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Abstract The NK cell is an important component of the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), also plays a significant role in PDAC development. This study aimed to explore the relationship between NK cell marker genes and prognosis, immune response of PDAC patients. By scRNA-seq data, we found the proportion of NK cells were significantly downregulated in PDAC and 373 NK cell marker genes were screened out. By TCGA database, we enrolled 7 NK cell marker genes to construct the signature for predicting prognosis in PDAC patients. Cox analysis identified the signature as an independent factor for pancreatic cancer. Subsequently, the predictive power of signature was validated by 6 GEO datasets and had an excellent evaluation. Our analysis of relationship between the signature and patients’ immune status revealed that the signature has a strong correlation with immunocyte infiltration, inflammatory reaction, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) response. The NK cell marker genes are closely related to the prognosis and immune capacity of PDAC patients, and they have potential value as a therapeutic target.

Group communication and collaborative shopping models are favoured by consumers, so research on group opinion has attracted the attention of businesspeople. Based on the dual-process model (DW model), interaction rules for developing consumer opinions are constructed, and the influence of factors such as group structure, sponsor characteristics, and sub-opinions on collaborative shopping is investigated via numerical simulations. The results show that the group structure of consumers is closely related to the success of the joint purchase. The sponsor influences the development of the sub-options of the group, which can split the original convergent and consistent opinions, and the sub-options of the group can split within a specific range. The conclusions can provide theoretical support for businesspeople to successfully carry out collaborative shopping and promote the vigorous development of social commerce.

Objectives To explore the expression, biological function, and mechanism of MKI67 in pancreatic cancer and its clinical significance. Methods The expression level, diagnosis, and prognostic value of MKI67 in pancreatic cancer were analyzed using public databases. We also investigated the association between the MKI67 with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint molecules. We analyzed the functional pathway enrichment to uncover the possible molecular mechanisms. qRT-PCR and Western blot assay were used to verify the expression of MKI67 mRNA and protein. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect the expression of MKI67 in tissue protein. Results The high expression of MKI67 was significantly associated with high histological grades and poor outcomes in pancreatic cancer. High MKI67 expression was correlated with poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients (P=0.009). MKI67 was an independent risk factor for the patient outcome (95%CI: 1.084-1.743, P

Abstract Biochar and organic fertilizer are widely supported to maintain crop production and sustainable development of agroecosystems. However, it is unclear how biochar and organic fertilizer alone or in combination regulate soil functional microbiomes and their relationships to ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF). Herein, a long-term (started in 2013) field experiment, containing five fertilization treatments, was employed to explore the effects of biochar and organic fertilizer applications on the EMF (based on 18 functional indicators of crop productivity, soil nutrient supply, element cycling, and microbial biomass) and the functional microbiomes of bulk soil and rhizosphere soil [normalizing the abundances of 64 genes related to carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sulphur (S) cycles]. Compared with single-chemical fertilization, biochar and organic fertilizer inputs significantly enhanced most ecosystem-single functions and, in particular, the EMF significantly increased by 18.7–30.1%; biochar and organic fertilizer applications significantly increased the abundances of soil microbial functional taxa related to C-N-P-S cycles to varying degree. The combined application of biochar and organic fertilizer showed a better improvement in these indicators compared to using them individually. Most functional microbial populations in the soil, especially the taxa involved in C degradation, nitrification, nitrate-reduction, organic P mineralization, and S cycling showed significantly positive associations with the EMF at different threshold levels, which ultimately was regulated by soil pH and nutrient availability. These results highlight the strong links between soil microbiomes and agroecosystem functions, as well as providing scientific support for inclusion of biochar in agricultural production and services with organic amendments. Graphical Abstract

【Objective】 The aim of this paper is to propose a reasonable water and fertilizer application system for the Yellow River water drip irrigation project in the salinized irrigation area on the South bank of the Yellow River in Ordos Dalat Banner. 【Method】 The field drip irrigation experiment was carried out, and 3 irrigation quotas were set: high water W1 (1 500 m3/hm2), medium water W2 (1 200 m3/hm2) and low water W3 (900 m3/hm2). 2 fertilization levels: high fertilizer N1 (187.5 kg/hm2), low fertilizer N2 (150 kg/hm2). The local irrigation and fertilization were used as the control group CK. The effects of different water and fertilizer treatments on sunflower growth index, yield, soil salinity and soil moisture content were studied. The entropy method was used to calculate the weight of 5 indexes, including yield, water productivity, partial fertilizer productivity, average conductivity of 0 ~ 40 cm soil layer and fruit rate. The optimal water and fertilizer scheme was obtained by comprehensive evaluation of each treatment. 【Result】 There was little variability in sunflower growth trait indexes among treatments, but all were more favorable than the CK treatment. The yields of the two treatments with high water were significantly higher than the other treatments. Throughout the reproductive period of sunflower, W1N2 treatment had the lowest value of electrical conductivity in the 0~40 cm soil layer, 341.9 μS/cm, and W2N1 had the highest value of soil electrical conductivity under water and fertilizer conditions, 449.7 μS/cm. The increase in electrical conductivity at the beginning and end of the reproductive period in W1N1, W1N2, W2N1, W2N2, W3N1, W3N2, and CK was 62.2%, respectively, 29.4%, 58.9%, 52.9%, 83.9%, 56.3%, and 54.0%, respectively. For the water content of the 60~100 cm soil layer, there was no significant difference between the high water treatment and the medium water treatment, and there was a significant difference between both the high water and medium water treatments compared to the low water treatment. Water infiltration in the high water treatment was close to uniform infiltration. The depth of the wetted area formed by different irrigation quotas is also different, the larger the irrigation quota, the deeper the location of the wetted area and the larger the wetted range. The entropy value method was used to comprehensively evaluate each treatment, and the optimal result was the W1N2 treatment, and the worst result was the CK treatment. 【Conclusion】 The degree of soil salinity return decreased with the increase of irrigation quota, but too high irrigation quota would reduce crop activity and thus inhibit crop growth. The results of the comprehensive assessment of treatments showed that the irrigation quota for sunflower in the irrigation area on the South bank of the Yellow River in Darat Banner, Ordos, was about 1 500 m3/hm2, and the application of urea (46% nitrogen) was about 150 kg/hm2. During the reproductive period, water was irrigated 5~6 times and fertilizer was applied 2~3 times, and fertilizer was applied to the field with water.

With the rapid development of tumor immunotherapy, nanoparticle vaccines have attracted much attention as potential therapeutic strategies. A systematic review and analysis must be carried out to investigate the effect of mannose modification on the immune response to nanoparticles in regulating the tumor microenvironment, as well as to explore its potential clinical application in tumor therapy. Despite the potential advantages of nanoparticle vaccines in immunotherapy, achieving an effective immune response in the tumor microenvironment remains a challenge. Tumor immune escape and the overexpression of immunosuppressive factors limit its clinical application. Therefore, our review explored how to intervene in the immunosuppressive mechanism in the tumor microenvironment through the use of mannan-decorated lipid calcium phosphate nanoparticle vaccines to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with tumors and to provide new ideas and strategies for the field of tumor therapy.

BackgroundThe use of controlled X-ray sources instead of 137Cs radioactive sources in density logging has become a new trend. The intensity of the X-ray source is substantially influenced by the high voltage on the target substrate, and the density measurement uncertainty can be maintained at 0.01 g·cm-3 when the high voltage is 350 kV.PurposeThis study aims to analyze the parameters of the shielding material and thickness suitable for the 350 kV high-voltage X-ray density logging instrument.MethodsThe Monte Carlo method was used to analyze the energy spectrum and counting rate of X-rays passing through different materials and thicknesses. By comparing the correlation between the 0~0.15 MeV and 0.15~0.35 MeV energy windows, the reasons for the difference between the X-ray attenuation and detector count rate in different energy windows were determined. In addition, combined with the actual instrument model construction of the four-detector X-ray density logging instrument, the influence of the three parts of particles on the detector was primarily considered. The placement mode and optimal thickness of each part of the shield for detectors were analyzed and designed using Monte Carlo N-particle (MCNP) simulation.ResultsThe simulation results show that the attenuation of X-rays in high- and low-energy windows increases with increase of atomic number and thickness of shielding materials. When tungsten nickel iron alloy is selected as the shielding material for the four-detector X-ray density logging instrument model, the suitable thickness of the shield between the base and the near-source detector is 1.75 cm. Meanwhile, to maintain the high voltage of X-ray generator at 350 kV, a shield layer with a thickness of 0.2 cm is placed between each detector, and a shield layer with a thickness of 0.35 cm is added to the back of the detector.ConclusionsThis study provides the design theory and key parameters for shielding materials and structures in the development of X-ray density logging tool.

Objective·To compare the relationship between sternal cortical thickness ratio and bone mineral density in adult emergency inpatients with chest CT plain scan, and evaluate the diagnostic ability of sternal cortical thickness ratio for osteopenia and osteoporosis.Methods·The bone density was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in hospitalized patients collected in the adult emergency ward of Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from November 2020 to October 2022, and the patients were diagnosed as normal bone mass, osteopenia, or osteoporosis according to the bone density. The patients were grouped based on age (>65 years old, ≤65 years old) and osteoporosis status. The sternal cortical thickness ratio measured at the level of tracheal bifurcation in the chest CT scan image of each group was analyzed. Spearman correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the sternal cortical thickness ratio and bone mineral density. The sternal cortical thickness ratio was used to diagnose the osteopenia and the osteoporosis, and the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) was drawn to obtain the best cut-off value. The diagnostic efficacy of the sternal cortical thickness ratio in the diagnosis of osteopenia and osteoporosis was analyzed.Results·A total of 198 patients were included in the study, including 78 patients with normal bone mass, 66 patients with osteopenia, and 54 patients with osteoporosis. Among patients aged >65 years old (n=115), the proportion of female patients and the age of patients in the osteoporosis group were significantly higher than those in the normal bone mass group (all P0.05). Whether in patients >65 years old or ≤65 years old, the sternal cortical thickness ratio in the normal bone mass group was higher than that in the osteopenia group and the osteoporosis group, and the sternal cortical thickness ratio in the osteopenia group was higher than that in the osteoporosis group (all P65 years old, the diagnostic accuracy rate of male patients in the normal bone mass group was higher than that in the osteopenia group and the osteoporosis group, and the diagnosis misdiagnosis rate in the osteoporosis group was lower than that in the normal bone mass group and the osteopenia group; In patients ≤65 years old, the diagnostic accuracy rate of male patients in the osteoporosis group was higher than that in the normal bone mass group and the osteopenia group, and the diagnosis misdiagnosis rate in the normal bone mass group was lower than that in the osteopenia group and the osteoporosis group.Conclusion·The sternal cortical thickness ratio in both male and female patients is positively correlated with bone mineral density, and the sternal cortical thickness ratio has good diagnostic efficacy for osteopenia and osteoporosis.

Abstract With the development of the drying rack system, users with limited time tend to use the fully functional drying rack system to realize various intelligent control functions. However, the existing control methods for drying rack system has some defects such as, low intelligence and system delay, which are unsuitable for most users. In this paper, an efficient intelligent control algorithm based on the back‐propagation (BP) neural network is proposed. In this system, STM32F103 is first utilized as the central controller and multiple sensors are used to collect environmental information. Then, the remote control, voice keywords, and buttons can be used to achieve intelligent control. Subsequently, a motor drive intelligence control algorithm based on the BP neural network (MCBP) is proposed to improve the accuracy of the intelligent control. Next, an Application (APP) that can display environmental data such as wind speed, temperature, and humidity is developed. The APP can realize various intelligent control functions such as lifting, panning, rotating, and harvesting. Finally, MCBP is compared with normal control and programmable logic controller control. The accuracy of the MCBP is higher than other two control methods. The final extensive experiments confirm the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed intelligent control algorithm.

BackgroundGender and age differences in the clinical manifestations of patients with bipolar disorder can affect the clinical diagnosis and treatment process. The current treatment effect of bipolar disorder in adolescents is not ideal， which has become the main reason for disability during the learning period.ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical features and medication therapy status of bipolar disorder in adolescents， and to provide references to support for personalized diagnosis and treatment.MethodsOn January 16， 2023， 1 169 patients with bipolar disorder who were hospitalized at Beijing Anding Hospital Affiliated Capital Medical University from January 1， 2014 to December 31， 2017 were retrospectively enrolled. Medical records were collected and analyzed to compare the clinical features among patients of different gender and age groups， and to explore the differences in medication use among patients of different genders in different types of seizures.ResultsMale patients reported a larger proportion of manic episodes， and a smaller proportion of depressive episodes than female patients （P

Objective: Cinnamaldehyde was encapsulated in the liposome. Methods: Cinnamaldehyde was selected as the research object and the cinnamaldehyde liposomes were prepared by ethanol injection method. The effects of phospholipid concentration, ratio of phospholipid to cholesterol, ratio of phospholipid to cinnamaldehyde and injection velocity on the encapsulation efficiency, particle size and polydispersity index （PDI） of cinnamaldehyde liposomes were investigated, and the process was optimized by response surface method with the encapsulation efficiency as the index. Results: The optimum preparation conditions of cinnamaldehyde liposomes were as follows: the phospholipid concentration was 2.69 mg/mL, the ratio of phospholipid to cinnamaldehyde was 6.73, and the ratio of phospholipid to cholesterol was 5.79. Under the control of these conditions, the encapsulation efficiency of cinnamaldehyde liposome was 82.37%, and the particle size and zeta potential were 113.89 nm, and -29.07 mV, respectively. After 4 weeks of storage at 4 ℃, it still has a high encapsulation efficiency and good stability. Conclusion: Cinnamaldehyde liposomes with small particle size, high encapsulation efficiency and stable properties could be prepared by ethanol injection method.

Aiming at the problems and technical difficulties in the vertical rescue process of mines, such as single information collection and low degree of visualization, a set of technology methods such as multi-media collection, fusion of multiple information, wired and wireless transmission, and intrinsically safe control of communication circuits have been developed. The life information detection system of the long distance borehole has been successfully applied in the collapse accident of Wanzhuang gypsum mine in Pingyi County, Linyi City, Shandong Province and the explosion accident of Hushan gold mine in Qixia City, Shandong Province. Field rescue application results show that: the life information detector has strong reliability, stable information transmission, with video/audio and underground environmental parameters collection and synchronous transmission functions, real-time feedback of detected multimedia information to the ground rescue command, and the information is automatically saved to the terminal equipment to provide reference materials for formulating scientific rescue plans and subsequent accident summary.

Abstract Background Emerging evidence has demonstrated that RNA-binding protein dysregulation is involved in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression. However, the role of poly (A) binding protein cytoplasmic 1 (PABPC1) in ESCC is unclear. We therefore aimed to explore the functions and potential mechanisms of PABPC1 in ESCC progression. Methods PABPC1 expression was characterized using immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR in ESCC tissues and cell lines. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase reporter assays were used to detect histone acetylation in the promoter region of PABPC1. A series of in vitro and in vivo assays were further applied to elucidate the functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of PABPC1 in ESCC angiogenesis and malignant procession. Results PABPC1 expression was upregulated in ESCC tissues compared with in normal esophageal epithelial tissues. Elevated PABPC1 expression was correlated with tumor cell differentiation and poor prognosis in patients. Sp1 and p300 cooperated to increase the level of H2K37ac in the PABPC1 promoter. Functionally, PABPC1 overexpression enhanced esophageal squamous cell proliferation and invasion by activating the IFN/IFI27 signaling pathway. PABPC1 interacted with eIF4G to increase the stability of IFI27 mRNA by competing with RNA exosomes in ESCC. Furthermore, PABPC1/IFI27 could increase miR-21-5p expression to enable exosomal delivery of miR-21-5p to human umbilical vein endothelial cells to increase angiogenesis via inhibiting CXCL10. Conclusion PABPC1 plays a critical role in ESCC malignant progression by interacting with eIF4G to regulate IFI27 mRNA stability and promote angiogenesis via exosomal miR-21-5p/CXCL10. Taken together, our results suggest that PABPC1 is a promising therapeutic target for ESCC.

BackgroundThe use of controlled X-ray sources instead of 137Cs radioactive sources in density logging has become a new trend. The high voltage on the target substrate significantly affects the intensity of the X-ray source, and the density measurement uncertainty can be maintained at 0.01 g∙cm-3 when the high voltage is 350 kV.PurposeThis study aims to examine the depth-of-investigation characteristics and influence of a 350-kV high-voltage X-ray density logging instrument.MethodsThe depth of investigation of various source distance detectors in 20% water-bearing limestone formation was studied using the Monte Carlo method. By comparing the investigation characteristics of 350-kV high-voltage X-ray source and 137Cs source density logging, the reasons for the differences in the depth of investigation among them were analyzed. Moreover, the contribution of mudcake and formation to the detector and the density deviations of various detectors were analyzed via simulation. Finally, the influence of mudcake on the density logging response of the well wall was explored.ResultsThe results indicate that the depth of investigation of X-ray density logging instrument increases with the augment of source distance. Compared to the 137Cs source density logging, the scattered particles of the X-ray density logging are mainly concentrated at 1~3 cm from the bore wall, resulting in the depth-of-investigation differences between the two techniques. Furthermore, the contributions of mudcake and formation to different source distance detectors are different, and the detector density deviation decreases with the increase in source distance.ConclusionsThis study affords a theoretical basis for the depth-of-investigation characteristics and influence of 350-kV high-voltage X-ray density logging.

The simultaneous consideration of multiple conflicting properties in alloy optimization design is necessary yet remains challenging. A comprehensive strategy of machine learning (ML) and multi-objective optimization based on thermodynamic simulation data was proposed to accelerate the composition design of Ni-based superalloys. The microscopic parameters were determined by Pearson correlation analysis and domain knowledge as the key affect factors of tensile strength and elongation. The Multi-objectives Evolutionary Algorithm (MOEA) was adopted to search the well-built surrogate by ML meta-heuristically for the Pareto front of three objectives and its responding Pareto optimal solution set of composition. Furthermore, nine high-performance superalloy samples selected from the obtained Pareto front were well verified by fabricating and testing in the laboratory. Specially, a new composition among the nine as-fabricated samples was the best one according to the pre-defined design preferences with the γ′ solvus temperature, γ′ volume fraction, and TCP phases content approximating to 1210 °C, 65%, and 0.01%, respectively. This intelligent cooperation strategy based on ML and MOEA extends the methodology for multi-composition and multi-property design materials, which can optimize multiple conflicting objectives simultaneously rather than do one by one.

Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the larvae of Echinococcus multilocularis. Because of its characteristics of diffuse infiltration and growth similar to tumors, the disability rate and mortality rate are high among patients. Although surgery (including hepatectomy, liver transplantation, and autologous liver transplantation) is the first choice for the treatment of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis in clinic, drug treatment still plays an important and irreplaceable role in patients with end-stage echinococcosis, including patients with multiple organ metastasis, patients with inferior vena cava invasion, or patients with surgical contraindications, etc. However, Albendazole is the only recommended clinical drug which could exhibit a parasitostatic rather than a parasitocidal effect. Novel drugs are needed but few investment was made in the field because the rarity of the cases. Drug repurposing might be a solution. In this review, FDA-approved drugs that have a potential curative effect on hepatic alveolar echinococcosis in animal models are summarized. Further, nano drug delivery systems boosting the therapeutic effect on hepatic alveolar echinococcosis are also reviewed. Taken together, these might contribute to the development of novel strategy for advanced hepatic alveolar echinococcosis.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) is one of the most important tumor treatment methods. Although the therapeutic efficiency of immune checkpoint inhibitor mono-therapy is limited, the combination of chemotherapy plus immune checkpoint inhibitors has shown great advantages in cancer treatment. This is mainly due to the fact that tumor reactive T cells could fully provide their anti-tumor function as chemotherapy could not only cause immunogenic cell death to increase antigen presentation, but also improve the immunosuppressive tumor micro-environment to synergize with immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, traditional chemotherapy still has shortcomings such as insufficient drug concentration in tumor region, short drug duration, drug resistance, major adverse events, etc, which might lead to the failure of the therapy. Nano chemotherapeutic drugs, which refer to chemotherapeutic drugs loaded in nano-based drug delivery system, could overcome the above shortcomings of traditional chemotherapeutic drugs to further improve the therapeutic effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors on tumors. Therefore, the scheme of nano chemotherapeutic drugs combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors might lead to improved outcome of cancer patients compared with the scheme of traditional chemotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Electric motors play a crucial role in ship systems. Detecting potential issues with electric motors is a critical aspect of ship fault diagnosis. Fault diagnosis in motors is often challenging due to limited and noisy vibration signals. Existing deep learning methods struggle to extract the underlying correlation between samples while being susceptible to noise interference during the feature extraction process. To overcome these issues, this study proposes an intelligent bimodal fusion attention residual model. Firstly, the vibration signal to be encoded undergoes demodulation and is divided into high and low frequencies using the IEEMD (Improved Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition) composed of the EEMD (Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition) and the MASM (the Mean of the Standardized Accumulated Modes). Subsequently, the high-frequency component is effectively denoised using the wavelet packet threshold method. Secondly, current data and vibration signals are transformed into two-dimensional images using the Gramian Angular Summation Field (GASF) and aggregated into a bimodal Gramian Angle Field diagram. Finally, the proposed model incorporates the Self-Attention Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks (SE) mechanism with the Swish activation function and utilizes the ResNeXt architecture with a Dropout layer to identify and diagnose faults in the multi-mode fusion dataset of motors under various working conditions. Based on the experimental results, a comprehensive discussion and analysis were conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed intelligent bimodal fusion attention residual model. The results demonstrated that, in comparison to traditional methods and other deep learning models, the proposed model effectively utilized multimodal data, thereby enhancing the accuracy and robustness of fault diagnosis. The introduction of attention mechanisms and residual learning enable the model to focus more effectively on crucial modal data and learn the correlations between modalities, thus improving the overall performance of fault diagnosis.

IntroductionAnatomical liver resection is the optimal treatment for patients with resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Laparoscopic Couinaud liver segment resection could be performed easily as liver segments could be stained by ultrasound-guided indocyanine green (ICG) injection into the corresponding segment portal vein. Several smaller liver anatomical units (liver watersheds) have been identified (such as S8v, S8d, S4a, and S4b). However, since portal veins of liver watersheds are too thin to be identified under ultrasound, the boundaries of these liver watersheds could not be stained intraoperatively, making laparoscopic resection of these liver watersheds demanding. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) could identify arteries of liver watersheds with a diameter of less than 2 mm. Yet, its usage for liver watershed staining has not been explored so far.PurposeThe aim of this study is to explore the possibility of positive liver watershed staining via trans-arterial ICG injection under DSA examination for navigating laparoscopic watershed-oriented hepatic resection.MethodsWe describe, in a step-by-step approach, the application of trans-arterial ICG injection to stain aimed liver watershed during laparoscopic anatomical hepatectomy. The efficiency and safety of the technique are illustrated and discussed in comparison with the laparoscopic anatomical liver resection via ultrasound-guided liver segment staining.ResultsEight of 10 HCC patients received successful trans-arterial liver watershed staining. The success rate of the trans-artery staining approach was 80%, higher than that of the ultrasound-guided portal vein staining approach (60%). Longer surgical duration was found in patients who underwent the trans-artery staining approach (305.3 ± 23.2 min vs. 268.4 ± 34.7 min in patients who underwent the ultrasound-guided portal vein staining approach, p = 0.004). No significant difference was found in major morbidity, reoperation rate, hospital stay duration, and 30-day and 90-day mortality between the 2 groups.ConclusionsTrans-arterial ICG staining is safe and feasible for staining the aimed liver watershed, navigating watershed-oriented hepatic resection under fluorescence laparoscopy for surgeons.

Objective To explore the expression of heat shock protein (HSP) 105b in advanced adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG) patients and its relation with clinicopathological characteristics and effect of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Methods We randomly divided 166 cases of advanced AEG who underwent open radical gastrectomy and lymphadenectomy D2 compartment into treatment group (prophylactic HIPEC of paclitaxel after operation) and control group (conventional treatment). Immunohistochemistry was used to detect HSP105b expression in postoperative tumor tissues, and to analyze its relation with clinicopathological characteristics and effect of HIPEC. Results The expression of HSP105b was only associated with tumor vein infiltration (t=4.002, P=0.045). The 3-year disease-free survival rate of the patients with high HSP105b expression was significantly lower than those with low HSP105b expression (56.5% vs. 64.8%, χ2=35.508, P < 0.001), and the disease-free survival rate of the patients with high HSP105b expression in treatment group was significantly lower than that with low HSP105b expression (60.7% vs. 71.5%, χ2=77.459, P < 0.001). Conclusion HSP105b can be used as a prognostic factor and its expression can predict the efficacy of HIPEC in the patients with advanced AEG.

The Fuling shale gas field in China is the largest shale gas field as well as the largest of its type discovered in any Lower Paleozoic formation. In this study, the geology and production of the upper and lower gas layers in the Fuling shale gas field are evaluated in terms of structure, shale quality, fault, initial production, and estimated ultimate recovery (EUR). The shale in the lower gas layer of the Jiaoshiba anticline is a high-quality reservoir, where the space is dominated by organic pores in kerogen, and the gas content is high. The shale gas wells reveal relatively high initial production and EUR. However, the shale in the upper gas layer of the Jiaoshiba anticline has reservoir space mainly composed of clay mineral pores and organic pores within bitumen, and the gas content is low. In terms of structure, primary gas migration may occur in the upper gas layer, resulting in free gas accumulation in the structural high, where the development effects are generally better than those in the structural low. The lower gas layer in the Pingqiao anticline, is the main interval for shale gas accumulation and development due to the high-quality shale. Under the influence of faults, the efficiency of exploration wells emplaced on top of the anticline is much lower a compared with those in the flanks. The residual synclines close to the Sichuan Basin, including the Baima and Baitao anticlines, are characterized by more recent uplifts, larger area, greater distance from the deep and large faults, and early fracture closure. Therefore, we recommend that the shale gas exploration and development should be carried out preferentially in areas close to the center of the residual synclines, featuring relatively high-pressure coefficient and moderate burial depth.

This paper proposes a single-stage bridgeless isolated AC-DC power factor correction (PFC) topology, and this topology can realize the function of step-up and the galvanic isolation for the AC input and DC output voltages through single-stage power conversion process. Firstly, the operation principle of the topology is analyzed in details. Then, by reasonably designing the series resonant parameters, the zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) turn-on for the power switches in the primary-side and zero-current-switching (ZCS) turn-off for the output rectifier diodes in the secondary-side of the transformer can also be achieved under wide load range, and the voltage stress of the power switches are also reduced based on the active clamping technology. The design procedure for the key components of the proposed converter is also derived. Finally, a 3 kW experimental prototype based on SiC power devices with 85 kHz switching frequency is built to verify the correctness and feasibility of the proposed topology, and the experimental results show a good performance. It can operates in a wide input grid voltage range, 95.7% of peak conversion efficiency and 3.9% of total harmonic distortion(THD) value for grid current could be obtained.

Background: The impact of concomitant impairments of left and right ventricular (LV and RV) strain on the long-term prognosis of acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is not clear.Methods: We analyzed CMR images and followed up 420 first STEMI patients from the EARLY Assessment of MYOcardial Tissue Characteristics by CMR in STEMI (EARLY-MYO-CMR) registry (NCT03768453). These patients received timely primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) within 12 h and CMR examination within 1 week (median, 5 days; range, 2–7 days) after infarction. Global longitudinal strain (GLS), global radial strain (GRS), and global circumferential strain (GCS) of both ventricles were measured based on CMR cine images. Conventional CMR indexes were also assessed. Primary clinical outcome was composite major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) including cardiovascular death, re-infarction, re-hospitalization for heart failure and stroke. In addition, CMR data from 40 people without apparent heart disease were used as control group.Results: Compared to controls, both LV and RV strains were remarkably reduced in STEMI patients. During follow-up (median: 52 months, interquartile range: 29–68 months), 80 patients experienced major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) including cardiovascular death, re-infarction, heart failure, and stroke. LV-GCS > −11.20% was an independent predictor of MACCEs (P < 0.001). RV-GRS was the only RV strain index that could effectively predict the risk of MACCEs (AUC = 0.604, 95% CI [0.533, 0.674], P = 0.004). Patient with RV-GRS ≤ 38.79% experienced more MACCEs than those with preserved RV-GRS (log rank P < 0.001). Moreover, patients with the concomitant decrease of LV-GCS and RV-GRS were more likely to experience MACCEs than patients with decreased LV-GCS alone (log rank P = 0.010). RV-GRS was incremental to LV-GCS for the predictive power of MACCEs (continuous NRI: 0.327; 95% CI: 0.095–0.558; P = 0.006). Finally, tobacco use (P = 0.003), right coronary artery involvement (P = 0.002), and LV-GCS > −11.20% (P = 0.012) was correlated with lower RV-GRS.Conclusions: The concomitant decrease of LV and RV strain is associated with a worse long-term prognosis than impaired LV strain alone. Combination assessment of both LV and RV strain indexes could improve risk stratification of patients with STEMI.Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03768453. Registered 7 December 2018 - Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03768453.

Abstract This paper is concerned with the nonlinear Klein–Gordon–Maxwell system {−Δz+V(x)z−(2ω+ϕ)ϕz=g(x,z)x∈R3,Δϕ=(ω+ϕ)z2x∈R3, $$\begin{aligned} \textstyle\begin{cases} -\Delta z+V(x)z-(2\omega +\phi )\phi z= g(x,z) & x\in \mathbb{R}^{3}, \\ \Delta \phi =(\omega +\phi )z^{2} &x\in \mathbb{R}^{3}, \end{cases}\displaystyle \end{aligned}$$ where the potential V and the primitive of g are both allowed to be sign-changing. Under more general superlinear assumptions on the nonlinearity, we obtain a new existence result of infinitely many high energy solutions by using variational methods. Some recent results in the literature are generalized and significantly improved.

The light hydrocarbon content (S1) of shale oil is lost in aboveground experimental measurements, which do not accurately reflect actual underground light hydrocarbon content and cannot meet the demands of resource quantity calculation. Based on field and laboratory experimental data from the second member of the Kongdian Formation in the Cangdong Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, the retained oil and movable oil contents in shale were calculated using a mathematical formula, and the total resources were quantified. The correction coefficient of S1 from pyrolysis and the adsorption of oil by the total organic carbon (TOC) were determined to be 1.25 and 100 mg/g, respectively. The calculated parameter movable oil content (Smovable) and the corresponding calculation formula of S1 are proposed. The lower limit of S1 is 100 mg HC/g rock, the TOC content is 4 wt % and 6 wt %, and the corrected movable oil content of 3 mg/g and 6 mg/g, respectively, will be of great significance in shale oil geology and engineering. The optimal geological and engineering settings are divided into three categories and eight subcategories on the basis of these findings. Methods for evaluating total, movable, and recoverable oil resources from shale are discussed, which elucidate a new method for quantitative evaluation and ranking of shale oil resources. This approach is suitable for application in other shale oil exploration and development areas globally.

Oxygen-enriched combustion can improve thermal efficiency and reduce CO, unburned hydrocarbons and soot emissions in internal combustion engines. There are significant differences in the combustion process and pollutant emissions between oxygen-enriched and air condition. In order to develop an improved understanding of the effect of oxygen concentration on n-heptane oxidation, the jet-stirred reactor oxidation characteristics of n-heptane were experimentally tested at temperatures of 450-950 K and pressures of 1.03 atm with the residence time (τ) of 2 s, under the condition of oxygen mole fractions from 0.055 to 0.6. Meantime, the simulations were performed on CHEMKIN. Results show that, firstly, with the increase of oxygen concentration, the NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) effect is weakened, mainly due to the strengthening of low-temperature reaction path, which is also the reason for the improvement of ignition stability in cold-start condition of engines. Secondly, the activity of the reaction system improves with the increase of oxygen concentration. Within 500-750 K, it is due to enhancement of the low-temperature reaction path. When the temperature is higher than 750 K, the improvement is due to the enhancement of decomposition of H2O2 and addition reaction of H and O2. Thirdly, with the increase of oxygen concentration, both the generation and consumption of CO are strengthened, which leads to the tip of the diesel spray flame changing from soot area under air condition to the CO chemiluminescence.

Background/Aims: Both experimental and clinical studies have revealed satisfactory effects of the traditional Chinese formula Buyang Huanwu decoction (BYHWD) in improving post-intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) neurological deficiencies. However, the multifaceted mechanisms of BYHWD in ICH treatment are not comprehensively understood. The present study explored various therapeutic targets of BYHWD by using lncRNA and mRNA transcriptomics. Methods: LncRNA and mRNA microarrays were used to identify differentially expressed genes. ICH-induced upregulated genes (ICH vs sham) and BYHWD-induced downregulated genes (BYHWD vs ICH) were first identified. The intersection between these 2 sets was determined to identify ICH-induced highly expressed genes that were reversed by BYHWD. Then, the genes downregulated after ICH and the genes upregulated after BYHWD treatment were used to generate another set of intersections. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses were subsequently performed to determine relative biological functions and signaling transduction pathways according to genes within the intersections. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to validate changes in gene expression observed using the microarray. Finally, a lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network was established to identify links among the genes within the intersections. Results: A total of 18 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 33 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified using 2 lncRNA arrays (ICH vs sham and BYHWD vs ICH). The altered genes were enriched in the hemoglobin complex, oxygen transport and oxygen transporter and were closely associated with pyruvate metabolism. The co-expression network consisted of 53 nodes and 595 connections (308 positive interactions and 287 negative interactions). Conclusion: The hemoglobin complex, oxygen transport, oxygen transporter activity and pyruvate metabolism are possible therapeutic targets of BYHWD in ICH treatment. The present study provides the basis and direction for future investigations to explore the mechanisms by which BYHWD protects against long-term neurological deficiencies after ICH.

The paper expounded principles of mine drilling rescue communication technology, emphatically introduced research progress at home and abroad of drilling rescue communication technology, including drilling rescue detection technology, mine rescue command system and visualization technology, high-speed transmission and exchange technology of drilling rescue, pointed out problems need to be solved of mine drilling rescue communication technology and its development tendency: each function and composition of drilling rescue communication system should be independent and organic unification, so as to guarantee normal use of other functions of the system in upgrade process;drilling rescue communication technology should have higher accuracy on links of sound and video image acquisition, environmental monitoring of disaster scene, communication and storage; the drilling rescue communication system should have functions of self-check and recovery through further improving of reliability of data communication system, so as to provide effective reference for establishment of mine rescue plan; application software matched with rescue communication equipments was perfected to ensure that rescue information is real-time interaction transmission with vivid presence to facilitate commanders to do subsequent decisions; error and error judgement and early warning technology of data acquisition system was researched to ensure accurate of rescue information and improve rescue efficiency and success.

Hui Wang,1 Tao Wang,1 Qian Wang,2 Wenyuan Ding1 1Department of Spine Surgery, 2Financial Statistics Department, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China Introduction: The aim of this study was to explore the incidence and risk factors of persistent low back pain (PLBP) following posterior decompression and instrumented fusion for lumbar disk herniation and to provide references in decision-making and surgical planning for both spinal surgeons and surgically treated patients.Patients and methods: By retrieving the medical records from January 2013 to December 2016, 221 patients were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were classified as having PLBP if numeric rating scale (NRS) scores were >50 at all postoperative follow-up time points (3 months, 6 months, and 12 months). According to the occurrence of PLBP, patients were divided into two groups: PLBP group and non (N)-PLBP group. To investigate risk values for PLBP, the following three categorized factors were analyzed statistically. Patient characteristics: age, gender, body mass index (BMI), preoperative low back pain, comorbidity, smoking, and drinking. Surgical variables: surgical strategy, surgical segment, the number of fusion levels, surgery time, blood loss, and size of incision. Radiographic parameters: preoperative lumbar lordosis (LL), correction of LL at immediate postoperation, Modic changes, and preoperative paraspinal muscle degeneration.Results: PLBP was detected in 16 patients and were enrolled into the PLBP group. There was no difference between the two groups in age, gender, BMI, comorbidity, smoking, and drinking. The preoperative low back pain was more severe in the PLBP group than that in the N-PLBP group. There was no difference in surgery time, blood loss, surgical strategy, number of fusion levels, and the size of incision. Surgery segment at L5–S1 was more prevalent in the PLBP group than that in the N-PLBP group, and there was no difference in preoperative LL, correction of LL, preoperative lumbar mobility, and Modic changes. The fatty infiltration rate (FIR) was larger in the PLBP group than that in the N-PLBP group. Multivariate logistic regression model revealed that preoperative low back pain (NRS > 35), surgery segment at L5–S1, and FIR > 15% were independently associated with PLBP.Conclusion: The incidence of PLBP following posterior decompression and instrumented fusion for lumbar disk herniation is 7.2%, and the risk factors include preoperative low back pain, surgery segment at L5–S1, and preoperative paraspinal muscle degeneration. Keywords: persistent low back pain, posterior decompression and instrumented fusion, lumbar disk herniation

Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) belongs to Luteovirus and is limited only at phloem related tissues. An open reading frame (ORF) 4 of BYDV codes for the movement protein (MP) of BYDV gating plasmodesmata (PD) to facilitate virus movement. Like other Luteoviruses, ORF 4 of BYDV is embedded in the ORF3 but expressed from the different reading frame in leaky scanning manner. Although MP is a very important protein for systemic infection of BYDV, there was a little information. In this study, MP was characterized in terms of subcellular localization and programmed cell death (PCD). Gene of MP or its mutant (ΔMP) was expressed by Agroinfiltration method. MP was clearly localized at the nucleus and the PD, but ΔMP which was deleted distal N-terminus of MP showed no localization to PD exhibited the different target with original MP. In addition to PD localization, MP appeared associated with small granules in cytoplasm whereas ΔMP did not. MP associated with PD and small granules induced PCD, but ΔMP showed no association with PD and small granules did not exhibit PCD. Based on this study, the distal N-terminal region within MP is seemingly responsible for the localization of PD and the induction small granules and PCD induction. These results suggest that subcellular localization of BYDV MP may modulate the PCD in Nicotiana benthamiana.