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In this study, the total flavonoid composition and bioactivity of finger millet was analyzed. Eleusine coracana flavonoids (ECFs) were obtained through sequential 70% ethanol extraction, ethyl acetate extraction, and purification with D101 macroporous resin. The total flavonoid content was determined using the NaNO2-Al(NO3)3-NaOH colorimetric method, and the flavonoid composition using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The in vitro antioxidant activity of ECFs was evaluated using chemical assays, and the anti-aging activity using C. elegans as a model organism. The results demonstrated that the total flavonoid content of ECFs was 82.6%, with 16 major components being identified, including flavonoid glycosides and catechin. In vitro antioxidant tests showed that ECFs exhibited half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 45.34 and 22.75 μg/mL against 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) cation radicals, respectively, with the IC50 against ABTS cation radicals being lower than that of the positive control vitamin E (29.25 μg/mL). At a concentration of 200 μg/mL, ECFs increased catalase activity in C. elegans by 53.98%, superoxide dismutase activity by 30.64%, and glutathione levels by 51.06%, while decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) content by 11.82%. ECFs extended the lifespan of C. elegans by 17.86%, and improved its mobility compared to the control group, indicating improved vitality. ECFs had no significant effect on C. elegans fecundity suggesting no promoting effect on its reproductive function. Additionally, ECFs reduced the level of lipofuscin by 53.91%. These findings demonstrated that ECFs had significant antioxidant effects both in vitro and in vivo as well as remarkable anti-aging activity in C. elegans, which could provide a foundation for the functional application of finger millet.

Objective: To explore the hypolipidemic activity and toxic side effect of lansiumamide B (LB) from chicken-heart shaped wampee (Clausena lansium) seeds in C57BL/6J mice fed on a high-fat-diet (HFD) model. Methods: The no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of LB in mice was assessed by oral acute toxicity test. HFD-fed mice were intragastrically administered with LB at 1/100, 1/50 and 1/25 NOAEL for 4 weeks. To evaluate the lipid-lowering activity of LB, body mass, serum lipids, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress indicators were measured. Results: The NOAEL of LB was 2 g/kg mb. LB significantly reduced body mass in HFD-fed mice. Compared with the HFD model group, body mass decreased by 15.51% and Lee’s index declined by 3.25% in the high-dose LB group; the concentration of high-density lipid-cholesterol (HDL-C) increased by 38.04%, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) in the serum increased by 41.86%, 41.95%, and 105.50%, respectively. Conclusion: LB within the NOAEL range has significant lipid-lowering activity in mice without obvious toxicity.

Utilization of the body's regenerative potential for tissue repair is known as in situ tissue regeneration. However, the use of exogenous growth factors requires delicate control of the dose and delivery strategies and may be accompanied by safety, efficacy and cost concerns. In this study, we developed, for the first time, a biomaterial-based strategy to activate endogenous transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) under alkaline conditions for effective in situ tissue regeneration. We demonstrated that alkaline-activated TGFβ1 from blood serum, bone marrow fluids and soaking solutions of meniscus and tooth dentin was capable of increasing cell recruitment and early differentiation, implying its broad practicability. Furthermore, we engineered an injectable hydrogel (MS-Gel) consisting of gelatin microspheres for loading strong alkaline substances and a modified gelatin matrix for hydrogel click crosslinking. In vitro models showed that alkaline MS-Gel controllably and sustainably activated endogenous TGFβ1 from tooth dentin for robust bone marrow stem cell migration. More importantly, infusion of in vivo porcine prepared root canals with alkaline MS-Gel promoted significant pulp-dentin regeneration with neurovascular stroma and mineralized tissue by endogenous proliferative cells. Therefore, this work offers a new bench-to-beside translation strategy using biomaterial-activated endogenous biomolecules to achieve in situ tissue regeneration without the need for cell or protein delivery.

This paper summarized the structured nursing plan for 54 patients with moisture-associated skin damage caused by ileostomy stoma chassis leakage. Based on the cause analysis of stoma chassis leakage, comprehensive nursing measures were carried out including preventive measures for skin damage, selecting ostomy products according to the evaluation of skin condition, evaluation of self-care ability, structured skin care nursing of moisture-associated skin damage, health education by ‘317 Nursing App’ and education pathway, regular follow-up. The comprehensive nursing interventions were carried out to improve the wound healing and prevention the moisture-associated skin damage. (本文总结54例回肠造口患者发生造口底盘渗漏导致造口周围潮湿相关性皮肤损伤的护理经验。护士评估造口底盘渗漏发生的原因, 进行皮肤预防性护理, 科学评估造口周围身体形态选择合适的造口产品, 评估护理角色维护造口的能力, 开展皮肤结构化护理, 并结合“317护APP及”专科造口路径化教育进行健康宣教, 做好定期跟踪, 通过全面的护理, 促进损伤皮肤的恢复, 并进一步预防相关性皮肤损伤的发生。)

Cells are transplanted to regenerate an organs' parenchyma, but how transplanted parenchymal cells induce stromal regeneration is elusive. Despite the common use of a decellularized matrix, little is known as to the pivotal signals that must be restored for tissue or organ regeneration. We report that Alx3, a developmentally important gene, orchestrated adult parenchymal and stromal regeneration by directly transactivating Wnt3a and vascular endothelial growth factor. In contrast to the modest parenchyma formed by native adult progenitors, Alx3-restored cells in decellularized scaffolds not only produced vascularized stroma that involved vascular endothelial growth factor signalling, but also parenchymal dentin via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In an orthotopic large-animal model following parenchyma and stroma ablation, Wnt3a-recruited endogenous cells regenerated neurovascular stroma and differentiated into parenchymal odontoblast-like cells that extended the processes into newly formed dentin with a structure-mechanical equivalency to native dentin. Thus, the Alx3-Wnt3a axis enables postnatal progenitors with a modest innate regenerative capacity to regenerate adult tissues. Depleted signals in the decellularized matrix may be reinstated by a developmentally pivotal gene or corresponding protein.

A number of hardware‐based and software‐based strategies have been suggested to eliminate motion artifacts for improvement of 3D‐optical coherence tomography (OCT) image quality. However, the hardware‐based strategies have to employ additional hardware to record motion compensation information. Many software‐based strategies have to need additional scanning for motion correction at the expense of longer acquisition time. To address this issue, we propose a motion artifacts correction and motion estimation method for OCT volumetric imaging of anterior segment, without requirements of additional hardware and redundant scanning. The motion correction effect with subpixel accuracy for in vivo 3D‐OCT has been demonstrated in experiments. Moreover, the physiological information of imaging object, including respiratory curve and respiratory rate, has been experimentally extracted using the proposed method. The proposed method offers a powerful tool for scientific research and clinical diagnosis in ophthalmology and may be further extended for other biomedical volumetric imaging applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains challenging. Treatment outcome is influenced by multiple factors; the specific roles of diabetes and glycemic control remain uncertain. This study aims to assess the impact of glycemic control on drug exposure, to investigate the association between drug exposure and treatment outcomes, and to identify clinically significant thresholds predictive of treatment outcome, among patients with diabetes. Methods This multicenter prospective cohort study involved patients with confirmed MDR-TB and diabetes. Drug exposure level was estimated by noncompartmental analysis. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined for the individual Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. The influence of poor glycemic control (glycated hemoglobin ≥7%) on drug exposure and the associations between drug exposure and treatment outcome were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis. Classification and regression tree analysis was used to identify the drug exposure/susceptibility thresholds. Results Among the 131 diabetic participants, 43 (32.8%) exhibited poor glycemic control. Poor glycemic control was independently associated with decreased exposure to moxifloxacin, linezolid, bedaquiline, and cycloserine, but not clofazimine. Additionally, a higher ratio of drug exposure to susceptibility was found to be associated with a favorable MDR-TB treatment outcome. Thresholds predictive of 6-month culture conversion and favorable outcome were bedaquiline area under the concentration–time curve (AUC)/MIC ≥245 and moxifloxacin AUC/MIC ≥67, demonstrating predictive accuracy in patients, regardless of their glycemic control status. Conclusions Glycemic control and optimal TB drug exposure are associated with improved treatment outcomes. This dual management strategy should be further validated in randomized controlled trials of patients with MDR-TB and diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]