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Au début des années 1910, les œuvres de Balzac commencent à être traduites en Chine, Mao Dun devient aussitôt un lecteur fidèle de Balzac et se nourrit abondamment de la prose de ce dernier pour construire son propre univers littéraire. Nous pouvons constater une similarité surprenante entre les deux écrivains : ils explorent tous les deux, au cœur de leurs œuvres, l’urbanité. Plus précisément, Shanghai est pour Mao Dun ce que Paris est pour Balzac : une source inépuisable d’inspiration et un champ d’investigation privilégié. Le mémoire vise à analyser la représentation littéraire de Paris et de Shanghai en mettant en parallèle deux romans de Balzac, Le père Goriot (1835) et Illusions perdues (1837-1843), et deux romans de Mao Dun, Désillusion (1927) et Minuit (1933). Cette étude comparée s’amorce par un traitement de l’identité des écrivains dans le contexte urbain et se développe ensuite autour de l’économie capitaliste et de la mode féminine de la ville. Le but de l’étude est de montrer les liens entre l’écrivain, la narration et la ville, ainsi que la dépendance discrète de Mao Dun vis-à-vis des perspectives développées par Balzac., In the early 1910s, Balzac’s works began to be translated in China, Mao Dun immediately became a faithful reader of Balzac and drew upon the prose of Balzac to build his own literary universe. We can see a surprising similarity between the two writers: they both explore, at heart of their works, urbanity. More precisely, Shanghai is for Mao Dun what Paris is for Balzac: an inexhaustible source of inspiration and a privileged field of investigation. The thesis aims to analyze the literary representation of Paris and Shanghai by comparing two novels of Balzac, Le père Goriot (1835) and Lost Illusions (1837-1843), and two novels of Mao Dun, Disillusion (1927) and Midnight. (1933). This comparative study begins with a treatment of the identity of writers in the urban context, and then develops around the city’s capitalist economy and women’s fashion. The purpose of the study is to show the links between the writer, the narrative and the city, as well as the covert dependency of Mao Dun upon the perspectives Balzac developed.

The phenomenon of black water aggregation (BWA) occurs in inland water when massive algal bodies aggregate, die, and react with the toxic sludge in certain climate conditions to deprive the water of oxygen. This process results in the deterioration of water quality and damage to the ecosystem. Because charge coupled device (CCD) camera data from the Chinese HJ environmental satellite shows high potential in monitoring BWA, we acquired four HJ-CCD images of Taihu Lake captured during 2009 to 2011 to study this phenomenon. The first study site was selected near the Shore of Taihu Lake. We pre-processed the HJ-CCD images and analyzed the digital number (DN) gray values in the research area and in typical BWA areas. The results show that the DN values of visible bands in BWA areas are obviously lower than those in the research areas. Moreover, we developed an empirical retrieving algorithm of BWA based on the DN mean values and variances of research areas. Finally, we tested the accuracy of this empirical algorithm. The retrieving accuracies were89.9%, 58.1%, 73.4%, and 85.5%, respectively, which demonstrates the efficiency of empirical algorithm in retrieving the approximate distributions of BWA.