Search

To analyze the clinical characteristics and to improve clinicians’ understanding of multiple pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) patients. A total of 36 PSP patients with multiple tumor characteristics were identified from the literature search. They were compared with 43 solitary PSP patients diagnosed and treated in our hospital in the past 5 years. Thus, the pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, diagnosis methods, treatment strategies, and prognosis of pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) patients with multiple tumors were explored. Patients with multiple PSP are mostly distributed in Asia (88.89%) and are females (83.33%). PSP can be located in any one lobe (19.44%), or grow across ipsilateral lobes (44.44%), or even, bilateral lobes (36.11%). It can be accompanied by metastasis (9.09%) and is prone to misdiagnosis (27.78%). Compared with solitary PSP, the occurrence age of multiple PSP was younger (mean ± standard deviation [SD]: 40.36 ± 18.12: 51.28 ± 12.74 years), but there was no significant difference in sex, tumor size (mean ± SD: 43.54 ± 46.18: 30.56 ± 17.62 mm), or symptoms. Individualized surgical resection is required for treatment, including pneumonectomy (17.65%), lobectomy (23.53%), subpulmonary lobectomy (38.24%), or combined lobectomy (5.88%). Multiple PSP is relatively rare. Surgical resection within a limited time should be the main treatment for such patients. The prognosis of patients with multiple PSP is generally good, but inappropriate diagnosis and treatment plans may lead to poor prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignancy of the hematopoietic system, and childhood AML accounts for about 20% of pediatric leukemia. ANP32B, an important nuclear protein associated with proliferation, has been found to regulate hematopoiesis and CML leukemogenesis by inhibiting p53 activity. However, recent study suggests that ANP32B exerts a suppressive effect on B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in mice by activating PU.1. Nevertheless, the precise underlying mechanism of ANP32B in AML remains elusive. Results: Super enhancer related gene ANP32B was significantly upregulated in AML patients. The expression of ANP32B exhibited a negative correlation with overall survival. Knocking down ANP32B suppressed the proliferation of AML cell lines MV4-11 and Kasumi-1, along with downregulation of C-MYC expression. Additionally, it led to a significant decrease in H3K27ac levels in AML cell lines. In vivo experiments further demonstrated that ANP32B knockdown effectively inhibited tumor growth. Conclusions: ANP32B plays a significant role in promoting tumor proliferation in AML. The downregulation of ANP32B induces cell cycle arrest and promotes apoptosis in AML cell lines. Mechanistic analysis suggests that ANP32B may epigenetically regulate the expression of MYC through histone H3K27 acetylation. ANP32B could serve as a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for AML patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Compound chenpi tea (CCT) is a popular herbal beverage made from citri reticulatae pericarpium, Ganoderma lucidum, and pu‐erh tea. This study aimed to investigate the anti‐obesity effect of CCT in mice fed a high‐fat diet (HFD) and to explore the potential mediators by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing and serum metabolomic analysis. RESULTS: The results showed that CCT supplementation can effectively reduce diet‐induced obesity, hepatic steatosis, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Further analyses revealed that CCT could reverse the changes of 28 metabolites induced by HFD, mainly affecting, amino acid metabolism, gut microbiota metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. CCT could also alleviate the intestinal dysbiosis by decreasing the abundance of Romboutsia, Gemella, [Eubacterium]_fissicatena_group, and Faecalibaculum, and increasing the abundance of Oscillibacter, Blautia, and Acetatifactor. CONCLUSION: Collectively, these findings demonstrated that CCT supplementation modulated gut microbiota and obesity‐related metabolic disorders in mice. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dehydrogenation enthalpy, a crucial thermodynamic parameter, determines the difficulty of hydrogen desorption in V–Ti–Cr–Fe alloy, but it is unaffordable to predict and modify the dehydrogenation enthalpy and investigate the synergistic effects of structural and chemical parameters relying on conventional experimental methods. In this paper, an extreme gradient boosting (Xgboost) model with feature selection is developed, which can obtain a relative error under 15% in prediction on most of the data. Moreover, the genetic algorithm is utilized for optimizing alloy composition having suitable dehydrogenation enthalpy. The accuracy of prediction and optimization is demonstrated by the subsequent experimental validation, where the error between calculation and experiment is within 4.5%. Density function theory (DFT) is used to analyze the key features provided by machine learning, with results suggesting that the volumes, valence electrons, and bulk module factors have a significant impact. This research supplies an efficient way of using machine learning to predict and optimize the dehydrogenation enthalpy. In addition, DFT calculation also validates the feature importance outputted by machine learning and reveals the principle of feature effects at the microscopic aspect. • ML models predict precisely the dehydrogenation enthalpy of V–Ti–Cr–Fe alloy. • Properties calculation optimized by GA have good agreement with experiments. • Explanation of volume, electron and module factors affecting enthalpy using DFT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How to effectively maintain costly intra-group cooperation has always been a topic of great concern in society. As we all know, inter-group competition is a constructive way to promote intra-group cooperation. Previous inter-group competition mechanisms are primarily based on the total contribution value of all individuals in the group in the current round, which ignore the historical behavior of the group and its members. For comparison, we argue that the introduction of collective reputation which reflects not only the total contribution of the groups in the current round but also the group's historical behavior is necessary for the construction of an inter-group competition model. Furthermore, an excellent collective reputation can help the group obtain more high-quality resources and help the group stand out from the competition. To this end, we introduce a new mechanism of inter-group transfer payment driven by collective reputation and construct a public goods game (PGG) model of inter-group competition to study the dynamic behavior of intra-group cooperation evolution. Two parameters, the proportion of accepted groups a and the proportion of transferred groups b , are introduced. The simulation results suggest that the effectiveness of this model in promoting cooperation depends largely on the joint settings of a and b. And in most cases, the combination of small a and medium b plays the significant role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Specific pathogen infections associated with acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) in infants are risk factors for allergic asthma in adolescents. However, the risk factors for ARS onset remain largely unknown in asthmatic children. In this study, we aim to investigate the risk factors for ARS in childhood asthma. Methods: This study retrospectively compared and analyzed the clinical characteristics of asthmatic children with (n = 194) or without ARS (n = 799). Univariate regression analyses were performed to identify ARS-associated risk factors in asthmatic children, and subsequent multivariate backward stepwise logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors. Results: The onset age, values of blood eosinophils (EOS) (%), and total IgE were significantly lower in patients with ARS than in those without ARS. Moreover, the proportions of patients allergic to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (d1) and Dermatophagoides farinae (d2) were significantly smaller in children with ARS (all p values <0.05). Univariate analyses showed that an older onset age, a higher body mass index, a higher value of blood EOS (%) were protective factors, while a higher value of blood lymphocytes (%) and a higher degree of sensitization to d1 and d2 were risk factors for ARS. Further backward stepwise multivariate logistic regression analyses confirmed that a younger onset age and allergic sensitization to d1 were independent risk factors for ARS in childhood asthma. Conclusion: Younger onset age and allergic sensitization to d1 are risk factors for the onset of ARS in childhood asthma, so allergen intervention should be performed as early as possible in asthmatic children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is the most prevalent malignant tumor affecting children. While the majority of B-ALL patients (90%) experience successful recovery, early relapse cases of B-ALL continue to exhibit high mortality rates. MZ1, a novel inhibitor of Bromodomains and extra-terminal (BET) proteins, has demonstrated potent antitumor activity against hematological malignancies. The objective of this study was to examine the role and therapeutic potential of MZ1 in the treatment of B-ALL. In order to ascertain the fundamental mechanism of MZ1, a sequence of in vitro assays was conducted on B-ALL cell lines, encompassing Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8) assay, Propidium iodide (PI) staining, and Annexin V/PI staining. Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were employed to examine protein and mRNA expression levels. Transcriptomic RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was utilized to screen the target genes of MZ1, and lentiviral transfection was employed to establish stably-expressing/knockdown cell lines. MZ1 has been observed to induce the degradation of Bromodomain Containing 4 (BRD4), Bromodomain Containing 3 (BRD3), and Bromodomain Containing 2 (BRD2) in B-ALL cell strains, leading to inhibited cell growth and induction of cell apoptosis and cycle arrest in vitro. These findings suggest that MZ1 exhibits cytotoxic effects on two distinct molecular subtypes of B-ALL, namely 697 (TCF3/PBX1) and RS4;11 (MLL-AF4) B-ALL cell lines. Additionally, RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that MZ1 significantly downregulated the expression of Cyclin D3 (CCND3) gene in B-ALL cell lines, which in turn promoted cell apoptosis, blocked cell cycle, and caused cell proliferation inhibition. Our results suggest that MZ1 has potential anti-B-ALL effects and might be a novel therapeutic target. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Small airway dysfunction (SAD) is associated with type 2 inflammation in patients who have non-asthmatic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs); however, the risk factors for abnormal small airway function indicators in CRSwNP patients with and without asthma remain unclear. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 41 asthmatic and 109 non-asthmatic CRSwNP patients. Clinical characteristics were compared between groups, correlations between small airway function and clinical parameters were calculated, and independent risk factors for every small airway indicator were identified in each group. Results: Asthmatic CRSwNP patients had significantly reduced small airway function, and the proportion of patients with SAD was higher in asthmatic CRSwNP patients (65.85%) than in patients without asthma (9.17%). With regard to specific airway function indicators, age and a patient's blood eosinophil (%) were identified as independent risk factors for lower FEF50% %pred and FEF25–75% pred, with age being an independent risk factor for FEF75% %pred in asthmatic CRSwNP patients. In non-asthmatic CRSwNP patients, allergic rhinitis comorbidity was found to be an independent risk factor for FEF50% %pred, FEF75% %pred, and FEF25–75% %pred. Conclusion: Physicians should pay greater attention to risk factors for abnormal small airway function indicators in patients with CRSwNPs to prevent the occurrence of SAD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• BC/ZnO nanocomposite strengthens paper and improves aging resistance. • The nanocomposite imparts antifungal properties to paper. • The nanocomposite helps in deacidification of paper. Paper, commonly used as an information carrier, can become acidified and brittle over time. In this study, 0.3 % bacterial cellulose (BC) composite with 1.0% zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles was prepared and used to coat brittle book paper for deacidification and consolidation. The BC/ZnO nanocomposite was characterized using zeta potential, micro morphology, elemental mapping, X-ray photoelectron spectra, Fourier transform infrared, and thermogravimetric analyses. The results indicated that the composite exhibited good stability. ZnO nanoparticles were bonded to the hydroxyl groups on BC, enhancing the thermal stability of BC. The composite was uniformly sprayed on the paper surface, and the mechanical properties, color difference, readability, pH, and micromorphology of the paper samples were examined before and after the treatment. The BC/ZnO nanocomposite exhibited good deacidification and consolidation effects on paper samples with low impact on the original paper appearance. Moreover, the BC/ZnO nanocomposite showed a good inhibitory effect on fungi growth on paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein we report an efficient adsorptive separation approach for monobromotoluene isomers using nonporous adaptive crystals of perbromoethylated pillar[5]arene (BrP5). The purity of separated m-bromotoluene from an equal volume mixture of m-bromotoluene and o-bromotoluene reaches 96.6% in one cycle and the adsorbent BrP5 can be reused without losing separation performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The resonance photoacoustic (PA) cell has a resonance enhancement effect and higher resonance frequency. It can significantly improve the signal-to-noise ratio of PA gas detection. However, in resonance PA gas detection, the resonance frequency of the PA cell mainly depends on the gas composition, temperature, and pressure and therefore must be continuously tracked and measured. A fast resonance frequency tracking method for PA cell based on the hybrid single-frequency excitation and the fast fourier transform (FFT) is proposed. The hybrid single-frequency serves as the excitation signal. The FFT is used to collect the spectral data of all frequencies within a certain bandwidth. Under the same conditions, the resonance frequency is measured by sweep frequency and hybrid single-frequency. The experiments show that the resonance frequency tracking time in the 200 Hz bandwidth is 200 s by sweep method. The hybrid single-frequency takes only 1.1 s, which is only 0.55% of the sine sweep tracking time. The accuracy of frequency tracking can reach 1 Hz. In the long-term stability test, the resonance frequency fluctuation is less than ± 1 Hz, and its standard deviation (1 σ ) is 0.5681 Hz. This method provides a quick and accurate method for determining the resonance frequency of the resonance PA cell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ceramic waste forms are designed to immobilize radionuclides for permanent disposal in geological repositories. One of the principal criteria for the effective incorporation of waste elements is their compatibility with the host material. In terms of performance under environmental conditions, the resistance of the waste forms to degradation over long periods of time is a critical concern when they are exposed to natural environments. Due to their unique crystallographic features and behavior in nature environment as exemplified by their natural analogues, ceramic waste forms are capable of incorporating problematic nuclear waste elements while showing promising chemical durability in aqueous environments. Recent studies of apatite- and hollandite-structured waste forms demonstrated an approach that can predict the compositions of ceramic waste forms and their long-term dissolution rate by a combination of computational techniques including machine learning, first-principles thermodynamics calculations, and modeling using kinetic rate equations based on critical laboratory experiments. By integrating the predictions of elemental incorporation and degradation kinetics in a holistic framework, the approach could be promising for the design of advanced ceramic waste forms with optimized incorporation capacity and environmental degradation performance. Such an approach could provide a path for accelerated ceramic waste form development and performance prediction for problematic nuclear waste elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vaccine is the most effective way to prevent the spread of communicable diseases, but the immune response induced by it varies greatly between individuals and populations in different regions of the world. Current studies have identified the composition and function of the gut microbiota as key factors in modulating the immune response to vaccination. This article mainly reviews the differences in gut microbiota among different groups of vaccinated people and animals, explores the possible mechanism of vaccine immunity affected by gut microbiota, and reviews the strategies for targeting gut microbiota to improve vaccine efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vaccine is the most effective way to prevent the spread of communicable diseases, but the immune response induced by it varies greatly between individuals and populations in different regions of the world. Current studies have identified the composition and function of the gut microbiota as key factors in modulating the immune response to vaccination. This article mainly reviews the differences in gut microbiota among different groups of vaccinated people and animals, explores the possible mechanism of vaccine immunity affected by gut microbiota, and reviews the strategies for targeting gut microbiota to improve vaccine efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Hölder–Morrey spaces Λ κ p , τ (Ω , ∧ l) are proposed in this paper. The imbedding inequalities for homotopy operator are derived in Hölder–Morrey spaces on differential forms. The Hölder continuity for Riesz potential with envelope function is deduced. As application, some composite theorems, which are associated with conjugate A-harmonic equations on differential forms, are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: With recent improvements in surgical technique, oncological outcomes of low rectal cancer have improved over time. But the QoL impairment as a result of anal functional disorder cannot be ignored. And the incidence of anastomosis-related complications cannot be ignored. To address these problems, a personal technique for pull-through coloanal anastomosis (parachute-like intussuscept pull-through anastomosis) was introduced and evaluated. This technique can relatively reduce surgical complications, minimize the impact of anal function, and obviate a colostomy creation. Methods: Between June 2020 and April 2021, 14 consecutive patients with rectal cancer underwent laparoscopic-assisted resection of rectal cancer in our hospital. Parachute-like pull-through anastomosis method was performed in all patients. Anal function, perioperative details, and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. Results: The mean (SD) operative time of first stage was 282.1 min (range 220–370) with an average estimated blood loss of 90.3 mL (range 33–200). And the mean (SD) operative time of second was 46 min (range 25–76) with an average estimated blood loss of 16.1 mL (range 5–50). Wexner scores declined significantly during the median follow-up of 18 months. Four postoperative anastomosis-related complications occurred in 14 patients, including perianastomotic abscess: 1 case (7%), anastomotic stricture: 1 case (7%), and colonic ischemia of the exteriorized colonic segment: 2 cases (14%). Conclusion: The results suggest that the method can facilitate safe and easy completion of coloanal anastomosis, using parachute-like pull-through anastomosis, with acceptable anal function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrogen gas (H 2) detection plays an important role in many fields. With the continuous demand and development of clean energy, it is urgent to study new hydrogen gas sensors for stable and accurate H 2 detection. The purpose of this research is to develop a new H 2 sensor based on the resonant photoacoustic (PA) cell as the sensing element. The sensitivity of the resonant PA cell to the resonant frequency is sufficiently utilized. The optimization of its resonance frequency was investigated minutely for the H 2 sensor. Detection utilizes resonance frequency differences between H 2 and air as a sensing mechanism. The resonance frequency tracking is adopted and implemented by the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) device. The minimum detection limit of about 74 ppm for H 2 has been demonstrated by preliminary experiments. The response time of the sensor is about 5 s. This sensor detects concentrations ranging from 74 ppm to 100% in 1 atm. The preliminary test result shows that the H 2 sensor based on this structure has a larger application perspective. [Display omitted] • Hydrogen gas detection by a resonant photoacoustic cell. • The resonant photoacoustic cell is sensitive to the resonance frequency. • A resonance frequency tracking method is used to detect hydrogen gas. • Tracking resonance frequency by the field-programmable gate array device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The V–Ti–Cr–Fe quaternary alloy is a promising hydrogen storage material for excellent performances, but it is difficult to take reliable multi-factor synergistic effects into account by means of experiments. At present, using the data-driven innovation method of ensemble learning, the structure-property relationship of V–Ti–Cr–Fe alloy is built and the maximum hydrogen absorption capacity is accurately predicted as well through 19 features covering the composition and various crystal parameters with the mean square error of 0.187. The feature importance ranking indicates that valence electron concentration, lattice constant, and Z/r3 play a critical role in the prediction. The genetic algorithm is furtherly used to propose 3 optimal composition ranges, which are proved to be accurate by experiments with relative errors of around 1%. The present work could provide an effective way for accurate and rapid prediction of hydrogen storage capacity and rational design of high-performance alloys. • Stacking model predicts the hydrogen storage capacity precisely with 19 features. • 3 optimal samples optimized by the GA agree with experimental validation. • The atomic size, e/a, and Z/r3 are key factors for hydrogen absorption capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fragile paper is treated to improve the stability and appearance of the paper artifact, such as washing, lining, deacidification, and reinforcement. During the above treatments, paper documents inevitably make contact with water directly, leading to the appearance change, stability decrease, and migration or fading of anionic water-sensitive dyes, which are seriously harmful to information security. Herein, Hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC) nanoparticles were employed for the reinforcement and concomitant inhibition of anionic water-sensitive dye migration on fragile paper. HACC nanoparticles were prepared through physical ball grinding method and characterized via LPSA, SEM, TEM, XRD and FTIR. To evaluate the protective potential of HACC nanoparticles coating, the chemical and mechanical properties of coated and uncoated papers were evaluated after dry heat and hygrothermal accelerated aging. Additionally, good color stability of anionic water-sensitive dyes was observed on the paper coated with HACC nanoparticles after lining technology. Finally, the interaction mechanism between the anionic water-sensitive dyes and HACC nanoparticles was analyzed using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer and FTIR. The as-proposed technique can provide technical support to improve the mechanical properties of fragile paper and enhance the anionic water-sensitive dyes stability in the aqueous phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most hydraulic drive systems for robots are configured with one single pump and multiple cylinders, which suffers from low energy efficiency in the case of driving the variable loads. To solve the problem, this paper presents a multi-chamber hydraulic cylinder based on the bionic muscle drive mechanism. Firstly, the mechanical structure is designed, the mathematical models are derived, the mechanism of high energy efficiency is analyzed. Then, the simulation of load matching control is carried out, which shows the high energy efficiency improvement and the good position tracking. Finally, the multi-chamber hydraulic cylinder prototype is developed for experimental study, and output forces, output displacement, energy consumption, and friction characteristics are researched. The theoretical analysis and experimental research show that the bionic multi-chamber hydraulic cylinder can realize the power matching between the single power source and the variable loads in the hydraulic system, which provide a novel idea for the energy efficient hydraulic equipment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To find ternary Cu-based catalysts (Cu/Cu 2 O/CuO) compositions with the highest M2 selectivity(S M2) in Rochow-Müller reaction, a machine learning (ML) framework including prediction and optimization models was created. The Stacking integration approach was used to describe the relationship between the catalyst's structures features and S M2 for prediction model. Further, the composition space was effectively searched for compositions with the highest S M2 by optimization model with the genetic algorithm (GA) in the base of prediction model. Finally, the greatest S M2 catalyst compositions were effectively suggested by the ML framework, and the constructed catalyst had an S M2 of 82.35%, with a relative error of only 0.93% from the predicted value. ML model combined with experimental characterization was used to infer the synergistic mechanism of the ternary Cu-based catalysts. Cu/Cu 2 O and Cu 2 O/CuO contact surfaces can create heterojunction and Schottky junction structures, respectively, to facilitate the transport of electron-hole pairs and the formation of active spices. ML framework achieved compositional optimization of catalysts and were successfully integrated with materials science theory. [Display omitted] • ML models predict precisely the M2 selectivity of ternary Cu-based catalyst. • Properties calculation optimized by GA have good agreement with experiments. • Analysis of synergistic effects by ML models combined with experiments characterization. • Analysis of the synergistic mechanism of ternary compositions of Cu/Cu 2 O/CuO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors and is a serious threat to human health; thus, early diagnosis and adequate treatment are essential. However, there are still great challenges in identifying the tipping point and detecting early warning signals of early HCC. In this study, we aimed to identify the tipping point (critical state) of and key molecules involved in hepatocarcinogenesis based on time series transcriptome expression data of HCC patients. The phase from veHCC (very early HCC) to eHCC (early HCC) was identified as the critical state in HCC progression, with 143 genes identified as key candidate molecules by combining the DDRTree (dimensionality reduction via graph structure learning) and DNB (dynamic network biomarker) methods. Then, we ranked the candidate genes to verify their mRNA levels using the diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC mouse model and identified five early warning signals, namely, CCT3 , DSTYK , EIF3E , IARS2 and TXNRD1 ; these signals can be regarded as the potential early warning signals for the critical state of HCC. We identified CCT3 as an independent prognostic factor for HCC, and functions of CCT3 involving in the "MYCtargets_V1" and "E2F-Targets" are closely related to the progression of HCC. The predictive method combining the DDRTree and DNB methods can not only identify the key critical state before cancer but also determine candidate molecules of critical state, thus providing new insight into the early diagnosis and preemptive treatment of HCC. [Display omitted] • Combining DDRtree and DNB theory was performed to identify eHCC as the critical state during HCC progression. • DEN-induced HCC mouse model was used for verifying the potential key genes at critical state. • Dysfunction of CCT3-associated network during the development of HCC was analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although a wide range of literature has investigated the network-level highway maintenance plans and policies, few of them focused on the maintenance scheduling problem. This study proposes a methodology framework to model and compare two different maintenance scheduling strategies for highway networks, i.e., minimal makespan strategy (MMS) and minimal increased travel delay strategy (MITDS). We formulate MMS as a mixed integer linear programming model subject to the constraints of the quantity of manpower and the worst-first maintenance sequence. A bi-level programming model is proposed to quantify and optimize MITDS. The upper level model determines the optimal scheduling to minimize the increased traffic delays during the maintenance makespan. In the lower level, a modified day-to-day traffic assignment model is put forward to reflect the traffic evolution dynamics by simulating travelers' route choice behaviors. A simulated annealing algorithm and augmented Lagrange algorithm are employed to solve the two proposed models, respectively. Finally, a numerical example using a highway network is developed. The two proposed strategies are tested considering different traffic demands, numbers of engineering teams, and travelers' sensitivities to traffic congestion. The experiment results reveal that compared with MMS, MITDS extends makespan by 2 days though, it reduces the total increased travel delays by 4% and both MMS and MITDS can obtain the minimum total increased travel delays when the number of engineering teams is 6. The sensitivity analysis indicates that both the two strategies have the maximum and minimum total increased travel delays when the weight of prediction in travelers' perception is 0.3 and 0.7, respectively. The proposed framework has the potential to provide reference in implementing highway maintenance activities reasonably. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cervical lymphangioma usually occurs in children and is relatively rare in adults. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of cervical lymphangiomas in adults. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and analyzed clinical data obtained from seven adult patients who suffered from cervical lymphangioma from January 2008 to June 2021. Results: Five (71.43%) of seven cases were asymptomatic and four (57.14%) lymphangiomas had a maximum diameter ≥ 10 cm. Each cervical lymphangioma was located adjacent to the carotid sheath. All the cervical lymphangiomas were completely surgically excised and were pathologically diagnosed as cystic lymphangioma. After a median 32 months follow‐up period, no recurrence was observed. Conclusion: Cervical lymphangiomas from adults are often large asymptomatic masses infiltrating or adjacent to surrounding vital structures which brings many difficulties to the surgery, requiring an experienced surgeon to remove the mass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to analyze the dynamic responses of Tension Leg Platform (TLP). Under the combined action of waves and currents, a tether model considering the coupled effects of transverse and axial responses is established. The finite difference method is used in the numerical algorithm of the tether vibration model. Three simulations are performed, including a first-order irregular wave, a second-order wave, and a freak wave impact against the platform. The dynamic response characteristics of the tension leg platform under the action of freak waves are calculated by using the superposition model to generate the time history of freak waves. The numerical simulation results show that the platform motions are significantly affected by the freak waves, especially in the focusing location. And the effects of second-order wave force and freak wave force on the platform responses, horizontal offset, and vertical subsidence are analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, a magnetic-field probe with improved common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) is proposed, fabricated, and calibrated. The magnetic-field probe consists of a differential dual loop (DDL) and an integrated balun. The advantage of this integrated design is to sense more magnetic flux and convert the differential signal into a single port signal, which makes the test easier. The CMRR of the proposed probe is more than 35 dB from 0.8 to 2.5 GHz under the condition that the loop size is 4.7 mm $\times4.6$ mm. The probe is verified through the simulation, the comparisons with reference probes and the near-field measurement of a U-shaped microstrip line. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing efficient, stable, and inexpensive electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is significant for the development and utilization of clean energy. Defects in electrocatalysts strongly impact their chemical properties and can dramatically enhance the electrocatalytic performance. However, the rational tuning of defects and lattice distortions in electrocatalysts for efficient and stable electrolytic activity in alkaline media remains a challenge. Here, we highlighted defect- and lattice distortion-enriched 3D hierarchical Co9S8/Ni3S2 nanowire arrays supported on Ni foam to expose a greater number of active sites for an efficient OER. The obtained Ni foam supported Co9S8/Ni3S2 nanowire arrays exhibit an overpotential of 223 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 79 mV dec−1, which is comparable to and even better than the performance of the best OER electrocatalyst under alkaline conditions. This work also offers an approach for designing other advanced OER electrocatalysts for sustainable energy technology and devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this communication, a magnetic field probe with high common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) and high sensitivity for the near-field measurement is proposed, fabricated, and calibrated. The proposed magnetic field probe consists of a differential dual loop (DDL) to improve the CMRR to the electric field, a balun to convert the differential end to the single end, and a two-stage amplifier achieving proper gain to further enhance the sensitivity. The sensitivity of the probe is raised by more than 50 dB at 30 MHz compared with the reference probes. The measured CMRR is more than 40 dB from 200 kHz to 1 GHz. The measurements of the passive circuits are conducted, and validating that the sensitivity of the proposed probe is significantly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly cancerous and aggressive hematologic disease with elevated levels of drug resistance and relapse resulting in high mortality. Recently, bromodomains and extra-terminal (BET) protein inhibitors have been extensively researched in hematological tumors as potential anticancer agents. MZ1 is a novel BET inhibitor that mediates selective proteins degradation and suppression of tumor growth through proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTAC) technology. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the role and therapeutic potential of MZ1 in AML. In this study, we first identified that AML patients with high BRD4 expression had poor overall survival than those with low expression group. MZ1 inhibited AML cell growth and induced apoptosis and cycle arrest in vitro. MZ1 induced degradation of BRD4, BRD3 and BRD2 in AML cell strains. Additionally, MZ1 also initiated the cleavage of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), which showed cytotoxic effects on NB4 (PML-RARa), K562 (BCR-ABL), Kasumi-1 (AML1-ETO), and MV4-11 (MLL-AF4) cell lines representing different molecular subtypes of AML. In AML mouse leukemia model, MZ1 significantly decreased leukemia cell growth and increased the mouse survival time. According to the RNA-sequencing analysis, MZ1 led to c-Myc and ANP32B genes significant downregulation in AML cell lines. Knockdown of ANP32B promoted AML cell apoptosis and inhibited cell growth. Overall, our data indicated that MZ1 had broad anti-cancer effects on AML cell lines with different molecular lesions, which might be exploited as a novel therapeutic strategy for AML patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the performance and expand the application range of gas-lubricated bearings to mainstream high-power devices, load capacity and damping characteristics are the key sticking points. Combining hermetic squeeze film dampers (HSFDs) with porous tilting pad gas bearings (PTPGBs) is a potential option to address this critical issue. A comprehensive bearing rotor test rig was assembled to experimentally investigate the dynamic response of a rigid rotor supported by two HPTPBs (or PTPGB with HSFDs). The rotor with a diameter of 70 cm and a weight of 23.6 kg was successfully accelerated to 20 krpm. Based on the test rig, the effects of bearing parameters such as supply pressure ratio, unbalanced mass, installation of HSFDs and viscosity of the damping fluid on the nonlinear dynamic behaviors are explored. The presence of HSFDs significantly improves the vibration characteristics of bearing rotor systems. This work presents a numerical model of a rotor system supported by PTPGBs with HSFDs to predict the dynamic responses of rotor, and the predictions are in good agreement with the test results. Understanding the effect of different parameters on the dynamic response of the rotor can provide guidance for the optimal design of bearings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous experience suggests that prior agreement (a mechanism to test how strongly peers are committed to a common goal) and posterior compensation (a way to compensate cooperators by punishing defectors who violate their commitments) together contribute to the flourishing of cooperation. Far less is known, however, how the determination of the optimal threshold for prior agreement in force and the posterior compensation affect collaboration, and the relevance of different strategies. Here, in the context of public goods games and using an evolutionary game theory model, we investigate the evolution of cooperation and the relevance of different strategies by introducing prior agreements and posterior compensation in structured populations. Analytical results show that posterior compensation does not always promote cooperation and that there are sudden increases and decreases in the first-order phase transition. Interestingly, prior agreements without posterior compensation can also effectively restrain defectors, with cooperation abundance remaining at a high level. Furthermore, the threshold of effective agreement has nonlinear effects on cooperation, with cooperation abundance peaking at intermediate thresholds under specific parameters. • The prior agreements and posterior compensation are introduced in network reciprocity. • The model aims to determine the optimal threshold of agreements and the correlation between different strategies. • The effects of posterior compensation and the threshold of agreements in force on the proportion of cooperation are not linear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a key equipment in deep-sea drilling and production operations, the riser tensioner provides a nearly constant tensioner for the riser to overcome the influence of the floating platform on the riser when it is makingheave motion with the waves. In the harsh deep-water area, when the tethers of Tension Leg Platform (TLP) failure, the Top Tensioned Risers (TTRs) will jump, resulting in the migration of the riser resonance region, which will cause the parametric resonance and interference phenomenon of the riser. Therefore, based on Adams and AMESim co-simulation, this paper calculates the dynamic characteristics of the displacement tension of the tensioner system on the traditional TLP under tether failure. Based on the dynamic characteristics of the tensioner system, a synchronous control strategy of the displacement tension of the tensioner under tether failure is proposed. The strategy uses the opening of the anti-recoil valve to realize the stable recovery of the riser and adjusts the output tension of the tensioner in the recoil process of the riser through the proportional relief valve. Compared with the traditional control method and non-control method, the effectiveness of this strategy is verified. The results show that the designed displacement tension synchronization control strategy can provide more stable tension for the riser, and the displacement amplitude of the hydraulic cylinder is smaller, which can realize the stable recovery of the riser. Moreover, it is found in many simulations that the opening of the main valve and the displacement curve of the hydraulic cylinder mainly affect the retraction speed of the hydraulic cylinder, and the maximum opening pressure of the proportional relief valve affects the output tension of the tensioner system. • The dynamic characteristics of the tensioner is simulated when the tendon of TLP fails instantaneously. • A hydraulic control system is designed to overcome the influence of a platform on risers. • A double-cavity synchronous control method is adopted for the hydraulic cylinder to realize the compensation control. • Dynamic responses of the cylinders in the anti-recoil control process considering the second-order wave force are simulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interaction radius is crucial in spatial evolutionary games, but previous studies have overlooked the dynamic nature of individuals adjusting their interaction circles based on their states. This manuscript investigates the impact of dynamic changes in interaction radius on cooperation, specifically examining the influence of emotion-induced heterogeneity. Individuals are categorized into non-competitive and competitive groups, highlighting their differing emotional responses to game outcomes. By affecting the dynamics of their interaction radius, emotions play a role in cooperation. Specifically, adjusting the interaction radius based on emotions effectively enhances cooperation by enabling individuals to secure survival opportunities through distinct evolutionary pathways. The study also explores the influence of unit emotional value size and unit game initiation cost on cooperation evolution, shedding light on their effects. Furthermore, the research examines the non-linear relationship between the maximum interaction radius and cooperation. By considering the interplay of emotions and the dynamics of interaction radius, this research advances the understanding of cooperation in evolutionary games and emphasizes the significance of individual-level adjustments in interaction radius. • Exploring the effects of emotion-based interaction range heterogeneity on cooperation in a spatial public goods game. • The model investigates the impact of dynamic changes in interaction radius on cooperation, specifically examining the influence of emotion-induced heterogeneity. • The unit emotional value and the unit organizational costs have a non-negligible role for cooperation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The evolution, transport and deposition of hygroscopic droplets are simulated in a highly idealized mouth-throat model. • The effects of different nebulization rates on aerosol evolution are considered. • The effects of different coupling methods on predicting droplet evolution are discussed. Inhalation therapy is widely used to treat various respiratory diseases. Nebulizers have been widely adopted due to their ease of operation, high drug delivery efficiency, and low residual volume. Traditional studies on drug delivery in the respiratory tract typically use a one-way coupled method to track drug transport and deposition for non-hygroscopic drug particles. However, neglecting the concentration of nebulized hygroscopic droplet aerosols can lead to significant discrepancies in the deposition efficiency (DE) of nebulized drugs in the airways. To investigate the effect of different nebulization rates on the evolution, transport, and deposition of droplets, a highly idealized mouth-throat (MT) model was selected as a testbed for the in silico trials of drug delivery to the respiratory tract. The interaction between continuous and discrete phases was modeled using a two-way coupled model of highly concentrated droplet aerosol-water vapor interaction, innovated by the particle parcel method. The effects of different coupling methods and boundary conditions on the average droplet diameter and droplet deposition distribution pattern at the outlet of the MT model were compared using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. Simulation results indicate that neglecting the effect of water vapor evaporated from the droplets on the relative humidity (RH) in the oral cavity could lead to a 2.2-fold prediction error of the average droplet diameter at the outlet of the MT model for a conventional nebulization rate of 0.386 g/min. As the nebulization rate increases, the difference in the predicted average droplet diameter at the outlet of the MT model between the one-way coupled method and the two-way coupled method also increases. Increasing the nebulization rate during inhalation therapy could lead to incomplete evaporation of drug droplets, resulting in deposition of larger diameter drug droplets in the oral cavity. In contrast, a lower nebulization rate can reduce the droplet diameter at the outlet of the MT model, allowing it to enter deeper airways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identifying the most influential individuals in structured populations is an important research topic throughout network science. Previous studies, whether identifying the initial cooperators in a network that can lead to the spread of cooperation or assessing the chances that an intrusive defector may lead to the collapse of cooperation, have assumed that all individual attributes are homogeneous. However, heterogeneity among humans is widespread and can sometimes affect cooperation and welfare. For example, the layout of non-cooperative individuals in cooperative individuals inhibits the evolution of cooperation. Therefore, specifying the heterogeneity of individuals and studying the effect of their initial position on cooperation is the focus of our attention. Here we hypothesize that individuals in the network are divided into cooperative and non-cooperative individuals according to the heterogeneity of social value orientations, and we investigate the effects of the initial position of non-cooperative individuals on cooperation by adding them through different ranking rules to the network composed of cooperative individuals. We investigate separately the effects of the proportion of non-cooperative individuals, the proportion of initial cooperators of different types of individuals and different game scenarios on cooperation under different ranking rules. The results show that the addition of non-cooperative individuals to cooperative populations can effectively hinder the spread of cooperation. We also find that the proportion of initial cooperators for different types of individuals and the effects of different game types on population evolution also differ significantly under different ranking rules. • Identifying how the most influential individuals have an impact on the evolution of cooperation under different ranking rules. • Our model classifies individuals into non-cooperative and cooperative individuals through the heterogeneity of their social value orientations, and thus investigates the impact of strategically positioned non-cooperative individuals who tend to defect. • Non-cooperative individuals block cooperation between cooperative individuals; the initial proportion of different types of individuals as well as different game scenarios also have a significant effect on the evolution of cooperation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Maternal hypotension after spinal anaesthesia occurs at a high rate during caesarean delivery and can lead to adverse maternal or foetal outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal dose of spinal ropivacaine for caesarean section with or without intravenous single bolus of S-ketamine and to observe the rates of hypotension associated with both methods.Methods: Eighty women undergoing elective caesarean delivery were randomly allocated into either a ropivacaine only or ropivacaine with intravenous S-ketamine group. If the upper sensory level of the patient reached T6 and the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores remained below 3 points before delivery, the next patient had a 1/9th chance of receiving a lower dose or an 8/9th chance of receiving the same dose as the previous patient. If the patient had VAS scores of more than 2 points or needed an extra epidural rescue bolus before delivery, a higher dose was used for the next patient. The primary outcome was the successful use of spinal ropivacaine to maintain patient VAS score of < 3 points before delivery and the incidence of post-spinal hypotension in both groups. Secondary outcomes included the rates of hypotension-related symptoms and interventions, upper sensory level of anaesthesia, level of sedation, neonatal outcomes, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores at admission and discharge, and post-operative analgesic effect. The 90% effective dose (ED90) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were estimated by isotonic regression.Results: The estimated ED90 of ropivacaine was 11.8 mg (95% CI: 11.7-12.7) with and 14.7 mg (95% CI: 14.6-16.0) without intravenous S-ketamine, using biased coin up-down sequential dose-finding method. The rates of hypotension and associated symptoms were significantly lower in S-ketamine group than in the ropivacaine only group.Conclusions: A spinal dose of ropivacaine 12 mg with a single intravenous 0.15 mg/kg bolus dose of S-ketamine may significantly reduce the risk of hypotension and induce sedation before delivery. This method may be used with appropriate caution for women undergoing elective caesarean delivery and at a high risk of hypotension or experiencing extreme nervousness.Trial Registration: http://www.chictr.org.cn ( ChiCTR2000040375 ; 28/11/2020). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We characterize the commutators of fractional integral operator and Calderón–Zygmund operator on differential forms. Also, the Hölder continuity for commutator of fractional integral operator with double-phase functional is derived. Finally, some estimates for the solutions to A-harmonic equations on differential forms are obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, two analysis models for tension leg platform (TLP) are proposed based on different simulation methods of the tendons for studying the TLP motion responses in waves. In the uncoupled analysis model, the tendon is simplified as a spring, and the restoring forces matrix is derived with the consideration of the influence of the coupled effect of horizontal offset and vertical setdown of the platform. In the coupled model, the axial and transverse vibration's coupled effect has been considered for the establishment of the vibration equations for the tendons, and the finite difference method is used to solve the vibration equations. The time-domain coupled motion model of the platform and the mooring system is established based on the interaction forces between the tendons and the platform. The coupled and uncoupled TLP models are compared and analysed to determine their applicability. Compared with the uncoupled TLP model, the coupled TLP model has greater accuracy and a wider application range, and the effects of second-order wave force on the platform responses, horizontal offset, and vertical subsidence are analysed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How to calculate the 3D time-domain Green function and its gradients accurately and efficiently is the key to solving the hydrodynamic problem of ships. In this paper, the least square support vector machine (LS-SVM) theory was proposed for the first time to solve the ordinary differential equations (ODEs) satisfied by the time-domain Green function and the spatial derivatives in time domain. Furthermore, the computational advantages of the theory were discussed from three perspectives which were the accuracy, stability and rapidity of the calculation of the time-domain Green function. This approach was validated by comparing the obtained results with those of alternative methods which was found to effectively improve the accuracy and stability of calculation of the time-domain Green function and the spatial derivative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An automatic near-field precision measurement system was proposed in this article. The work was mainly focused on the hardware structure design of the near-field precision measurement system and the software development of the upper computer. At the same time, the electromagnetic field probes used in the system were selected and introduced. The near-field precision measurement system was composed of an upper computer control part, motion controller, power amplifier module, three-axes mechanical arms, spectrum analyzer, and near-field probes. Three-axes mechanical arm, multi-degree-of-freedom fixture, and electromagnetic field probe cooperate with each other for near-field measurement. The electromagnetic radiation emission of high-density integrated module and liquid crystal display (LCD)-printed circuit board (PCB) of laptop computer were measured. According to the measured data, the visual field distribution map was generated, and the measured results were analyzed. Compared with manual measurement method and commercial electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) scanners, the near-field precision measurement system has more accurate measurement results and can accurately locate the noise source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the collective behaviors of a large population of Stuart–Landau limit-cycle oscillators that coupled diffusively and equally with all of the others via the conjugate of the mean field, where the underlying interaction is shown to break the rotational symmetry of the coupled system. In the model, an ensemble of Stuart–Landau oscillators are in fact diffusively coupled via the mean field in the real parts, whereas additional repulsive links are present in the imaginary parts. All the oscillators are linked via the similar state variables, which distinctly differs from the conjugate coupling through dissimilar variables in the previous studies. We show that depending on the strength of coupling and the distribution of natural frequencies, the coupled system exhibits three qualitatively different types of collective stationary behaviors: amplitude death (AD), oscillation death (OD), and incoherent state. Our goal is to analytically characterize the onset of the above three typical macrostates by performing the rigorous linear stability analyses of the corresponding mean-field coupled system. We prove that AD is able to occur in the coupled system with identical frequencies, where the stable coupling interval of AD is found to be independent on the system's size N. When the natural frequencies are distributed according to a general density function, we obtain the analytic equations that govern the exact stability boundaries of AD, OD, and the incoherence for a coupled system in the thermodynamic limit N → ∞. All the theoretical predictions are well confirmed via numerical simulations of the coupled system with a specific Lorentzian frequency distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: AERD; asthma; atomization inhalation; CRSwNP; lung function; surgery EN AERD asthma atomization inhalation CRSwNP lung function surgery 880 882 3 05/17/22 20220601 NES 220601 Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is strongly associated with decreased lung function, which can increase the risk of surgery due to potential hyperresponsiveness and reduced airway reversibility, especially for those CRSwNP patients with accompanying asthma or aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD).1-3 However, it remains unclear how to best individualize preoperative intervention based on a CRSwNP patient's degree of decline in lung function. A higher percentage of patients in the AERD group had severe lung dysfunction than in the CRSwNP + asthma group (20.69% vs 4.82%, I p i = 0.028), with no such patients in the CRSwNP-alone group. After 3 days of atomization intervention, all patients in the CRSwNP-alone group (100%), 26 patients in the CRSwNP + asthma group (89.66%), and 17 patients in the AERD group (85.00%) achieved a normal level of lung function. [Extracted from the article]

A series of new dinuclear platinum(II) complexes with the general formula [Pt2(μ-HL)4] (1–4), where H2L is 4-[(5-chloro-2-hydroxy-benzylidene)-amino]-3-R-1,2,4-triazole-5-thione: R = H (1), methyl (2), ethyl (3) and propyl (4), were synthesized and characterized. The X-ray crystal structures of 2, 3 and 4 reveal that the two platinum atoms form a paddlewheel core with four chelating triazole ligands as bridges, revealing a radically different structure than those of the traditional anticancer platinum(II) complexes. These complexes show higher in vitro antiproliferative activity against human liver hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7) than human lung cancer (A549) and human normal hepatocyte (HL-7702) cell lines. In particular, 3 exhibits antiproliferative activity (IC50 = 5.5 μM) against HepG2 cells comparable to that of cisplatin. Different from the traditional anticancer platinum(II) complexes with high DNA affinity, 3 binds very weakly to DNA. Upon comparison, it exhibits potent inhibiting activity against protein tyrosine phosphatases 1B (PTP1B, IC50 = 16 μM) through possible binding to its active sites and its binding constant is 5.28 × 104 M−1. The results suggest that the antiproliferative mechanism of 3 against HepG2 cells may be different from that of cisplatin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We found that immunosuppressive monocytic-myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs) were more likely to be recruited by glioblastoma (GBM) through adhesion molecules on GBM-associated endothelial cells upregulated post-chemoradiotherapy. These cells are continuously generated during tumor progression, entering tumors and expressing PD-L1 at a high level, allowing GBM to exhaust T cells and evade attack from the immune system, thereby facilitating GBM relapse. αLy-6C-LAMP is composed of (i) drug cores with slightly negative charges condensed by cationic protamine and plasmids encoding PD-L1 trap protein, (ii) pre-formulated cationic liposomes targeted to Ly-6C for encapsulating the drug cores, and (iii) a layer of red blood cell membrane on the surface for effectuating long-circulation. αLy-6C-LAMP persistently targets peripheral, especially splenic, M-MDSCs and delivers secretory PD-L1 trap plasmids, leveraging M-MDSCs to transport the plasmids crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB), thus expressing PD-L1 trap protein in tumors to inhibit PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. Our proposed drug delivery strategy involving intermediaries presents an efficient cross-BBB drug delivery concept that incorporates live-cell targeting and long-circulating nanotechnology to address GBM recurrence. [Display omitted] • Recurrence is inevitable after conventional treatment of glioblastoma. • Glioblastoma promotes MDSC recruitment by upregulating endothelial cell adhesion factors after chemoradiotherapy. • Recruitment of M-MDSCs after chemoradiotherapy results in long-term retention and promotes tumor survival and recurrence. • Long-circulating M-MDSCs-targeted drug delivery system enables trans-BBB drug delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conductive loss, Reflection & Polarization, Magnetic resonance, Eddy current loss endow excellent performance of ZnO/ZnCo 2 O 4 composites. • ZnO/ZnCo 2 O 4 composites have excellent microwave absorption performance. • The addition of ZnO helps to improve the dielectric performance, realizes the effective synergy of magnetic loss and dielectric loss. • The combination of 3D multilayer ZnCo 2 O 4 and ZnO hollow spheres complicates the mechanism of action, which is discussed in depth in the article. Reasonable structure and composition are essential for electromagnetic wave absorption (EMW). Herein, ZnO hollow spheres were prepared with carbon spheres as templates and then synthesized ZnO/ZnCo 2 O 4 composites by the solvothermal method and annealing treatment. The flower-like ZnCo 2 O 4 material was produced by self-assembly of ZnCo 2 O 4 nanosheets. The absorbing material with the complex structure has multiple scattering and reflection, conduction loss, resonance, and eddy current loss characteristics. Furthermore, the addition of ZnO hollow spheres has a significant impact on electromagnetic parameters and absorption properties. As a result, the addition of ZnO hollow spheres can greatly enhance the complex permittivity of the ZnO/ZnCo 2 O 4 composites and obtain excellent EMW absorbing properties. It is worth noting that ZnO/ZnCo 2 O 4 composites show the best EMW absorption properties when the ZnO hollow spheres were added up to 5 mg. The minimum reflection loss is −55.42 dB and a matching thickness of 1.99 mm while the maximum effective absorption bandwidth can also reach 7.44 GHz with a matching thickness of 2.4 mm. Our research can prove that the structure and composition have a significant influence on the properties of the absorbing material, which provides ideas for the development of absorbing materials with high-performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The robustness of complex networks responding to attacks has long been the focus of network science researching. Nonetheless, the precious studies mostly focus on network performance when facing malicious attacks and random failures while rarely pay attention to the influences of scales of attacking. It is wondering if it is an actual fact that the network is more fragile when attacking scale is exacerbated. In this paper, we are committed to exploring the influences related to the very factor of attacking scale from the perspective of cascading failure problem of dynamic network theory. We construct the model with a regular ranking edge deletion method by simulating attacking scale with N a and a is denoted as attacked edge number. To be specific, we rank the edges according to initial distributed loads and delete edges in the ranked list, and subsequently observe the changes of robustness in the networks, including BA scale-free network, WS small-world network and several real traffic networks. During the process, an unusual counterintuitive phenomenon captures our attention that the network damages caused by attacks do not always grow with the increase of attacked edges number. We specifically demonstrate and analyze this abnormal cascading propagation phenomenon, ascribing this paradox to the dynamics of the load and the connections of the network structure. Our work may offer a new angle on better controlling the spread of cascading failure and remind the importance of effectively protecting networks from underlying dangers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the expression for the SNR has been developed through the imaging model. It is concluded that the image SNR decreases with the increase of the number of light-emitting points of the target under the same hardware conditions and experimental parameters. Using uniform bright squares of different sizes as the target, the SNR of the reconstructed image is calculated. Simulation and prototype experiments have proved the correctness of the conclusion. Based on this conclusion, a method of segmented area imaging is proposed to improve the reconstructed image quality. The quality of all the images using this method with Wiener inverse filtering, R-Lucy deconvolution, and ADMM is better than the image quality obtained by full-area imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]