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A domestic cloud simulation software platform named CloudLPS(Cloud-Based Liquid Pipeline Simulator) with complete independent intellectual property rights is developed, aiming to eliminate the long-term reliance on foreign commercial simulation softwares for liquid pipeline simulation. The platform is built on a B/S cloud architecture and is designed with the goals of accuracy, speed, simple interfaces, and convenient interaction. In terms of models, in addition to conventional flow and heat transfer models, CloudLPS also introduces the advanced mathematical models such as the non-Newtonian fluid model and the cross-dimensional thermal model, which enables the software to have the capability of hydraulic and thermal simulations for condensable and high-viscosity crude oil pipelines. Furthermore, the software also introduces some efficient simulation methods,such as adaptive mesh, dynamic mesh, divide and conquer, and heterogeneous parallelization, to facilitate the rapid calculation of large and complex pipe network system. In terms of functionality, it primarily offers users a variety of business and composite business function support to crude oil and refined oil pipeline networks, such as steady-state and unsteady-state simulations of pipeline network system, logic control, water hammer analysis,batch tracking, shutdown and restart, energy consumption optimization, and more. Additionally, the software provides a user-friendly visual modeling and result data display and analysis environment. CloudLPS serves as a fundamental software tool that plays a supportive role in various aspects of pipeline network system, such as planning and designing, operation scheduling, risk decision-making, and other business scenarios. Its application holds significant importance in ensuring the safe and economic operation of liquid pipelines in China.

To accelerate the pace of realizing carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, it is increasingly urgent to optimize the energy consumption of crude oil pipeline system, which is an important part of energy system. Therefore,a universal optimization model of energy consumption for swarm intelligence optimization was proposed based on the combination of pipeline simulation and penalty factor. In this way, the intelligent optimization process was realized to make the unreasonable schemes become reasonable, and the reasonable schemes to be optimal. Specifically, comparison was made for several swarm intelligence optimization algorithms that were widely applied based on RizhaoYizheng Crude Oil Pipeline System. In terms of the energy consumption optimization of crude oil pipeline system,the differential evolution algorithm was found to be capable of providing more stable and better energy consumption,thus having a better effect of energy consumption. Further, good optimization effect was obtained by applying the new optimization model of energy consumption and the differential evolution algorithm to several actual crude oil pipelines with different characteristics, including Yizheng-Changling Pipeline, Yizheng-Changling Double Pipeline and Dongying-Linyi Double Pipeline. It is indicated that the proposed optimization method is of great universality.Thus, the research results could provide technical support for the energy saving and consumption reduction of crude oil pipeline systems.

To analyze the effect of gentamicin in the irrigating solution on endophthalmitis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis after phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. Fifteen rabbits were randomly assigned into three groups. During surgery, group A was irrigated with gentamicin-free solution and injected with 100 μL of normal saline postoperatively, group B was irrigated with 80 μg/mL gentamicin and injected with 100 μl of MRSE suspension, group C was irrigated with gentamicin-free solution and injected with 100 μl of MRSE suspension. At different times, corneal endothelial cell count (CEC), inflammation grading，B-scan ultrasonography and histological examination were analyzed. No endophthalmitis occurred in groups A and B. Group C developed severe endophthalmitis, with massive inflammatory exudation in the vitreous cavity. Irrigating solution containing gentamicin is favorable to reduce the incidence of MRSE endophthalmitis after phacoemulsification with IOL in rabbits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cities are complex systems influenced by a multitude of factors, encompassing society, economy, culture, and environment. These factors make urban development highly vulnerable to various disturbances. Communities work as the fundamental building blocks of a city and directly impact both its social structure and spatial layout. Moreover, urban planning and policies play a crucial role in shaping the development trajectory of communities and the living environment for residents. This study aims to develop a Bayesian and analytic hierarchy process (BAHP)-based multilevel community resilience evaluation method to assess the ability of the community system to withstand disturbances and recover from them. First, the proposed method establishes a comprehensive assessment index system that can evaluate social and environmental resilience as well as institutional and managerial resilience at multiple levels. This system serves as a quantitative decision-making tool to elucidate the impact of various factors on community resilience. Furthermore, the "relative demand coefficient" (RDC) is proposed to compare different communities' resilience by using Bayesian inference to determine its most probable value (MPV). To validate the applicability of the proposed method, an empirical study was conducted in the Dafapu community located in the Longgang District of Shenzhen. Meanwhile, a simulated virtual community is employed for comparison with the Dafapu community as an illustrative example showcasing the proposed method's superior performance after integrating the RDC. The empirical study demonstrates that the proposed BAHP-based method can effectively and quantitatively highlight the recovery capabilities and limitations for different communities in various dimensions while providing a clear direction for enhancing urban community resilience. This research contributes new insights to the theory, provides a practical tool to quantify community resilience, and offers a viable path for the actual enhancement of community resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In agriculture, soil-borne fungal pathogens, especially Fusarium oxysporum strains, are posing a serious threat to efforts to achieve global food security. In the search for safer agrochemicals, silica nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) have recently been proposed as a new tool to alleviate pathogen damage including Fusarium wilt. Hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSNs), a unique class of SiO2NPs, have been widely accepted as desirable carriers for pesticides. However, their roles in enhancing disease resistance in plants and the specific mechanism remain unknown. In this study, three sizes of HMSNs (19, 96, and 406 nm as HMSNs-19, HMSNs-96, and HMSNs-406, respectively) were synthesized and characterized to determine their effects on seed germination, seedling growth, and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli (FOP) suppression. The three HMSNs exhibited no side effects on cowpea seed germination and seedling growth at concentrations ranging from 100 to 1500 mg/L. The inhibitory effects of the three HMSNs on FOP mycelial growth were very weak, showing inhibition ratios of less than 20% even at 2000 mg/L. Foliar application of HMSNs, however, was demonstrated to reduce the FOP severity in cowpea roots in a size- and concentration-dependent manner. The three HMSNs at a low concentration of 100 mg/L, as well as HMSNs-19 at a high concentration of 1000 mg/L, were observed to have little effect on alleviating the disease incidence. HMSNs-406 were most effective at a concentration of 1000 mg/L, showing an up to 40.00% decline in the disease severity with significant growth-promoting effects on cowpea plants. Moreover, foliar application of HMSNs-406 (1000 mg/L) increased the salicylic acid (SA) content in cowpea roots by 4.3-fold, as well as the expression levels of SA marker genes of PR-1 (by 1.97-fold) and PR-5 (by 9.38-fold), and its receptor gene of NPR-1 (by 1.62-fold), as compared with the FOP infected control plants. Meanwhile, another resistance-related gene of PAL was also upregulated by 8.54-fold. Three defense-responsive enzymes of POD, PAL, and PPO were also involved in the HMSNs-enhanced disease resistance in cowpea roots, with varying degrees of reduction in activity. These results provide substantial evidence that HMSNs exert their Fusarium wilt suppression in cowpea plants by activating SA-dependent SAR (systemic acquired resistance) responses rather than directly suppressing FOP growth. Overall, for the first time, our results indicate a new role of HMSNs as a potent resistance inducer to serve as a low-cost, highly efficient, safe and sustainable alternative for plant disease protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]