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With the vigorous promotion by China State Railway Group Co., Ltd. and under the specific guidance of China Railway BIM Alliance, the railway BIM has developed rapidly since 2013 in terms of standards, software and projects. However, the basic platform of railway BIM software relies on foreign companies at present, resulting in such problems as difficulties in landing data standards and lack of rapid response to user needs. At the same time, there exists the risk of data security and " neck sticking". This study starts with the current state and existing problems of railway BIM, and explores railway independent BIM technology and puts forward the evaluation criteria of homemade BIM based on the National Engineering Research Center of China Railway Design Corporation. BIMBase is a domestic independent software platform, which is deeply tested from three aspects: the basic ability, secondary development and its application in railway. It is believed that BIMBase has the potential to develop into the basic platform of railway BIM in data management, calculate geometry, graphics rendering and so on. Finally, railway independent BIM technology is summarized. And it is expected that railway independent BIM software will be developed based on BIMBase platform and continuously upgraded to achieve a high level of scientific and technological self-reliance as soon as possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synergistic antifungal activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles combined with mancozeb against Botryosphaeria dothidea was carried out. Indexes of colony growth, colony formation, and inhibition zone were measured to reveal their antifungal effect. The results showed that silver nanoparticles synthesized by llexchinensis Sims leaf were near spherical with the average size of 14 nm. The inhibition rate and diameter of inhibition zone reached 81.9% and 12.6 ± 1.25 mm when the concentration of silver nanoparticles was 200 μg/mL. In addition, distinct synergistic antifungal activity was detected when silver nanoparticles were combined with mancozeb at the volume ratios of 1:9 and 8:2, and the toxic ratio was 1.32 and 1.14, respectively. As one kind of non-antibiotic bacteriostatic substances, silver nanoparticles would be substitute or supplement with fungicide to resolve pesticide residue and pathogen resistance that plagued agricultural for a long time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a knowledge reuse framework to solve the problem that modelling knowledge cannot be reused effectively in the process of generating multi-type railway scenes. We designed the contents and instantiation method of the modelling knowledge templates. Then, we discussed in detail how to parse the modelling knowledge templates Finally, we designed the scene mapping and instantiation method. We developed a prototype and carried out experiments. The experimental results show that our method is applicable to unified modelling of different types of 3D railway scenes on the same platform, enabling reuse of primitive models, 3D scenes and modelling knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Constructing 3D railway scenes helps improve the railway information construction ability and the comprehensive railway management level. However, the existing modeling methods have disadvantages such as low flexibility in scene configuration, weak extensibility of scene objects and poor reusability of modeling knowledge. To enable multitype 3D railway scenes to be automatically constructed, a template-based knowledge reuse method was proposed in this paper. First, based on parsing of modeling operation characteristics and modeling knowledge expression, a modeling knowledge template was designed to store modeling knowledge and modeling operations in a parameterized way. The contents of this template were described in terms of semantic information, geometric information, topologic information and reference system information, and the method for instantiating the modeling knowledge template was proposed. Second, a scene configuration template was designed to organize the instantiated modeling knowledge files and scene objects. By the use of a flexible tree structure, the scene configuration template enables extensibility of scene objects. Finally, the two types of templates were parsed in terms of scene organization, linear referencing information, geometric and topologic relationships, and semantic descriptions. In this way, different types of 3D railway scenes were generated automatically. After a prototype system was developed, experiments on automatic modeling of two 3D railway scenes were carried out to verify the template-based knowledge reuse method. The experimental results show that the proposed method can be used to generate multitype 3D railway scenes automatically. With this method, model combination can be configured, model types can be extended and modeling knowledge can be reused. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]