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The viscosity characteristic is an important factor affecting the holding rate of the meal-assisting instrument. The effects of shear rheological properties, thixotropy, and pasting properties of xanthan gum (XG), guar gum (GG), and thorn bean gum (TBG) in deionized water, berry juice (BJ), and nut lotus root starch (NLRS) were investigated using a rotational viscometer and a water bath, respectively. The results indicated that all samples exhibited non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior, the flow behavior index (n) was less than 0.5 indicating strong pseudoplasticity, the consistency index (K) decreased sequentially from TBG, GG, to XG, and there was a significant difference between yield stress and concentration (P < 0.05). The hysteresis loop area (∆S) decreases sequentially from NLRS, BJ, to DIW, and the activation energy (Ea{E}_{{\rm{a}}}) decreases significantly with the increase in concentration (P < 0.05). This study has a reference value for improving the holding rate of sticky meals.

Owing to its higher earth element reserve and similar chemical properties to lithium, potassium ion batteries (PIBs) have been regarded as a potential alternative to lithium-ion batteries. And considering the relatively larger ionic radius of potassium, available electrode materials need to be equipped with enough space for volume expansion during charge–discharge cycles, thus graphitic carbon nanomaterials with adjustable layer spacing gradually come into researcher's version. Here with copper nanowires serving as growth template and organic polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) providing carbon source, freestanding and ultra-light graphitic carbon nanotube (GCNT) aerogels were simply assembled and annealed, which were directly used as anodes of PIBs. Annealing parameters (temperature and atmosphere) were adapted to regulate the lattice order and interlayer spacing of GCNTs, and N, O heteroatoms derived from PVP were directly doped into the carbon lattice during thermal annealing, to optimize and enhance the cycle capacity and rate performance of GCNT anodes. The electrochemical potassium storage mechanism of GCNTs was also quantitatively analyzed. Most of the potassium ions are reversibly stored by squeezing into and escaping from the carbon lattice, and simultaneously oxygen-containing functional groups with different chemical states also offer active redox sites and dedicate partial capacity. Therefore, our assembled GCNTs with large lumen are expected to sandwich-like load with active substances efficiently, further constructing next-generation PIBs with excellent performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing high-quality wide bandgap (WBG) perovskites with ≈1.7 eV bandgap (E g ) is critical to couple with silicon and create efficient silicon/perovskite tandem devices. The sufferings of large open-circuit voltage (V OC ) loss and unstable power output under operation continuously highlight the criticality to fully develop high-quality WBG perovskite films. In this study, rubidium and thiocyanate as additive regulators in WBG perovskites are incorporated, significantly reducing non-radiative recombination, ion-migration, and phase segregation. The optimized 1.66 eV E g perovskite solar cells achieved state-of-art 1.3 V V OC (0.36 V deficit), and delivered a stabilized power conversion efficiency of 24.3%, along with good device stability (20% degradation (T 80 ) after over 994 h of operation under 1 sun at ≈65°C). When integrated with a flat front side silicon cell, silicon/perovskite two-terminal tandem device (30% efficient) is obtained with a 1.97 V V OC , and T 90 operational lifetime of more than 600 h at room temperature., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is still lagging behind that of conventional PSCs, in part because of inefficient carrier transport and poor morphology of hole transport layers (HTLs). We optimized self-assembly of [4-(3,6-dimethyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)butyl]phosphonic acid (Me-4PACz) onto nickel oxide (NiO x ) nanoparticles as an HTL through treatment with hydrogen peroxide, which created a more uniform dispersion of nanoparticles with high conductivity attributed to the formation of Ni 3+ as well as surface hydroxyl groups for bonding. A 25.2% certified PCE for a mask size of 0.074 square centimeters was obtained. This device maintained 85.4% of the initial PCE after 1000 hours of stabilized power output operation under 1 sun light irradiation at about 50°C and 85.1% of the initial PCE after 500 hours of accelerated aging at 85°C. We obtained a PCE of 21.0% for a minimodule with an aperture area of 14.65 square centimeters.