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The double evolutional artificial bee colony algorithm (DEABC) is proposed for solving the single depot multiple traveling salesman problem (MTSP). The proposed DEABC algorithm, which takes advantage of the strength of the upgraded operators, is characterized by its guidance in exploitation search and diversity in exploration search. The double evolutional process for exploitation search is composed of two phases of half stochastic optimal search, and the diversity generating operator for exploration search is used for solutions which cannot be improved after limited times. The computational results demonstrated the superiority of our algorithm over previous state-of-the-art methods.

The Meishan iron oxide–apatite deposit is located in the Ningwu volcanic basin in eastern China. The deposit comprises massive and brecciated ores in the main orebody, located at the contact between a gabbro–diorite porphyry and biotite–pyroxene andesites, and sub‐economic stockwork and disseminated ores. Among the four stages of alteration and mineralization, apatite coexists with magnetite, andradite, and quartz in massive magnetite ore and occurs in disseminated magnetite ore, coexisting with magnetite, siderite (after diopside), and quartz for Stage 2 iron mineralization. Apatite is also present in the altered gabbro–diorite porphyry. The apatites from the massive and disseminated magnetite–apatite ores are fluor‐ and hydroxyl‐ variety. Those from the altered gabbro–diorite porphyry show extensive solid solution between the hydroxyl‐apatite, fluor‐apatite, and chlor‐apatite end members. The apatites at Meishan record oxidized states during formation of the mineral deposit. The SO3 contents of apatite in the Meishan deposit mostly vary from 0.4 to 1.2 wt%, with the highest value of 4.97 wt%. MnO contents in apatites from our study are less than 0.17 wt%, and most values are below detection limit, indicating that the apatite formed in a high ƒO2 magmatic–hydrothermal fluid. The strong Eu depletion in apatites at Meishan resulted from the fractionation of plagioclase. The gabbro–diorite porphyry, magnetite, and apatite show similar LREE‐enriched patterns with significant negative Eu anomalies for apatite and magnetite, and no Eu anomaly for the gabbro–diorite porphyry. The gabbro–diorite porphyry and Stage 2 apatite associated with iron mineralization have also similar primitive mantle‐normalized trace element patterns, suggesting that the mineralization was related to gabbro–diorite porphyry. The REE pattern with significant negative Eu anomalies in apatite from the Meishan deposit is comparable with that of other Kiruna‐type deposits elsewhere in the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To understand the status and influential factors of those neglect of left-behind children in rural area, and to provide bases for the development of intervention measures., Methods: 2917 students were selected as the study subjects from Changfeng county of Anhui province with cluster sampling method and were evaluated by a Parents-Child Conflict Tactics Scales and questionnaire on influential factors., Results: 1694 left-behind children, accounted for 58.1% of the total students, were surveyed in this investigation. The prevalence rates of neglect, among total children, left-behind children, non-left-behind children were 67.4%, 70.2%, 63.5%, respectively. The prevalence of neglect among left-behind children was higher than that among non-left-behind children (χ(2) = 14.322, P < 0.000). There were no significant associations with the neglect rate of left-behind children regarding gender or age differences. Result from multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the neglect among the left-behind children were associated with family dysfunction (OR values of moderate and serious family dysfunctions compared to good family function were 1.628 and 2.341, respectively) and the rate of keeping in touch with parents (OR values of sometimes and seldom keeping in touch compared to regular in touch were 1.299 and 1.844, respectively). The starting age of being left-behind (OR values of starting age that being left-behind from 6 to 10 and ≤ 5 years relative to starting age of left-behind ≥ 11 years were 0.703 and 0.630, respectively) appeared to be the protection factor to the neglect of those left-behind children., Conclusion: Our findings indicated that the status of neglect among the left-behind children was serious. Prevention programs on the issue should target on a number of factors, including the characteristics of the children them-selves, as well as on the family of the children.

Objective: To describe the current epidemiological characteristics of injuries among primary and middle school students in one rural area of Anhui province and to explore the relationship between the ways of coping and related injuries., Methods: Through cluster sampling methods, all students from 3 to 9 grades in 5 primary schools and 3 middle schools in Changfeng county of Anhui province were investigated with questionnaire. All participants completed an anonymous questionnaire concerning their experiences with injuries during the 12 months preceding the survey. The ways of coping to injuries were evaluated by Trait Coping Style Questionnaire. Factors associated with injuries were identified using a negative binomial regression analysis., Results: Of 2917 students, the annual event-based rate of injuries was 17.4 per 100 students. Positive coping score had no significant differences between the injury and non-injury groups (33.98 ± 6.38 vs. 33.66 ± 6.37) (t = 0.979, P = 0.328). The score of negative coping style was higher in injury group than in non-injury group (27.65 ± 7.79 vs. 26.54 ± 7.62) (t = 2.775, P = 0.006). Statistically, the annual injury rates were significantly different in three groups on their negative styles of coping (χ(2) = 6.131, P = 0.013). Data from the multivariable negative binomial regression analysis, after adjusted for demographic characteristics, showed no significant difference on the relationship between positive coping style and injury incidence. Those with moderate negative style of coping had lower risks compared to those with highly negative one (IRR = 0.77, 95%CI: 0.63 - 0.94)., Conclusion: Negative ways of coping was an important risk factor for injuries. Data from our research suggested that psychological preventive measure need to be taken to improve the style of coping. It was also important to promote the related personality development in planning the strategies for future prevention on injuries.

Objective: To investigate the clinical features, radiology, diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary cryptococcosis., Methods: A total of 38 cases of pulmonary cryptococcosis, confirmed by pathological examinations at Fuzhou General Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University from March 2003 to February 2010, were retrospectively studied., Results: All of the cases were community-acquired. The patients consisted of 29 males and 9 females, aged from 21 to 70 years. There were no underlying diseases in 29 cases. The CD(4) cell numbers were normal in 20 patients. Radiological study showed that the majority of the lesions (35 cases) were close to the pleura. Lower lungs were often involved (left 21 and right 23). Pulmonary nodules, either solitary nodules (11 cases) or multiple nodules (16 cases), were the most common CT finding. The lesions had a higher standardized uptake value (SUV) in 4 patients with a PET-CT scan. The lung specimens of 33 cases were obtained by CT guided transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy. The disease was cured in 34 cases, and improved in 3 cases, but 1 died., Conclusions: Pulmonary cryptococcosis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of lesions of the lungs. The disease has some characteristics on radiology, such as multiple lesions, always close to the pleura and occurs frequently in the lower lungs. CT guided percutaneous biopsy is a safe and effective method for diagnosis.