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According to numerous studies, various parts processed by machine tools usually have multiple-quality characteristics at the same time. Moreover, the process capability index is a handy and useful tool for assessing various quality characteristics. In order to assist downstream customers in evaluating their process capabilities, achieve the effect of integrating the production data of the machine tool industry chain, advance the process quality of products, and reduce rework and scrap, we constructed a shared decision-making model of production data management for multi-quality characteristic products on the cloud platform in consideration of Industry 4.0. This model not only can help downstream customers improve the process for quality characteristics with insufficient process precision or accuracy to figure out the optimum machine parameter setting but also can build a better system of repairs and maintenance. At the same time, all downstream customers' improvement experiences can be gathered to form a knowledge database for improvements and provided to the machine tool industry to set up a complete mechanism of supplier selection, or they can be regarded as a reference for designing superior key components of machine tools, thereby enhancing the product value and industrial competitiveness of machine tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]