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We tested the hypothesis that low hemoglobin levels are associated with acute seizures after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms were enrolled in the observational cohort study that prospectively collected age, sex, symptom onset, history of diabetes and hypertension, history of coronary artery disease, temperature, Hunt-Hess grade, Fisher grade, aneurysm location, hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum potassium, sodium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, and modified Rankin Scale. Acute seizures were determined as seizures within 1 week after aSAH. We included 554 patients with requisite data for analysis in the prospective study. Incidence of acute seizures following aSAH was 3.61%. In the univariate analysis, significant differences were detected in admission Hunt-Hess grade, Fisher grade, hemoglobin, and serum iron between epilepsy and nonepilepsy groups. Furthermore, acute seizures were associated with higher modified Rankin Scale score and poor outcome (P = 0.004). Serum hemoglobin levels were 114.30 ± 20.08 g/L in the epilepsy group, which were lower than those in the nonepilepsy group (128.64 ± 17.94 mmol/L, P = 0.001). Serum iron levels were 8.89 ± 5.03 g/L in the epilepsy group, which were also lower than those in the nonepilepsy group (13.71 ± 6.70 mmol/L, P = 0.002). The hemoglobin level was positively correlated with serum iron on admission (ρ = 0.321, P = 0.000). In the multivariate logistic regression model, lower hemoglobin was considered as an independent risk factor of acute seizures (odds ratio 4.286, 95% confidence interval 1.492–12.315, P = 0.007). The optimal cutoff value for hemoglobin level as a predictor for acute epilepsy after aSAH was determined as 119 g/L in the receiver operating characteristic curve (sensitivity was 75.00%, and specificity was 69.48%). These data support the hypothesis that hemoglobin was inversely associated with acute seizures following aSAH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a leading cause of death, second only to heart disease, cancer has always been one of the burning topics in medical research. When targeting multiple signal pathways in tumorigenesis chemoprevention, using natural or synthetic anti-cancer drugs is a vital strategy to reduce cancer damage. However, toxic effects, multidrug resistance (MDR) as well as cancer stem cells (CSCs) all prominently limited the clinical application of conventional anticancer drugs. With low side effects, strong biological activity, unique mechanism, and wide range of targets, natural products derived from plants are considered significant sources for new drug development. Nobiletin is one of the most attractive compounds, a unique flavonoid primarily isolated from the peel of citrus fruits. Numerous studies in vitro and in vivo have suggested that nobiletin and its derivatives possess the eminent potential to become effective cancer chemoprevention agents through various cellular and molecular levels. This article aims to comprehensively review the anticancer efficacy and specific mechanisms of nobiletin, enhancing our understanding of its chemoprevention properties and providing the latest research findings. At the end of this review, we also give some discussion and future perspectives regarding the challenges and opportunities in nobiletin efficient exploitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/HER1/c-ErbB1), is overexpressed in many solid cancers, such as epidermoid carcinomas, malignant gliomas, etc. EGFR plays roles in proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis of malignant cancer cells and is the ideal antigen for clinical applications in cancer detection, imaging and therapy. Aptamers, the output of the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX), are DNA/RNA oligonucleotides which can bind protein and other substances with specificity. RNA aptamers are undesirable due to their instability and high cost of production. Conversely, DNA aptamers have aroused researcher’s attention because they are easily synthesized, stable, selective, have high binding affinity and are cost-effective to produce. In this study, we have successfully identified DNA aptamers with high binding affinity and selectivity to EGFR. The aptamer named TuTu22 with K d 56 ± 7.3 nM was chosen from the identified DNA aptamers for further study. Flow cytometry analysis results indicated that the TuTu22 aptamer was able to specifically recognize a variety of cancer cells expressing EGFR but did not bind to the EGFR-negative cells. With all of the aforementioned advantages, the DNA aptamers reported here against cancer biomarker EGFR will facilitate the development of novel targeted cancer detection, imaging and therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cardiac complications are related to poor prognosis after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study aims to predict the cardiac complications arising from small intracranial hematoma at ultraearly stage. The data of this work were derived from the Risk Stratification and Minimally Invasive Surgery in Acute ICH Patients study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03862729). This work included patients with ICH but without brain herniation, as confirmed by a brain computed tomography scan within 48 hours of symptom onset. Every Patient's information recorded at the emergent department, including clinical, laboratory, electrocardiogram, and medical records, was derived from the electronic data capture. Cardiac complications were defined as the occurrence of myocardial damage, arrhythmias, and ischemic electrocardiogram changes during hospitalization. Variables associated with cardiac complications were filtrated by univariate and multivariate regression analyses. Independent risk factors were used to form the early predictive model. The restricted cubic splines were employed to investigate the nonlinear associations in a more sophisticated and scholarly manner. A total of 587 ICH patients were enrolled in this work, including 72 patients who suffered from cardiac complications after ICH. Out of the 78 variables, 24 were found to be statistically significant in the univariate logistic regression analysis. These significant variables were then subjected to multivariate logistic regression analysis and utilized for constructing risk models. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed high plasma fibrinogen (FIB) level [odds ratio (OR) per standard deviation (SD) 1.327, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.037–1.697; P = 0. 024)] and older age (OR per SD 1.777, 95% CI 1.344–2.349; P ＜0.001) were associated with a higher incidence of cardiac complications after ICH. High admission pulse rate (OR 0.620, 95% CI 0.451–0.853; P = 0. 003) was considered a protective factor for cardiac complications after ICH. In the restricted cubic spline regression model, FIB and cardiac complications following ICH were positively correlated and almost linearly (P for nonlinearity = 0.073). The reference point for FIB in predicting cardiac complications after ICH was 2.64 g/L. Emergent factors, including plasma FIB level, age, and pulse rate, might be independently associated with cardiac complications after ICH, which warrants attention in the context of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Treatment of blood blister-like aneurysms (BBAs) of the supraclinoid internal carotid artery (ICA) with flow diverters (FDs) has become widespread in recent years. However, ruptured blood blister-like aneurysm (BBA) of ICA treatment with flow diverter-assisted coil embolization (FDAC) remains controversial. Moreover, limited direct comparative studies have been conducted between the two treatment modalities, FDs and FDAC, for BBAs. The purpose of this study was to document our experience and evaluate the effectiveness and safety of FDAC. We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical and radiological information from ten patients who experienced ruptured BBAs of the supraclinoid ICA at our center from January 2021 to February 2023. The technical details of FDAC for ruptured BBAs were described, and the technical steps were named "pipeline embolization device (PED)-Individualized shaping(microcatheter)-Semi deploying-Rivet(coils)-Massage(microwire)" as the PEISSERM technique. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), whereas radiological results were determined through angiography. A pooled analysis was implemented, incorporating data from literature sources that reported perioperative and long-term clinical and angiographic outcomes of ruptured BBAs treated with FD and FDAC strategies, along with our data. Data in our analysis pool were categorized into FD and FDAC strategy groups to explore the preferred treatment modalities for BBAs. The PEISSERM technique was utilized to treat ten patients, seven males, and three females, with an average age of 41.7 years. A single PED was deployed in conjunction with coils in all ten patients. All PEDs were documented to have good wall apposition. The immediate postoperative angiograms demonstrated Raymond grade I in ten aneurysms. Angiographic follow-up of nine patients at 4–25 months showed total occlusion of the aneurysms. At the most recent follow-up, the mRS scores of nine patients hinted at a good prognosis. Pooled analysis of 233 ICA-BBA cases of FD revealed a technical success rate of 91% [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.88 to 0.95], a rate of complete occlusion of 79% (95% CI, 0.73 to 0.84), a recurrence rate of 2% (95% CI, 0.00 to 0.04), a rebleed rate of 2% (95% CI, 0.00 to 0.04), and the perioperative stroke rate was 8% (95% CI, 0.04 to 0.11). The perioperative mortality was 4% (95% CI, 0.01 to 0.07). The long-term good clinical outcome rate was 85% (95% CI, 0.80 to 0.90). The mortality rate was 6% (95% CI, 0.03 to 0.09). Results from the subgroup analysis illustrated that the FDAC strategy for BBAs had a significantly higher immediate postoperative complete occlusion rate (P < 0.001), total occlusion rate (P = 0.016), and a good outcome rate (P = 0.041) compared with the FD strategy. The FDAC strategy can yield a higher rate of good outcomes than the FD strategy. The PEISSERM technique employed by the FDAC is a reliable and effective treatment approach as it can minimize the hemodynamic burden of BBA's fragile dome, thereby achieving an excellent occlusion rate. The PEISSERM technique in the FDAC strategy contributes to understanding the BBA's treatment and offers a potentially optimal treatment for BBA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some primary and secondary liver carcinomas cannot be resected using a conventional approach due to their size, location, or major vascular invasion. The aim of this study was to explore the application of ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation for complicated HB in children. A 1.5‐year‐old girl with HB after repeated chemotherapy was analyzed. In this patient, tumor invasion includes the IV, V, and VIII liver segments, and thrombosis formed in the inferior vena cava and right atrium. It is difficult to obtain complete tumor resection using conventional hepatectomy. The patient was treated via ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation, and tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava and right atrium was removed via cardiopulmonary bypass. Operative methods and precautions were analyzed during and after the operation. The operation was completed successfully within 8 hours, and the liver's cold ischemia time was 190 minutes. The patient recuperated successfully, and the liver's function and AFP levels gradually tended to normalize 2 weeks after the operation. Ultrasonic examination revealed that the blood flow velocity of the hepatic vein, portal vein, and hepatic artery was good. The patient recovered and was discharged 3 weeks after the operation. Ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation have great application value for complicated HB in children that is not suitable for conventional hepatic lobectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tumefactive demyelinating lesion (TDL) is an immune-mediated disease which can be misdiagnosed as glioma. At present, there is no study comparing difference between the two disorders at the cellular level. Here, we perform integrative and comparative single-cell RNA sequencing (ScRNA-seq) transcriptomic analysis on TDL and glioma lesions. At single-cell resolution, TDL is comprised primarily of immune cells, which is completely different from glioma. The integrated analysis reveals a TDL-specific microglial subset involving in B cell activation and proliferation. Comparative analysis highlights remyelination function of glial cells and demyelination function of T cells in TDL. Subclustering and pseudotime trajectory analysis of T cells in TDL reveal their heterogeneity and diverse functions involving in TDL pathogenesis and recovery process. Our study identifies substantial differences between TDL and glioma at single-cell resolution. The observed heterogeneity and potentially diverse functions of cells in TDL may be critical in disease progression. Integrative and comparative single-cell analysis reveals transcriptomic difference between human tumefactive demyelinating lesion and glioma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a correction notice for an article titled "Treatment with a flow diverter-assisted coil embolization for ruptured blood blister-like aneurysms of the internal carotid artery: a technical note and analysis of single-center experience with pooled data." The correction addresses an error in the affiliations of Dr. Kang, which have been corrected in this erratum article. The original article has been updated to reflect this correction. The publisher, Springer Nature, remains neutral regarding jurisdictional claims and institutional affiliations. [Extracted from the article]

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a nonspecific inflammatory biomarker and has been reported to be useful in predicting community-acquired pneumonia and Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. The connection between LDH level and postoperative pneumonia (POP) in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is still unclear. The aim of this study was to assess feasibility of predicting POP in patients with aSAH using LDH. Admission serum LDH level was obtained in 647 patients with aSAH enrolled in a prospective observational study. The relationship between LDH level and POP was analyzed. POP occurred in 187 patients (28.90%). Patients with POP had significantly higher LDH levels than patients without POP (261.26 ± 126.51 U/L vs. 189.00 ± 69.20 U/L, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that LDH level remained a significant independent factor associated with POP in patients with aSAH, even after adjusting for possible confounding factors. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that LDH level had a sensitivity of 63.6% and a specificity of 71.3% for predicting POP based on best threshold of 203.5 U/L. There were additive interactions between elevated LDH level and World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies grade or mechanical ventilator use. When patients were classified by World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies grade or mechanical ventilator use, regardless of World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies grade (