Search

Background Chronic atrophic gastritis is a common clinical precancerous lesion, which is prone to recurrent attacks and seriously affects the quality of life of patients. At present, Western medicine has limited effect in the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis, while acupuncture has good results in the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis, but which acupuncture therapy is the best still inconclusive. Objective To compare the clinical efficacy among different acupuncture and moxibustion therapies on chronic atrophic gastritis by network meta-analysis. Methods The articals of randomized controlled trials for chronic atrophic gastritis treated with acupuncture and moxibustion therapies were searched from CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science until April 30, 2023 according to the inclusion exclusion criteria. Literature quality assessment was based on ROB2 bias assessment tool, network meta-analysis was performed using RStudio software, and funnel plotting was used Stata software for publication bias risk assessment. Results 26 articles involving 10 interventions with a sample size of 2 068 cases were included. The results of network meta-analysis showed that in clinical efficacy, there were five acupuncture therapies were superior to conventional western medicines, including western medicine combined with acupoint injection, catgut embedment in acupoint therapy, western medicine combined with acupuncture, needle warming therapy and acupuncture (Pcatgut embedment in acupoint therapy (0.80) >western medicine combined with acupuncture (0.67) >needle warming therapy and acupuncture (0.59) >western medicine combined with fire dragon moxibustion (0.58) >acupuncture (0.48) >western medicine combined with ginger separated moxibustion (0.40) >thunder-fire moxibustion (0.31) >western medicine combined with electroacupuncture (0.24) >conventional western medicine (0.06). In improving the efficacy of gastroscopy, five acupuncture therapies were superior to conventional western medicines, including catgut embedment in acupoint therapy, needle warming therapy, western medicine combined with acupuncture, acupuncture and western medicine combined with acupoint injection (Pneedle warming therapy and acupuncture (0.72) >western medicine combined with acupuncture (0.58) >acupuncture (0.47) >western medicine combined with acupoint injection (0.41) >conventional western medicine (0.01). In terms of pathological efficacy, there were five acupuncture therapies that were superior to conventional western medicines, such as catgut embedment in acupoint therapy and needle warming therapy and acupuncture (Pwestern medicine combined with acupuncture (0.59) >needle warming therapy and acupuncture (0.53) >acupuncture (0.52) >western medicine combined with acupoint injection (0.51) >conventional western medicine (0.06) . Conclusion Western medicine combined with acupoint injection is preferred for patients with obvious clinical symptoms, while catgut embedment in acupoint therapy is preferred for patients with no obvious symptoms. Catgut embedment in acupoint therapy can not only improve the clinical efficacy, but also improve the efficacy of gastroscopy and pathological than other acupuncture treatments.

Purposes The sparse feature map established by using VSLAM cannot be directly used for navigation, and the existing methods of converting sparse feature maps into grid maps for navigation suffer from low accuracy of map construction, resulting in the failure to achieve accurate navigation. An improved ORB-SLAM3 navigation method is proposed based on multi-convex combined maximum correntropy criterion (MCMCC), which can realize the construction, positioning, and navigation of indoor real-time mapping on the embedded device with only a RGB-D camera. Methods The proposed method uses the back-end optimization algorithm based on MCMCC to combat the influence of non-Gaussian noises and to further improve the mapping accuracy of ORB-SLAM. Subsequently, in the process of converting the sparse feature map into a grid map, the grid map is updated with the loop detection information to improve the grid map accuracy for accurate navigation. Findings Furthermore, simulation and real scene experiments have been carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

To establish a rapid detection method for norovirus GII.2 genotype, this study employed reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) combined with CRISPR/Cas12a and lateral flow strip (RT-RPA-Cas12a-LFS). Here, the genome of norovirus GII.2 genotype was compared to identify highly conserved sequences, facilitating the design of RT-RPA primers and crRNA specific to the conserved regions of norovirus GII.2. Subsequently, the reaction parameters of RT-RPA were optimized and evaluated using agar-gel electrophoresis and LFS. The results indicate that the conserved sequences of norovirus GII.2 were successfully amplified through RT-RPA at 37°C for 25 minutes. Additionally, CRISPR/Cas12a-mediated cleavage detection was achieved through LFS at 37°C within 10 minutes using the amplification products as templates. Including the isothermal amplification reaction time, the total time is 35 minutes. The established RT-RPA-Cas12a-LFS method demonstrated specific detection of norovirus GII.2, yielding negative results for other viral genomes, and exhibited an excellent detection limit of 10 copies/μl. The RT-RPA-Cas12a-LFS method was further compared with qRT-PCR by analyzing 60 food-contaminated samples. The positive conformity rate was 100%, the negative conformity rate was 95.45%, and the overall conformity rate reached 98.33%. This detection method for norovirus GII.2 genotype is cost-effective, highly sensitive, specific, and easy to operate, offering a promising technical solution for field-based detection of the norovirus GII.2 genotype.

Left bundle branch block (LBBB) is an important cause of heart failure. When LBBB occurs, the excitation sequence of the left ventricle changes, leading to the change of cardiac systolic pattern, resulting in cardiac electromechanical asynchronism, and eventually heart failure. At present, there is no unified standard for the diagnosis of true LBBB, and the epidemiological characteristics are unclear. This paper will focus on a comprehensive discussion of LBBB's anatomic features, electrocardiographic manifestations, epidemiology, etiology, clinical significance and treatment.

This paper summarized the nursing practice of Traditional Chinese Medicine emotion regulation in relieving anxiety of a patient undergoing total laparoscopic hysterectomy. Based on the routine care, a comprehensive plan of emotion regulation including psychological support, relaxation training; music-guided imagination and interview-based interventions were carried out to relieve the anxiety before and after surgery, and improve the patient’s sleep quality and postoperative recovery. (本文总结1例应用中医情志护理三部曲缓解腹腔镜子宫全切术患者围手术期焦虑状态的护理体会。在常规护理基础上, 采用心理支持、放松训练、引导性音乐想象及访谈干预措施, 有效缓解患者术前、术后焦虑情绪, 改善患者睡眠质量, 促进早期康复。)

The incidence of type diabetes mellitus tends to increase with gradual aging of the population, leading to the increasing number of patients with diabetic foot ulcers. Patients may suffer from emotional disorder at any stage of disease. The emotional status is highly related to the development of diabetic foot ulcers, and has a major influence on following treatment and quality of life of patients. The current therapy model combines two evidence-based treatments: drug therapy including anxiolytics and newer antidepressants, non-drug therapy including cognitive-behavioral therapy, psychological care, music therapy and Traditional Chinese Medicine emotional nursing. This paper reviewed studies on pathogenesis, development and interventions on diabetic foot complicating anxiety disorder. (随着我国老龄化逐渐加剧, 老年2型糖尿病患者也日益增多, 同时伴随着足部溃疡的患者数量呈上升趋势。患者在疾病发生、发展的过程中均会出现不同程度的情绪障碍, 而情绪又与糖尿病足的发生、发展息息相关, 对于患者的治疗以及生存质量有着重大的影响。在治疗上主要包括药物治疗和非药物治疗两种方式, 药物治疗主要包括抗焦虑药物和新一代抗抑郁的药物; 非药物治疗主要有认知行为干预、心理护理、音乐疗法、中医情志护理的方法等。本文从糖尿病足合并焦虑的发病机制、发展原因、干预措施等方面进行综述, 并做简要分析。)

By searching ancient books and literature, this paper summarized the development history of Traditional Chinese Medicine hot ironing therapy and its treatment methods, therapeutic effects and application progress in spleen and stomach diseases, and to understand the research status of Traditional Chinese Medicine hot ironing therapy in the treatment of spleen and stomach diseases. Current researches findings showed that Traditional Chinese Medicine hot ironing therapy were effective in the treatment of spleen and stomach diseases, and more in-depth researches should be conducted to improve the clinical practice and ensure the therapeutic effect. (本文通过查找、检索有关热熨疗法的相关古籍及文献资料, 总结中医热熨疗法的发展历史, 以及脾胃疾病治疗方法、治疗效果和应用进展, 旨在了解中医热熨疗法在脾胃疾病中的研究现状。中医热熨疗法治疗脾胃疾病效果良好, 应不断深入研究, 使其能更好地发挥治疗效果。)

In this article, a review focusing on the frost resistance of recycled coarse aggregate concrete (RAC) and the bond performance of RAC with rebar under freeze–thaw environment is carried out. The results show that there are still some controversies about the advantages and disadvantages of the frost resistance of RAC, and many influencing factors have not been considered. The mass of the RAC pullout specimens shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing after freeze‒thaw cycles. The failure modes of the RAC pullout specimens after freeze‒thaw cycles include pullout failure, pullout-splitting failure, splitting failure, and rebar yielding failure. The bond performance of RAC with rebar shows a degradation trend after freeze‒thaw cycles, mainly in the decrease in bond strength and the increase in bond slip. The bond performance of RAC specimens is inferior to that of natural aggregate concrete specimens after freeze‒thaw cycles. The bond strength prediction models and the bond–slip constitutive relation prediction models of RAC with rebar after freeze‒thaw cycles have been summarized to ensure that engineers can better understand their applicability. The bond stress distribution between the RAC and rebar in the anchoring area is not uniform and constantly changes with the number of freeze‒thaw cycles. The degradation mechanism of the bond performance of RAC with rebar after freeze‒thaw cycles is analyzed.

ObjectiveTo study the effect and possible mechanism of Panax ginseng fructus juice concentrate on immune injury induced by cyclophosphamide in mice.MethodsSeventy-two specific pathogen-free （SPF） C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into six groups （12 per group）， including blank group， cyclophosphamide group， positive drug group， low-， middle- and high-dose Panax ginseng fructus juice concentrate groups （83， 166， 249 mg/kg）. From day 1 to day 14， mice in three groups of Panax ginseng fructus juice concentrate were intragastrically administrated with concentrate at volumes of corresponding dosage， and mice in blank group and cyclophosphamide group were gavaged with the same amount of distilled water. Mice in positive drug group were also intragastrically administrated with the same amount of water from day 1 to day 7， and then from day 8 to day 14， gavaged with 20 mg/kg levamisole hydrochloride （LH）. From day 12 to day 14， mice in cyclophosphamide group， positive drug group and three Panax ginseng fructus juice concentrate groups were intraperitoneally injected with 80 mg/kg cyclophosphamide， while those in blank group were injected with the same amount of normal saline. At the end of the experiment， the spleen index was calculated， leukocyte （WBC）， lymphocyte （LYM） and LYM% in peripheral blood were measured， and the activities of lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） and acid phosphatase （ACP） in serum and spleen， activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）， catalase （CAT） and malondialdehyde （MDA） content in spleen homogenate were measured.ResultsThere was no significant difference in body weight among groups （P>0.05）. Compared with blank group， the spleen index of mice decreased （P

ObjectiveTo investigate the current situation of health communication carried out by medical institutions in Shanghai through new media platforms such as WeChat， Weibo， Toutiao， Douyin， Kuaishou， Bilibili and WeChat Videos， and to propose targeted measures.MethodsBased on the systematic collection of new media accounts of medical institutions in Shanghai， and through the combination of keyword screening and manual audit， health communication data of medical institutions on new media platforms were determined.ResultsData from 1 117 new media accounts of 162 medical institutions in Shanghai were collected， including 610 WeChat official accounts， 105 WeChat video accounts， 89 Weibo accounts， 18 Bilibili accounts， 198 Douyin accounts， 37 Toutiao accounts， and 60 Kuaishou accounts， totaling 111 853 posts. After keyword sorting and manual screening， a total of 66 761 health science posts were collected， with WeChat Official Accounts， Douyin， and Weibo having the top three highest number of posts. Video-based new media such as Douyin， WeChat Videos， Kuaishou， and Bilibili had a better communication impact than text and image-based new media like WeChat Official Accounts， Weibo， and Toutiao. Among them， Douyin and Toutiao were the best platforms for video and text-image-based new media， respectively.ConclusionMedical institutions in Shanghai recognize the importance of new media in health communication and have made full use of various media platforms to carry out health communication，having a certain impact on health education. In the future， medical institutions should choose appropriate platforms based on target audiences and content characteristics， fully leverage the advantages of various platforms， explore innovative communication strategies， promote the dissemination of health knowledge， and enhance the health literacy of the public.

Feline parvovirus (FPV) is highly infectious for cats and other Felidae and often causes severe damage to young kittens. In this study, we incorporated recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and Cas12a-mediated detection and developed an RPA-Cas12a-based real-time or end-point fluorescence detection method to identify the NS1 gene of FPV. The total time of RPA-Cas12a-based fluorescence assay is approximately 25 min. The assay presented a limit of detection (LOD) of 1 copies/μl (25 copies/per reaction), with no cross-reactivity with several feline pathogens. The clinical performance of the assay was examined using total genomic DNA purified from 60 clinical specimens and then compared to results obtained with qPCR detection of FPV with 93.3% positive predictive agreement and 100% negative predictive agreement. Together, the rapid reaction, cost-effectiveness, and high sensitivity make the RPA-Cas12a-based fluorescence assay a fascinating diagnostic tool that will help minimize infection spread through instant detection of FPV.

Abstract Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains one of the most aggressive tumors and the efficacy of conventional treatment has been bleak. Nowadays, gene-targeted therapy has become a new favorite in tumor therapy. Herein, we investigated the effect of platelet derived growth factor BB (PDGFBB) on LUAD. Firstly, PDGFBB was upregulated in LUAD patients and closely linked with poor survival. Furthermore, the expression of PDGFBB and PDGFRα/β in LUAD cells was higher than that in normal lung cells. By loss-of-function with herpes simplex virus (HSV)-PDGFi-shRNA, we found that PDGFBB knockdown caused a significant decrease in proliferation and migration, but evoked apoptosis of LUAD cells in vitro. Conversely, exogenous PDGFBB held adverse effect. Additionally, A549 cells with PDGFBB knockdown had a low probability of tumorigenesis in vivo. Moreover, PDGFBB knockdown restrained the growth of xenografts derived from normal A549 cells. Mechanistically, PDGFBB knockdown suppressed PI3K/AKT and Ras/MAPK signaling, while PDGFBB was the opposite. Therefore, we concluded that PDGFBB might facilitate the tumorigenesis and malignancy of LUAD through its functional downstream nodes—PI3K/AKT and Ras/MAPK signaling, which supported that PDGFBB could serve as a rational therapeutic target for LUAD.

AIM: To understand the screening and correction of myopia in children and adolescents from the Gannan region of Gansu Province, and to provide guidance for the prevention and control of myopia.METHODS: A cross-sectional stratified cluster sampling study was conducted to select 2 kindergartens and 12 primary and secondary schools in Hezuo City and Zhouqu County, Gannan region of Gansu Province, two classes were randomly selected from each grade, and the whole class was used as a unit for screening. The screening and correction of myopia in children and adolescents were collected for statistical analysis.RESULTS: A total of 5 072 children and adolescents were selected, and 4 806 valid data were finally included after excluding unqualified records. The overall prevalence of myopia was 45.55%, and the prevalence of myopia showed an increasing trend with the increase of grade(P

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas is an important precancerous lesion to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Clinical decisions in the diagnosis and treatment of IPMN are foremost based on a profound understanding of the related pathology of IPMN. Systematic literature reviews were conducted around four aspects of macroscopic examination, microscopic examination, molecular detection and differential diagnosis of IPMN. This review provided updated perspectives on gross types, histological grades and differentiation subtypes, the composition pattern and histological classification of IPMN with invasive carcinoma, the molecular research of IPMN and important differential diagnosis. This analysis confirms the heterogeneity and heterochronous in IPMN, laying the foundation for finding new method to help clinicians developing appropriate diagnosis and treatment plans.

Objective To compare the disinfection effect of three different disinfectants for oral dental chair water lines (DUWLs). Methods Selection of seven independent water source integrated treatment tables in the Stomatology Department of Beijing No. 2 Hospital before opening of the clinic in 2019, divided into 4 groups (3 experimental + 1 control). The experimental group used 500mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant respectively (2 integrated treatment chairs in group A)、3% hydrogen peroxide (Group B, 2 comprehensive treatment chairs)、60 g/L silver ion peroxide disinfectant (2 comprehensive treatment chairs in group C) and purified municipal water purified water (1 comprehensive treatment chair in control group D). The DUWLs were disinfected by three different disinfectants, and then water samples from each group of triple lances and high-speed hand pieces were collected for bacterial cultures. To compare the total number of bacterial colonies in each group of DUWLs before disinfection and immediately, 1d, 3d, and 7d after disinfection. Results The bacterial colony counts of pre-disinfection DUWLs had exceeded the standard ( all＞4500 cfu/mL). The total number of bacterial colonies of the three disinfectants immediately after disinfection and 1 day after disinfection decreased remarkably, and were lower than that of the pre-disinfection and control group. Three days after disinfection, except for experimental group C, the total number of bacterial colonies in experimental groups A and B exceeded the standard for oral healthcare water as stipulated in the Beijing "Technical specification for the disinfection of water circuits in comprehensive oral treatment tables (DB11_T 1703-2019)". The total number of bacterial colonies in groups A, B and C were close to or exceeded the pre-disinfection level 7 days after disinfection. Conclusion Short duration of time to maintain the effect of 500 ml/L chlorine disinfectant and 3% hydrogen peroxide disinfectant on waterway disinfection. Long-term use causes irreparable damage to the inner wall of the pipeline. Silver ionic disinfectant with 60 g/L hydrogen peroxide was optimal in controlling the total number of bacterial colonies and inhibiting bacterial growth time in oral dental chair water lines (DUWLs). (目的 比较3种不同消毒剂对口腔综合治疗台水路(DUWLs)的消毒效果。方法 选取本院2019年装修后待开诊前7台采用独立水源的综合治疗台, 分为4组(3组实验组+1组对照组), 实验组分别采用500 mg/L含氯消毒剂(A组2台综合治疗椅)、3%过氧化氢(B组2台综合治疗椅)、60 g/L过氧化氢银离子消毒剂(C组2台综合治疗椅)和净化后市政用水纯水(D组对照组1台综合治疗椅), 通过3种不同的消毒剂对DUWLs进行消毒, 然后收集各组三用枪和高速手机水样进行细菌培养, 比较各组DUWLs消毒前及消毒后即刻、1d、3d、7d细菌菌落总数。结果 消毒前DUWLs各组细菌菌落总数均严重超标(均＞4500 cfu/mL)。3种消毒剂消毒后即刻和消毒后1 d细菌菌落总数明显下降, 低于消毒前及对照组。消毒后3 d, 除实验C组外, 实验A、B两组细菌菌落总数均超过北京市《口腔综合治疗台水路消毒技术规范(DB11/T 1703-2019)》规定的口腔医疗卫生用水标准。消毒后7 d, A、B、C三组细菌菌落总数均接近或超过消毒前水平。结论 500 mg/L含氯消毒剂和3%过氧化氢消毒剂对水路消毒效果维持时间短, 长期使用对管路内壁造成不可修复的危害。60g/L过氧化氢银离子消毒剂在控制口腔牙椅水路(DUWLs)细菌落数总数和抑制细菌生长时间方面效果最优。)

[Objective]The rural revitalization strategy presents novel requisites for the extension of agricultural technology. However, the conventional method encounters the issue of a contradiction between supply and demand. Therefore, there is a need for further innovation in the supply form of agricultural knowledge. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence technologies, such as deep learning and large-scale neural networks, particularly the advent of large language models (LLMs), render anthropomorphic and intelligent agricultural technology extension feasible. With the agricultural technology knowledge service of fruit and vegetable as the demand orientation, the intelligent agricultural technology question answering system was built in this research based on LLM, providing agricultural technology extension services, including guidance on new agricultural knowledge and question-and-answer sessions. This facilitates farmers in accessing high-quality agricultural knowledge at their convenience.[Methods]Through an analysis of the demands of strawberry farmers, the agricultural technology knowledge related to strawberry cultivation was categorized into six themes: basic production knowledge, variety screening, interplanting knowledge, pest diagnosis and control, disease diagnosis and control, and drug damage diagnosis and control. Considering the current situation of agricultural technology, two primary tasks were formulated: named entity recognition and question answering related to agricultural knowledge. A training corpus comprising entity type annotations and question-answer pairs was constructed using a combination of automatic machine annotation and manual annotation, ensuring a small yet high-quality sample. After comparing four existing Large Language Models (Baichuan2-13B-Chat, ChatGLM2-6B, Llama 2-13B-Chat, and ChatGPT), the model exhibiting the best performance was chosen as the base LLM to develop the intelligent question-answering system for agricultural technology knowledge. Utilizing a high-quality corpus, pre-training of a Large Language Model and the fine-tuning method, a deep neural network with semantic analysis, context association, and content generation capabilities was trained. This model served as a Large Language Model for named entity recognition and question answering of agricultural knowledge, adaptable to various downstream tasks. For the task of named entity recognition, the fine-tuning method of Lora was employed, fine-tuning only essential parameters to expedite model training and enhance performance. Regarding the question-answering task, the Prompt-tuning method was used to fine-tune the Large Language Model, where adjustments were made based on the generated content of the model, achieving iterative optimization. Model performance optimization was conducted from two perspectives: data and model design. In terms of data, redundant or unclear data was manually removed from the labeled corpus. In terms of the model, a strategy based on retrieval enhancement generation technology was employed to deepen the understanding of agricultural knowledge in the Large Language Model and maintain real-time synchronization of knowledge, alleviating the problem of LLM hallucination. Drawing upon the constructed Large Language Model, an intelligent question-answering system was developed for agricultural technology knowledge. This system demonstrates the capability to generate high-precision and unambiguous answers, while also supporting the functionalities of multi-round question answering and retrieval of information sources.[Results and Discussions]Accuracy rate and recall rate served as indicators to evaluate the named entity recognition task performance of the Large Language Models. The results indicated that the performance of Large Language Models was closely related to factors such as model structure, the scale of the labeled corpus, and the number of entity types. After fine-tuning, the ChatGLM Large Language Model demonstrated the highest accuracy and recall rate. With the same number of entity types, a higher number of annotated corpora resulted in a higher accuracy rate. Fine-tuning had different effects on different models, and overall, it improved the average accuracy of all models under different knowledge topics, with ChatGLM, Llama, and Baichuan values all surpassing 85%. The average recall rate saw limited increase, and in some cases, it was even lower than the values before fine-tuning. Assessing the question-answering task of Large Language Models using hallucination rate and semantic similarity as indicators, data optimization and retrieval enhancement generation techniques effectively reduced the hallucination rate by 10% to 40% and improved semantic similarity by more than 15%. These optimizations significantly enhanced the generated content of the models in terms of correctness, logic, and comprehensiveness.[Conclusion]The pre-trained Large Language Model of ChatGLM exhibited superior performance in named entity recognition and question answering tasks in the agricultural field. Fine-tuning pre-trained Large Language Models for downstream tasks and optimizing based on retrieval enhancement generation technology mitigated the problem of language hallucination, markedly improving model performance. Large Language Model technology has the potential to innovate agricultural technology knowledge service modes and optimize agricultural knowledge extension. This can effectively reduce the time cost for farmers to obtain high-quality and effective knowledge, guiding more farmers towards agricultural technology innovation and transformation. However, due to challenges such as unstable performance, further research is needed to explore optimization methods for Large Language Models and their application in specific scenarios.

Wasted clay bricks as coarse aggregate of recycled concrete is an effective solution to save energy and reduce CO2 emissions in the construction industry. However, the mechanical properties and frost resistance of recycled brick aggregate (RBA) concrete are inferior to those of ordinary concrete, which limits its widespread application. In this research, the effects of RBA, polypropylene fiber (PPF) and nano-silica (NS) on the mechanical properties and frost resistance of concrete were investigated. The effect of RBA, PPF, and NS on the compressive strength was quantitatively analyzed, and microstructural analysis and fractal dimension calculation of the concrete were performed. The results show that the concrete compressive strength decreased with the increase in RBA replacement rate, and it was effectively improved by adding PPF and NS (PPF-NS). The compressive strength first increased and then decreased with the increase in PPF and NS. The improvement effect of 0.12% PPF and 2% NS on the compressive strength of 50% replacement rate of RBA concrete was most effective. The gray relational degrees between the compressive strength and RBA, PPF, and NS were 0.6578, 0.8297, and 0.5941, respectively. The frost resistance of PPF-NS modified concrete was better than that of ordinary concrete, mainly manifested in its superior apparent phenomena, mass loss, and strength loss. Compared with normal concrete, the microstructure was denser and the fractal dimension of the cross-section was higher for RBA concrete modified with PPF-NS before and after freeze–thaw cycles.

BackgroundMental health disorders in patients with multi-drug or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) receive consistent attention. Anxiety and depression can manifest and may impact disease progression in patients with MDR/RR-TB. Given the heightened stressors resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, this scenario is even more concerning.ObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence of and risk factors associated with anxiety and depression among patients with MDR/RR-TB in southern China.MethodsA facility-based cross-sectional study was undertaken at Guangzhou Chest Hospital in southern China, encompassing a cohort of 219 patients undergoing outpatient and inpatient treatment for MDR/RR-TB. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed using the 7-Item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The ramifications of anxiety and depression were examined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, with odds ratios (ORs) and age- and sex-adjusted ORs (AORs) employed to quantify their influence. All data underwent statistical analysis using SPSS 25.0, with statistical significance established at P < 0.05.ResultsTwo hundred and nineteen individuals with MDR/RR-TB were included in the study. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was 57.53% (n = 126) and 65.75% (n = 144), respectively, with 33.3% (n = 73) of the participants experiencing both conditions simultaneously. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that an age of 20–40 years [anxiety AOR = 3.021, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.240–7.360; depression AOR = 3.538, 95% CI: 1.219–10.268], disease stigma (anxiety AOR = 10.613, 95% CI: 2.966–37.975; depression AOR = 4.514, 95% CI: 2.051–10.108) and poor physical health (anxiety AOR = 7.636, 95% CI: 2.938–19.844; depression AOR = 6.190, 95% CI: 2.468–15.529) were significant risk factors for moderate levels of anxiety and depression.ConclusionsWe found that individuals with MDR/RR-TB had an elevated risk of anxiety and depression. To decrease the likelihood of unfavorable treatment outcomes, it is imperative to carefully monitor the psychological wellbeing of patients with MDR/RR-TB and promptly address any detrimental psychiatric conditions.

Hundreds of bamboo shoots have been reported to be edible, but the accumulation of trace elements and hazardous elements in bamboo shoots is poorly understood. Here, 100 bamboo species have been evaluated by screening elements including B, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and As in bamboo shoots using different assessment systems. Bamboo shoots displayed different morphological characteristics, and large differences were found in the concentration of elements. Most bamboo shoots were rich in Fe and Zn and low concentrations of hazardous elements, but the concentration of Cd and Pb exceeded the maximum permissible limits of tuber vegetables in some bamboo species. Different bamboo shoots were ranked differently in the four assessment systems, and the comprehensive evaluation assigned final scores to all 100 bamboo shoots. This study provides valuable recommendations for selecting high-quality bamboo shoots that are rich in trace elements nutrition while minimizing the potential for hazardous element accumulation.

Research on oral health-related quality of life plays an important role in not only clinical practice but also public health decision-making. This paper reviewed studies on current status and influencing factors of oral health-related quality of life in adolescents, and provided reference for improve of oral healthcare and health-related quality in in adolescents. (口腔健康相关生活质量不仅对临床实践有重要意义, 而且对公共卫生工作的方针、政策的制定也有重要参考价值。本研究就青少年口腔健康相关生活质量现状以及影响因素进行综述, 旨在为提高青少年口腔健康相关生活质量提供理论依据。)

Phorate, a highly toxic organophosphorus pesticide, poses significant risks due to its efficiency, versatility, and affordability. Therefore, studying pretreatment and detection methods for phorate in complex samples is crucial. In this study, we synthesized core-shell phorate aptamer-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles using solvothermal and self-assembly techniques. Subsequently, we developed a magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction and detection method to identifying phorate in plasma samples. Under optimal conditions, we achieved quantitation of phorate within a range of 2–700 ng·mL−1 using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The detection limit (S/N = 3) was 0.46 ng·mL−1, and the intraday and interday relative standard deviation were 3.4% and 4.1%, respectively. In addition, the material exhibited excellent specificity, an enrichment capacity (EF = 416), and reusability (≥15). During phorate extraction from real plasma samples, spiked recoveries ranged from 86.1% to 101.7%. These results demonstrate that our method offers superior extraction efficiency and detection capability for phorate in plasma samples.

[Objective] The spatiotemporal characteristics of soil erosion were analyzed in order to provide a reference for soil erosion control and evaluation of soil and water conservation benefits. [Methods] Based on the RUSLE soil erosion equation, the spatial-temporal evolution of soil erosion in the typical black soil region of Binxian County, Heilongjiang Province from 2000 to 2020 was analyzed with the support of RS and GIS. The effects of topographic factors and land use on soil erosion were also investigated. [Results] ① The average modulus of soil erosion in 2000, 2010, and 2020 was 893.02 t/(km2·yr), 499.84 t/(km2·yr), and 1 561.02 t/(km2·yr), respectively. The soil erosion intensity was mainly classified as slight and mild. ② The low intensity erosion was distributed across the entire region, and the high intensity erosion was mainly located in the southern mountainous area. ③ Erosion mainly occurred at elevations of 100 to 200 m. Soil erosion area was inversely proportional to slope. 0°—5° slope was the main erosion gradient zone. Soil erosion area in the direction of the north slope was larger than in the direction of the south slope; ④ The soil erosion modulus and the area of sloping farmland in the study area were larger. This area is the key area for soil erosion control in Binxian County, Heilongjiang Province. [Conclusion] From 2000 to 2020, the average soil erosion modulus initially increased and then decreased, showing a significant spatiotemporal differentiation. Topographic factors and land use change had significant driving effects on soil erosion in the study area. It can be used as a reference for soil erosion control and soil and water conservation benefit evaluation in black soil region.

Objective Relevant evidence of the prevention and management of frailty in elderly patients was retrieved, and the best evidence was formed after evaluation and summary, so as to provide reasonable and effective programs for the prevention or improvement of senile patients' debilitation. Methods A computer search was conducted on domestic and foreign databases and related websites to systematically search for relevant systematic reviews, guidelines, meta-analyses, expert consensus and evidence summaries related to the prevention and management of frailty in elderly patients. The search period is set to December 31, 2022. Results A total of 14 relevant literatures were included in this study. Specifically, it includes 6 systematic reviews/meta-analyses, 5 guidelines, 1 expert consensus and 2 evidence summaries. Finally, 7 evidence themes were formed, including identification and evaluation, systematic management, dietary intervention, exercise, medication management, multi-field intervention and continuous education, a total of 30 pieces of evidence. Conclusion This study summarizes the best available evidence on the prevention and management of frailty in elderly patients. Nursing staff should be careful to apply evidence to existing work, multidisciplinary team cooperation and combined with the patient's own situation to develop personalized prevention and management programs, so as to reduce the adverse effects of fateful state on patients' life and prognosis, promote the transformation of evidence into clinical practice. (目的 检索国内外老年衰弱患者预防及管理的相关证据, 评价与整合后形成最佳证据, 为预防或改善老年患者衰弱状态提供合理有效的方案。方法 使用计算机检索国内外数据库与相关网站, 系统地查找有关预防和管理老年患者衰弱的相关系统评价、指南、Meta分析、专家共识以及证据总结等。检索时限设定为建库至2022年12月31日。结果 最终共纳入相关文献14篇, 包括系统评价/Meta分析6篇, 指南5篇, 专家共识1篇以及证据总结2篇。最终形成了7个证据主题: 识别与评估、系统管理、饮食干预、运动锻炼、用药管理、多领域干预及延续化教育, 共30条证据。结论 本研究对目前预防和管理老年患者衰弱状态的最佳证据进行汇总。护理人员应慎重地将证据应用到现有的工作中, 多学科团队合作且结合患者自身情况制定个性化的预防及管理方案, 从而降低衰弱状态对患者生活和预后的不良影响, 推动证据向临床实践的转化。)

With populations aging rapidly due to declining fertility rates and increasing life expectancy, oral health has been a neglected aspect of global health, and older people are representative of vulnerable groups heavily affected by oral diseases. This study describes the aging situation faced by China, the oral health status of the elderly, the necessity of maintaining oral health of the elderly and the connection between oral health and general health of the elderly. It systematically summarizes the oral health countermeasures taken by domestic and foreign countries in the face of population aging, and provides theoretical references for effective nursing measures for the oral health of the elderly in the future. (全球人口老龄化趋势加重, 老年人群是受口腔疾病严重影响的弱势群体的代表。本研究阐述了我国目前老年人群的口腔健康状况, 维护老年人口腔健康的必要性以及老年人的口腔健康和一般健康的联系, 系统概括了国内外面对人口老龄化所采取的口腔健康措施, 以期为建立完善的老年人口腔健康护理措施提供理论参考。)

Global warming has caused changes in various ecological processes and has potential to change ecosystems’ stability. In spite of comprehensive studies to investigate air temperatures under global warming, much less is known about changes in soil temperatures, particularly in deep layers. Herein, we used 30 years of soil temperature data from a temperate steppe region to assess vertical characteristics and their changes in soil temperature from the surface to a depth of 3.20 m. We determined, apparently for the first time, that the soil temperature is the lowest at 0.2 cm layer at an annual level. Furthermore, the vertical variation of soil temperature (temperature variation with soil depth) strictly conformed to composite exponential function curves, and there were two composite exponential function curves that are symmetric to each other, to represent soil temperature in a pair of months with a difference of 6 months. Parameters in the functions changed as the soil warmed over 30 years. This finding explored the pattern of soil temperature in deep layers depending on the mathematics model. Model building and understanding is beneficial for predicting vertical and temporal extensions of soil temperature and their impact on below-ground processes in regional ecosystem.

Abstract Aim To evaluate the effect of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS)‐optimized management system with nurse‐led multidisciplinary cooperation. Design A quasi‐experimental design. Methods Nursing department cooperated with medical and clinical department to establish an ERAS‐optimized management system. After the system was developed, it was applied in surgical departments of the hospital. Using convenience sampling, 220 selective surgical patients, 82 nurses and 98 doctors from January 1st, 2021 to July 31st, 2021 were selected as the trial group. 220 selective surgical patients, 82 nurses and 98 doctors were selected as the control group from January 1st, 2020 to July 31st, 2020. ERAS observation indicators were compared between the two groups before and 6 months after implementation. The nurse professional identity scores and satisfaction of medical cooperation scores of the two groups at different time points were analysed by repeated analysis of variance. Results After the implementation, ERAS observation indicators in the trial group were better than the control group (p

This paper summarized the postoperative nursing of a patient undergoing surgery for lumbar disc herniation. Based on the comprehensive nursing assessment and analysis of key nursing issues, targeted nursing interventions including pain control, dietary guidance, catheter maintenance, postoperative functional exercise and prevention of complications were carried out to improve the recovery of the patient. (本文总结1例腰椎间盘突出症患者的术后护理体会。在完善术后护理评估的基础上, 明确护理问题并制定护理计划, 实施针对性护理措施, 包括疼痛控制、饮食指导、管路维护、术后功能锻炼和并发症预防, 促进患者康复。)

In the rockfall prevention and control project, the reinforced concrete (RC) slab and sand (gravel soil) soil cushion layer are commonly used to form the protection structure, thereby resisting the rockfall impact. Considering that the oversized deformation of the cushion layer under impact load using the finite element simulation cannot converge, this article establishes a numerical calculation model using smoothed particle hydrodynamics–finite-element method coupling (SPH–FEM). First, the standard Lagrange finite-element mesh is established for the whole model using ABAQUS, and then the finite-element mesh of the soil cushion layer is converted to SPH particle at the initial moment of the calculation, and finally the calculation results are solved and outputted. The results indicate that, compared with the results of the outdoor rockfall impact test, the relative errors of the rockfall impact force and the displacement of the RC slab are within 10%, which proves the rationality of the coupling algorithm; moreover, in terms of the numerical simulation, the SPH–FEM coupling algorithm is more practical than the finite element for reproducing the mobility of the rockfall impacting the sand and soil particles. In addition, at an impact speed of less than 12 m·s−1, the cushion layer is able to absorb more than 85% of the impact energy, which effectively ensures that the RC slab is in an elastic working state under small impact energy and does not undergo destructive damage under large impact energy; the peak impact force of the rockfall is approximately linear with the velocity, and the simulated value of the peak impact force is basically the same as that of the theoretical value of Hertz theory; the numerical simulation is good for reproducing the damage process of the RC slab in accordance with the actual situation. The SPH–FEM coupling algorithm is more justified than the FEM in simulating the large deformation problem, and it can provide a new calculation method for the design and calculation of the rockfall protection structure.

Due to recycled aggregate concrete technology, sustainable resource utilization can be achieved, but the weak frost resistance of this type of concrete affects its application in cold regions. Using waste polypropylene fibers as reinforcing materials can improve the mechanical properties and durability of concrete. This study explores the influence of waste polypropylene fiber on the frost resistance durability and microstructure of recycled brick aggregate (RA) concrete. The results show that with the increase in freeze–thaw cycles, the mass of the concrete first increases and then decreases, while its relative dynamic elastic modulus and compressive strength gradually decrease. After 60 freeze–thaw cycles, the maximum mass loss, maximum relative dynamic elastic modulus loss, and maximum compressive strength loss of the RA concrete are 1.73, 45.1, and 73.7%, respectively. Waste fiber (WF) can improve the frost resistance of concrete, as demonstrated by the obvious reduction in mass loss, relative dynamic elasticity modulus loss, and compressive strength loss, which are 0.11, 33.0, and 64.0%, respectively, after 60 freeze–thaw cycles. The action mechanism of WF on the frost resistance of RA concrete is revealed, and the life prediction model of RA concrete with WF under freeze–thaw conditions is established.

The incidence of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is increasing gradually. Surgical treatment combined with TCM physiotherapy can effectively relieve the pain of LDH patients. This paper summarized perioperative nursing management in a patient undergoing LDH surgery. Nursing intervention was mainly divided into two stages: Routine nursing measures were carried out in the preoperative stage; a comprehensive nursing plan with targeted nursing interventions was made after patient condition analysis. The aim of comprehensive nursing plan was to enhance the stability of spine and lumbar muscles and reduce the risk of complications. (随着现代生活方式的改变, 腰椎间盘突出症发病率呈现逐渐增高趋势。通过手术治疗配合中医理疗, 能够有效缓解患者病痛。本文总结1例腰椎间盘突出症患者的护理经验。护理干预主要分为术前和术后两个阶段, 术前护理干预主要为常规护理措施; 术后则针对患者病情制定护理计划, 给予针对性的护理措施, 旨在增强脊柱及腰背肌的稳定性, 减少各种并发症的发生风险。)

This paper summarized the nursing measures for a patient with intertrochanteric fracture of the right femur. According to the patient's situation, appropriate Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing technology such as auricular point sticking, intradermal acupuncture, acupoint sticking were carried out to relieve the postoperative pain and constipation and improve the recovery of the patient. (本文总结1例右股骨粗隆间骨折患者术后护理经验。术后加强病情观察, 根据患者症状开展耳穴贴压、皮内针治疗、穴位贴敷等中医护理适宜技术, 以减轻患者术后疼痛, 缓解便秘, 促进早期康复。)

This paper summarized the postoperative nursing management of a child with spastic cerebral palsy. The child received selective posterior rhizotomy followed by preoperative examination and preparation. In addition to the interventions on postoperative pain, constipation and infection, a rehabilitation exercise program was carried out to improve the comprehensive recovery of the child after surgery. (本文总结1例痉挛型脑瘫患儿的术后护理体会。患儿入院后完善相关检查和术前准备, 采用选择性脊神经后根切断术治疗, 术后做好疼痛、便秘、感染等护理干预, 根据恢复期制定康复方案, 指导患儿及家属进行康复锻炼, 促使其全面康复。)

This paper summarized the postoperative nursing measures for a patient with cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Based on the postoperative nursing assessment, interventions such as pain control, gastrointestinal function care, airway management were carried out. Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing techniques including intradermal needling, auricular acupoint pressing, Chinese herbal medicine hot-compress, external application and fumigation were conducted under the guidance of syndrome differentiation. The nursing of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine is effective to relieve the pain, improve the gastrointestinal function and prevent the postoperative complications. (本文总结1例脊髓型颈椎病患者术后护理经验。基于术后护理评估, 实施疼痛干预、胃肠道功能干预、呼吸系统管理等护理措施。在常规护理的基础上, 通过辨证施护, 开展皮内针、耳穴压丸、中药热奄包、药膏涂擦及熏蒸等中医适宜护理技术。中西医结合护理干预能够有效减轻患者疼痛, 改善胃肠道功能, 预防并发症。)

To investigate the influence of high temperatures on the bond performance of recycled concrete and steel bar, this article considers the influence of different concrete types (ordinary concrete and recycled concrete) and different temperatures (20, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300°C) on the concrete compressive strength and the bond performance of concrete and steel bar. On this basis, the calculation formula of bond strength and bond slip between concrete and steel bar after the high temperature is established. The test results show that the concrete compressive strength presents a downward trend with the increase in temperature; the compressive strength loss of recycled concrete is higher than that of ordinary concrete; when the temperature reached 300°C, the compressive strength loss of ordinary concrete is 24.4%, while that of recycled concrete is 41.6%. The bond strength of pull-out specimens decreases with the increase of temperature, while the bond slip increases with the increase of temperature; the bond strength between recycled concrete and steel bar is lower than that between ordinary concrete and steel bar, while the bond slip between recycled concrete and steel bar is higher than that between ordinary concrete and steel bar. This article can provide a theoretical basis for the application of recycled concrete in high-temperature environment.

The planetary gear train is an important rotating mechanical component, and its early faults diagnosis is an important means to avoid major accidents. Early faults diagnosis of planetary gear trains is bound to become the focus of scholars. The characteristics of early faults signals of planetary gear trains are analyzed, the research status of the early faults mechanism, signal acquisition methods, faults feature extraction and identification of planetary gear trains are combed, and the main problems in early faults diagnosis are summarized. Some suggestions are put forward, such as the research of early compound faults mechanism based on the dynamic model, the research of early faults signal acquisition method based on the multi-sensor, the research of early faults characteristic index based on multi-domain analysis, the research of early faults diagnosis based on numerical model and so on. It can be used as a reference for further research on early faults diagnosis of planetary gear trains.

A few years ago a paper appeared in this Journal that proposed a closed-form approximation of the p-value for Pearson's chi-squared statistic. Extensive empirical and simulation studies were performed and it was shown that the approximation provides very accurate p-values when compared with what we considered to be the ``true'' p-value (obtained using a base R function). It is important to note, however, that Pearson's chi-squared statistic is a special case of the Cressie-Read family of divergence statistics as is, for example, the log-likelihood ratio statistic, the Freeman-Tukey statistic and the Cressie-Read statistic. Therefore, this paper adapts the previously published closed form approximation of the p-value by demonstrating its applicability to any member of the Cressie-Read family of divergence statistics. We also give two further closed form approximations and assess their accuracy by analysing three contingency tables of varying sample size, degrees of freedom and statistical significance of the association.

This paper summarized the treatment effect of cupping therapy combined with moxibustion in a patient with chronic gastritis. The patient with chronic gastritis in the acute phase was treated with drug therapy initially, and non-drug treatment such as cupping therapy and moxibustion were carried out to relieve the pain. After intervention, the Numerical Rating Scale of pain is decreased from 5 to 2. (本文总结拔罐联合艾灸治疗慢性胃炎1例的效果及护理经验。患者处于慢性胃炎急性发作期, 药物治疗未能完全缓解后, 采用非药物疗法, 闪罐、走罐、留罐联合温灸治疗缓解患者疼痛, 疼痛数字评分从5分降到2分, 效果明显。)

Mucormycosis infected by Actinomucor elegans is relatively serious in the population, so it is urgent need to inactivate Actinomucor elegans. In order to investigate the sterilization effect and mechanisms of contact glow discharge plasma (CGDP) on Actinomucor elegans, the effects of voltage, time and electrolyte on sterilization efficiency were investigated, and the sterilization conditions were confirmed. The sterilization mechanism of CGDP on Actinomucor elegans was explored by analyzing the changes of colony morphology, spore content leakage and peroxidation damage that induced by CGDP treatment. The results showed that CGDP had remarkable sterilization effects on Actinomucor elegans, under the conditions of 560 V, 15 min and Na2SO4 solution, the sterilization rate (η) was up to 90.71%, the colony diameter, spore germination rate and mycelial biomass accumulation all decreased significantly after CGDP treatment, while leakage of intracellular components and degree of peroxidation damage increased, and spore surface became shrinking and rupturing. It was concluded that the Actinomucor elegans was inactivated due to cell membrane integrity destroying induced by CGDP. The results of this paper could provide a reference for the application and mechanism research of CGDP in the field of fungicidal.

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an emerging neuromodulation therapy that has been used in post⁃stroke rehabilitation. In recent years, VNS combined with rehabilitation has been used to improve upper limb motor function in stroke patients, but the mechanisms and optimal stimulation parameters are still unclear. In this paper, we summarize the evidence from basic and clinical studies of VNS combined with rehabilitation for post⁃stroke upper limb motor disorders, and discuss the possible mechanisms and optimal stimulation parameters, provide new ideas for the rehabilitation of post⁃stroke upper limb motor disorders.

This paper summarized the care bundles of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for a super-aged patient after interventional treatment for acute arterial embolization of lower extremity. Comprehensive TCM nursing interventions such as Chinese herbal medical oral care, acupoint massage, ear-tip bloodletting therapy; comprehensive auricular technique, Bian-stone and penetration of Chinese herbal medicine were carried out. TCM care bundles based on syndrome differentiation may reduce the incidence of complications and relieve the clinical symptoms of the patient. (本文总结1例超高龄急性下肢动脉栓塞患者术后集束化中医护理经验, 护理要点包括: 中药口腔护理、穴位按摩、耳尖刺络放血、耳穴综合操作技术、砭石熨摩中药透入法等。通过辨证施护, 有效降低并发症风险, 改善了患者症状, 舒适度和满意度明显提高。)

MnS inclusions in stainless steel can easily induce pitting corrosion, which seriously deteriorates the corrosion resistance of steel. Applying MnS inclusion control technology or modification technology is an effective way to improve the corrosion resistance of stainless steel. In this paper, the S32550 duplex stainless steel was taken as the research object, and the test steels with different Ce and Ti contents were smelted in a vacuum induction furnace under laboratory conditions. The modification effects of trace amounts of Ce and Ti on MnS inclusions in stainless steel and their effects on the corrosion resistance of stainless steel were studied by JSM - 6510 scanning electron microscope, periodic corrosion weight loss test, AC impedance test, Tafel polarization curve test and other test methods. Results showed that after adding 0.047% (mass fraction) Ce into the steel, the inclusions in S32550 steel changed from MnS into Mn - S - Ce - O composite ones, the size of the inclusions was decreased from about 14 μm to about 3 μm, and the corrosion rate was reduced by 63% compared with that before adding Ce. After adding 0.051% (mass fraction) Ti into the steel, the inclusions changed from MnS into Mn - S - Ti - N composite ones, and the size was decreased from about 14 μm to about 4 μm. The corrosion rate was reduced by 33% compared with that before adding Ti. Furthermore, after adding 0.052% (mass fraction) Ce and 0.054% (mass fraction) Ti, the inclusions changed from MnS into Mn - Ce - Ti - O composite ones, and the size was decreased from about 14 μm to about 2 μm. The corrosion rate was reduced by 76% compared with that before adding Ce and Ti. Therefore, adding Ce and Ti could both increase the capacitive arc radius and self - corrosion potential of the test steel and decrease their self - corrosion current, significantly improving the corrosion resistance of S32550 steel. Besides, the effect of Ce was better than that of Ti, and the effect of adding Ce and Ti together was better than adding Ce or Ti alone.

This paper reviews literature pertaining to the development of data science as a discipline, current issues with data bias and ethics, and the role that the discipline of information science may play in addressing these concerns. Information science research and researchers have much to offer for data science, owing to their background as transdisciplinary scholars who apply human-centered and social-behavioral perspectives to issues within natural science disciplines. Information science researchers have already contributed to a humanistic approach to data ethics within the literature and an emphasis on data science within information schools all but ensures that this literature will continue to grow in coming decades. This review article serves as a reference for the history, current progress, and potential future directions of data ethics research within the corpus of information science literature.

This study describes a rare case of male granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) with recurrence in different sites on the ipsilateral side. A 48-year-old male patient presented with no previous history of breast-related disease, and physical examination suggested a mass in the right breast. Ultrasonography revealed a cyst and infection in the right breast. No obvious abnormality was found in laboratory analysis, and a core needle biopsy revealed GLM. Incision and drainage were applied to the right lesion, and symptoms resolved within a few weeks. At 2 years following this initial presentation, the patient reported that the right breast mass reappeared in different locations after the consumption of alcohol. Relevant examination and a core needle biopsy again suggested GLM of the right breast. The patient declined hormone therapy and was subsequently lost to follow-up. After reviewing this case, the course of the disease in this patient, and the connection between gynecomastia and GLM, along with ipsilateral recurrence, are under investigation.

To further understand the role of low-energy N+ implantation in the phylogenetic evolution and characterization of drug resistance in Escherichia coli (E.coli), this study used low-energy N+ ion implantation to screen for drug resistant E.coli. The 16S rRNA gene sequences were obtained through de novo genome sequencing, and the drug resistance characteristics of mutant strains were assessed using the K-B method. Twenty-five drug-resistant strains were obtained by mutagenesis. The 16S rRNA in five mutant strains had a point mutation (A257C) or a gene deletion in C1, V1, V2, V6-V9, and C6-C9 regions, respectively. GC content increased and the mutation rate reached 0.4%-0.6%. The results indicate that low-energy N+ ion implantation could trigger mutations and drive 16S rRNA gene evolution in E.coli., which could accelerate development of antibiotic resistance in E.coli.

Patulin is the most common mycotoxins present in apple juice, and is very harmful to consumer health and economic development. Herein, we investigated the degradation of patulin and promotion of flavor component in apple juice by glow discharge plasma (GDP). The results showed that when the DC voltage was 550 V and the current range was 10-90 mA, the degradation rate of Patulin in apple juice reached 92.89% after treatment by glow discharge plasma for 15 min. After 30 min of GDP treatment, no significant change in the soluble solids and phenols of apple juice was observed, while the electrical conductivity, redox potential, and the color value of apple juice increased, with a slight decrease in pH. After 20 min of GDP treatment, 38 compounds were detected in apple juice by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS), including 8 esters, 7 alcohols, 20 aldehydes and ketones, and 3 others. Two new components ,viz. acetophenone and 6,10-dimethyl-5,9-undeundene-2-one were detected compared with the control; both are sweet and fragrant essential oils, which could make the apple juice taste more delicious. The results of this study can provide the basis for applying GDP in the degradation of patulin and promotion of flavor components in apple juice.

This article gives a review on the application status and clinical effect of behavioral activation （BA） therapy for patients with late-life depression， in which the theoretical content， research status and the characteristics of clinical application of BA therapy for patients with late-life depression were introduced， and the existing limitations and possible directions for future research were summarized， so as to provide references for the localization of BA therapy for patients with late-life depression.

This paper summarized the nursing measures for four patients with acute pancreatitis after lower extremity endovascular intervention, and provided a reference for the postoperative nursing of vascular intervention surgery. Key issues of nursing included psychological care, preoperative hydration, guidance of dietary, observation of illness condition, prevention of complications, nutrition support and medication care. There are two severe cases of acute pancreatitis, one of which eventually died due to multiple organ failure, and the other was cured after drug treatment. In addition, two mild cases of acute pancreatitis, which were cured after drug treatment. As rare angiographic complication, acute pancreatitis is not easy to be detected early. The possibility of acute pancreatitis must be considered when a patient presents with abdominal pain, elevated creatinine, or multiple organ failure following an interventional procedure. Early detection and diagnosis, and timely treatment are beneficial to improve the cure rate of postoperative complications. (本文总结4例下肢血管腔内治疗术后并发急性胰腺炎患者的护理体会, 为介入术后的精细化护理提供参考。护理要点包括: 实施心理护理, 给予术前合理水化、饮食指导, 加强病情观察, 积极预防并发症发生, 提供营养支持, 完善用药护理。2例重症急性胰腺炎患者中, 1例最终因多脏器功能衰竭死亡, 另1例转入ICU治疗后出院; 2例轻症急性胰腺炎患者经药物治疗后痊愈。腔内治疗术后并发急性胰腺炎是一种罕见的血管造影并发症, 不易早期发现, 当患者在介入手术后出现腹痛、肌酐升高或多器官衰竭时, 必须考虑急性胰腺炎的可能性, 做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗, 有利于提高术后并发症的治愈率。)

Effects of contact glow discharge plasma on the germination of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seeds and treatment processing were investigated. Firstly, the influence of contact glow discharge plasma on the germination of Medicago sativa seeds was investigated under different times, voltages, and gas atmospheres. Then, on the basis of the single-factor experiment, the seed treatment process was optimized by response surface optimization design based on the indexes of seed germination rate and vigor index. The results showed that the germination rate of treated seeds reached 93%, the content of photosynthetic pigment and the intensity of photosynthesis in the leaves increased significantly, and the net photosynthetic rate increased by 98.4% under optimized conditions of 30 min, 540 V, and N2. All results indicate that contact glow discharge plasma can promote Alfalfa seed germination and growth, and improve seed physiological activity, thereby providing a theoretical basis for further research into new seed treatment technologies.