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In the context of the rapid development of Internet of things (IoT) technology, IoT devices faced challenges in running complex artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms, especially deep learning models, due to the limitations of computing power, storage space, communication bandwidth, and battery life. Model pruning technology could effectively reduce computation and storage requirements by reducing redundant parameters in neural networks without impairing the performance of AI models. This technique was extremely suitable for optimising AI models deployed on IoT devices. Firstly, two typical model pruning techniques-structured pruning and unstructured pruning, which were currently popular and suitable for different application scenarios, were reviewed. Secondly, the diverse applications of these methods in IoT environments were analysed in detail. Finally, the limitations of the current model pruning were discussed in detail in the light of the latest research results, and the future development direction of model pruning methods in IoT was outlooked.

The effects of aging treatment on microstructure and properties of Fe-30.0Mn-9.6Al-1.0C low- density steel were studied by OM， SEM， XRD， EBSD， and TEM. The strain hardening behavior and strengthening plasticizing mechanism were also analyzed. The results show that after aging at different temperatures， the microstructure of Fe-30.0Mn-9.6Al-1.0C low-density steel remains mostly full austenite with κ-carbide precipitates. As the aging temperature increases， the increase in κ-carbide precipitation has an enhancing effect on the strength of the low-density steel， but it will deteriorate its plasticity. After solid solution at 1050 ℃ and aging at 450 ℃， the tensile strength of the low-density steel is 811 MPa，the elongation is 106.9%，and the product of strength and plasticity is 86.7 GPa·%. When aging at 500 ℃， the tensile strength of the low-density steel is 861 MPa，the elongation is 33.2%，and the product of strength and plasticity is 28.6 GPa·%. After solid solution at 1050 ℃ and aging tensile deformation at different temperatures， the strain hardening index of the low-density steel exhibits a double n-value phenomenon， and the strain hardening behavior shows a multi-stage variation pattern. After tensile deformation of the low-density steel， a large number of dislocation walls， Taylor lattice and microband structures， and fine κ-carbides together enhance the strength and plasticity of the low-density steel.

[Objective] To explore the mechanisms whereby Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWT) imoroves peripheral neuropathic pain (PNP) through network pharmacology and molecular docking. [Methods] The active ingredients and targets of BYHWT were screened through the ETCM and SwissTargetPrediction databases. Peripheral neuropathic pain-related targets were screened through the GeneCards, OMIM, TTD, and DisGeNET databases. The venn diagram of intersection targets was plotted using the ggvenn package in R. The ″formulated drugs-active ingredients-disease targets″ network was constructed using Cytoscape software. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established using the STRING database. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed using the clusterProfiler package in R. Molecular docking of core active ingredients and core targets was conducted using the AutoDock software. [Results] A total of 257 active ingredients and 844 affected targets were screened, along with 3 143 peripheral neuropathic pain-related targets and 478 intersection targets. The PPI analysis revealed core targets, including protein kinase Src (SRC), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), protein kinase B (AKT1), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The GO enrichment analysis identified 3 659 GO terms, encompassing 3 206 biological process, 143 cellular component and 310 molecular functions. KEGG enrichment analysis identified 303 signaling pathways, including EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, the HIF-1 signaling pathway, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. [Conclusions] Using network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques, the present study reveals that BYHWT ameliorates peripheral neuropathic pain by multiple ingredients, regulating multiple targets and signaling pathways.

The 10 kV switchgear is widely utilized in power systems due to its convenience and reliability. However, in high-humidity environments, switchgear is susceptible to condensation, which can severely damage its internal insulation components. To address this issue, this study modifies epoxy resin (EP) by incorporating nano-MgO to improve its hydrophobic properties. Initially, molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to determine the optimal doping ratio of nano-MgO by evaluating modified materials with varying concentrations. MgO/EP composites were then synthesized with nano-MgO doping levels of 1, 5, 10, and 15 wt%, and their hydrophobic and electrothermal properties were assessed. Following this, a thermal aging test was performed to evaluate the long-term performance of the composites. The findings demonstrate that the addition of nano-MgO enhances the hydrophobicity, thermal conductivity, and insulating properties of the EP. Specifically, as the concentration of nano-MgO increases, both the contact angle and thermal conductivity of the composites improve, while the volume resistivity first increases and then decreases with higher nano-MgO content. Nonetheless, all composites consistently outperform pure EP. Throughout each aging stage, the contact angle, thermal conductivity, and volume resistivity of the nano-MgO-modified EP remain superior to those of the unmodified EP.

To improve the drying efficiency and quality of hot air-dried apple slices with blanching pretreatment, this study systematically evaluated the effects of two blanching pretreatments, hot water blanching and vacuum steam pulsed blanching, on the macroscopic drying performance of apple slices. The results indicated that under the conditions of 0.07 MPa vacuum, two blanching cycles, and blanching time of 3 minutes, vacuum steam pulsed blanching significantly enhanced the rehydration rate and textural quality of apple slices while reducing the drying time. Paraffin sectioning, microscopic observation and image processing were used to compare the microstructural changes of apple slices in terms of cell cross-sectional area, perimeter, equivalent diameter, cell roundness, wall roughness factor, and porosity under different branching conditions (temperature and time for hot water blanching; vacuum level, number of cycles, and time for vacuum steam pulsed blanching). The results showed that with the increase in temperature, blanching time and number of blanching cycles, apple cells exhibited changes that accelerated water evaporation during subsequent drying, thus shortening the drying time. Additionally, the relationship between microstructural parameters and rehydration ratio was fitted to a polynomial regression model. The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for understanding the mechanisms by which vacuum steam pulsed blanching affects the microstructure and quality of dried apple slices.

Objective To investigate the correlation between muscle strength level and bone mineral density and bone metabolism indexes in postmenopausal women in Beijing. Methods Postmenopausal women who were investigated by on-site questionnaires and followed by bone mineral density examination in Beijing from September 2017 to May 2018 were recruited as study subjects. They were divided into early menopausal group, middle menopausal group, late menopausal group, and twilight menopausal group according to the years of menopause. Changes in grip strength, 5 times sit-to-stand test (FTSST) with bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism indexes were observed in the four groups and their correlations were analyzed. Results A total of 815 cases of postmenopausal women were included. At different menopausal stages, muscle strength was all found to decrease with the increase of menopausal years (P＜0.05), there was non-significance of different bone metabolism indexes among the four groups(P＞0.05); Femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD decreased with the increase of menopausal years(P＜0.05). Maximum grip strength was positively correlated with both femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD (R=0.158, P＜0.05; R=0.130, P＜0.05). There was no correlation between muscle strength and bone metabolism indexes (P＜0.05). Conclusions Different bone metabolism indexes are not associated with muscle strength in menopausal women. Maximum grip strength is positively correlated with bone mineral density, which can be used as an auxiliary screening tool for osteoporosis (OP) in women. The FTSST suggests that the lower limb muscle strength of menopausal women decreases with age, which can be used as one of the indicators for predicting the risk of falls in menopausal women.

C16H14BrN3O2Pd, triclinic, P1‾ $P\overline{1}$ (no. 2), a = 7.5162(5) Å, b = 12.5437(9) Å, c = 17.7525(12) Å, α = 73.149(2)°, β = 82.186(2)°, γ = 73.616(2)°, V = 1534.13(18) Å3, Z = 4, T = 100(2) K, R gt(F) = 0.0208, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0573.

Objective To establish a weightlessness simulation animal model using miniature pigs, leveraging the characteristic of multiple systems’ tissue structures and functions similar to those of humans, and to observe pathophysiological changes, providing a new method for aerospace research. Methods Nine standard-grade miniature pigs were selected and randomly divided into an experimental group (n=7) and a control group (n=2). The experimental group was fixed using customized metal cages, with canvas slings suspending their hind limbs off the ground, and the body positioned at a -20° angle relative to the ground to simulate unloading for 30 days (24 hours a day). Data on body weight, blood volume, and blood biochemistry indicators were collected at different time points for statistical analysis of basic physiological changes. After the experiment, the miniature pigs were euthanized and tissue samples were collected for histopathological observation of the cardiovascular, skeletal and muscle systems HE and Masson staining. Statistical analysis was also conducted on the thickness of arterial vessels and the diameter of skeletal muscle fibers. Additionally, western blotting was employed to detect the expression levels of skeletal muscle atrophy-related proteins, including muscle-specific RING finger protein 1 (MuRf-1) and muscle atrophy F-box (MAFbx, as known as Atrogin-1), while immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), an indicator of astrocyte activation in the brain, reflecting the pathophysiological functional changes across systems. Results After hindlimb unloading, the experimental group showed significant decreases in body weight (P

AIM:To observe the different effects of three intervention approaches on related biometric parameters in children diagnosed with latent myopia, and to investigate different control effects on children with latent myopia.METHODS:Prospective cohort concurrent controls trials. A total of 60 cases(120 eyes)of children who were initially diagnosed as latent myopia and untreated previously at ophthalmology clinic of the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University from December 2021 to May 2022 were recruited. They were randomly divided into three groups, with 20 cases(40 eyes)in group A treated with 0.01% Atropine eye drops, 20 cases(40 eyes)in group B treated with vision training with a flip chart, and 20 cases(40 eyes)in group C treated with esculin and digitalis glycosides eye drops. They were followed-up for 12 mo, and the spherical equivalent(SE), axial length(AL), corneal curvature(CC), accommodative facility(AF), and macular retinal thickness of the three groups of children were compared at 6 and 12 mo post-intervention.RESULTS:Significant statistical differences were found in AL, SE and AF of the three groups of children at 6 and 12 mo(all P0.05). The retinal thickness of the temporal, nasal, inferior and macular fovea of the outer ring at 6 and 12 mo after intervention in the three groups was significantly different from that at the initial diagnosis(all P0.05).CONCLUSION:When it comes to preventing and controlling myopia, 0.01% Atropine is more effective than flip chart training and esculin and digitalis glycosides eye drops. Therefore, the administration of 0.01% atropine and the implementation of flip chart training can effectively slow down the advancement of latent myopia.

Objective During pipe jacking construction, aging sewage pipes within the construction area are prone to rupture, leading to sewage infiltration into the thixotropic slurry along the soil body, thus impacting the performance of the thixotropic slurry to some extent. In order to ensure the construction safety, it is necessary to study the change law of performance indicator after sewage infiltration of the thixotropic slurry. Method Using the No. 1 entrance and exit project of Baohua Street Station on Jinan Rail Transit Line 2 as a case study, combined with the construction conditions of the sewage pipe rupture due to the jacking pipe underpass at the entrance and exit of the station, the change law of the thixotropic slurry performance indicators after sewage infiltration is studied, and the sewage infiltration impact on the drag reduction effect of thixotropic slurry is analyzed by drag reduction test. Result & Conclusion After sewage infiltration, the performance of the thixotropic slurry deteriorates, with a reduction in slurry funnel viscosity and a significant increase in water separation rate and water loss. The positive charges of inorganic salts in the sewage and the negative charges of the slurry soil particles attract each other, causing the slurry Zeta potential dropping from a stable 31.0 mV to below 20.0 mV. Sewage infiltration results in a noticeable increase in the mass fraction of large-size soil particles, and aggregation and precipitation of the slurry, this is the reason for the significant increase in slurry water separation rate. Sewage infiltration also leads to the decrease in the slurry drag reduction effect, with an increase in the friction factor and pipe jacking thrust.

Virtual power plants, as a comprehensive energy network with multi-energy flow interconnection, have become an important player in China's accelerated pursuit of its dual carbon goals. However, it is difficult to coordinate internal resources with low-carbon emission when facing challenges such as tight coupling of multi-energy flows, subjectivity of traditional carbon trading model parameters and difficulty of online optimization with high-dimensional dynamic parameters. To address these issues, this paper proposes a virtual power plant multi-energy low-carbon dispatching method that integrates the attention mechanism (AM) and soft actor-critic (SAC) algorithm. Firstly, based on the random carbon flow characteristics of virtual power plants, an improved stepped carbon trading mechanism based on Bayesian optimization is established for dynamic parameters. Next, an economic benefit and carbon emission-based objective function is constructed for the decoupling model of multi-energy flows in virtual power plants. Considering the high-dimensional nonlinearity and real-time updating of weight parameters in this model, the improved SAC deep reinforcement learning algorithm with integrated attention mechanism is used to solve it in a continuous action space. Finally, simulation analysis and comparative experiments are conducted to verify the feasibility of the proposed method and its efficiency compared with SAC algorithm.

With the rapid development of industry and aquaculture in China, the discharge of land-based pollutants and effluents from nearshore aquaculture is increasing, negatively impacting the water quality of coastal waters. This paper introduces the impact of shellfish and macroalgae on seawater quality and the mechanisms by which they purify seawater quality. Based on this, the paper explores the integrated development path of open-shellfish and seaweed aquaculture with seawater quality management. Firstly, by utilizing the characteristics of shellfish and seaweed aquaculture in constructing a pathway for marine ecological product realization, it not only promotes the value realization of marine ecological products but also achieves the goal of purifying coastal seawater quality. Secondly, it explores the integration of shellfish and seaweed aquaculture with offshore photovoltaics and offshore wind power, fully utilizing the spatial resources of wind power and photovoltaic rights in the sea, and leveraging their ability to purify seawater quality to improve the water quality of coastal waters, while also bringing certain economic benefits to reduce the investment payback period of offshore wind power and photovoltaics.

Abstract Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the most prevalent form of oral cancer, poses significant challenges to the medical community due to its high recurrence rate and low survival rate. Mitochondrial Damage-Related Genes (MDGs) have been closely associated with the occurrence, metastasis, and progression of OSCC. Consequently, we constructed a prognostic model for OSCC based on MDGs and identified potential mitochondrial damage-related biomarkers. Gene expression profiles and relevant clinical information were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differential analysis was conducted to identify MDGs associated with OSCC. COX analysis was employed to screen seven prognosis-related MDGs and build a prognostic prediction model for OSCC. Cases were categorized into low-risk or high-risk groups based on the optimal risk score threshold. Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis revealed significant survival differences (P

Diamond is considered a promising detector in radiobiological studies. However, the difference in densities between diamond and tissue imply that their energy deposition spectra are not identical, even for diamond and tissues of the same size. The energy deposition spectrum in diamond was converted to match a tissue sample of the same size. A method based on a mathematical model of energy deposition distribution and the Fourier transform was proposed. The results indicate that the spectra converted from diamond to tissue align closely with those of the tissue. Nevertheless, the applicability of this method is constrained by the mathematical model of energy deposition distribution. Thus, developing a mathematical model that describes the energy deposition spectrum under various conditions can enhance the applicability of this conversion method.

Concrete is an important engineering material for national infrastructure construction.However， due to the complexity of the service environment， concrete faces the problem of deterioration caused by microbial corrosion， which brings safety hazards and economic losses to the development of various industries and the safe operation of facilities.Therefore， the protection of concrete is particularly important.In this paper， the application status of concrete materials and the mechanism of microbial corrosion of concrete materials were introduced.According to the ways in which microorganisms corrode concrete， the four main methods of protecting concrete from microbial corrosion were reviewed.Meanwhile， the principles and research progress of microbial inactivation， concrete modification， coatings and biomineralization in preventing microbial corrosion were discussed in detail.Cases of different methods used to resist microbial corrosion were presented， and the advantages and disadvantages of these four methods were summarized.Furthermore， by reviewing the existing concrete protection methods， the future research direction of protection methods for concrete against microbial corrosion was prospected.

Objectives: In the refrigeration industry, thin-walled copper tubes are crucial heat exchange devices, and during their drawing production process, the floating core head plays a significant role in the quality of the copper tubes. With the rapid development of chemical vapor deposition(CVD) diamond coating technology and its wide application in the field of molds, the DC arc plasma injection method is used to produce diamond-coated floating core heads to improve the quality of copper tube drawing and extend the service life of floating core heads. Methods: Using a deposition method and a rotating device design, the diamond coating was uniformly deposited on the surface of cemented carbide floating core heads by the DC arc plasma injection method. The surface roughness, morphology, mass uniformity, and film-base adhesion of the coating were tested and analyzed using a white light interferometer, scanning electron microscope, Raman spectrometer, and indentation method. The prepared diamond-coated floating core head was applied to a high-precision copper pipe production line, and the application effect was compared with that of a traditional cemented carbide floating core head. Results: SEM and Raman spectrum analysis showed that the diamond coating quality at each position of the floating core head was superior. The average thickness of the diamond in the cylindrical section of the floating core head was 13.3 μm, and in the fixed diameter section, it was 13.7 μm. At a room temperature of 20 ℃ and a relative humidity of 40%, with a filtering cutoff wavelength of 250 μm and a scanning area of 100 μm × 100 μm, the average surface roughness (Ra) of the polished diamond coating was 76.4 nm. Under the indentation test condition of loading to 1 000 N and holding constant force for 3 seconds at a fixed loading rate of 20.0 N/s, the average distance from the diamond coating shedding position to the indentation center was 287.9 μm. The prepared diamond-coated floating core head was then applied to the high-precision copper pipe production line. Compared with the cemented carbide floating core head, the following findings were observed: (1) Due to the excellent finish and self-lubrication characteristics of the diamond coating, the maintenance frequency of the floating core head decreased from once per frame to once every 20 frames, reducing labor intensity significantly. (2) Due to the excellent wear resistance of the diamond coating, the size of the fixed diameter section of the core head remained constant, ensuring that the wall thickness of the copper tube did not vary, therefore improving product consistency. (3) The service life of the diamond-coated floating core head was about 15 times that of the cemented carbide core head. Conclusions: The DC arc plasma injection method can uniformly deposit high quality diamond coating on the surface of cemented carbide floating core heads, reducing labor intensity effectively, ensuring consistency in copper tube production, and extending the service life of the core head in practical applications. Others: With the continuous progress of DC arc plasma jet deposition diamond coating technology, the quality of diamond-coated floating core heads will further improve. Diamond coatings can gradually be applied to various internal molds, such as fixed core heads and threaded cores. When used with diamond coated outer molds, these internal molds can replace traditional cemented carbide molds, reducing mold costs and labor costs, and improving the drawing quality of pipes significantly. This approach will help achieve the goal of reducing costs and increasing the efficiency in the copper, aluminum, stainless steel and other related industries.

Under irradiation of high-energy particles (neutrons or ions), cascade collisions continue to occur in nuclear materials, producing a large number of vacancy clusters and interstitial clusters. These defect clusters will undergo reactions such as diffusion, aggregation, recombination, and annihilation, forming important microstructures such as voids and dislocation loops. Cluster dynamics (CD) method is one of the important methods for simulating the microstructure evolution of nuclear materials under high-energy particle irradiation. The source term (i.e., the average size distribution of huge number of cascade collision defect clusters) is key input of the CD method. In the classical CD method, the source term is usually obtained by empirical fitting, and the maximum cluster in the source term usually only contains several vacancies or interstitials. According to recent studies on cascade collision simulations based on molecular dynamics (MD) methods, cascade collisions corresponding to high-energy primary knocked atom (PKA) can form clusters with dozens or even hundreds of vacancies or interstitials. So, the initial defect information obtained at the atomic level was not fully utilized in traditional CD simulations. With the development of molecular dynamics, cascade collision defect databases have been greatly enriched. Combined with PKA energy spectrum, it is enough to obtain more reasonable source term. The PKA spectrum is generally a quasi-continuous spectrum, and the number of energy groups is usually tens or hundreds. However, the MD cascade collision defect database usually only contains about ten energy values, which is much smaller than the former. If the MD cascade collision defect database is to be used rationally, a mapping rule from a quasi-continuous spectrum to a finite number of discrete energy values must be determined. In view of this, based on probability theory and the principle of proximity, fully considering the changing characteristics of the PKA spectrum curve, five sampling algorithms were proposed for obtaining discrete values of cascade energy from the quasi-continuous PKA energy spectrum. Based on the probability of discrete values of cascade energy, the defect cluster size distribution in the cascade collision defect database was weighted, grouped, fitted, and a relatively smooth continuous size distribution curve was obtained as the source term of the CD method. In order to test the rationality of the source term algorithms, the CD method was used to simulate the low-dose neutron irradiation of pure tungsten experiment in the HFIR reactor, and compared the defect cluster information. The results are consistent with the experimental data. Since there are differences in the size distribution of defect clusters after irradiation simulation with the five algorithms, after analysis, it is believed that the fifth source term algorithm is the most reasonable. In addition, the shortcomings of the current source term algorithm and CD model used and improvement that can be expected in the future were also summarized.

Rainfall and sea surface temperature grid data, as well as rainfall data from coastal stations in China, were used to obtain the spatiotemporal response characteristics of summer rainfall along the Chinese coast to ENSO and analyzed interdecadal changes in summer rainfall. The results show that: (1) Summer rainfall along the coast of China was significantly affected by ENSO and can be divided into three regions, with Lianyungang and Yunao as the boundaries. The Niño3.4 index was negatively correlated with summer rainfall along the Bohai and Yellow Sea coasts, positively correlated with that of the East China Sea coast, and not significantly correlated with that of the South China Sea coast. (2) On an interdecadal timescale, the relationship between summer rainfall along the coast of China and the Niño3.4 index was unstable. The negative correlation between summer rainfall along the Bohai and Yellow Sea coasts and the Niño3.4 index was significant before and after 1980 and 2010, respectively. The positive correlation along the East China Sea coast became insignificant after the 1980s, whereas the correlation along the South China Sea coast remained insignificant. (3) On the interdecadal timescale, the summer Niño3.4 index, winter Arctic Oscillation (AO) index in the previous year, and spring Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) index in current year were significantly negatively correlated with summer interdecadal rainfall along the Bohai and Yellow Sea coasts and positively correlated with summer interdecadal rainfall along the East China Sea coast. Summer interdecadal rainfall along the coast of the South China Sea was significantly negatively correlated with the spring Arctic Sea ice index in the current year. Regarding the Niño3.4 index, the high sea surface temperature in the Central and Eastern Pacific triggered a negative Pacific-Japan-type interconnection wave train in the 500 hPa geopotential height field, resulting in a decrease in interdecadal rainfall along the Bohai and Yellow Sea coast and an increase in interdecadal rainfall along the East China Sea coast. When the winter AO in the last year and spring AAO in the current year were in a positive phase, the abnormal anticyclone in the southern part of Baikal Lake at 850 hPa wind field guided the airflow in the mid to high latitudes southward, causing a weakening of the East Asian summer monsoon and a decrease in interdecadal summer rainfall along the Bohai and Yellow Sea. In addition, the strong, westward position of the subtropical high pressure in the northwest Pacific increases the upward movement, increasing interdecadal summer rainfall along the East China Sea coast. The interdecadal variation of spring Arctic Sea ice stimulates the opposite atmospheric circulation pattern that induced interdecadal variation of summer rainfall along the South China Sea coast in the 850 hPa wind and 500 hPa geopotential height fields.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel aortic arch fenestrated membrane-covered stent graft implanted in situ in large animals after long-term maintenance. Methods Three healthy male Large White pigs (named PD01, PD05, PZ02 respectively), weighing 86-150 kg and aged 12-14 months, were selected. Under general anesthesia and intubation, thoracotomy was performed through the fourth intercostal space on the left side of the pigs to establish extracorporeal circulation. The aortic arch fenestrated covered stent was implanted by incising the aorta. Postoperative follow-up was conducted for 6 months, with safety and efficacy analyzed through routine blood tests, biochemical indices, ultrasonography, angiography, dissection, and pathology. Results In all three animals, postoperative levels of red blood cells, plasma hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelets remained stable. The ALT of three animals elevated immediately after operation, the AST only elevated in PZ02. The albumin of three animals decreased and the levels of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen increased immediately after operation. All the indexes returned to normal along with time. Cardiac ultrasound results after the implantation of the aortic arch fenestrated covered stent showed no significant clinical signs of aortic valve stenosis in terms of transvalvular pressure gradient and blood flow velocity until the endpoint. Digital subtraction angiography revealed that the positioning of the fenestrated covered stents was satisfactory, with no instances of displacement or other adverse phenomena. No obvious thrombosis, perforation, or infection occurred in the experimental animals. Conclusion The novel aortic arch fenestrated covered stent system meets the basic requirements for artificial vascular substitutes. It can simplify surgical procedures, shorten operation time, and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications. Additionally, this stent system exhibits good tissue compatibility and safety.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of serum actinin-4, trefoil factor 1 (TFF1), and transforming growth factor-β-induced protein (TGFBI) for the prognosis of patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Methods From January 2020 to May 2023, 312 patients with PHC who underwent TACE in Shijiazhuang People's Hospital were collected as the study subjects (PHC group), patients with PHC were separated into a group with good prognosis (n=252) and a group with poor prognosis (n=60) based on their postoperative conditions. And 312 subjects who underwent health examinations were selected as the control group. Serum levels of actinin-4, TFF1, and TGFBI were detected by ELISA. Logistic regression was applied to analyze the influencing factors of poor prognosis in patients with PHC after TACE. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was applied to analyze the predictive value of serum actinin-4, TFF1, and TGFBI for poor prognosis after TACE in patients with PHC. Results There was no significant difference in gender, age, Child-Pugh grade, and clinical stage between the group with good prognosis and the group with poor prognosis (P＞0.05), but there were statistically differences in tumor size and portal vein tumor thrombus (P＜0.05). Compared with control group, the serum levels of actinin-4 ［(45.67±10.23) pg/mL vs (28.25±6.96) pg/mL, t=24.868, P＜0.01］, TFF1 ［(5.04±1.53) ng/mL vs (2.32±0.64) ng/mL, t=28.969, P＜0.01］, TGFBI ［(19.16±4.36)ng/mL vs (10.25±2.43) ng/mL, t=31.530, P＜0.01］ were obviously higher in PHC group. Compared with the group with good prognosis, the serum levels of actinin-4, TFF1, and TGFBI in the group with poor prognosis were obviously increased (P＜0.01). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that tumor size, portal vein tumor thrombus, serum actinin-4, TFF1, and TGFBI were all influencing factors for poor prognosis of PHC patients after TACE (P＜0.05). ROC curve results showed that the combined prediction of serum actinin-4, TFF1, and TGFBI for poor prognosis after TACE in PHC patients had an AUC of 0.926, a sensitivity of 81.3%, and a specificity of 76.8%. Conclusion The serum levels of actinin-4, TFF1, and TGFBI in patients with poor prognosis after TACE for PHC are obviously increased, and the combined determination of the three has good predictive value for prognosis of patients.

Aiming at the security and efficiency of commuter vehicles accessing services from road side unit (RSU) in Internet of vehicles (IoV), a two-stage authentication and key agreement protocol was proposed. In the initial authentication phase, the three independent session keys, negotiated among the vehicle, the RSU, and the trusted authority (TA), were utilized to safeguard the privacy of transmitted data between two entities from interception by third-party entities. In the fast authentication phase, the vehicle and RSU utilized the vehicle's travel schedule to reach the high-efficiency mutual-authentication. The vehicle anonymity and anonymous traceability were supported by the protocol, and the privacy leakage such as commuting routes was prevented. Additionally, the security of the protocol was proven by a random oracle. In a typical commuting scenario, the simulation results show that the protocol outcomes a reduction in computation overhead by 59.35% and communication overhead by 44.21%, compared to existing similar literature.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an idiopathic and chronic autoimmune disease for which there are currently no effective treatments. Oxypeucedanin hydrate (OXH) is a natural coumarin known for its potent anti-inflammatory properties. However, further investigations are needed to determine its therapeutic efficacy in treating RA. In this study, we evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of OXH by treating LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. Our results show that OXH treatment reverses the changes in iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels. Additionally, OXH reduces ROS production. Further analysis reveals that OXH suppresses the activation of the NF-κB/MAPK pathway. CETSA results show that OXH competes with LPS for binding to the TLR4/MD2 complex. MST experiments demonstrate the specific affinity of OXH for the TLR4/MD2 complex, with a Kd value of 33.7 μM. Molecular docking analysis suggests that OXH binds to the pocket of the TLR4/MD2 complex and interacts with specific amino acids, such as GLY-343, LYS-388, and PHE-345. Molecular dynamics simulations further confirm this conclusion. Finally, we investigate the potential of OXH in treating RA using a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model in rats. OXH effectively ameliorates the symptoms of CIA, including improving body weight, reducing swelling and redness, increasing talus volume, and decreasing bone erosion. OXH also decreases the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory factors in synovial tissue. Transcriptome enrichment analysis and western blot analysis confirm that OXH suppresses the NF-κB/MAPK pathway, which is consistent with our in vitro findings.

COVID-19 sequelae are long-term symptoms of COVID-19. Cardiovascular disease is not only a risk factor for the occurrence of COVID-19 sequelae but also a potential result directly or indirectly caused by COVID-19 infection.

Background: Secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5) is a novel adipokine that has been found to be closely associated with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. We investigated serum SFRP5 levels during the acute phase and their predictive value for the prognosis of acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: In total, 152 AAD patients and 164 controls were enrolled in this study. Serum SFRP5 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). AAD patients were divided into high-SFRP5 and low-SFRP5 groups based on the optimal cutoff value and followed up for prognosis. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality, and the secondary endpoint focused on AAD-related events (including AAD-related mortality and unplanned reoperations). Results: Serum SFRP5 levels were significantly higher in AAD patients than in non-AAD controls, regardless of whether they had Stanford type A or B AD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed an independent association between SFRP5 and the presence of AAD (adjusted OR 1.267, 95 % CI 1.152–1.394; p

Superalloys are predominantly employed to crucial aviation hot-end components such as turbine rear casings，diffusers，and pre-swirl nozzles. The investment casting technology supersedes “casting + welding” forming approaches，which reduces the number of parts and processing procedures，offers improved reliability and mass reduction. Therefore，investment casting is a pivotal technology for aviation component manufacturing. However，the casting of complex thin-walled components encounters challenges with dimensional accuracy，impacting engine aerodynamic performance and assembly precision，which has become a bottleneck problem restricting the manufacturing quality of key structural components of aero-engines in China for a long time. This article reviews the current advancement in the dimensional accuracy control for superalloy investment castings at home and abroad. A forward-looking analysis and discussion on development trends are conducted，particularly focusing on digital and intelligent technologies. There is an urgent need to build a digital twin platform for investment casting in the future and to develop more advanced accurate，quantitative and intelligent prediction methods for dimensional deformation and die profile design theory.

In order to study the corrosion resistance of three different superhydrophobic coatings (MZS-1, MZS-2 and ZnO@ZIF-8) on AZ91D magnesium alloy surface in 5% (mass fraction) NaCl solution. The microstructure, wettability and corrosion resistance of the superhydrophobic composite coating were tested and characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope, static contact angle tester, electrochemical workstation and salt spray tester, respectively. The results show that the corrosion of the superhydrophobic coatings does not occur until 192 h after salt spray treatment among the three types of superhydrophobic coatings, and the corrosion of the MZS-1 superhydrophobic coating is the most serious. The surface pitting of the MZS-2 superhydrophobic coating doesn't occur until 240 h later, and the contact angle is still high after salt spray treatment, so the corrosion resistance of the MZS-2 composite coating is the best.The polarization curve tests indicate that the corrosion current density of three superhydrophobic coatings are still one order of magnitude lower than that of the metal matrix after salt spray treatment for 240 h, showing excellent corrosion resistance. The superhydrophobic coating can effectively increase the corrosion resistance of metal materials.It can effectively prevent the infiltration of corrosive ions and provide long-term protection for the matrix because of its water repellency.

Vibration analysis identifies emerging vibration problems before they become unmanageable and cause unforeseen delays. This can be accomplished by monitoring engine vibration continuously or at specific intervals. Unbalance is a common vibration issue caused by the center of mass shifting from the center of rotation, leading to misalignment and excessive vibration between shafts. To prevent this, manual monitoring is required, but it is time-consuming. Therefore, intelligent system monitoring is necessary to save time. Using a large amount of vibration, spectrum, and phase data as input, this project aims to develop a diagnostic application for motor problems based on vibration signals. Fuzzy logic is implemented in MATLAB software to process a considerable amount of input data for all vibrations, spectrums, and phases using the fuzzy logic method. A vibration meter is used to collect vibration data from the demonstration machine. All input data will be processed by the fuzzy system based on predefined fuzzy rules that must provide accurate results for the actual operating conditions of the demonstration machine. Conducting experiments will help the intelligent system correctly detect damage from misalignment and imbalance. The intelligent fuzzy logic system can accurately diagnose damage caused by misalignment and unbalance on the demonstration machine.

For various engineering applications in public, ceramics with exceptional strength, toughness and shock resistance are imminently required, but traditional ceramics struggle to meet these demands due to their fragility. Inspired by the shape of natural conch shells, this work offers a simple hot press approach to fabricate layered porcelain ceramic tile/Kevlar fabric composites, yielding excellent mechanical properties and the capacity for non-catastrophic failure. It was concluded that composites’ excellent mechanical performance is attributed to the resin/fabric content. The composite with the resin/fabric content of 45.5 vol.% had an outstanding combination of high strength (310.5 ± 6.2MPa) and excellent fracture toughness (6.83 ± 0.09MPa•m1/2), whereas the sample with 36.4 vol.% resin/fabric content had the maximal impact energy of 2.04 ± 0.09 J, which is much better than those of traditional ceramics. The strong resistance to fracture is a result of the proper interfacial bonding and the presence of elastic component, which enables toughening mechanisms such as crack deflection, fibre pull-out and interfacial debonding. This finding provides useful guidance for replacing lowperformance ceramics in engineering applications with cost-effective ceramic composites.

The reclaimed water of municipal sewage plant after advanced treatment in a power plant is used as makeup of circulating water system. Due to the problems in the advanced treatment system of reclaimed water，such as the output of the mechanical acceleration clarification tank failing to reach the designed value，poor effluent quality，the sludge dewatering system failing to operate normally，the feeding blockage of the lime system，the widespread leakage of the dosing device and no chain control，etc.，the requirements for normal use of reclaimed water in the power plant can’t be met. After the diagnosis of the problems，the optimization scheme was put forward. The internal structure of the mechanical acceleration clarification tank and the bottom sludge discharge pipeline system were modified respectively to restore the processing capacity of the mechanical acceleration clarification tank and meet the requirements of the water required of the system. The sludge dewatering system was modified to restore the sludge dewatering unit. The lime dosing system was modified to improve the problems of lime dosing and material blockage then restored the stable operation of the lime system. After optimization and transformation，the output of the clarification tank was improved，and the effluent quality of the system was optimized，effectively ensuring the normal operation of the deep treatment system for recycled water and the safety of water use in the power plant.

ObjectiveA TaqMan-based real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （PCR） method was established to detect Clostridium perfringens （C. perfringens） in tap water samples.MethodsThe highly conserved plc gene located in the pseudonucleus of the bacterium was amplified and specific primers and TaqMan probes were designed. After optimization， a TaqMan-based real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR detection method was established. Combined with the filter membrane method， simulated polluted water samples of standard strains containing plc genes were treated， and the established method was tested.ResultsThe established TaqMan-based method for detecting C. perfringens showed high specificity. Ct >40 were found in 13 foodborne pathogens， 3 Clostridium difficile and 1 Clostridium putrefaciens strain. The detection limit of this method was 1×10 copies/μL， showing high sensitivity. The minimum detection limit for the simulated polluted water sample was 1.0×102 CFU/mL. This method was also used to detect 4 simulated water contamination samples and 90 imported water samples. The results showed that C. perfringens could be detected in 2 simulated 1.0×102 CFU/mL-contaminated water samples， while not in 2 simulated 1.0×10 CFU/mL-contaminated and imported water samples.ConclusionThe TaqMan real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method established in this study for the detection of C. perfringens has good specificity， high sensitivity， and practical value for detecting C. perfringens in water samples.

[Objective] Exploring the impact of hydropower development on local climate is an important guarantee for preventing and mitigating the possible negative effects of hydropower development and realizing sustainable energy development and environmental protection. [Methods] Four typical hydropower stations, Longkaikou and Guanyinyan in the middle reaches of the Jinsha River and Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba in the lower reaches of the river, were selected. By applying the climatic propensity rate, the M-K trend test, and the wavelet analysis, this study quantitatively analyzed the monthly, seasonal and yearly changes of temperature and precipitation before and after the impoundment of water in the middle and lower reaches of the river, as well as the sudden changes in the development of hydropower and the cyclical characteristics. [Results] (1) After water storage, the hydropower station had an inhibitory effect on the highest temperature and an uplifting effect on the lowest temperature in the valley. In summer and autumn, the downstream hydropower station played a cooling role, and the average monthly temperature decreased significantly in February, June, July, September, October and November, while the midstream hydropower station did not have the temperature regulation effect, with only a slight decrease in average air temperature in July. (2) After water storage, precipitation in each season increased significantly, with an increase of 0.71~27.95 mm in April, August, and September. (3) Air temperature and precipitation were related to hydropower development, and the air temperature and precipitation of the mid-and downstream hydropower stations underwent abrupt changes at different times during the development and after the water storage. (4) Air temperature and precipitation showed similar characteristics in wavelet change period, and after water storage, local precipitation showed more significant periodicity and had a certain degree of stability. [Conclusion] At different time scales, hydropower development affected local temperature and precipitation varied across river reaches, and was constrained by multiple factors such as geographic location, the surrounding environment and water storage duration.

Metal powder injection molding (MIM) has been a popular technique in production of alloy materials. Through this technique, near-net-shape alloy products can be molded with one-step production. Stainless steel 316 L (SS 316 L) is an important material in aerospace and marine industry for its excellent material strength and resistance to corrosion. As the industry grows with upgraded techniques, the standard for next generation material strength has improved tremendously. Here we present a practical method strengthening SS 316 L via MIM technique, which might provide a pathway for exploration of high strength materials. TiC was introduced into SS 316 matrix with polyoxymethylene (POM) binder. The metallography indicates that the introduction of TiC facilitates the refinement of the 316 L grain. As the TiC content increases from 0 wt% to 3 wt%, the material properties improve significantly, including a rise in hardness from 151 HV to 301 HV, tensile strength from 689 MPa to 792 MPa, and yield strength from 221 MPa to 339 MPa. Additionally, there is a noticeable reduction in the coefficient of friction and the wear cross-section.

To improve the adaptive bending ability of crawler-type pipeline robots in different sizes of pipelines, a pipeline inspection robot that can adapt to both square and circular pipes has been designed and manufactured. This study mainly focuses on analyzing the geometric constraints and motion states of the dual-adapter detection robot for circular and square pipes when bending inside the pipeline, in order to verify the rationality of the pipeline robot design. The finite element analysis of the robot structure is carried out using Ansys software, and the passability and motion parameters of the robot inside the pipeline are analyzed using Adams software to prove its adaptability. Experimental results show that the designed dual-adapter robot for circular and square pipes has a reasonable structure and can successfully pass through bends. This study provides a basis for the structural design of pipeline robots.

Axial zoned concrete-faced rockfill dam (CFRD) divides the dam shell along the dam axis. Through the filling of different modulus materials, the three-dimensional deformation of the dam shell can be reduced, and the extruding rupture of high CFRD and even ultra-high CFRD can be improved. Its mechanism and effect are different from those of traditional transverse two-dimensional zoned CFRD. To study the influence of the parameters of the E-B model on the numerical simulation of stress and deformation of the axial zoned CFRD, this paper takes the parameters of the Duncan-Chang E-B model as random variables, takes dam settlement, the deflection of the face slab and axial stress of the face slab as objective functions, and studies the material parameter sensitivity of the axial zoned CFRD through the orthogonal test. The results show that the stress and deformation state is more sensitive to the bulk modulus radix Kb, break ratio Rf, internal friction angle φ0 and the elasticity modulus radix K, and less sensitive to the bulk modulus index m.

In order to further improve the load-bearing performance of the RV reducer, a force analysis is conducted on the cycloidal pin wheel pair, regarding the contact stress and meshing stiffness of the cycloidal pin wheel as the research objective functions. In order to optimize its load-bearing performance, a mathematical analysis model of contact stress and meshing stiffness is proposed regarding the important structural parameters of cycloidal and pin wheel, as the design variables such as needle tooth distribution circle radius, eccentricity, and needle tooth radius, VB.NET Software is applied to calculate and analyzes the influence of structural parameters of the cycloidal and pin wheel on the meshing stiffness, contact stress, meshing force, and torsional stiffness of the cycloidal and pin wheel pair. The results of calculation and simulation indicate that the meshing stiffness and torsional stiffness of cycloidal and pin wheel increase with the increase of the radius of the distribution circle and eccentricity the decrease of the radius of the teeth. The research provides theoretical foundation for the design and optimization of the structure of cycloidal and pin wheel reducers.

The incidence of cancer has remained high in recent years, and anti-tumor treatment methods are emerging. Cancer treatment has undergone significant changes, and the survival rate of patients with cancer has significantly improved. Various types of new anti-tumor treatments may not only treat and control tumor growth but also place patients in critical situations that require treatment by intensive care medical personnel. Patients with cancer are in critical condition mainly due to three reasons: severe cases caused by cancer diseases themselves, complications during the perioperative period, and accompanying diseases and hospital acquired diseases. In the new situation, we should consider patient characteristics, such as abnormal metabolism, abnormal coagulation system, and abnormal immune mechanism, to save them from serious illness. We need to comprehensively evaluate patients with cancer, emphasize the role of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) treatment platform, and promote the treatment concept of planned transfer to ICU, to improve the success rate and efficiency of treatment. After transferring the patient out of the ICU, the planned follow-up anti-tumor treatment can still be continued as the endpoint of ICU treatment for critically ill patients with cancer. In the future, efforts will be devoted to establishing a discipline and talent echelon with distinctive characteristics of oncology critical care medicine and treating "the critical illness of cancer and the cancer of critical illness".

【Objective】 This study aimed to investigate the water consumption and growth characteristics of sweet potato under drip irrigation, and to clarify the influence of water and nitrogen regulation on sweet potato quality, yield and water and nitrogen utilization. 【Method】 A two-factor split-plot design was used in the experiment, with 3 irrigation levels (0, 800, 1 600 m3/hm2, denoted as W1, W2, W3) and four nitrogen application levels (0, 120, 240, 360 kg/hm2, denoted as N0, N1, N2, N3). The effects of irrigation and nitrogen levels on sweet potato dry matter accumulation, yield, quality, and water-nitrogen use efficiency were studied. 【Result】 Increasing the irrigation volume can significantly increase the soil water content within 0~60 cm, reduce the amount of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in the soil, and promote the flow and transformation of nutrients in the soil. Soil nitrogen was mainly dominated by nitrate nitrogen, and the amount of nitrate nitrogen in 0~60 cm soil under different treatments increased with the increase of nitrogen application; The total dry matter of sweet potato in all fertility periods increased with the increase of irrigation volume, and showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing with the increase of N application, and the N3 treatment would inhibit the accumulation of dry matter volume; Irrigation volume and nitrogen application and their interactions had significant effects on the nutrient composition of sweet potato, the amount of soluble sugar of sweet potato increased with the increase of nitrogen application, the amount of starch and crude protein showed a tendency of increasing and then decreasing with the increase of nitrogen application, and the amount of starch and crude protein under the treatment of W3N3 decreased by 3.97% and 14.27%, respectively, compared with that under the treatment of W3N2; The sweet potato yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency varied significantly among different treatments, and the sweet potato yield, water use efficiency and nitrogen agronomic utilization were highest in the W3N2 treatment, which increased by 7.81%~61.61%, 0.38%~21.51% and 20.23~145.61%, respectively, compared with the other treatments. 【Conclusion】 In this study, the most suitable irrigation volume for sweet potato growth was 1 600 m3/hm2, and the nitrogen application rate was 240 kg/hm2, which promoted the increase of sweet potato yield on the basis of ensuring the efficiency of water and nitrogen utilization.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of different processing temperature on texture profile and flavor of dried edible bird's nest. Methods: With dried edible bird's nest as the main raw material, the texture profile analysis of edible bird's nest at different processing temperature was carried out by physical property analyzer. The volatile components of edible bird's nest at different processing temperature were determined by electronic nose and solid phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS). Results: It was found that the adhesion of cooked edible bird's nest decreased significantly (P＜0.01), but its resilience increased significantly (P＜0.05) with the increase of temperature. 12 kinds of effective flavor substances were detected in the cooked edible bird's nest by SPME-GC-MS, including: 3 alcohols, 2 aldehydes, 2 esters, 3 ketones, 1 acid, and 1 ether, accounting for 6.23%, 49.34%, and 54.85% of the total detected substances in the cooked edible bird's nest at 95 ℃, 105 ℃ and 115 ℃, respectively. Conclusion: Different processing temperature affects the taste of edible bird's nest and the overall odor profile after processing. Moreover, higher cooking temperature tends to make the egg white-like flavor stronger. The volatile substances in the bird's nest stew at 95 ℃ are mainly acids, the bird's nest cooked at 105 ℃ mainly produces alcohols, and the edible bird's nest cooked at 115 ℃ mainly produces ketones and alcohols.

Abstract Objective To investigate the differences in the niacin skin flushing response of adolescent depressed patients and healthy adolescents and its diagnostic value in adolescent depression. Methods Thirty-eight cases of acute episodes of depression in unmedicated adolescents and 47 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included as study subjects, and sociodemographic and clinical data were collected, all of which were stimulated with six concentration gradients (up to 60 mmol/L, followed by sequential 3-fold gradient dilution to a minimum of 0.25 mmol/L) of niacin solution on the forearm skin, and the skin flushing area was applied as an assessment index. Results The total area of redness of the skin in response to niacin was significantly lower in the adolescent depression group than in the healthy adolescent group (Z=-3.36, p = 0.001) and was able to distinguish the adolescent depression group from the healthy adolescent group (area under curve = 0.713, sensitivity 51.1%, specificity 83.2%). Conclusions Niacin sensitivity is reduced in adolescent depressed patients, and the niacin skin flush response has potential clinical value as a diagnostic biomarker for adolescent depression.

The high backpressure heating mode of direct air-cooling unit faces limitations due to the return water temperature of heat network and the coordinated heat exchanger unit control of air-cooling island. This limitation complicates the task of achieving a balance between operation economy and power generation output. To solve this inherent contradiction， Ebsilon Professional， a commercial software， is used to calculate and analyze the key parameters of the direct air-cooling exhaust steam extraction heat supply system. These parameters include the backpressure of the air-cooling island， steam turbine output and heat consumption， and suction coefficient of the injector under different loads and variable operating conditions. The calculations reveal that， during low load in winter， the optimal operating backpressure for the heat supply system falls within the range of 13~20 kPa， which allows for the gradient utilization of heating energy， ensures a balance in unit output， and meets the safety requirements for preventing freezing.

[Objective] The physical and chemical properties and water characteristics of substrates under different eroded microhabitats were studied to provide a theoretical basis for understanding the driving and limiting mechanisms of vegetation settlement and restoration, and to provide scientific references for the practice of vegetation reconstruction in early abandoned mining areas in the North China. [Methods] The mechanical composition, bulk density, capillary porosity, pH value, electrical conductivity, and moisture characteristics of bare slopes, rills, shallow gullies, and deposit bodies were studied, and the relationships between them were analyzed. [Results] Particle size matrices varied among different eroded microhabitats, and there were differences among different soil layers. The bulk density of the substrates in different eroded microhabitats followed the order of shallow gully>rill>bare slope>deposit body, while capillary pore size followed the order of deposit body>bare slope>shallow gully>rill. There were no significant differences in the pH value of different eroded microhabitats, but there were differences in the changes in different soil layers. Electrical conductivity followed the order of deposit body>bare slope>shallow gully>rill, and was higher in the 10—20 cm soil layer than in the 0—10 cm soil layer. The matrix moisture content and capillary water capacity of different eroded microhabitats followed the order of deposit body>bare slope>shallow gully>rill. The matrix moisture content and capillary water capacity of the bare slope and the shallow gully were the lowest on the upper slope, while they were lowest for the rill on the middle slope. [Conclusion] The substrate moisture characteristics of weathered gangue dumps were significantly affected by bulk density and capillary porosity. There were relatively more sand and medium-coarse grain particles in bare slopes and deposit bodies of weathered gangue dumps, and the moisture characteristics were superior. Bare slopes and deposit bodies can provide a safe habitat for vegetation settlement and restoration.

Efficient trivalent actinides/lanthanides(Am3+/Ln3+) separation is one of the key components of advanced nuclear fuel cycle. Owing to their similar chemical behavior in condensed phase, it remains a challenge to adopt traditional liquid-liquid extraction techniques. The strategy of separating Am by oxidizing Am(Ⅲ) to its penta- and hexa-valent states has the benefit of high efficiency and large space of improvement and is attracting growing attention. The obstacle to adopt this strategy is the high oxidation potential, which impedes the efficient conversion of Am(Ⅲ) to Am(Ⅴ,Ⅵ) under mild conditions, and the low stability of high oxidation states of Am. This poses two questions to solve: (1) how to minimize the oxidation potential of Am? (2) how to stabilize Am in its high oxidation state? In this work, we surveyed the advances in the chemical and electrochemical oxidation of Am towards its separation from lanthanides. In its chemical oxidation, copper(Ⅲ) periodate was identified as a superior oxidants over bismuthate and persulfate in view of its high oxidizing power and high yield of Am(Ⅴ,Ⅵ). In its electrochemical oxidation, functionalization of electrode by appropriate ligands can significantly decrease the oxidation potential of Am and increase the overpotential of water, which circumvents the side reactions, e.g. oxidation of water. These results provide insights for the design and optimization of novel protocols for Am/Ln separation, and calls for improved understanding of the underlying mechanisms to stimulate extensive advances of efficient Am/Ln separation.