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30. Hop, Skip, & Jump

Author

Wang, Kunshan, primary, Blackburn, Stephen M., additional, Hosking, Antony L., additional, and Norrish, Michael, additional

Published
2018
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31. Major element, trace element, and Sr, Nd and Pb isotope studies of Cenozoic basalts from the South China Sea

Author

Xiao Long, Shi Xuefa, Wang Kunshan, BU Wenrui, and Yan Quanshu

Subjects
Basalt, Petrography, Alkali basalt, Trace element, Partial melting, Geochemistry, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Magma chamber, Geology, Mantle plume, Mantle (geology)
Abstract

The whole rock K-Ar ages of basalts from the South China Sea basin vary from 3.8 to 7.9 Ma, which suggest that intra-plate volcanism after the cessation of spreading of the South China Sea (SCS) is comparable to that in adjacent regions around the SCS, i.e., Leiqiong Peninsula, northern margin of the SCS, Indochina block, and so on. Based on detailed petrographic studies, we selected many fresh basaltic rocks and measured their major element, trace element, and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope compositions. Geochemical characteristics of major element and trace element show that these basaltic rocks belong to alkali basalt magma series, and are similar to OIB-type basalt. The extent of partial melting of mantle rock in source region is very low, and magma may experience crystallization differentiation and cumulation during the ascent to or storing in the high-level magma chamber. Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic data of these basaltic rocks imply an inhomogeneous mantle below the South China Sea. The nature of magma origin has a two end-member mixing model, one is EM2 (Enriched Mantle 2) which may be originated from mantle plume, the other is DMM (Depleted MORB Mantle). Pb isotopic characteristics show the Dupal anomaly in the South China Sea, and combined with newly found Dupal anomaly at Gakkel ridge in Arctic Ocean, this implies that Dupal anomaly is not only limited to South Hemisphere. In variation diagrams among Sr, Nd and Pb, the origin nature of mantle below the SCS is similar to those below Leiqiong peninsula, northern margin of the SCS and Indochina peninsula, and is different from those below north and northeast China. This study provides geochemical constraints on Hainan mantle plume.

Published
2008

34. Draining the Swamp: Micro Virtual Machines as Solid Foundation for Language Development

Author

Wang, Kunshan, Lin, Yi, Blackburn, Stephen M., Norrish, Michael, and Hosking, Antony L.

Subjects
000 Computer science, knowledge, general works, Computer Science
Abstract

Many of today's programming languages are broken. Poor performance, lack of features and hard-to-reason-about semantics can cost dearly in software maintenance and inefficient execution. The problem is only getting worse with programming languages proliferating and hardware becoming more complicated. An important reason for this brokenness is that much of language design is implementation-driven. The difficulties in implementation and insufficient understanding of concepts bake bad designs into the language itself. Concurrency, architectural details and garbage collection are three fundamental concerns that contribute much to the complexities of implementing managed languages. We propose the micro virtual machine, a thin abstraction designed specifically to relieve implementers of managed languages of the most fundamental implementation challenges that currently impede good design. The micro virtual machine targets abstractions over memory (garbage collection), architecture (compiler backend), and concurrency. We motivate the micro virtual machine and give an account of the design and initial experience of a concrete instance, which we call Mu, built over a two year period. Our goal is to remove an important barrier to performant and semantically sound managed language design and implementation.

Published
2015
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42. Characteristics of heavy minerals and grain size of surface sediments on the continental shelf of Prydz Bay: implications for sediment provenance.

Author

Wang, Haozhuang, Chen, Zhihua, Wang, Kunshan, Liu, Helin, Tang, Zheng, and Huang, Yuanhui

Subjects
HEAVY minerals, GRAIN size, SEDIMENTS, PROVENANCE (Geology)
Abstract

Data on grain size and heavy mineral composition for surface sediments on the Prydz Bay continental shelf was analysed to identify sediment features and provenance. The grain size composition of surface sediments indicate spatial variations in the glaciomarine environment and the key factors influencing sedimentation, which on the shelf include topography/water depth, currents and icebergs. The study area was divided into two sections by Q-type factor analysis: section I included Prydz Channel, Amery Basin and Svenner Channel, and section II included Four Ladies Bank, Fram Bank and the area in front of the Amery Ice Shelf. Sedimentation in section I is mainly controlled by currents and topography/water depth. However, in section II, icebergs/floating ice masses, the Amery Ice Shelf and currents have prominent effects on sedimentation. The heavy mineral composition indicates that surface sediments on the eastern side of the bay, including Four Ladies Bank, are primarily derived from Princess Elizabeth Land. Sediments in the area in front of the Amery Ice Shelf, Svenner Channel, Amery Basin and Prydz Channel have a mixed source from the eastern regions around the bay, including the Prince Charles Mountains and Princess Elizabeth Land. The contribution from Mac. Robertson Land to sediment at Fram Bank is limited. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2016
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48. Benthic foraminiferal δC minimum events in the southeastern Okhotsk Sea over the last 180 ka.

Author

Wu, Yonghua, Shi, Xuefa, Zou, Jianjun, Cheng, Zhenbo, Wang, Kunshan, Ge, Shulan, and Shi, Fengdeng

Subjects
FORAMINIFERA, OCEAN, STABLE isotopes, CARBON isotopes, OXYGEN isotopes, WATER
Abstract

A total of six δC minimum events, i.e., VI, V, IV, III, II, and I, were observed via a stable carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of infaunal benthic foraminifera Uvigerina spp. in gravity core OS03-1 in the southeastern Okhotsk Sea over the last 180 ka. These events occurred at 112-109, 102-90, 85-76, 57-54, 44-40, and 17-10 ka BP. The largest negative excursions reached 2.5 ‰ in event V and were greater than 1 ‰ in the other events. We proposed that all δC minimum events were caused by the increase in sea surface water productivity, the weakened formation of Okhotsk Sea intermediate water, and the enhancement of the oxygen minimum zone. The negative excursions were unaffected by methane hydrate destabilization and subsequent methane release based on the results obtained by using archaeal lipid markers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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49. Growth ages of ferromanganese crusts from the western and central Pacific: Comparison between nannofossil analysis and 10Be dating.

Author

Cheng Zhenbo, Shi Xuefa, Wu Yonghua, Su Xin, Li Xiaoyan, Wang Kunshan, Yang Yongliang, Ge Shulan, Ju Xiaohua, Shi Fengdeng, and Hiroyuki, M.

Subjects
NANNOFOSSILS, FERROMANGANESE, MIOCENE stratigraphic geology, ARCHAEOLOGICAL dating
Abstract

Based on results of nannofossil analysis and 10Be dating in ferromanganese crusts M1-1 and A1-1 (no nannofossils were found in it), from the western and central Pacific respectively, it is found that the crust growth ages from nannofossil biostratigraphy agree well with those based on 10Be isotope analysis. Both crusts have three growth layers, and the oldest layer was deposited in Miocene at about 12.80 Ma. The maximum, minimum, and average growth rates of crust A1-1 (from the central Pacific) are 8.11, 1.92 and 3.47 mm/Ma, and those of crust M1-1 (from the western Pacific) are 2.93, 0.47, and 0.94 mm/Ma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006
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