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AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultrasonic cycloplasty(UCP)combined with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)+ panretinal photocoagulation(PRP)in the treatment of advanced neovascular glaucoma(NVG).METHODS: Retrospective study. A total of 45 patients(45 eyes)with advanced NVG who received surgery in our hospital from August 2020 to September 2022 were collected and divided into UCP+ anti-VEGF +PRP group(16 patients, 16 eyes), transscleral cyclophotocoagulation(TCP)+anti-VEGF+PRP group(20 patients, 20 eyes), UCP alone group(9 patients, 9 eyes). The intraocular pressure, pain scores, postoperative medication, effective rate, total success rate and the incidence of complications of the patients in the three groups were compared before surgery and at 1 d, 1 wk, 1 and 3 mo after surgery.RESULTS: There was no significant difference in preoperative intraocular pressure, pain scores and preoperative medication of patients in the three groups(all P>0.05). While there were statistical significance in the intraocular pressure and pain scores at 1 d, 1 wk, 1 and 3 mo after surgery(all P0.05).CONCLUSION: UCP combined with anti-VEGF +PRP and TCP combined with anti-VEGF +PRP showed comparable efficacy in reducing intraocular pressure in advanced NVG. UCP combined with anti-VEGF+PRP was more effective in relieving pain and with no serious complications in advanced NVG. UCP alone can effectively control intraocular pressure and alleviate the pain of patients in the early postoperative period, but long-term control still requires anti-VEGF+PRP.

【Objective】 Brackish waters including saline groundwater and treated wastewater have been increasingly used as a complimentary irrigation water resource in regions where freshwater is scarce. In the paper we investigate the effect of various concentrations of saltine irrigation water on photosynthetic characteristics of winter jujube. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted in 2020 in a jujube orchard, with the winter jujubes irrigated by mixtures of saltine groundwater and freshwater at concentrations of 1 (S1), 2 (S2), 3 (S3), 4 (S4) and 5 g/L (S5), respectively. In each treatment, we measured the spaciotemporal changes in soil water and salt, as well as the photosynthetic traits of the jujubes. 【Result】 Net photosynthetic rate, transpiration and stomatal conductance of the plant leaves varied with irrigation salinity nonlinearly, all peaking in S3 or S4. Compared with other treatments, S3 and S4 reduced the SPAD, maximum fluorescence and maximum quantum efficiency significantly. Compared to S1, S3 and S4 increased the apparent quantum efficiency, maximum net photosynthetic rate, light compensation point, and dark respiration rate, but reduced the light saturation point. These indicate that, although S3 and S4 reduced the range of available light intensity, they improved the physiological activity and efficient photosynthesis of the jujube leaves. 【Conclusion】 Irrigating the winter jujubes with saline water at concentration of 1-3 g/L during the fruit enlargement period can prevent light reaction inhibition and promote efficient photosynthesis. However, irrigation with water salinity exceeding 4 g/L led to salinity stress, thereby significantly reducing light energy utilization efficiency. To minimize soil salt accumulation and improve growth and development of the winter jujube, maintaining irrigation water salinity around 3 g/L is most beneficial.

Since 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection has been widespread in the world, causing about 770 million infecting and 6.9 million deaths. Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection have become the main way to prevent the severe SARS-CoV-2. The use of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine has substantial protection against the serious consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but multiple systemic adverse reactions can occur after the use of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. More and more studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 vaccine caused lesions of ocular conjunctiva, cornea, sclera, uvea, retina and optic nerve tissue and resulted in damage to visual function. In this paper, the classification and characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and related studies on ocular tissue lesions were reviewed, hoping to better understand the ocular adverse reactions of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and provide some theoretical guidance for the prevention and treatment of ocular tissue damage caused by SARS-COV-2 vaccine.

ObjectiveWith the development of agricultural informatization, a large amount of information about agricultural diseases exists in the form of text. However, due to problems such as nested entities and confusion of entity types, traditional named entities recognition (NER) methods often face challenges of low accuracy when processing agricultural disease text. To address this issue, this study proposes a new agricultural disease NER method called RoFormer-PointerNet, which combines the RoFormer pre-trained model with the PointerNet baseline model. The aim of this method is to improve the accuracy of entity recognition in agricultural disease text, providing more accurate data support for intelligent analysis, early warning, and prevention of agricultural diseases.MethodsThis method first utilized the RoFormer pre-trained model to perform deep vectorization processing on the input agricultural disease text. This step was a crucial foundation for the subsequent entity extraction task. As an advanced natural language processing model, the RoFormer pre-trained model's unique rotational position embedding approach endowed it with powerful capabilities in capturing textual positional information. In agricultural disease text, due to the diversity of terminology and the existence of polysemy, traditional entity recognition methods often faced challenges in confusing entity types. However, through its unique positional embedding mechanism, the RoFormer model was able to incorporate more positional information into the vector representation, effectively enriching the feature information of words. This characteristic enabled the model to more accurately distinguish between different entity types in subsequent entity extraction tasks, reducing the possibility of type confusion. After completing the vectorization representation of the text, this study further emploied a pointer network for entity extraction. The pointer network was an advanced sequence labeling approach that utilizes head and tail pointers to annotate entities within sentences. This labeling method was more flexible compared to traditional sequence labeling methods as it was not restricted by fixed entity structures, enabling the accurate extraction of all types of entities within sentences, including complex entities with nested relationships. In agricultural disease text, entity extraction often faced the challenge of nesting, such as when multiple different entity types are nested within a single disease symptom description. By introducing the pointer network, this study effectively addressed this issue of entity nesting, improving the accuracy and completeness of entity extraction.Results and DiscussionsTo validate the performance of the RoFormer-PointerNet method, this study constructed an agricultural disease dataset, which comprised 2 867 annotated corpora and a total of 10 282 entities, including eight entity types such as disease names, crop names, disease characteristics, pathogens, infected areas, disease factors, prevention and control methods, and disease stages. In comparative experiments with other pre-trained models such as Word2Vec, BERT, and RoBERTa, RoFormer-PointerNet demonstrated superiority in model precision, recall, and F1-Score, achieving 87.49%, 85.76% and 86.62%, respectively. This result demonstrated the effectiveness of the RoFormer pre-trained model. Additionally, to verify the advantage of RoFormer-PointerNet in mitigating the issue of nested entities, this study compared it with the widely used bidirectional long short-term memory neural network (BiLSTM) and conditional random field (CRF) models combined with the RoFormer pre-trained model as decoding methods. RoFormer-PointerNet outperformed the RoFormer-BiLSTM, RoFormer-CRF, and RoFormer-BiLSTM-CRF models by 4.8%, 5.67% and 3.87%, respectively. The experimental results indicated that RoFormer-PointerNet significantly outperforms other models in entity recognition performance, confirming the effectiveness of the pointer network model in addressing nested entity issues. To validate the superiority of the RoFormer-PointerNet method in agricultural disease NER, a comparative experiment was conducted with eight mainstream NER models such as BiLSTM-CRF, BERT-BiLSTM-CRF, and W2NER. The experimental results showed that the RoFormer-PointerNet method achieved precision, recall, and F1-Score of 87.49%, 85.76% and 86.62%, respectively in the agricultural disease dataset, reaching the optimal level among similar methods. This result further verified the superior performance of the RoFormer-PointerNet method in agricultural disease NER tasks.ConclusionsThe agricultural disease NER method RoFormer-PointerNet, proposed in this study and based on the RoFormer pre-trained model, demonstrates significant advantages in addressing issues such as nested entities and type confusion during the entity extraction process. This method effectively identifies entities in Chinese agricultural disease texts, enhancing the accuracy of entity recognition and providing robust data support for intelligent analysis, early warning, and prevention of agricultural diseases. This research outcome holds significant importance for promoting the development of agricultural informatization and intelligence.

In order to further study the failure law of overburden after the mining of non-pillar gob-side entry retaining by roof cutting technology, taking the S1201-II working face of Ningtiaota Coal Mine as the engineering background, physical similarity simulation and numerical simulation research methods are used. Combined with on-site microseismic monitoring technology, a microseismic waveform data library is established. With continuous mining of the working face, the evolution of overburden mining induced cracks and stress spatial distribution features at different stages of non-pillar gob-side entry retaining by roof cutting are studied. The periodic crack law of the overburden in the working face has been obtained. The research results show that the height of the overburden cracks during the initial pressure on the working face is about 57.6 m, the height of the middle crack zone before cutting is 95.5-96.1 m, the crack mining ratio is 23.8-24.0, the height of the edge side cracks is 105.9-106.4 m, and the crack mining ratio is 26.4-26.6 m. After the roof cutting, the final development height of the crack zone on both sides of the working face is about 104.3-105.2 m, with a crack mining ratio of 26.1-26.3. Due to the continuous compaction and closure of the overburden layer, the final development height of the crack zone in the middle of the working face is 94.3-95.2 m, with a crack mining ratio of 23.6-23.8. When the roadways are in the excavation and cutting stages respectively, there is basically no change in the displacement of the roof. When it enters the sinking and roadway formation stage, the displacement value of the roof continuously increases. After the completion of roof cutting and pressure relief, the peak support pressure on the side of the roadway increases, indicating that the span of the working face further increases after the cutting seam, and the inclined support pressure continues to increase. The pressure relief effect of the working face roof is significant, and the roof produces a large-scale stress release phenomenon. A microseismic monitoring system is installed in the working face, and it is found that there is a strong correlation between the periodic occurrence of microseismic events and the periodic pressure of the working face. The development process can be divided into the budding stage, development stage, and climax stage. Further comprehensive analysis can be conducted to obtain the periodic crack evolution law of the overburden.

The dip angle of coal seam is one of the important factors that cause the complexity and particularity of the mining dynamic behavior of the large dip angle stope and induce many disasters and accidents. In order to reveal the influence law of the dip angle of coal seam on the control of surrounding rock and the characteristics of mine pressure in the large dip angle stope, the research method of physical similarity simulation and numerical calculation is adopted. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the features of roof crack and gangue sliding and rolling filling in steeply dipping working faces, a finite element discrete element (FLAC2D-PFC2D) coupling algorithm is used to establish a coupled numerical model of high angle mining areas with different inclinations. The stress distribution of surrounding rock and the inclination effect of gangue filling features in steeply dipping mining areas are studied. The results show the following points. ① Under the action of mining, the stress distribution of the surrounding rock in the roof and floor of the high angle mining area is asymmetric arched. As the dip angle of the coal seam increases, the range of the arched vertical stress release zone and the degree of upward displacement gradually increase. But the range and force value of the horizontal stress release zone gradually decrease. Both vertical and horizontal stresses are prone to stress concentration at the top and bottom of the working face. But the maximum concentrated stress value will decrease with the increase of coal seam inclination angle. The stress magnitude and transmission direction inside the roof and floor of the steeply dipping working face exhibit asymmetric features. As the coal seam dip angle increases, the stress arch height of the working face roof and floor gradually decreases. The transmission direction of surrounding rock stress is mainly towards the mining space, and gradually deviates from the initial approximate vertical direction towards the vertical direction of the working face. ② The roof crack of the working face and the sliding and filling of gangue exhibit temporal and regional evolution features, and exhibit a certain dip angle effect with the change of coal seam dip angle. As the inclination angle of the coal seam increases, the initial breaking position of the direct roof will gradually shift towards the upper area of the working face. At the same time, due to the increased force of gravity along the inclination direction of the working face, the filling degree of the gangue along the inclination direction will be more dense. But the filling length will decrease. As the inclination angle of the coal seam increases, the degree of crack and the range of voids in the high-level rock layers in the upper and middle areas of the working face will also increase. ③ The mechanism of the action of gangue on the surrounding rock in the goaf is mainly reflected in providing lateral stress and vertical support, and is greatly affected by the gravity of gangue, which will show a strong inclination effect with the change of coal seam inclination angle.

BackgroundSextupoles are an important component of storage ring octonal unit in high energy synchrotron radiation sources. They require complex technological processes and precise center extraction. Therefore, it is necessary to find out the most reasonable calibration scheme for the mechanical center.PurposeThis study aims at the calibration scheme for the mechanical center extraction of high energy photon Ssurce (HEPS) sextupoles, and obtaining the corrected mechanical central coordinate system.MethodsThe method of directly measuring the reference plane of the sextupole was adopted for the mechanical center calibration of magnets. By rotating the conventional calibration coordinate system with a given pole seam deviation angle, the three polar seam surfaces were brought closer to the theoretical positions to decrease the main diagonal component of the sextupoles. The mechanical center calibrations were performed twice for each hexacode iron to further reduce the impact of the polar seam error.ResultsThe calibration results show that the calibration repeat accuracy is 0.005 mm for the sextupole. The standard deviation between the measured value and the design value of the pole seam spacing is 0.015 mm. Additionally, the standard deviation of the reference point before and after the rotation of the coordinate system is 0.09 mm, with a maximum rotation angle of 0.6 mrad.ConclusionsThe calibration scheme of this study can be used to improve the calibration accuracy and provide reference for the calibration of similar equipment. It ensures smooth installation of accelerator devices and is of significant importance for accelerator collimation measurements.

With the increasing complexity of power systems due to the integration of new energy sources， there is a heightened demand for advanced protection and control technologies. In response to this challenge， a protection and control architecture designed for new-type power systems is presented. To prevent isolated incidents from cascading into system-wide failures， a new relay protection configuration model is proposed to establish a more robust guard. In view of the evolution of incidents across the system， an information integration and coordination mechanism is established between protection and control systems. Through a combination of station-level autonomy with regional collaboration， the autonomous protection and control is fulfilled. The functional layout of the three guards is optimized to effectively suppress and disrupt the occurrence and development of incidents in the systems and thereby enhances the safety defense capabilities of the new-type power systems.

In order to analyze the impact of the waste heat utilization environment in phosphate compound fertilizer industrial production on the corrosion behavior of steam turbine rotors, various methods such as the mass loss method, laser scanning confocal microscopy (CLSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical tests were employed. The corrosion behavior and patterns of the steam turbine rotor material, 2Cr-1Ni-1.2Mo-0.2V steel in 120 mmol/L NH4H2PO4 solution at an external temperature of 25 ℃ were investigated. Results showed that 2Cr-1Ni-1.2Mo-0.2V steel underwent uniform corrosion. The corrosion rate first rapidly decreased and then slowly decreased, gradually stabilizing towards 0.2 mm/a. When the NH4H2PO4 concentration was 120 mmol/L and the temperature was 25 ℃, the service life of 2Cr-1Ni-1.2Mo-0.2V steel was determined to be 7.5 a. The corrosion product film of 2Cr-1Ni-1.2Mo-0.2V steel in NH4H2PO4 solution was composed of Fe3(PO4)2, FePO4, Fe(OH)3, FeOOH, and Fe3O4. As the immersion time prolonged, the coverage, compactness and thickness of the corrosion product film were observed to increase, and Cr was found to be enriched in the corrosion product film, thereby enhancing the corrosion resistance of 2Cr-1Ni-1.2Mo-0.2V steel.

Radiative cooling technology with zero-energy consumption and zero-carbon emission has drawn enormous attention. However, the high-cost manufacture, limited scalability, and narrow application scopes remain major impediments to radiative cooling commercialization. Here, we present a bilayer PDMS/nanoPE fabricated by an automatic film applicator for high-performance passive daytime radiative cooling. The nanoPE underlayer maximizes the reflection of sunlight and the transparent PDMS top-layer dramatically enhances the infrared emissivity of pristine nanoPE across the atmospheric transparency window (∆E 8–13 μm = 0.85). The obtained PDMS/nanoPE simultaneously allows a high solar reflectance of 0.94 and a thermal emittance of 0.94, enabling a sub-ambient cooling of 4.5 °C with a maximum of 7.6 °C in rooftop test and a theoretical net cooling power of 65 W/m2. A distinct temperature reduction of more than 10 °C can be achieved in comparison with pristine PDMS film. Integration of the hydrophobicity, durability, robust mechanical strength, and industrial scalability, we believe this work will provide practical and efficient solutions to cooling vehicles, buildings, and the human body in a simple and low-cost manner.

This study analyzed the problems regarding talent training in public health colleges and universities in China by examining the gap between education demand and supply in these colleges and universities, thus to provide theoretical references for the formation of a public health personnel training system with Chinese characteristics in the context of Healthy China strategy. Relevant educational statistics were collected, questionnaires were distributed to 85 public health colleges, and in-depth interviews were conducted with principals of public health colleges, leaders of employers, leaders of administrative departments, and graduates of public health majors. Subject framework analysis was applied to explore the key factors that affect the effectiveness of talent training in colleges and universities. Although the education of public health colleges and universities in China has made certain achievements, problems including an insufficient supply of public health personnel and an unbalanced supply structure still exist. Therefore, we should incorporate the training of public health personnel into national strategic planning, increase the strategic investment in public health colleges and universities, and strengthen the integration of college, post-graduation, and continuing education. Moreover, we should promote the standardization of college education for public health, clarify the collaborative training approaches for public health personnel, explore training models for excellent public-health personnel, and strengthen the teaching staff construction in public health colleges and universities

Objective To evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activities of 16 common agents against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis to provide data for the rational clinical use of drugs. Methods From 1st January to 31st December in 2019, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis were collected from 24 hospitals in 18 provinces in China. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted by automated instrumentation method, and WHONET 5.6 software was used to calculate the drug sensitivity results of the strains to 16 antibacterial drugs including vancomycin, norvancomycin, fusidic acid and linezolid. Results A total of 255 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 117 strains of Enterococcus faecalis and 114 strains of Enterococcus faecium were collected. Blood was the most common specimen type (22.2%, 108/486), followed by urine (18.9%, 82/486). According to the drug sensitivity results, vancomycin, norvancomycin, linezolid and teicoplanin maintained high activity to all strains. All Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis were sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplanin, while the resistance rates of vancomycin and teicoplanin against Enterococcus faecium were 4.4% and 2.6%, respectively. The resistance rates of linezolid against Staphylococcus aureus, Eenterococcus faecium and Eenterococcus fascalis were 0, 0 and 4.3%, respectively. Norvancomycin and vancomycin showed similar antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, and Enterococcus faecalis, with 50% minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC50) of 1 mg/L, and MIC90 of 2 mg/L. The isolation rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureas(MRSA) was 35.7%, with 13.2% resistance to fusidic acid and 3.0% in methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureas. Conclusions The activity of the 16 antimicro-bial drugs against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis varied considerably. The data will provide reference for the rational use of antimicrobial drugs.

Abstract As a superior modulation strategy, space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) provides redundant voltage vectors and adjustable action time, which can achieve multi‐objective control of modular multilevel converter (MMC). An SVPWM strategy suitable for MMC is proposed. The strategy is divided into three stages. In the first stage, the appropriate voltage vector, the action time and the basic sub‐module (SM) input number are quickly calculated to ensure the output quality by equating MMC as a 2‐level inverter. In the second stage, a finite set of the circulating current suppression is established on the basis of the basic SM input number. The optimal SM input number is selected through rolling optimisation. In the last stage, according to the SM voltage sorting and the optimal SM input number, the optimal switching state is determined to realise the SM voltage balance control. The proposed control strategy simplifies the design of the control system, reduces the computational burden and can be easily extended to MMC with any SM number. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed SVPWM strategy can reduce the circulating current and balance the SM capacitor voltage while ensuring the output quality.

Micro-area electrochemical measurement technique can detect metal galvanic corrosion in situ at the micron or even sub-micron scale, which provides a new way for further study of metal galvanic corrosion. In this paper, the basic principle and main influencing factors of metal galvanic corrosion were introduced. The advantages, disadvantages and application status of commonly used micro-area electrochemical measurement techniques such as wire beam electrode (WBE), localized electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (LEIS), scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET), scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), and scanning Kelvin probe (SKP) were reviewed in metal galvanic corrosion research. Finally, the future development of the micro-area electrochemical measurement technique was prospected.

Objective To investigate the association between exposure levels of air pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, SO2, O3, NO2, and CO) and infertility risk in men of childbearing age. Methods Preconception Reproductive Health and Birth Outcomes Cohort (PREBIC) was subjected by recruiting men of childbearing age who taking pre-pregnancy health examination in Chongqing Maternal and Child Health Hospital since November 2018. The baseline indicators were collected and established after their enrollment. Then they were followed up every 3 months, and failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months of unprotected intercourse was defined as infertility. The individualized air pollution exposure levels of the subjects in 3 months prior to enrollment (spermatogenic cycle) were assessed by machine learning algorithm. Logistic regression model was established to determine the effect of air pollutant exposure on infertility and the potential susceptibility windows induced by single pollutant. Sensitivity analysis was carried out using two-pollutant model. The joint effects and interaction of air pollutants on infertility were analyzed by Bayesian kernel machine regression. Results A total of 2 297 male subjects were included in the study. After multiple test adjustment, the relative risk of infertility was increased by 29.3% (OR=1.293, 95%CI: 1.022-1.636, P=0.008) in the highest and lowest quartiles of PM10 exposure during the 90 d prior to enrollment. In the analysis of susceptibility windows, PM10 was associated with infertility at all stages from 0 to 90 d, and no significant susceptibility window was observed. No significant results were observed in the analysis of the joint effects and interactions of air pollutants. Conclusion Male exposure to PM10 may increase the risk of infertility.

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global public health problem with increasing incidence and mortality. Fatigue is a common complaint of COPD patients, which seriously impairs the quality of life. Objective To conduct a scoping review of current research status and tools about fatigue as well as fatigue-related factors in COPD, providing ideas for the development of relevant individualized intervention schemes. Methods Methodological framework was used. Studies on fatigue in COPD were searched from databases of Web of Science, PubMed, EmBase, CINAHL, ProQuest, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang, CQVIP, and SinoMed from inception to July 2022, and enrolled according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Relevant data were extracted, collected, summarized and reported. Results A total of 52 studies were included. Taken overall, a wide variety of assessment tools for fatigue in COPD featured by lack of multidimensionality and specificity were used, among which common were the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy and the Fatigue Severity Scale. There were certain disparities in the incidence, duration, and severity of fatigue in COPD across studies. The main influencing factors of fatigue include sociodemographic factors, COPD-related factors, somatic factors, and psychological factors. Conclusion As fatigue is a major symptom that seriously declines the quality of life in COPD patients, clinical care providers need to use specific tools to accurately assess fatigue, and to develop individualized interventions to improve fatigue according to its influencing factors.

The COVID-19 pandemic period brings huge uncertainty, especially for the real estate sector. On the one hand, restrictions on the mobility of a population, decline in travel demands, popularization of remote work and education models caused doubts among investors questioning the future of the sector and the functions of real estate. On the other hand, the large supply of cash after the first waves of the pandemic and the upcoming increase in inflation resulted in many investors boldly investing cash in real estate, considering them as assets of stable value. This research aims to analyze the processes of value migration among real estate companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange during this turbulent process. We analyzed the changes in the main drivers of value and the migration rates of the real estate sector based on data for 2018, 2019, 2020 and Q3 2021. The first period of the pandemic is the time of the collapse of the main profitability factors, sales and profitability of sales decline in the entire sector. However, the financial pillars of the analyzed companies are stable and we are not seeing signs of liquidity problems or a significant increase in debt. The second year of the pandemic is a significant reflection of most of the drivers of value, often to levels higher than those observed before the pandemic. Investors seem to remain insensitive to turbulent changes in accounting measures of effectiveness. We observe the relative stability of market measures. The processes of the migration of values from and to the sector do not show significant changes when comparing the periods before and during the pandemic. We observe various intensities of the studied phenomena in various groups of the real estate segment.

The key to safe and efficient mining of steeply dipping coal seams is an effective control of surrounding rock. Revealing the dip effect on mining mechanical behavior of coal-rock combination are the basis for the multi-scale surrounding rock collaborative control in steeply dipping coal seams. According to mechanical characteristics of coal-rock combination such as stress transfer between layers, principal stress deflection and non-equilibrium deformation and failure at different inclination angles, the dip effect of principal stress distribution and deformation and failure law in coal-rock combination is analyzed by research methods of rock mechanics experiment, numerical simulation and theoretical analysis combined with feedback.The results show that: when the angle changes in the range of 0°–60°, the evolution characteristics of the size and direction of the principal stress of the coal-rock combination at the interface are divided into two categories; When the dip angle is less than the critical angle α0, the first principal stress decreases with the increase of the dip angle, the third principal stress exhibits a monotonic evolution trend of “coal decrease + rock increase”, and the principal stress direction is a deflection state of “coal clockwise + rock counterclockwise”. When the angle is larger than the critical angle α0, the first principal stress of the coal-rock combination increases with the increase of the angle, the variation of the third principal stress increases, and the principal stress direction is in the deflection state of “coal counterclockwise + rock clockwise”. When the coal-rock combination is affected by the dip angle, the mechanical characteristics of the two states are different, so that the combined failure mode of coal-rock combination changes from “the rock mass on the upper side of the interface + non-interface part of the coal body” to “the lower side of the interface + non-interface part of the coal body”. That is, corresponding to the transformation of the shear deformation failure law of the composite body to the slip failure law at the interface. Therefore, the strength of coal-rock combi-nation decreases with the increase of dip angle. The research results reveal the non-equilibrium transfer law of stress in coal-rock combination and the dip effect of its failure mechanism, which has certain theoretical reference significance for the safe and efficient mining of steeply dipping coal seams.

The visible light positioning system is the hot spot of current indoor positioning technology research. Aiming at the problem of inaccurate azimuth angle acquisition in single-lamp positioning system, this paper proposes a single Light Emitting Diode (LED) indoor positioning system based on marked LED. The scheme uses a single LED light with a non-flickering lamp bead as the transmitter to transmit information while realizing the lighting function. The smartphone acts as the receiver to capture images with bright and dark stripes, and obtain the azimuth angle by combining the geometric features of the projection and processing the algorithm. Then the position of the receiver is obtained by further calculation. The results show that in the actual application scenario, when the experimental heights are 1.75 and 1.45 m. The system can achieve average positioning errors of 6.9 and 6.5 cm, which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the scheme.

Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) is one of the promising alternatives to electrical cooling and has a significant impact on worldwide energy consumption and carbon neutrality. Toward real-world applications, however, the parasitic heat input and heat leakage pose crucial challenges to commercial and residential buildings cooling. The integrating of radiative cooling and thermal insulation properties represents an attractive direction in renewable energy-efficient building envelope materials. Herein, we present a hierarchically porous hybrid film as a scalable and flexible thermal insulating subambient radiative cooler via a simple and inexpensive inverse high internal phase emulsion strategy. The as-prepared porous hybrid film exhibits an intrinsic combination of high solar reflectance (0.95), strong longwave infrared thermal emittance (0.97), and low thermal conductivity (31 mW/(m K)), yielding a subambient cooling temperature of ~8.4°C during the night and ~6.5°C during the hot midday with an average cooling power of ~94 W/m2 under a solar intensity of ~900 W/m2. Promisingly, combining the superhydrophobicity, durability, superelasticity, robust mechanical strength, and industrial applicability, the film is favorable for large-scale, sustainable and energy-saving applications in a wide variety of climates and complicated surfaces, enabling a substantial reduction of energy costs, greenhouse gas emission and associated ozone-depleting from traditional cooling systems.

To promote low-carbon economic, China proposed building a green low-carbon circular development economic system. Green technology innovation is the essential core to promote green high-quality development, and is an important support to solve the realistic ecological environmental problems in our country. To study the influence mechanism of green technology innovation on regional carbon emission reduction, a fixed-effect model is constructed based on panel data from 30 provinces during 2011-2020, and this paper examines the mediating mechanism of energy efficiency. The results show that green technology innovation can significantly promote carbon emission reduction. Further research shows that green technology innovation can promote carbon emission reduction by improving energy efficiency.

In order to explore the energy saving benefits and economy of ultra-low energy consumption renovation of existing buildings in cold areas under the contract energy management (EPC) mode under different renovation schemes. On the basis of the existing net present value and net present value increment, the net present value rate is proposed as the evaluation index of the transformation plan, so as to realize the comprehensive benefit evaluation of a variety of transformation schemes. The results show that the energy-saving transformation scheme of the project with an external wall of 120 mm rock wool board, a 150 mm extruded polyphenylene board on the roof, and a three-glass single Low-E argon-filled glass on the exterior window has the greatest comprehensive benefits and meets the ultra-low energy consumption standard, the energy saving rate of the envelope transformation reaches 28.07%, and the static recovery period is 5.27 years. This paper provides a design method and reference basis for the ultra-low energy transformation of existing buildings in cold areas using EPC mode.

The early diagnosis of myocardial infarction can significantly improve the survival rate in emergency treatment, which is mainly implemented by the immunoassay for myocardial infarction biomarkers such as cardiac troponins in blood. In this work, a disposable optofluidic microtubule whispering gallery mode (WGM) immunosensor for label-free cardiac troponin I-C (cTnI-C) complex detection has been proposed and demonstrated with active interrogation enhancement. The disposable microtubule is simply fabricated by a silica capillary with pressurized tapering technology for thin-wall, and the cTnI antibodies are immobilized on the inner wall surface of the microtubule through the self-adherent polydopamine substrate. By configuring the two coupling microfibers, the double-fiber-coupled microtubule cavity can serve as a tunable filter for the mutual-coupled polarimetric fiber ring laser (FRL), whose output laser wavelength is determined by the cTnI-C concentration in the optofluidic microtubule with inherent microfluidic channel. Due to the cyclic-cumulative gain of the FRL, the characteristic resonant peak of optical sensing signal is enhanced in the spectral width compression and the optical signal-to-noise ratio improvement, and therefore the optical immunosensor for cTnI-C can be achieved by tracking the output laser wavelength of the FRL conveniently. The dynamic binding and unbinding process of cTnI-C antigen–antibody is illustrated by monitoring the lasing peak wavelength continuously. Our all-fiber immunosensor demonstrated here has the advantages of fast label-free detection, real-time monitor, high sensitivity and disposable sensing element, which can be an innovative detecting tool in early diagnosis of myocardial infarction.

Objective To investigate the effect of RhoC expression in vascular endothelial cells on the proliferation and invasion of myeloma RPMI8226 cells and its possible mechanism. Methods RhoC shRNA lentivirus vector was constructed and transfected into myeloma vascular endothelial cells (MVECs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The effects of conditioned medium on the proliferation, cell cycle and invasion of RPMI8226 cells were detected by CCK-8 test, flow cytometry and Transwell test. The expression of CDK, CyclinD1, AKT, PI3K, MMP2 and MMP9 were detected by Western blot. Results The expression of RhoC in MVECs and HUVECs were downregulated. The proliferation and invasion of RPMI8226 cells in RhoC shRNA group were lower than those in negative control group, and the cell cycle was blocked in G0/G1 phase (P < 0.05). The expressions of CDK, CyclinD1, AKT, PI3K, MMP2 and MMP9 in RhoC shRNA group were lower than those in negative control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The expression of RhoC in MVECs can regulate the proliferation and invasion of myeloma RPMI8226 cells, and the mechanism may be related to the participation of CDK, CyclinD1, AKT, PI3K, MMP2 and MMP9.

Owing to their optical, mechanical, and catalytic properties, plasmonic nanomaterials (P-NMs) have been widely used in sensing, disease treatment, as well as energy transfer and conversion applications. Therefore, the synthesis, properties, and applications of P-NMs have garnered significant interest in recent decades. This review surveys the various types of P-NMs, their synthesis methods, their properties, and recent applications. In addition, we summarize the current challenges and future developments in P-NMs. We hope this article will help researchers to gain a deeper understanding of P-NM applications in the field of energy, overcome the current problems associated with P-NMs, and develop novel P-NMs with better characteristics.

Critically ill patients in the intensive care unit are prone to pressure ulcer as long-time bedridden. Pressure ulcer lead to secondary soft tissue infection, skin rupture, ulceration, which seriously affects the prognosis of patients, and is a problem that cannot be ignored in the field of Intensive Care Medicine. By dredging channels and collaterals, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, infrared therapy has good clinical effect in improving local circulation and promoting wound healing, which can not only improve the healing rate of pressure ulcers, but also greatly shorten the treatment time of pressure sores. This paper summarized the research progress of infrared therapy in the treatment of pressure ulcer in critically ill patients, and provided reference for clinical treatment of pressure ulcer. (重症监护室的患者病情危重, 长时间卧床, 易发生压疮。压疮严重影响患者的预后, 是重症领域不可忽视的问题。红外线通过疏通经络、活血化瘀, 在改善局部循环、促进创面愈合方面有很好的临床疗效, 不仅可以提高压疮的愈合率, 还能缩短压疮的治疗时间。本文对红外线治疗危重症患者压疮的相关研究进行总结, 以为临床治疗压疮提供参考。)

BackgroundCompared with 2D+1D adjustment, three dimensional adjustment has a more rigorous theoretical basis. However, when the unconstrained three dimensional adjustment is applied to the observation values processing of the accelerator alignment control network, serious error accumulation will occur and resulting in obvious distortion of the results.PurposeThis study aims to expound the ways and characteristics of three dimensional adjustment error accumulation for accelerator alignment control network.MethodsFirstly, based on the layout of accelerator alignment control network and the moving station measurement method of laser tracker, the three dimensional adjustment mathematical model was analyzed, and the least-squares collocation theory was used to clearly explain the error propagation. Secondly, the characters of laser tracker measurement accuracy, station positioning and orientation accuracy and single station measurement error propagation were studied by analyzing the laser tracker 3D coordinate measurement model, measurement point error model and simulation measurement experiments. Finally, adjustment calculation of the linac control network was verified by simulation measurement, and two error accumulation suppression methods were tested.ResultsThe source and propagation mode of error accumulation are explained theoretically, and verified by simulation calculation, so are the serious error accumulation of elevation and lateral errors in three dimensional adjustment of control network in accelerator.ConclusionsProviding high-precision point coordinate constraint for three dimensional adjustment can effectively suppress error accumulation, and providing high-precision orientation constraint for station coordinate system can also achieve the effect of suppressing error accumulation.

To evaluate the adjuvant treatment of acute stage symptoms and quality of life of patients with bullous pemphigoid (BP) with ozone.

In situ fast synchrotron computed tomography was used to investigate the semi-solid compression of nanoparticle-reinforced Al-10%(mass fraction) Cu composites. The three-dimensional images were used to quantitatively analyze the evolution of microstructure especially the micropores during semi-solid deformation process. The results show that the evolution of voids in nanoparticle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites during semi-solid compression has three main stages, namely the micropore closure stage, incubation stage and rapid growth stage. With the analysis of quantitative data and microstructure observation of void distribution in different deformation stages, semi-solid compressive deformation mechanism of aluminum matrix composites is further analyzed.The four-dimensional (three-dimension+time) study of Al-based composites under load using in situ synchrotron imaging technology provides a reference for exploring the semi-solid deformation behavior of aluminum matrix composites.

BACKGROUND Quantitative analysis of ancient glass and vitreous materials has important significance for studying its production time, origin, source of raw materials and production process. Compared with traditional analysis methods (eg. EMPA, EDX-SEM), LA-ICP-MS can be used to analyze the primary, minor and trace elements in samples quickly and accurately. OBJECTIVES To investigate the composition of archaeological glass and discriminate its sources. METHODS The element concentration in ancient glass and vitreous materials were determined by LA-ICP-MS. The surface morphologies of pits in glasses were displayed by AFM. RESULTS The matrix effect among NIST610 and Corning A-D was insignificant under 193nm laser system and this experimental condition. A quantification strategy based on NIST610 and normalization to 100% (w/w) was suitable for analyzing Corning A-D and ancient glass samples. Study on different ablation modes in the experiment is helpful for the establishment of different experimental conditions to meet the requirement of different studies. CONCLUSIONS Unearthed samples were analyzed, which provided data support for the source of the product.

Traditional magnetorheological (MR) damper featuring fixed gaps has the shortcomings of small damping force, single dynamic performance, and low adaptability. To overcome these shortcomings, a new MR damper with enhanced effective gap lengths is developed in this work, which achieves a double extension of the effective gap lengths via compactly integrating the conical fluid channels into the annular fluid channels. On the other hand, by altering the axial position of the valve spool controlled by a locking nut, the relative distance between the valve spool and piston of the MR damper is flexibly regulated; thus, the width of this adjustable gap in the conical fluid channels can be continuously adjusted. The magnetic circuit of the proposed MR damper is developed and its mechanical model is established as well to evaluate the dynamic performance. Sequentially, the finite element analysis (FEA) methodology is applied by using ANSYS/Emag software to investigate the changes of magnetic flux densities in these adjustable gaps. Moreover, a prototype is manufactured and experimental tests are conducted to verify its dynamic performance. The experimental results, under a fixed applied current, indicate that the damping force decreases with the increase of the adjustable gaps, and the maximum damping force reaches 7.2 kN at the adjustable gap of 0.6 mm. Besides, the dynamic range increases with the increase of the adjustable gap, and the dynamic range appears with a peak of 13.6. In addition, the damping force varies from 0.2 kN to 7.2 kN while the dynamic range attains 33 correspondingly by regulating the applied current and adjustable gap from 1.6 mm to 0.6 mm. From an experimental results perspective, the damping force and dynamic range can be not only effectively controlled by excitation current but also flexibly altered by regulating the width of the adjustable gaps simultaneously. Therefore, the dynamic performance of the proposed MR damper is also enhanced.

Following the national strategies of energy conservation and environmental protection and sustainable development, it is necessary to clarify the requirements for clean energy development to alleviate energy shortage and control environmental pollution, which can provide support for clean energy development projects. Many companies in China have been involved in clean energy development activities under the guidance of preferential national policies and have made a lot of useful attempts, which have so far yielded certain results. Clean energy accommodation involves a wide range of elements, covering economic, technical and policy aspects. In addition, the extremely deep interest relationship exists between new energy generation companies, conventional energy generation companies and users . Due to the complexity of the situation, it is difficult to realize the idea of clean energy consumption in the short term. Based on the “14th Five-Year Plan” development policy system, this paper proposes measures to promote clean energy accommodation around the new energy and hydrogen energy industries. And on this basis, combined with the operation of the electricity market, this paper gives suggestions to promote the level of clean energy consumption in order to have a positive role in promoting energy consumption in China.

Recently, the advancement in communications, intelligent transportation systems, and computational systems has opened up new opportunities for intelligent traffic safety, comfort, and efficiency solutions. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely used to optimize traditional data-driven approaches in different areas of the scientific research. Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) system together with AI can acquire the information from diverse sources, can expand the driver's perception, and can predict to avoid potential accidents, thus enhancing the comfort, safety, and efficiency of the driving. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the research works that have utilized AI to address various research challenges in V2X systems. We have summarized the contribution of these research works and categorized them according to the application domains. Finally, we present open problems and research challenges that need to be addressed for realizing the full potential of AI to advance V2X systems.