Search

Spent LiFePO4 batteries are gradually increasing in popularity and interest, and their stable and insoluble olive-shaped structure poses a great challenge for the sustainable recycling of Li. In this study, a simple and sustainable Ca(ClO)2 system was proposed for the recovery of spent LiFePO4 battery cathode materials. The effects of both mechanochemical activation and hydrometallurgical enhanced leaching on the deconstruction of LiFePO4 and the leaching rates of Li and Fe in the Ca(ClO)2 system were studied. Compared with mechanochemical activation, Ca(ClO)2-assisted hydrometallurgical enhanced leaching can simultaneously achieve the separation and enrichment of the target components Li+ and Fe3+ and the Ca2+ impurities. The transformation path and reaction mechanism of LiFePO4 in the Ca(ClO)2 system were proposed based on the phase composition and micromorphology of the reaction products. In addition, the economic evaluation results show that Ca(ClO)2-assisted hydrometallurgical enhanced leaching has a high recovery economy. The developed Ca(ClO)2 system realizes the strong dissolution of spent LiFePO4 battery cathode materials and the sustainable comprehensive recovery of valuable components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: At present, rice wine has the characteristics of fast fermentation, energy saving, and simple production due to the addition of commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, this kind of fermented rice wine has the disadvantages of single flavor and weak taste. To address this concern, the combination of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and non‐Saccharomyces yeast has been identified as an effective approach to enhance the quality of fermented rice wine. This research aims to further enhance the ethyl ester and higher alcohol components of rice wine by utilizing the co‐fermentation method of high‐yield ester Zygosaccharomyces rouxii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, thereby increasing the aroma complexity of rice wine. Results: According to the fermentation performance and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis, it was found that S. cerevisiae GJM and Z. rouxii SC01 have a strong metabolic ability for glucose and sucrose. Furthermore, the crucial alcohols such as isobutanol, isoamyl alcohol, and phenylethyl alcohol increased by 85%, 29%, and 138%, respectively, when compared to single S. cerevisiae GJM. Additionally, the ethyl acetate and phenylethylene acetate were increased by 1.35 and 1.45 times, respectively, when compared to single S. cerevisiae GJM. These findings were comparable with the results of sensory evaluation and electronic nose analysis, where the fruit flavor score and the content of mellow substances were found to be higher. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the co‐fermentation of S. cerevisiae and high‐yield ester Z. rouxii has the potential to enhance the quality and diversity of aroma in liquid rice wine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This systematic review summarized the rehabilitation recommendations for treating and managing knee osteoarthritis (OA) in practice guidelines and evaluated their applicability and quality using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument. Data Sources: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CINAHL, PEDro, Guideline central, Guideline International Network and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) were used to search for relevant studies published between 1 January 2008 and 31 May 2022. Methods: AGREE II was used to evaluate the included guidelines quality, SPSS 25.0 statistical software was used for data analysis, and the intra-group correlation coefficient value was calculated to verify the consistency between the raters. The two-way random effects model was used to calculate concordance scores, and each domain's total scores were calculated. Additionally, the median and interquartile range for domain and total scores were calculated. Results: Twenty-four guidelines recommending knee OA rehabilitation were included. Inter-rater consistency evaluation ranged from 0.62 to 0.90. The domains where the guideline's overall and rehabilitation parts scored highest and lowest were scope and purpose (domain 1) and applicability (domain 5), respectively. The highly recommended rehabilitation opinions included aerobic exercise programs (21/24), weight control (16/24), self-education and management (16/24), gait/walking aids (7/24), and tai chi (6/24). However, the orthopedic insole and hot/cold therapy roles remain controversial. Conclusion: The clinical practice guidelines' overall quality for knee OA rehabilitation is good; however, the applicability is slightly poor. Therefore, we should improve the promoting factors and hindering factors, guideline application recommendations, tools, and resources when developing relevant guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]