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In the present study, we showed evidence of an integration between two unconscious semantic representations. In experiment 1, two masked Chinese words of the same or different categories ("orange apple" or "grape hammer") were simultaneously presented in the prime, followed by two Chinese words also of same or different categories in the target. We examined possible prime/target visual feature priming, semantic category priming and motor response priming effects. Moreover, two ISI intervals (53, 163 ms) between the prime and the target words were used to examine the positive and negative priming. The results revealed a "negative" motor response priming and a "positive" semantic category priming effect independent of the ISI when the target words were of the same category. Experiment 2 eliminated an alternative interpretation of the effect based on different number of category words changed across the prime and the target. Experiment 3 eliminated a potential confound of unequal numbers of trials for motor congruent and incongruent conditions in Experiment 1. Overall, these results indicated an integration between the meanings of the two subliminally perceived words in the prime. The difference between simultaneous and sequential presentations, and the reason why positive priming was not observed when the interval between the prime and the target was short were discussed in the context of unconscious semantic integration.

Empathy, the ability to understand and respond to the experiences of others, is an important skill for maintaining good relationships throughout one's life. Previous research indicated that emotional empathy remained stable or even increased in older adults compared to younger adults, while cognitive empathy showed age-related deficits. Based on the selective engagement hypothesis, this deficit was not caused by a decline in cognitive functioning, but by a lack of willingness to judge the target person's emotions more precisely, that is, by a lack of interaction motivation. In order to provide more evidence on the causes of empathic aging in older adults, the current study investigated the influence of interaction motivation on empathy in older adults in an Eastern cultural context (China) based on the selective engagement hypothesis. This study used older adults and younger adults as subjects. Through two experiments, empathy was measured by the multiple empathy test (Experiment 1) and film tasks (Experiment 2); at the same time, use accountability instructions (Experiment 1), the age-related events (Experiment 2) to manipulate interaction motivation. The results showed that emotional empathy was significantly higher in older adults than in younger adults, regardless of whether interaction motivation was elicited. In terms of cognitive empathy, when there is no motivation, the cognitive empathy of older adults is significantly lower than that of younger adults. When the interaction motivation is stimulated, the cognitive empathy of older adults is no less than that of younger adults. This suggested that empathic aging in older adults was not a permanent decline in cognitive empathy, but rather a decline in interaction motivation, supporting the selective engagement hypothesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Based on the theory of developmental contextualism, the current study aims to identify the relationship between good teacher-student relationship and students' emotional intelligence, and the mediating roles of students' openness and emotional intelligence. Methods: In this study, a total of 352 adolescents (11– 15 years old) from two schools were surveyed using the teacher-student relationship scale, big five inventory openness subscale, and emotional intelligence scale. Results: Teacher-student relationship were positively correlated with students' openness, empathy, and emotional intelligence. Teacher-student relationship positively predicted students' emotional intelligence; students' openness and empathy played a fully mediating role in teacher-student relationship and emotional intelligence. Conclusion: The closeness and supportiveness of the teacher-student relationship were positively related to students' openness, empathy, and emotional intelligence were positively correlated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bottleneck challenge of laser‐cladded coating preparation of magnesium alloys is the low melting point of alloys. This greatly restricts the selection of coating material. In this article, the composition of Ni–Ti–Cu coating is designed by cluster line criterion, and the thermal properties of the coating are simulated by JMatPro software. Through the analysis of simulation results, the Ni51.6Ti34.4Cu14 coating is selected and successfully prepared on AZ91D magnesium alloy via laser cladding technology. Then the microstructure, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of the coating are studied in detail. The results of X‐Ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) demonstrated that there is a good metallurgical bond between the coating and the substrate, and the coating is mainly composed of Ni3Ti, TiNi0.8Cu0.2, and (Cu, Ni) solid solution phases. Also, there are no obvious pores and crack defects in the coating. Remarkably, AZ91D alloy showed significant improvement in corrosion resistance and wear resistance. Among them, the wear volume of the coating is decreased by 71.9% than that of AZ91D alloy. In particular, the corrosion current density of the coating is three orders of magnitude lower than that of AZ91D alloy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Since the 20th century, pursuing Universal Health Coverage (UHC) has emerged as an important developmental objective in numerous countries and across the global health community. With the intricate ramifications of population mobility (PM), the government faces a mounting imperative to judiciously deploy health expenditure to realise UHC effectively., Objective: This study aimed to construct a comprehensive UHC index for China, assess the spatial effects of Government Health Expenditure (GHE) on UHC, and explore the moderating effects of PM on this association., Method: A Dynamic Spatial Durbin Model (DSDM) was employed to investigate the influence of the GHE on UHC. Therefore, we tested the moderating effect of PM., Results: In the short-term, the GHE negatively impacted local UHC. However, it enhanced the UHC in neighbouring regions. Over the long term, GHE improved local UHC but decreased UHC in neighbouring regions. In the short-term, when the PM exceeded 1.42, the GHE increased the local UHC. Over the long term, when the PM exceeded 1.107, the GHE impeded local UHC. If the PM exceeded 0.91 in the long term, the GHE promoted UHC in neighbouring regions. The results of this study offer a partial explanation of GHE decisions and behaviours., Conclusions: To enhance UHC, a viable strategy involves augmenting vertical transfer payments from the central government to local governments. Local governments should institute healthcare systems tailored to the urban scale and developmental stages, with due consideration for PM. Optimising the information disclosure mechanism is also a worthwhile endeavour.