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1. Suppression of Edge Localized Modes in ITER Baseline Scenario in EAST using Edge Localized Magnetic Perturbations

Author

Xie, P., Sun, Y., Jia, M., Loarte, A., Liu, Y. Q., Ye, C., Gu, S., Sheng, H., Liang, Y., Ma, Q., Yang, H., Paz-Soldan, C. A., Deng, G., Fu, S., Chen, G., He, K., Jia, T., Lu, D., Lv, B., Qian, J., Wang, H. H., Wang, S., Weisberg, D., Wu, X., Xu, W., Yan, X., Yu, Y., Zang, Q., Zeng, L., Zhang, T., Zhou, C., Zhou, Z., Wan, B., and Team, the EAST

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

We report the suppression of Type-I Edge Localized Modes (ELMs) in the EAST tokamak under ITER baseline conditions using $n = 4$ Resonant Magnetic Perturbations (RMPs), while maintaining energy confinement. Achieving RMP-ELM suppression requires a normalized plasma beta ($\beta_N$) exceeding 1.8 in a target plasma with $q_{95}\approx 3.1$ and tungsten divertors. Quasi-linear modeling shows high plasma beta enhances RMP-driven neoclassical toroidal viscosity torque, reducing field penetration thresholds. These findings demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of high $n$ RMPs for ELM suppression in ITER., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures

Published
2024

2. Multiregional transcriptomic profiling provides improved prognostic insight in localized non-small cell lung cancer

Author

Chenyang Li, Thinh T. Nguyen, Jian-Rong Li, Xingzhi Song, Junya Fujimoto, Latasha Little, Curtis Gumb, Chi-Wan B. Chow, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Andrew P. Futreal, Jianhua Zhang, Shawna M. Hubert, John V. Heymach, Jia Wu, Christopher I. Amos, Jianjun Zhang, and Chao Cheng

Subjects
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Lung Cancer remains the leading cause of cancer deaths in the USA and worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harbors high transcriptomic intratumor heterogeneity (RNA-ITH) that limits the reproducibility of expression-based prognostic models. In this study, we used multiregional RNA-seq data (880 tumor samples from 350 individuals) from both public (TRACERx) and internal (MDAMPLC) cohorts to investigate the effect of RNA-ITH on prognosis in localized NSCLC at the gene, signature, and tumor microenvironment levels. At the gene level, the maximal expression of hazardous genes (expression negatively associated with survival) but the minimal expression of protective genes (expression positively associated with survival) across different regions within a tumor were more prognostic than the average expression. Following that, we examined whether multiregional expression profiling can improve the performance of prognostic signatures. We investigated 11 gene signatures collected from previous publications and one signature developed in this study. For all of them, the prognostic prediction accuracy can be significantly improved by converting the regional expression of signature genes into sample-specific expression with a simple function—taking the maximal expression of hazardous genes and the minimal expression of protective genes. In the tumor microenvironment, we found a similar rule also seems applicable to immune ITH. We calculated the infiltration levels of major immune cell types in each region of a sample based on expression deconvolution. Prognostic analysis indicated that the region with the lowest infiltration level of protective or highest infiltration level of hazardous immune cells determined the prognosis of NSCLC patients. Our study highlighted the impact of RNA-ITH on the prognostication of NSCLC, which should be taken into consideration to optimize the design and application of expression-based prognostic biomarkers and models. Multiregional assays have the great potential to significantly improve their applications to prognostic stratification.

Published
2024
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3. STCF Conceptual Design Report: Volume 1 -- Physics & Detector

Author

Achasov, M., Ai, X. C., Aliberti, R., An, L. P., An, Q., Bai, X. Z., Bai, Y., Bakina, O., Barnyakov, A., Blinov, V., Bobrovnikov, V., Bodrov, D., Bogomyagkov, A., Bondar, A., Boyko, I., Bu, Z. H., Cai, F. M., Cai, H., Cao, J. J., Cao, Q. H., Cao, Z., Chang, Q., Chao, K. T., Chen, D. Y., Chen, H., Chen, H. X., Chen, J. F., Chen, K., Chen, L. L., Chen, P., Chen, S. L., Chen, S. M., Chen, S., Chen, S. P., Chen, W., Chen, X. F., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. Q., Cheng, H. Y., Cheng, J., Cheng, S., Dai, J. P., Dai, L. Y., Dai, X. C., Dedovich, D., Denig, A., Denisenko, I., Ding, D. Z., Dong, L. Y., Dong, W. H., Druzhinin, V., Du, D. S., Du, Y. J., Du, Z. G., Duan, L. M., Epifanov, D., Fan, Y. L., Fang, S. S., Fang, Z. J., Fedotovich, G., Feng, C. Q., Feng, X., Feng, Y. T., Fu, J. L., Gao, J., Ge, P. S., Geng, C. Q., Geng, L. S., Gilman, A., Gong, L., Gong, T., Gradl, W., Gu, J. L., Escalante, A. G., Gui, L. C., Guo, F. K., Guo, J. C., Guo, J., Guo, Y. P., Guo, Z. H., Guskov, A., Han, K. L., Han, L., Han, M., Hao, X. Q., He, J. B., He, S. Q., He, X. G., He, Y. L., He, Z. B., Heng, Z. X., Hou, B. L., Hou, T. J., Hou, Y. R., Hu, C. Y., Hu, H. M., Hu, K., Hu, R. J., Hu, X. H., Hu, Y. C., Hua, J., Huang, G. S., Huang, J. S., Huang, M., Huang, Q. Y., Huang, W. Q., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. J., Huang, Y. B., Huang, Y. S., Hüsken, N., Ivanov, V., Ji, Q. P., Jia, J. J., Jia, S., Jia, Z. K., Jiang, H. B., Jiang, J., Jiang, S. Z., Jiao, J. B., Jiao, Z., Jing, H. J., Kang, X. L., Kang, X. S., Ke, B. C., Kenzie, M., Khoukaz, A., Koop, I., Kravchenko, E., Kuzmin, A., Lei, Y., Levichev, E., Li, C. H., Li, C., Li, D. Y., Li, F., Li, G., Li, H. B., Li, H., Li, H. N., Li, H. J., Li, H. L., Li, J. M., Li, J., Li, L., Li, L. Y., Li, N., Li, P. R., Li, R. H., Li, S., Li, T., Li, W. J., Li, X. H., Li, X. Q., Li, Y., Li, Y. Y., Li, Z. J., Liang, H., Liang, J. H., Liao, G. R., Liao, L. Z., Liao, Y., Lin, C. X., Lin, X. S., Liu, B. J., Liu, C. W., Liu, D., Liu, F., Liu, G. M., Liu, H. B., Liu, J., Liu, J. J., Liu, J. B., Liu, K., Liu, K. Y., Liu, L., Liu, Q., Liu, S. B., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y. W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. L., Liu, Z. Q., Liu, Z. Y., Liu, Z. W., Logashenko, I., Long, Y., Lu, C. G., Lu, N., Lü, Q. F., Lu, Y., Lv, Z., Lukin, P., Luo, F. J., Luo, T., Luo, X. F., Lyu, H. J., Lyu, X. R., Ma, J. P., Ma, P., Ma, Y., Maas, F., Malde, S., Matvienko, D., Meng, Z. X., Mitchell, R., Dias, J. M., Nefediev, A., Nefedov, Y., Olsen, S. L., Ouyang, Q., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Pan, X., Pan, Y., Passemar, E., Pei, Y. P., Peng, H. P., Peng, L., Peng, X. Y., Peng, X. J., Peters, K., Pivovarov, S., Pyata, E., Qi, B. B., Qi, Y. Q., Qian, W. B., Qian, Y., Qiao, C. F., Qin, J. J., Qin, L. Q., Qin, X. S., Qiu, T. L., Rademacker, J., Redmer, C. F., Sang, H. Y., Saur, M., Shan, W., Shan, X. Y., Shang, L. L., Shao, M., Shekhtman, L., Shen, C. P., Shen, J. M., Shen, Z. T., Shi, H. C., Shi, X. D., Shwartz, B., Sokolov, A., Song, J. J., Song, W. M., Song, Y., Song, Y. X., Sukharev, A., Sun, J. F., Sun, L., Sun, X. M., Sun, Y. J., Sun, Z. P., Tang, J., Tang, S. S., Tang, Z. B., Tian, C. H., Tian, J. S., Tikhonov, Y., Todyshev, K., Uglov, T., Vorobyev, V., Wan, B. D., Wang, B. L., Wang, B., Wang, D. Y., Wang, G. Y., Wang, G. L., Wang, H. L., Wang, J., Wang, J. H., Wang, J. C., Wang, M. L., Wang, R., Wang, S. B., Wang, W., Wang, W. P., Wang, X. C., Wang, X. D., Wang, X. L., Wang, X. P., Wang, X. F., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. P., Wang, Y. Q., Wang, Y. L., Wang, Y. G., Wang, Z. Y., Wang, Z. L., Wang, Z. G., Wei, D. H., Wei, X. L., Wei, X. M., Wen, Q. G., Wen, X. J., Wilkinson, G., Wu, B., Wu, J. J., Wu, L., Wu, P. W., Wu, T. W., Wu, Y. S., Xia, L., Xiang, T., Xiao, C. W., Xiao, D., Xiao, M., Xie, Y. H., Xing, Y., Xing, Z. Z., Xiong, X. N., Xu, F. R., Xu, J., Xu, L. L., Xu, Q. N., Xu, X. C., Xu, X. P., Xu, Y. C., Xu, Y. P., Xu, Y., Xu, Z. Z., Xuan, D. W., Xue, F. F., Yan, L., Yan, M. J., Yan, W. B., Yan, W. C., Yan, X. S., Yang, B. F., Yang, C., Yang, H. J., Yang, H. R., Yang, H. T., Yang, J. F., Yang, S. L., Yang, Y. D., Yang, Y. H., Yang, Y. S., Yang, Y. L., Yang, Z. Y., Yao, D. L., Yin, H., Yin, X. H., Yokozaki, N., You, S. Y., You, Z. Y., Yu, C. X., Yu, F. S., Yu, G. L., Yu, H. L., Yu, J. S., Yu, J. Q., Yuan, L., Yuan, X. B., Yue, Y. F., Zeng, M., Zeng, S., Zhang, A. L., Zhang, B. W., Zhang, G. Y., Zhang, G. Q., Zhang, H. J., Zhang, H. B., Zhang, J. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, L. M., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. L., Zhang, T., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. T., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Y. C., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Z. H., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, M. G., Zhao, Q., Zhao, R. G., Zhao, R. P., Zhao, Z. G., Zhao, Z. X., Zhemchugov, A., Zheng, B., Zheng, L., Zheng, Q. B., Zheng, R., Zheng, Y. H., Zhong, X. H., Zhou, H. J., Zhou, H. Q., Zhou, H., Zhou, S. H., Zhou, X., Zhou, X. K., Zhou, X. R., Zhou, Y. L., Zhou, Y., Zhou, Y. X., Zhou, Z. Y., Zhu, J. Y., Zhu, K., Zhu, R. D., Zhu, R. L., Zhu, S. H., Zhu, Y. C., Zhu, Z. A., Zhukova, V., Zhulanov, V., Zou, B. S., and Zuo, Y. B.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The Super $\tau$-Charm facility (STCF) is an electron-positron collider proposed by the Chinese particle physics community. It is designed to operate in a center-of-mass energy range from 2 to 7 GeV with a peak luminosity of $0.5\times 10^{35}{\rm cm}^{-2}{\rm s}^{-1}$ or higher. The STCF will produce a data sample about a factor of 100 larger than that by the present $\tau$-Charm factory -- the BEPCII, providing a unique platform for exploring the asymmetry of matter-antimatter (charge-parity violation), in-depth studies of the internal structure of hadrons and the nature of non-perturbative strong interactions, as well as searching for exotic hadrons and physics beyond the Standard Model. The STCF project in China is under development with an extensive R\&D program. This document presents the physics opportunities at the STCF, describes conceptual designs of the STCF detector system, and discusses future plans for detector R\&D and physics case studies.

Published
2023
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6. Influence of Micro-turbulence on Neoclassical Tearing Mode Onset

Author

Shi, Tonghui, Wei, L., Wang, H. H., Li, E., Shen, B., Qian, J. P., Wang, Y. M., Zhang, T., Zhao, H. L., Zeng, L., Zhang, Y., Liu, H. Q., Ma, Q., Chen, D. L., Luo, Z. P., Li, Y. Y., Shen, Z. C., Xu, L. Q., Zhang, B., Li, M. H., Wang, Z. X., Ling, B. L., Gong, X. Z., Sun, Y., and Wan, B.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Direct evidence of micro-turbulence effect on the onset of neoclassical tearing mode (NTM) is reported for the first time in this letter. A puzzling positive correlation between critical width of seed island of NTM and normalized plasma pressure beta_p is first observed employing a novel method for clearly separating the processes of seed island and the onset of NTM in the EAST tokamak. Different from the methods developed before, the width of the seed island is well controlled by slowly ramping up the current in resonant magnetic perturbation coils. It is revealed that the positive correlation is mainly attributed to the enhancement of perpendicular transport by micro-turbulence, which overcomes the destabilizing effect of beta_p on the onset of NTM. Reduced magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) modeling well reproduced the two states of nonlinear bifurcations observed in this experiment by including the finite transport effect. This result provides a new route for understanding multi-scale interaction in plasma physics.

Published
2021

7. Bedaquiline, Delamanid, Linezolid, Clofazimine, and Capreomycin MIC Distributions for Drug Resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Shanghai, China

Author

Guo Y, Yang J, Wang W, Wu X, Wan B, Wang H, Sha W, and Yu F

Subjects
mycobacterium tuberculosis, mic distributions, bedaquiline, delamanid, linezolid, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Yinjuan Guo,1 Jinghui Yang,1 Weiping Wang,1 Xiaocui Wu,1 Baoshan Wan,1 Hongxiu Wang,1 Wei Sha,2 Fangyou Yu1 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Tuberculosis Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Wei Sha; Fangyou Yu, Email shfksw@126.com; wzjxyfy@163.comBackground: New antituberculosis drugs have recently been approved for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis TB (MDR-TB). We aimed to describe the distributions of bedaquiline, delamanid, linezolid, clofazimine, and capreomycin MIC values for M. tuberculosis.Methods: M. tuberculosis clinical isolates were originally isolated from 2020 to 2021 from 1452 different pulmonary tuberculosis patients of the Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital in China. The drug susceptibility testing was performed using the Sensititre custom plates (SHTBMY) (TREK Diagnostic Systems, Thermo Fisher Scientific In., USA) consisting of a 96-well microtitre plate containing 4 (bedaquiline, delamanid, clofazimine, capreomycin) antimicrobial agents. MICs were determined for linezolid using a microdilution method.Results: Based on the latest definitions, 156 (10.74%) were MDR-TB, 93 (6.40%) were pre-XDR-TB, and 27 (1.86%) were XDR-TB. The rate of BDQ resistance in cases of MDR-TB was 7.69%, while it was observed to be 10.75% in cases of pre-XDR-TB, and significantly higher at 37.04% in cases of XDR-TB. The lowest rate of drug resistance against M. tuberculosis was DLM (0.14%). For LZD, 11 (0.76%) clinical isolates were resistant, based on the CLSI breakpoint of 1μg/mL. The five strains with a MIC value of > 32 for LZD resistance were XDR-TB isolates. Among all MDR, pre-XDR, and XDR isolates tested, LZD’ MIC50 increased from 0.25 and 0.5 to 1μg/mL. The MIC90 value of LZD against XDR-TB isolates was 32μg/mL. For CFZ, six isolates with elevated MICs of ≥ 2μg/mL. CFZ’s MIC50 and MIC90 values in all isolates were 0.12μg/mL and 0.25μg/mL, respectively.Conclusion: The study findings indicate that BDQ, DLM, CFZ, and LZD may exhibited excellent in vitro activity against MDR-TB isolates. Detection of resistance to BDQ and LZD was alarming for XDR-TB isolates. It is necessary to perform universal drug sensitivity testing for M. tuberculosis, especially MDR-TB and XDR-TB patients.Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, MIC distributions, bedaquiline, delamanid, linezolid

Published
2023

10. Multiregional transcriptomic profiling provides improved prognostic insight in localized non-small cell lung cancer.

Author

Li, Chenyang, Nguyen, Thinh T., Li, Jian-Rong, Song, Xingzhi, Fujimoto, Junya, Little, Latasha, Gumb, Curtis, Chow, Chi-Wan B., Wistuba, Ignacio I., Futreal, Andrew P., Zhang, Jianhua, Hubert, Shawna M., Heymach, John V., Wu, Jia, Amos, Christopher I., Zhang, Jianjun, and Cheng, Chao

Subjects
GENE expression, NON-small-cell lung carcinoma, PROGNOSTIC models, PROGNOSIS, LUNG cancer
Abstract

Lung Cancer remains the leading cause of cancer deaths in the USA and worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harbors high transcriptomic intratumor heterogeneity (RNA-ITH) that limits the reproducibility of expression-based prognostic models. In this study, we used multiregional RNA-seq data (880 tumor samples from 350 individuals) from both public (TRACERx) and internal (MDAMPLC) cohorts to investigate the effect of RNA-ITH on prognosis in localized NSCLC at the gene, signature, and tumor microenvironment levels. At the gene level, the maximal expression of hazardous genes (expression negatively associated with survival) but the minimal expression of protective genes (expression positively associated with survival) across different regions within a tumor were more prognostic than the average expression. Following that, we examined whether multiregional expression profiling can improve the performance of prognostic signatures. We investigated 11 gene signatures collected from previous publications and one signature developed in this study. For all of them, the prognostic prediction accuracy can be significantly improved by converting the regional expression of signature genes into sample-specific expression with a simple function—taking the maximal expression of hazardous genes and the minimal expression of protective genes. In the tumor microenvironment, we found a similar rule also seems applicable to immune ITH. We calculated the infiltration levels of major immune cell types in each region of a sample based on expression deconvolution. Prognostic analysis indicated that the region with the lowest infiltration level of protective or highest infiltration level of hazardous immune cells determined the prognosis of NSCLC patients. Our study highlighted the impact of RNA-ITH on the prognostication of NSCLC, which should be taken into consideration to optimize the design and application of expression-based prognostic biomarkers and models. Multiregional assays have the great potential to significantly improve their applications to prognostic stratification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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12. Validation of fast-ion D-alpha spectrum measurements during EAST neutral-beam heated plasmas

Author

Huang, J, Heidbrink, WW, von Hellermann, MG, Stagner, L, Wu, CR, Hou, YM, Chang, JF, Ding, SY, Chen, YJ, Zhu, YB, Jin, Z, Xu, Z, Gao, W, Wang, JF, Lyu, B, Zang, Q, Zhong, GQ, Hu, L, and Wan, B

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Information and Computing Sciences, Applied Computing, Physical Sciences, EAST team, Chemical Sciences, Engineering, Applied Physics, Chemical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

To investigate the fast ion behavior, a fast ion D-alpha (FIDA) diagnostic system has been installed on EAST. Fast ion features can be inferred from the Doppler shifted spectrum of Balmer-alpha light from energetic hydrogenic atoms. This paper will focus on the validation of FIDA measurements performed using MHD-quiescent discharges in 2015 campaign. Two codes have been applied to calculate the Dα spectrum: one is a Monte Carlo code, Fortran 90 version FIDASIM, and the other is an analytical code, Simulation of Spectra (SOS). The predicted SOS fast-ion spectrum agrees well with the measurement; however, the level of fast-ion part from FIDASIM is lower. The discrepancy is possibly due to the difference between FIDASIM and SOS velocity distribution function. The details will be presented in the paper to primarily address comparisons of predicted and observed spectrum shapes/amplitudes.

Published
2016

13. Simulation of transition dynamics to high confinement in fusion plasmas

Author

Nielsen, A H., Xu, G. S., Madsen, J., Naulin, V., Rasmussen, J. Juul, and Wan, B. N.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

The transition dynamics from the low (L) to the high (H) confinement mode in magnetically confined plasmas is investigated using a first-principles four-field fluid model. Numerical results are in close agreement with measurements from the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak - EAST. Particularly, the slow transition with an intermediate dithering phase is well reproduced by the numerical solutions. Additionally, the model reproduces the experimentally determined L-H transition power threshold scaling that the ion power threshold increases with increasing particle density. The results hold promise for developing predictive models of the transition, essential for understanding and optimizing future fusion power reactors.

Published
2014

14. Sodium Propionate Enhances Nrf2-Mediated Protective Defense Against Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neonatal Mice

Author

Chen D, Gao Z, Wang Y, Wan B, Liu G, Chen J, Wu Y, Zhou Q, Jiang S, Yu R, and Pang Q

Subjects
sodium propionate, lipopolysaccharide, nrf2, angiogenesis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Dan Chen,1,* Zhi-qi Gao,1,* Ying-ying Wang,1 Bin-bin Wan,1 Gang Liu,1 Jun-liang Chen,1 Ya-xian Wu,1 Qin Zhou,2 Shan-yu Jiang,2 Ren-qiang Yu,2 Qing-feng Pang1 1Department of Physiopathology, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neonatology, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ren-qiang Yu 48 Huaishu Lane, Liangxi District, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86510-82709790Fax +86-510-82725094Email yurenqiang553@163.comQing-feng Pang 1800 Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +8651052430172Fax +86-510-85329042Email qfpang@jiangnan.edu.cnBackground: Alveolar arrest and the impaired angiogenesis caused by chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are two main factors in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially propionate, possess anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The present study was designed to examine the roles of sodium propionate (SP) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged BPD and its potential mechanisms.Methods: WT, Nrf2-/- mice and pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) were used in this study. LPS was performed to mimic BPD model both in vivo and vitro. Lung histopathology, inflammation and oxidative stress-related mRNA expressions in lungs involved in BPD pathogenesis were investigated. In addition, cell viability and angiogenesis were also tested.Results: The increased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) and decreased Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap-1) expressions were observed after SP treatment in the LPS-induced neonatal mouse model of BPD. In LPS-induced wild-type but not Nrf2-/- neonatal mice, SP reduced pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress and exhibited obvious pathological alterations of the alveoli. Moreover, in LPS-evoked HPMECs, SP accelerated Nrf2 nuclear translocation presented and exhibited cytoprotective and pro-angiogenesis effects. In addition, SP diminished the LPS-induced inflammatory response by blocking the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B pathway. Moreover, pretreatment with ML385, an Nrf2 specific inhibitor, offsets the beneficial effects of SP on inflammation, oxidative stress and angiogenesis in LPS-evoked HPMECs.Conclusion: SP protects against LPS-induced lung alveolar simplification and abnormal angiogenesis in neonatal mice and HPMECs in an Nrf2-dependent manner.Keywords: sodium propionate, lipopolysaccharide, Nrf2, angiogenesis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Published
2021

15. Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Mycobacterium abscessus Complex Clinical Isolates from a Chinese Tertiary Hospital

Author

Guo Y, Cao X, Yu J, Zhan Q, Yang J, Wu X, Wan B, Liu Y, and Yu F

Subjects
mycobacterium abscessus complex, resistance, erm(41), synergy, dual β-lactam therapy, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Yinjuan Guo,1,2 Xingwei Cao,3 Jingyi Yu,4 Qing Zhan,3 Jinghui Yang,1 Xiaocui Wu,1 Baoshan Wan,1 Yin Liu,1 Fangyou Yu1,2 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200082, People’s Republic of China; 2Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200082, People’s Republic of China; 3Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine, Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Fangyou Yu Email wzjxyfy@163.comIntroduction: Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABC) is a group of important infectious agents that are highly associated with drug resistance, and antibiotic treatment is usually ineffective. This study investigated the characteristics of antimicrobial susceptibility of MABC isolates and the synergy between certain β-lactam combinations against MABC infection.Methods: We collected 129 MABC isolates from patients with lower respiratory tract infections and categorized them into three subspecies. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 15 antimicrobials for the MABC isolates were determined using commercial Sensititre RAPMYCOI MIC plates and the broth microdilution method, as recommended in the CLSI (M24-A2). In addition, the MICs of imipenem, alone and with ceftazidime and/or avibactam, were assessed in vitro for all isolates. The erm(41) and rrl genes were also sequenced.Results: The MABC isolates exhibited > 80% resistance to 11 of the 15 antimicrobials. Regarding the remaining four antimicrobials, the isolates were least resistant to tigecycline (12.4%) and amikacin (3.9%), and only partially resistant to two cefoxitin (39.5%) and imipenem (40.3%). Compared with M. massiliense isolates, M. abscessus and M. bolletii isolates were more resistant to amikacin and imipenem, whereas M. abscessus was significantly less resistant to tigecycline relative to M. massiliense and M. bolletii isolates. The clarithromycin inducible resistance rate was 68.4% and 74.3% among M. bolletii and M. abscessus isolates. Furthermore, 88.7% of the M. abscessus isolates carried a T at position 28 of erm(41), which is associated with inducible clarithromycin resistance. In addition, compared to imipenem with avibactam only, the MIC50 and MIC90values of imipenem after adding ceftazidime plus avibactam were decreased fourfold.Conclusion: The antimicrobial resistance rates and the characteristics of the erm(41) gene associated with inducible clarithromycin resistance were different among the three MABC subspecies. There was also synergy between imipenem and 100μg/mL ceftazidime against MABC isolates.Keywords: Mycobacterium abscessus complex, resistance, erm(41), synergy, dual β-lactam therapy

Published
2020

17. Combined IL-2, agonistic CD3 and 4-1BB stimulation preserve clonotype hierarchy in propagated non-small cell lung cancer tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes

Author

Anirban Maitra, Alexandre Reuben, Chantale Bernatchez, Marie-Andree Forget, Donastas Sakellariou-Thompson, Tina Cascone, Annikka Weissferdt, Jianjun Zhang, Boris Sepesi, Ignacio Wistuba, Ara A Vaporciyan, Marcelo V Negrao, Lorenzo Federico, John V Heymach, Don L Gibbons, Cara L Haymaker, Junya Fujimoto, Jack A Roth, Parin Shah, Peixin Jiang, Roohussaba Khairullah, Yan Long, Shiaw-Yih Lin, Meredith L Frank, Chantal Alexia Neutzler, Chi-Wan B Chow, Kyle Gregory Mitchell, and Daniel J McGrail

Subjects
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Background Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) yielded clinical benefit in patients with checkpoint blockade immunotherapy-refractory non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) prompting a renewed interest in TIL-ACT. This preclinical study explores the feasibility of producing a NSCLC TIL product with sufficient numbers and enhanced attributes using an improved culture method.Methods TIL from resected NSCLC tumors were initially cultured using (1) the traditional method using interleukin (IL)-2 alone in 24-well plates (TIL 1.0) or (2) IL-2 in combination with agonistic antibodies against CD3 and 4-1BB (Urelumab) in a G-Rex flask (TIL 3.0). TIL subsequently underwent a rapid expansion protocol (REP) with anti-CD3. Before and after the REP, expanded TIL were phenotyped and the complementarity-determining region 3 β variable region of the T-cell receptor (TCR) was sequenced to assess the T-cell repertoire.Results TIL 3.0 robustly expanded NSCLC TIL while enriching for CD8+ TIL in a shorter manufacturing time when compared with the traditional TIL 1.0 method, achieving a higher success rate and producing 5.3-fold more TIL per successful expansion. The higher proliferative capacity and CD8 content of TIL 3.0 was also observed after the REP. Both steps of expansion did not terminally differentiate/exhaust the TIL but a lesser differentiated population was observed after the first step. TIL initially expanded with the 3.0 method exhibited higher breadth of clonotypes than TIL 1.0 corresponding to a higher repertoire homology with the original tumor, including a higher proportion of the top 10 most prevalent clones from the tumor. TIL 3.0 also retained a higher proportion of putative tumor-specific TCR when compared with TIL 1.0. Numerical expansion of TIL in a REP was found to perturb the clonal hierarchy and lessen the proportion of putative tumor-specific TIL from the TIL 3.0 process.Conclusions We report the feasibility of robustly expanding a T-cell repertoire recapitulating the clonal hierarchy of the T cells in the NSCLC tumor, including a large number of putative tumor-specific TIL clones, using the TIL 3.0 methodology. If scaled up and employed as a sole expansion platform, the robustness and speed of TIL 3.0 may facilitate the testing of TIL-ACT approaches in NSCLC.

Published
2022
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18. Compatibility of internal transport barrier with steady-state operation in the high bootstrap fraction regime on DIII-D

Author

Garofalo, AM, Gong, X, Grierson, BA, Ren, Q, Solomon, WM, Strait, EJ, Van Zeeland, MA, Holcomb, CT, Meneghini, O, Smith, SP, Staebler, GM, Wan, B, Bravenec, R, Budny, RV, Ding, S, Hanson, JM, Heidbrink, WW, Lao, LL, Li, G, Pan, C, Petty, CC, Qian, J, Paz-Soldan, C, and Xu, G

Subjects
steady state, ion transport barrier, wall stabilization, high beta, Fluids & Plasmas, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

Recent EAST/DIII-D joint experiments on the high poloidal beta tokamak regime in DIII-D have demonstrated fully noninductive operation with an internal transport barrier (ITB) at large minor radius, at normalized fusion performance increased by 30% relative to earlier work (Politzer et al 2005 Nucl. Fusion 45 417). The advancement was enabled by improved understanding of the 'relaxation oscillations', previously attributed to repetitive ITB collapses, and of the fast ion behavior in this regime. It was found that the 'relaxation oscillations' are coupled core-edge modes amenable to wall-stabilization, and that fast ion losses which previously dictated a large plasma-wall separation to avoid wall over-heating, can be reduced to classical levels with sufficient plasma density. By using optimized waveforms of the plasma-wall separation and plasma density, fully noninductive plasmas have been sustained for long durations with excellent energy confinement quality, bootstrap fraction ≥80%, βN ≤ 4, βP ≥ 3, and βT ≥ 2%. These results bolster the applicability of the high poloidal beta tokamak regime toward the realization of a steady-state fusion reactor.

Published
2015

19. Hybrid oncocytic/chromophobe renal tumors are molecularly distinct from oncocytoma and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma

Author

Ruiz-Cordero, Roberto, Rao, Priya, Li, Lerong, Qi, Yuan, Atherton, Daniel, Peng, Bo, Singh, Rajesh R., Kim, Tae-Beom, Kawakami, Fumi, Routbort, Mark J., Alouch, Nail, Chow, Chi-Wan B., Tang, Ximing, Lu, Wei, Brimo, Fadi, Matin, Surena F., Wood, Christopher G., Tannir, Nizar M., Wistuba, Ignacio I., Chen, Ken, Wang, Jing, Medeiros, L.Jeffrey, Karam, Jose A., Tamboli, Pheroze, and Sircar, Kanishka

Published
2019
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20. From Tethyan subduction to Arabia-Eurasia continental collision: Multiple geo-thermochronological signals from granitoids in NW Iran

Author

Zhang, Z, Zack, T, Kohn, B, Malusà, M, Wu, L, Rezaeian, M, Wang, N, Xiang, D, Guo, C, Esmaeili, R, Wan, B, Xiao, W, Zhang, Z., Zack, T., Kohn, B., Malusà, MG, Wu, L., Rezaeian, M., Wang, N., Xiang, D., Guo, C., Esmaeili, R., Wan, B., Xiao, W., Zhang, Z, Zack, T, Kohn, B, Malusà, M, Wu, L, Rezaeian, M, Wang, N, Xiang, D, Guo, C, Esmaeili, R, Wan, B, Xiao, W, Zhang, Z., Zack, T., Kohn, B., Malusà, MG, Wu, L., Rezaeian, M., Wang, N., Xiang, D., Guo, C., Esmaeili, R., Wan, B., and Xiao, W.

Abstract

NW Iran, situated between the Arabian and Eurasian plates, carries a record of both Paleo-Tethyan and Neo-Tethyan tectonic evolution. During the Wilson Cycle of Tethys Ocean opening and closing, several episodes of magmatism from Late Paleozoic to latest Cenozoic generated a massive volume of intrusive rocks. These intrusives, which record cooling histories from high-temperatures to final exhumation, are ideal for multiple geo-thermochronological studies. Our new zircon and apatite U-Pb results suggest three regional magmatic events in the Late Carboniferous, mid-Cretaceous and middle Eocene, which could be related to Paleo-Tethys subduction, Neo-Tethys subduction and Neo-Tethyan ridge subduction, respectively. New apatite fission track and (U-Th)/He data reveal post-magmatic cooling and differential exhumation related to subduction and collision. By integrating published regional thermochronological data from northeastern part of the Middle East, a broader tectono-thermal framework is outlined as follows: 1) Cretaceous cooling signals are most pronounced in the Alborz and Caucasus, and reflect back-arc extension during Neo-Tethyan subduction; 2) diachronous Neo-Tethyan evolution led to the Paleocene assemblage of Anatolia in the west, and subduction associated with a late Paleocene-Eocene magmatic flare-up in Iran. Subsequent westward escape of Anatolia and extensive surface uplift were driven by propagation of Arabia-Eurasia collision in the Miocene; 3) Continuous northward indentation of Arabia into Eurasia triggered late Miocene-Pliocene fast exhumation of the Zagros, Alborz and the Caucasus.

Published
2023

23. Conceptual design of a fast-ion D-alpha diagnostic on experimental advanced superconducting tokamak.

Author

Huang, J, Heidbrink, WW, Wan, B, von Hellermann, MG, Zhu, Y, Gao, W, Wu, C, Li, Y, Fu, J, Lyu, B, Yu, Y, Shi, Y, Ye, M, Hu, L, and Hu, C

Subjects
Applied Physics, Engineering, Physical Sciences, Chemical Sciences
Abstract

To investigate the fast ion behavior, a fast ion D-alpha (FIDA) diagnostic system has been planned and is presently under development on Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak. The greatest challenges for the design of a FIDA diagnostic are its extremely low intensity levels, which are usually significantly below the continuum radiation level and several orders of magnitude below the bulk-ion thermal charge-exchange feature. Moreover, an overlaying Motional Stark Effect (MSE) feature in exactly the same wavelength range can interfere. The simulation of spectra code is used here to guide the design and evaluate the diagnostic performance. The details for the parameters of design and hardware are presented.

Published
2014

24. C7 slope and its association with serum lipid levels and Modic changes in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy

Author

Lv B, Xu T, Wan B, Ding H, Yao X, Chen J, Ji P, Zhao Y, Luo Y, Zhou Z, Yang S, Jiang Q, Yuan J, and Yin G

Subjects
C7 slope, Modic change, neck pain, cervical myelopathy, cervical sagittal alignment., Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Bin Lv1,*, Tao Xu2,*, Bowen Wan2,*, Hua Ding,1 Xiang Yao,1 Jian Chen,2 Peng Ji,1 Yilei Zhao,1 Yongjun Luo,2 Zhimin Zhou,2 Shengquan Yang,3 Qinyi Jiang,1 Jishan Yuan,1 Guoyong Yin21Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212002, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Orthopedics, Yancheng No.1 People’s Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224000, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this work Background: Several studies have substituted the T1 slope (T1S) with the C7 slope (C7S) because the C7 endplate is clearer on radiographs. Further, abnormal serum lipid levels have been proven to be related with the development of disc degeneration. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between C7S, serum lipid levels, cervical parameters related to cervical sagittal balance and Modic changes (MCs) in patients with multisegment cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).Methods: Between January 2014 and January 2017, 75 patients with multisegment CSM were enrolled in our retrospective study. Gender, age, history of smoking status and alcohol consumption, and laboratory test data were recorded. The cervical sagittal balance parameters C7S, T1S, cervical lordosis (CL), neck tilt (NT), thoracic inlet angle (TIA), C2–C7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA), and T1S-CL were analyzed with Spearman correlation tests and multiple linear regression analysis. We diagnosed MCs through computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine. Patients were divided into four subgroups according to the presence or absence of MCs and their C7S values.Results: 75 patients were included in our study. Age, gender, C7S, and T1S were significantly different between the two groups. However, there was no statistical difference with regard to smoking status, alcohol consumption, lipoprotein(a), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, albumin, globulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, Ca,2+ CL, T1S, TIA, NT, and T1S−CL. The correlation between HDL-C, LDL-C, ALB, GLB, Ca,2+ C7S, T1S, MCs, NT, TIA, and C2–C7 SVA was statistically significant.Conclusion: Significant correlations were observed between MCs and TG (as well as other preoperative sagittal parameters), which may accelerate the development of degeneration of the cervical spine. Therefore, alcohol consumption, TG, and sagittal parameters, such as C7S, and T1S could be a promising candidate for the assessment of cervical sagittal balance and predicting neck pain.Keywords: C7 slope, Modic change, serum lipid, cervical myelopathy, neck pain, cervical sagittal alignment

Published
2019

25. Rare Variants in Known Susceptibility Loci and Their Contribution to Risk of Lung Cancer

Author

Liu, Yanhong, Lusk, Christine M., Cho, Michael H., Silverman, Edwin K., Qiao, Dandi, Zhang, Ruyang, Scheurer, Michael E., Kheradmand, Farrah, Wheeler, David A., Tsavachidis, Spiridon, Armstrong, Georgina, Zhu, Dakai, Wistuba, Ignacio I., Chow, Chi-Wan B., Behrens, Carmen, Pikielny, Claudio W., Neslund-Dudas, Christine, Pinney, Susan M., Anderson, Marshall, Kupert, Elena, Bailey-Wilson, Joan, Gaba, Colette, Mandal, Diptasri, You, Ming, de Andrade, Mariza, Yang, Ping, Field, John K., Liloglou, Triantafillos, Davies, Michael, Lissowska, Jolanta, Swiatkowska, Beata, Zaridze, David, Mukeriya, Anush, Janout, Vladimir, Holcatova, Ivana, Mates, Dana, Milosavljevic, Sasa, Scelo, Ghislaine, Brennan, Paul, McKay, James, Liu, Geoffrey, Hung, Rayjean J., Christiani, David C., Schwartz, Ann G., Amos, Christopher I., and Spitz, Margaret R.

Published
2018
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26. Progress of Divertor Heat and Particle Flux Control in EAST for Advanced Steady-State Operation in the Last 10 Years

Author

Wang, L., Xu, G. S., Hu, J. S., Li, K. D., Yuan, Q. P., Liu, J. B., Ding, F., Yu, Y. W., Luo, Z. P., Xu, J. C., Meng, L. Y., Wu, K., Zhang, B., Chen, M. W., Deng, G. Z., Liu, X. J., Yang, Z. S., Liu, X., Liu, S. C., Ding, R., Zuo, G. Z., Sun, Z., Wu, J. H., Cao, B., Zhang, Y., Duan, Y. M., Zhang, L., Qian, X. Y., Li, A., Chen, L., Jia, M. N., Si, H., Xia, T. Y., Sun, Y. W., Chen, Y. P., Li, Q., Luo, G. N., Yao, D. M., Xiao, B. J., Gong, X. Z., Zhang, X. D., Wan, B. N., Wang, H. Q., Guo, H. Y., Eldon, D., Garofalo, A. M., Liang, Y., Xu, S., Sang, C. F., Wang, D. Z., Dai, S. Y., Sun, J. Z., Ding, H. B., Maingi, R., Gan, K. F., Zou, X. L., and Du, H. L.

Published
2021
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27. STCF conceptual design report (Volume 1): Physics & detector

Author

Achasov, M., primary, Ai, X. C., additional, An, L. P., additional, Aliberti, R., additional, An, Q., additional, Bai, X. Z., additional, Bai, Y., additional, Bakina, O., additional, Barnyakov, A., additional, Blinov, V., additional, Bobrovnikov, V., additional, Bodrov, D., additional, Bogomyagkov, A., additional, Bondar, A., additional, Boyko, I., additional, Bu, Z. H., additional, Cai, F. M., additional, Cai, H., additional, Cao, J. J., additional, Cao, Q. H., additional, Cao, X., additional, Cao, Z., additional, Chang, Q., additional, Chao, K. T., additional, Chen, D. Y., additional, Chen, H., additional, Chen, H. X., additional, Chen, J. F., additional, Chen, K., additional, Chen, L. L., additional, Chen, P., additional, Chen, S. L., additional, Chen, S. M., additional, Chen, S., additional, Chen, S. P., additional, Chen, W., additional, Chen, X., additional, Chen, X. F., additional, Chen, X. R., additional, Chen, Y., additional, Chen, Y. Q., additional, Cheng, H. Y., additional, Cheng, J., additional, Cheng, S., additional, Cheng, T. G., additional, Dai, J. P., additional, Dai, L. Y., additional, Dai, X. C., additional, Dedovich, D., additional, Denig, A., additional, Denisenko, I., additional, Dias, J. M., additional, Ding, D. Z., additional, Dong, L. Y., additional, Dong, W. H., additional, Druzhinin, V., additional, Du, D. S., additional, Du, Y. J., additional, Du, Z. G., additional, Duan, L. M., additional, Epifanov, D., additional, Fan, Y. L., additional, Fang, S. S., additional, Fang, Z. J., additional, Fedotovich, G., additional, Feng, C. Q., additional, Feng, X., additional, Feng, Y. T., additional, Fu, J. L., additional, Gao, J., additional, Gao, Y. N., additional, Ge, P. S., additional, Geng, C. Q., additional, Geng, L. S., additional, Gilman, A., additional, Gong, L., additional, Gong, T., additional, Gou, B., additional, Gradl, W., additional, Gu, J. L., additional, Guevara, A., additional, Gui, L. C., additional, Guo, A. Q., additional, Guo, F. K., additional, Guo, J. C., additional, Guo, J., additional, Guo, Y. P., additional, Guo, Z. H., additional, Guskov, A., additional, Han, K. L., additional, Han, L., additional, Han, M., additional, Hao, X. Q., additional, He, J. B., additional, He, S. Q., additional, He, X. G., additional, He, Y. L., additional, He, Z. B., additional, Heng, Z. X., additional, Hou, B. L., additional, Hou, T. J., additional, Hou, Y. R., additional, Hu, C. Y., additional, Hu, H. M., additional, Hu, K., additional, Hu, R. J., additional, Hu, W. H., additional, Hu, X. H., additional, Hu, Y. C., additional, Hua, J., additional, Huang, G. S., additional, Huang, J. S., additional, Huang, M., additional, Huang, Q. Y., additional, Huang, W. Q., additional, Huang, X. T., additional, Huang, X. J., additional, Huang, Y. B., additional, Huang, Y. S., additional, Hüsken, N., additional, Ivanov, V., additional, Ji, Q. P., additional, Jia, J. J., additional, Jia, S., additional, Jia, Z. K., additional, Jiang, H. B., additional, Jiang, J., additional, Jiang, S. Z., additional, Jiao, J. B., additional, Jiao, Z., additional, Jing, H. J., additional, Kang, X. L., additional, Kang, X. S., additional, Ke, B. C., additional, Kenzie, M., additional, Khoukaz, A., additional, Koop, I., additional, Kravchenko, E., additional, Kuzmin, A., additional, Lei, Y., additional, Levichev, E., additional, Li, C. H., additional, Li, C., additional, Li, D. Y., additional, Li, F., additional, Li, G., additional, Li, H. B., additional, Li, H., additional, Li, H. N., additional, Li, H. J., additional, Li, H. L., additional, Li, J. M., additional, Li, J., additional, Li, L., additional, Li, L. Y., additional, Li, N., additional, Li, P. R., additional, Li, R. H., additional, Li, S., additional, Li, T., additional, Li, W. J., additional, Li, X., additional, Li, X. H., additional, Li, X. Q., additional, Li, Y., additional, Li, Y. Y., additional, Li, Z. J., additional, Liang, H., additional, Liang, J. H., additional, Liang, Y. T., additional, Liao, G. R., additional, Liao, L. Z., additional, Liao, Y., additional, Lin, C. X., additional, Lin, D. X., additional, Lin, X. S., additional, Liu, B. J., additional, Liu, C. W., additional, Liu, D., additional, Liu, F., additional, Liu, G. M., additional, Liu, H. B., additional, Liu, J., additional, Liu, J. J., additional, Liu, J. B., additional, Liu, K., additional, Liu, K. Y., additional, Liu, L., additional, Liu, Q., additional, Liu, S. B., additional, Liu, T., additional, Liu, X., additional, Liu, Y. W., additional, Liu, Y., additional, Liu, Y. L., additional, Liu, Z. Q., additional, Liu, Z. Y., additional, Liu, Z. W., additional, Logashenko, I., additional, Long, Y., additional, Lu, C. G., additional, Lu, J. X., additional, Lu, N., additional, Lü, Q. F., additional, Lu, Y., additional, Lu, Z., additional, Lukin, P., additional, Luo, F. J., additional, Luo, T., additional, Luo, X. F., additional, Lyu, H. J., additional, Lyu, X. R., additional, Ma, J. P., additional, Ma, P., additional, Ma, Y., additional, Ma, Y. M., additional, Maas, F., additional, Malde, S., additional, Matvienko, D., additional, Meng, Z. X., additional, Mitchell, R., additional, Nefediev, A., additional, Nefedov, Y., additional, Olsen, S. L., additional, Ouyang, Q., additional, Pakhlov, P., additional, Pakhlova, G., additional, Pan, X., additional, Pan, Y., additional, Passemar, E., additional, Pei, Y. P., additional, Peng, H. P., additional, Peng, L., additional, Peng, X. Y., additional, Peng, X. J., additional, Peters, K., additional, Pivovarov, S., additional, Pyata, E., additional, Qi, B. B., additional, Qi, Y. Q., additional, Qian, W. B., additional, Qian, Y., additional, Qiao, C. F., additional, Qin, J. J., additional, Qin, L. Q., additional, Qin, X. S., additional, Qiu, T. L., additional, Rademacker, J., additional, Redmer, C. F., additional, Sang, H. Y., additional, Saur, M., additional, Shan, W., additional, Shan, X. Y., additional, Shang, L. L., additional, Shao, M., additional, Shekhtman, L., additional, Shen, C. P., additional, Shen, J. M., additional, Shen, Z. T., additional, Shi, H. C., additional, Shi, X. D., additional, Shwartz, B., additional, Sokolov, A., additional, Song, J. J., additional, Song, W. M., additional, Song, Y., additional, Song, Y. X., additional, Sukharev, A., additional, Sun, J. F., additional, Sun, L., additional, Sun, X. M., additional, Sun, Y. J., additional, Sun, Z. P., additional, Tang, J., additional, Tang, S. S., additional, Tang, Z. B., additional, Tian, C. H., additional, Tian, J. S., additional, Tian, Y., additional, Tikhonov, Y., additional, Todyshev, K., additional, Uglov, T., additional, Vorobyev, V., additional, Wan, B. D., additional, Wang, B. L., additional, Wang, B., additional, Wang, D. Y., additional, Wang, G. Y., additional, Wang, G. L., additional, Wang, H. L., additional, Wang, J., additional, Wang, J. H., additional, Wang, J. C., additional, Wang, M. L., additional, Wang, R., additional, Wang, S. B., additional, Wang, W., additional, Wang, W. P., additional, Wang, X. C., additional, Wang, X. D., additional, Wang, X. L., additional, Wang, X. P., additional, Wang, X. F., additional, Wang, Y. D., additional, Wang, Y. P., additional, Wang, Y. Q., additional, Wang, Y. L., additional, Wang, Y. G., additional, Wang, Z. Y., additional, Wang, Z. L., additional, Wang, Z. G., additional, Wei, D. H., additional, Wei, X. L., additional, Wei, X. M., additional, Wen, Q. G., additional, Wen, X. J., additional, Wilkinson, G., additional, Wu, B., additional, Wu, J. J., additional, Wu, L., additional, Wu, P., additional, Wu, T. W., additional, Wu, Y. S., additional, Xia, L., additional, Xiang, T., additional, Xiao, C. W., additional, Xiao, D., additional, Xiao, M., additional, Xie, K. P., additional, Xie, Y. H., additional, Xing, Y., additional, Xing, Z. Z., additional, Xiong, X. N., additional, Xu, F. R., additional, Xu, J., additional, Xu, L. L., additional, Xu, Q. N., additional, Xu, X. C., additional, Xu, X. P., additional, Xu, Y. C., additional, Xu, Y. P., additional, Xu, Y., additional, Xu, Z. Z., additional, Xuan, D. W., additional, Xue, F. F., additional, Yan, L., additional, Yan, M. J., additional, Yan, W. B., additional, Yan, W. C., additional, Yan, X. S., additional, Yang, B. F., additional, Yang, C., additional, Yang, H. J., additional, Yang, H. R., additional, Yang, H. T., additional, Yang, J. F., additional, Yang, S. L., additional, Yang, Y. D., additional, Yang, Y. H., additional, Yang, Y. S., additional, Yang, Y. L., additional, Yang, Z. W., additional, Yang, Z. Y., additional, Yao, D. L., additional, Yin, H., additional, Yin, X. H., additional, Yokozaki, N., additional, You, S. Y., additional, You, Z. Y., additional, Yu, C. X., additional, Yu, F. S., additional, Yu, G. L., additional, Yu, H. L., additional, Yu, J. S., additional, Yu, J. Q., additional, Yuan, L., additional, Yuan, X. B., additional, Yuan, Z. Y., additional, Yue, Y. F., additional, Zeng, M., additional, Zeng, S., additional, Zhang, A. L., additional, Zhang, B. W., additional, Zhang, G. Y., additional, Zhang, G. Q., additional, Zhang, H. J., additional, Zhang, H. B., additional, Zhang, J. Y., additional, Zhang, J. L., additional, Zhang, J., additional, Zhang, L., additional, Zhang, L. M., additional, Zhang, Q. A., additional, Zhang, R., additional, Zhang, S. L., additional, Zhang, T., additional, Zhang, X., additional, Zhang, Y., additional, Zhang, Y. J., additional, Zhang, Y. X., additional, Zhang, Y. T., additional, Zhang, Y. F., additional, Zhang, Y. C., additional, Zhang, Y. M., additional, Zhang, Y. L., additional, Zhang, Z. H., additional, Zhang, Z. Y., additional, Zhao, H. Y., additional, Zhao, J., additional, Zhao, L., additional, Zhao, M. G., additional, Zhao, Q., additional, Zhao, R. G., additional, Zhao, R. P., additional, Zhao, Y. X., additional, Zhao, Z. G., additional, Zhao, Z. X., additional, Zhemchugov, A., additional, Zheng, B., additional, Zheng, L., additional, Zheng, Q. B., additional, Zheng, R., additional, Zheng, Y. H., additional, Zhong, X. H., additional, Zhou, H. J., additional, Zhou, H. Q., additional, Zhou, H., additional, Zhou, S. H., additional, Zhou, X., additional, Zhou, X. K., additional, Zhou, X. P., additional, Zhou, X. R., additional, Zhou, Y. L., additional, Zhou, Y., additional, Zhou, Y. X., additional, Zhou, Z. Y., additional, Zhu, J. Y., additional, Zhu, K., additional, Zhu, R. D., additional, Zhu, R. L., additional, Zhu, S. H., additional, Zhu, Y. C., additional, Zhu, Z. A., additional, Zhukova, V., additional, Zhulanov, V., additional, Zou, B. S., additional, and Zuo, Y. B., additional

Published
2023
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31. Near-infrared light-triggered theranostics for tumor-specific enhanced multimodal imaging and photothermal therapy

Author

Wu B, Wan B, Lu ST, Deng K, Li XQ, Wu BL, Li YS, Liao RF, Huang SW, and Xu HB

Subjects
light-triggered, near infrared light, tumor-specific, multimodal imaging, photothermal therapy, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Bo Wu,1,* Bing Wan,2,* Shu-Ting Lu,1 Kai Deng,3 Xiao-Qi Li,1 Bao-Lin Wu,1 Yu-Shuang Li,1 Ru-Fang Liao,1 Shi-Wen Huang,3 Hai-Bo Xu1,2 1Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 2Department of Radiology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 3Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: The major challenge in current clinic contrast agents (CAs) and chemotherapy is the poor tumor selectivity and response. Based on the self-quench property of IR820 at high concentrations, and different contrast effect ability of Gd-DOTA between inner and outer of liposome, we developed “bomb-like” light-triggered CAs (LTCAs) for enhanced CT/MRI/FI multimodal imaging, which can improve the signal-to-noise ratio of tumor tissue specifically. IR820, Iohexol and Gd-chelates were firstly encapsulated into the thermal-sensitive nanocarrier with a high concentration. This will result in protection and fluorescence quenching. Then, the release of CAs was triggered by near-infrared (NIR) light laser irradiation, which will lead to fluorescence and MRI activation and enable imaging of inflammation. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that LTCAs with 808 nm laser irradiation have shorter T1 relaxation time in MRI and stronger intensity in FI compared to those without irradiation. Additionally, due to the high photothermal conversion efficiency of IR820, the injection of LTCAs was demonstrated to completely inhibit C6 tumor growth in nude mice up to 17 days after NIR laser irradiation. The results indicate that the LTCAs can serve as a promising platform for NIR-activated multimodal imaging and photothermal therapy. Keywords: light triggered, near-infrared light, tumor-specific, multimodal imaging, photothermal therapy, contrast agents

Published
2017

36. EFFECTS OF MOISTURE ON SELF-LUMINOUS GFRPS

Author

Phelan, M. and Wan, B.

Abstract

This paper presents an experimental study on self-luminous GFRPs’ tensile and luminance properties under varying luminous powder concentrations and durations of water submersion. The experimental results indicate additional powder increased the material’s afterglow properties to an extent, decreased its tensile strength at high concentrations, and improved its elastic modulus. Moisture weakened GFRP’s tensile strength while the luminance properties remained virtually unaffected., Paper 71

Published
2023
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37. Simulations of neutral beam injection and ion cyclotron resonance heating synergy in high power EAST scenarios

Author

Yang, D, Liao, L, Li, Y, Zhong, G, Zhang, X, Zhang, W, Hao, B, Hu, L, Wan, B, Hu, Z, Zhang, Y, Gorini, G, Nocente, M, Tardocchi, M, Li, X, Xiao, C, Fan, T, Yang, D K, Liao, L Y, Li, Y H, Zhong, G Q, Zhang, X J, Hao, B L, Hu, L Q, Wan, B N, Hu, Z M, Zhang, Y M, Li, X Q, Xiao, C J, Fan, T S, Yang, D, Liao, L, Li, Y, Zhong, G, Zhang, X, Zhang, W, Hao, B, Hu, L, Wan, B, Hu, Z, Zhang, Y, Gorini, G, Nocente, M, Tardocchi, M, Li, X, Xiao, C, Fan, T, Yang, D K, Liao, L Y, Li, Y H, Zhong, G Q, Zhang, X J, Hao, B L, Hu, L Q, Wan, B N, Hu, Z M, Zhang, Y M, Li, X Q, Xiao, C J, and Fan, T S

Abstract

The EAST plasmas heated with deuterium neutral beam injection and ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) have been simulated by the TRANSP code. The analysis has been conducted using the full wave solver TORIC5, the radio frequency (RF)-kick operator, and NUBEAM to model the RF heating effects on fast ion velocity distribution. In this work, we present several simulated results compared with experiments for high power EAST scenarios, indicating that the interactions between ICRH and fast ions can significantly accelerate fast ions, which are confirmed by the increased neutron yield and broadened neutron emission spectrum measurements.

Published
2022

39. Nondeterministic multiobjective optimization of 3D printed ceramic tissue scaffolds.

Author

Entezari, A, Liu, N-C, Zhang, Z, Fang, J, Wu, C, Wan, B, Swain, M, Li, Q, Entezari, A, Liu, N-C, Zhang, Z, Fang, J, Wu, C, Wan, B, Swain, M, and Li, Q

Abstract

Despite significant advances in the design optimization of bone scaffolds for enhancing their biomechanical properties, the functionality of these synthetic constructs remains suboptimal. One of the main challenges in the structural optimization of bone scaffolds is associated with the large uncertainties caused by the manufacturing process, such as variations in scaffolds' geometric features and constitutive material properties after fabrication. Unfortunately, such non-deterministic issues have not been considered in the existing optimization frameworks, thereby limiting their reliability. To address this challenge, a novel multiobjective robust optimization approach is proposed here such that the effects of uncertainties on the optimized design can be minimized. This study first conducted computational analyses of a parameterized ceramic scaffold model to determine its effective modulus, structural strength, and permeability. Then, surrogate models were constructed to formulate explicit mathematical relationships between the geometrical parameters (design variables) and mechanical and fluidic properties. The Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) was adopted to generate the robust Pareto solutions for an optimal set of trade-offs between the competing objective functions while ensuring the effects of the noise parameters to be minimal. Note that the nondeterministic optimization of tissue scaffold presented here is the first of its kind in open literature, which is expected to shed some light on this significant topic of scaffold design and additive manufacturing in a more realistic way.

Published
2023

40. Topology optimisation for design and additive manufacturing of functionally graded lattice structures using derivative-aware machine learning algorithms

Author

Wu, C, Luo, J, Zhong, J, Xu, Y, Wan, B, Huang, W, Fang, J, Steven, GP, Sun, G, Li, Q, Wu, C, Luo, J, Zhong, J, Xu, Y, Wan, B, Huang, W, Fang, J, Steven, GP, Sun, G, and Li, Q

Abstract

Although additive manufacturing has offered substantially new opportunities and flexibility for fabricating 3D complex lattice structures, effective design of such sophisticated structures with desired multifunctional characteristics remains a demanding task. To tackle this challenge, we develop an inventive multiscale topology optimisation approach for additively manufactured lattices by leveraging a derivative-aware machine learning algorithm. Our objective is to optimise non-uniform unit cells for achieving an as uniform strain pattern as possible. The proposed approach exhibits great potential for biomedical applications, such as implantable devices mitigating strain and stress shielding. To validate the effectiveness of our framework, we present two illustrative examples through the dedicated digital image correlation (DIC) tests on the optimised samples fabricated using a powder bed fusion (PBF) technique. Furthermore, we demonstrate a practical application of our approach through developing bone tissue scaffolds composed of optimised non-uniform iso-truss lattices for two typical musculoskeletal reconstruction cases. These optimised lattice-based scaffolds present a more uniform strain field in complex anatomical and physiological condition, thereby creating a favourable biomechanical environment for maximising bone formation effectively. The proposed approach is anticipated to make a significant step forward in design for additively manufactured multiscale lattice structures with desirable mechanical characteristics for a broad range of applications.

Published
2023

41. Fluctuation-induced dynamo effect in a magnetic confinement plasma

Author

Mao, W. Z., primary, Ding, W. X., additional, Liu, H. Q., additional, Ti, A., additional, Brower, D. L., additional, Lian, H., additional, Chu, Y. Q., additional, Zeng, L., additional, Zhao, H. L., additional, Zhang, L., additional, Qian, J. P., additional, Zang, Q., additional, Gong, X. Z., additional, Hu, L. Q., additional, Xu, L. Q., additional, Zhou, C., additional, Lan, T., additional, Liu, A. D., additional, Xie, J. L., additional, Zhuang, G., additional, Song, Y. T., additional, Wan, B. N., additional, and Li, J. G., additional

Published
2023
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43. Stress Corrosion Cracking and the Effects of Citrus x aurantiifolia on Mild Steel - A Green Approach

Author

Ojo Sunday Isaac Fayomi, J. Akpoborie, Omotayo Sanni, J. Ren, Wan B. Wan Nik, J.A. Oyebanji, K.M. Oluwasegun, J.O. Ojediran, and F. Zulkifli

Subjects
Mechanics of Materials, Mechanical Engineering, General Materials Science
Abstract

The inhibition performance of citrus x aurantiifolia extract (CXA) on the corrosion of mild steel in 1.5 M H2SO4, 2 M H2SO4, 3 M H2SO4, and 4 M H2SO4 solutions was evaluated by weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization techniques, and scanning electron spectroscopy equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. CXA inhibited the mild steel corrosion in the sulphuric acid solutionswith optimal inhibition results of 96.06% in 1.5 M H2SO4 and 86.57% in 4 M H2SO4 from weight loss measurement. Weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, and scanning electron microscopy tests confirm the inhibitive performance of this compound and the increase in inhibitor efficiency increases with inhibitor concentration. The polarization data showed that the inhibitor acts as a mixed-type inhibitor, and fits the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The adsorption studies clarify the excellent adsorption of this compound on the mild steel surface. The inhibited steel in the acid solution displayed improved surface morphology due to the surface protection effect of CXA molecules. The citrus x aurantiifolia studied here easily mitigates the effect of stress corrosion cracking on mild steel in a sulphuric acid environment. Keywords: Mild steel, Stress corrosion, Adsorption, Corrosion inhibitor, Sulphuric acid, Citrus X Aurantiifolia

Published
2022
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48. Performance of newly developed ICRF antennas on EAST

Author

Zhang, X. J., primary, Qin, C. M., additional, Yuan, S., additional, Yang, H., additional, Zhu, G. H., additional, Zhang, W., additional, Liu, L. N., additional, Wang, Y. S., additional, Mao, Y. Z., additional, Wang, L., additional, Zhao, Y. P., additional, Gong, X. Z., additional, Cheng, Y., additional, Deng, X., additional, Zhang, K., additional, Ju, S. Q., additional, Lin, A., additional, Hu, L. Q., additional, Wan, B. N., additional, Song, Y. T., additional, and Li, J. G., additional

Published
2023
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