong stratification and anoxic conditions in the hypolimnion. High rain and water input from the water- shed during the wet season induced mixing of the water. All TME, except Ni, Co and Cr were less concentrated in the wet season indicating a dilution effect by water input. There was thus no important dissolved pollution coming from the watershed. The anoxic conditions in the dry season enhanced the reduction of Fe and Mn and the desorption processes. Depth, and thus oxic-anoxic con- ditions were the main drivers of TME in the dry season, while in the wet season, dissolution processes from par- ent rocks of watershed were favoured. The average con- centrations of TME in the reservoir were in the limit of the international and Thai standards. Only localized val- ues in the bottom of the reservoir for Fe and Mn were higher than the limits.

Published
2013

6. Positive versus negative environmental impacts of tree encroachment in South Africa

Author

Séraphine Grellier, Simon Lorentz, Luc Abbadie, Pascal Podwojewski, David Ward, Sébastien Barot, Jean-Louis Janeau, Christian Valentin, WEO Department, University of sciences and technologies of hanoi (USTH), University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), University of Science and Technology of Hanoi (USTH), University of KwaZulu-Natal [Durban, Afrique du Sud] (UKZN), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, INVASION, Acacia, DIVERSITE SPECIFIQUE, SAVANE, QUALITE, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Grassland, AZOTE, COMPETITION INTERSPECIFIQUE, PROPRIETE PHYSICOCHIMIQUE, DYNAMIQUE DE VEGETATION, Magnesium ion, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation, 2. Zero hunger, Biomass (ecology), geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, BIOMASSE, biology, SOL, Ecology, Agroforestry, STRATE HERBACEE, PATURAGE, Acacia sieberiana, ARBUSTE, PLANTE FOURRAGERE, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Soil carbon, 15. Life on land, Herbaceous plant, biology.organism_classification, CARBONE, Agronomy, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, HERBACEE, ZONE DE MONTAGNE, Woody plant, IMPACT SUR L'ENVIRONNEMENT
Abstract

International audience; Woody plant encroachment in grasslands is a worldwide phenomenon. Despite many studies, the consequences of woody plant encroachment on sub-canopy vegetation and soil properties are still unclear. To better understand the impacts of trees on grassland properties we examined the following questions using a mountainous sub-tropical grassland of South Africa encroached by an indigenous tree, Acacia sieberiana as a case study: (1) Do trees increase sub-canopy herbaceous diversity, quality and biomass and soil nitrogen content? (2) Do large trees have a stronger effect than medium-sized trees on grass and soil properties? (3) Does the impact of trees change with the presence of livestock and position of trees in a catena? We studied grass and non-graminoid species diversity and biomass, grass quality and soil properties during the wet season of 2009. Nitrogen in grass leaves, soil cation exchange capacity and calcium and magnesium ion concentrations in the soil increased under tall Acacia versus open areas. Medium-sized Acacia decreased the gross energy content, digestibility and neutral detergent fibre of grasses but increased the species richness of non-graminoids. Tall and medium Acacia trees were associated with the presence of Senecio inaequidens, an indigenous species that is toxic to horses and cattle. The presence of livestock resulted in a decrease in herbaceous root biomass and an increase in soil carbon and leaf biomass of grass under Acacia. Tree position in the catena did not modify the impact of trees on the herbaceous layer and soil properties. For management of livestock we recommend retaining tall Acacia trees and partially removing medium-sized Acacia trees because the latter had negative effects on grass quality.

Published
2013
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7. Disentangling fine particles (PM 2.5 ) composition in Hanoi, Vietnam: Emission sources and oxidative potential.

Author

Dominutti PA, Mari X, Jaffrezo JL, Dinh VTN, Chifflet S, Guigue C, Guyomarc'h L, Vu CT, Darfeuil S, Ginot P, Elazzouzi R, Mhadhbi T, Voiron C, Martinot P, and Uzu G

Abstract

A comprehensive chemical characterization of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) was conducted at an urban site in one of the most densely populated cities of Vietnam, Hanoi. Chemical analysis of a series of 57 daily PM 2.5 samples obtained in 2019-2020 included the quantification of a detailed set of chemical tracers as well as the oxidative potential (OP), which estimates the ability of PM to catalyze reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in vivo as an initial step of health effects due to oxidative stress. The PM 2.5 concentrations ranged from 8.3 to 148 μg m -3 , with an annual average of 40.2 ± 26.3 μg m -3 (from September 2019 to December 2020). Our results obtained by applying the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) source-receptor apportionment model showed the contribution of nine PM 2.5 sources. The main anthropogenic sources contributing to the PM mass concentrations were heavy fuel oil (HFO) combustion (25.3 %), biomass burning (20 %), primary traffic (7.6 %) and long-range transport aerosols (10.6 %). The OP activities were evaluated for the first time in an urban site in Vietnam. The average OP v levels obtained in our study were 3.9 ± 2.4 and 4.5 ± 3.2 nmol min -1  m -3 for OP DTT and OP AA , respectively. We assessed the contribution to OP DTT and OP AA of each PM 2.5 source by applying multilinear regression models. It shows that the sources associated with human activities (HFO combustion, biomass burning and primary traffic) are the sources driving OP exposure, suggesting that they should be the first sources to be controlled in future mitigation strategies. This study gives for the first time an extensive and long-term chemical characterization of PM 2.5, providing also a link between emission sources, ambient concentrations and exposure to air pollution at an urban site in Hanoi, Vietnam., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Published
2024
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8. Corrigendum to "Assessing the bioavailability of black carbon-derived dissolved organic matter for marine heterotrophic prokaryotes" [Sci. Total Environ. 901 (2023) 165802].

Author

Martinot PL, Guigue C, Chifflet S, Cuny P, Barani A, Didry M, Dignan C, Guyomarc'h L, Pradel N, Pringault O, Van Wambeke F, Vu CT, Mari X, and Tedetti M

Abstract

Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Published
2023
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9. Assessing the bioavailability of black carbon-derived dissolved organic matter for marine heterotrophic prokaryotes.

Author

Martinot PL, Guigue C, Chifflet S, Cuny P, Barani A, Didry M, Dignan C, Guyomarc'h L, Pradel N, Pringault O, Van Wambeke F, Vu CT, Mari X, and Tedetti M

Subjects
Soot, Biological Availability, Carbon, Dissolved Organic Matter, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons analysis
Abstract

Here we investigated the bioavailability of black carbon (BC)-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) for a natural mixed community of marine heterotrophic prokaryotes. We ran an in vitro biodegradation experiment that took place over 3 months and exposed a community of organisms collected in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea (Bay of Marseille, France) to three different soluble fractions of BC prepared in the laboratory from various fossil fuel combustion particulates: standard diesel (D REF ), oxidized diesel (D REF-OX ), and natural samples of ship soot (D SHIP ). Over the course of the three months, we observed significant decreases in the concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC; from 9 to 21 %), dissolved BC (DBC; from 22 to 38 %) and dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (d-PAH; from 24 to 64 %) along with variability in the growth dynamics and activity of the heterotrophic prokaryotic community. The heterotrophic prokaryotic community exposed to D REF-OX treatment showed the highest values of respiration and production and the highest cell abundance, associated with the highest decrease in DOC (21 %) and d-PAH (64 %) concentrations. In the D REF and D SHIP treatments, prokaryotic activity was oriented towards anabolism. D REF treatment led to the highest decrease in DBC concentration (38 %). D SHIP treatment, which presented a substantially different d-PAH and dissolved metals content to the other two treatments, showed the lowest decreases in DOC, DBC and d-PAH concentrations, as well as the lowest prokaryotic activity and biomasses. Our results indicate that BC-derived DOM, including the most condensed fraction of this material, is partly bioavailable and therefore likely to be assimilated by marine prokaryotes. The origin of BC/soot deposited at the ocean surface turns out to be a key parameter that dictates the efficiency of biodegradation of its dissolved fraction by heterotrophic prokaryotes., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2023
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