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AIM:To explore the effect of the peripheral defocus spectacle lenses and orthokeratology(OK)on the control of myopia progression and the impact on vision related quality of life in children and adolescents.METHODS:Prospective study. A total of 237 children initially diagnosed with myopia in the ophthalmology department of Huzhou Central Hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected and divided into two groups according to different correction methods: peripheral defocus spectacle lenses group(105 cases, 105 eyes)and OK lens group(132 cases, 132 eyes). The Vision Related Quality of Life Questionnaire for Primary and Secondary School Students was used to follow up the both groups of myopic children, and the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), spherical equivalent(SE), and axial length(AL)were recorded at the first visit and 1 a of follow-up.RESULTS:After wearing lenses for 1 a, both the peripheral defocus spectacle lenses group and OK lens group showed an increase in SE and AL, but there was no statistical difference between two groups(P>0.05). The changes in SE and AL in the peripheral defocus spectacle lenses group were greater than those in the OK lens group(all P=0.001). After 1 a of follow-up, in the emotional dimension scores, the peripheral defocus spectacle lenses group of children's vision-related quality of life scales scored higher than in the OK lens group(P

Abstract Background The excessive application of chemical fertilizers in the cultivation of Astragalus mongholicus Bunge results in a reduction in the quality of the medicinal plant and compromises the sustainable productivity of the soil. PGPB inoculant is a hot topic in ecological agriculture research. In the cultivation of Astragalus mongholicus, the screened nitrogen-fixing bacteria can promote plant growth, however, whether it can promote the accumulation of main bioactive components remains unknown. In this study, mixed inoculants containing 5 strains of growth promoting bacteria (Rhizobium T16 , Sinorhizobium T21 , Bacillus J1 , Bacillus G4 and Arthrobacter J2) were used in the field experiment. The metabolic substances in the root tissues of Astragalus mongholicus were identified during the harvest period by non-targeted metabolomics method, and the differential metabolites between groups were identified by statistical analysis. Meanwhile, high-throughput sequencing was performed to analyze the changes of rhizosphere soil and endophytic microbial community structure after mixed microbial treatment. Results The results of non-targeted metabolism indicated a significant increase in the levels of 26 metabolites after treatment including 13 flavonoids, 3 saponins and 10 other components. The contents of three plant hormones (abscisic acid, salicylic acid and spermidine) also increased after treatment, which presumed to play an important role in regulating plant growth and metabolism. Studies on endosphere and rhizosphere bacterial communities showed that Rhzobiaceae, Micromonosporaceae, and Hypomicrobiaceae in endophytic, and Oxalobactereae in rhizosphere were significantly increased after treatment. These findings suggest their potential importance in plant growth promotion and secondary metabolism regulation. Conclusions This finding provides a basis for developing nitrogen-fixing bacteria fertilizer and improving the ecological planting efficiency of Astragalus mongholicus.

ObjectiveTo comprehend the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli （DEC） in a specific district of Beijing City from 2018 to 2022， aiming to provide evidence for the prevention and control of related diseases.MethodsStool specimens of 1 600 diarrhea cases were collected from 3 surveillance sentinel hospitals in one district of Beijing from 2018 to 2022， and DEC strains were isolated from the specimens. The virulence genes were detected by multiplex PCR， and the pathogenic types were obtained. The epidemiological and clinical data were analyzed. Simultaneously， pulsed-field gel electrophoresis （PFGE） was used to ascertain the molecular types of the strains. Cluster analysis was performed on the fingerprints of ETEC， EPEC， and EAEC strains.ResultsDEC strains were isolated in 144 of 1 600 specimens from one district of Beijing from 2018 to 2022， with a detection rate of 9.00% （144/1 600）. The primary pathogenic type was ETEC， followed by EPEC， EAEC， and EHEC， no EIEC cases were detected. The male-to-female ratio of DEC infection cases was 1.48∶1， with the highest detection rate occurring in the 31~45 age group （11.15%， 59/529）. The year 2019 exhibited the highest positive detection rate of DEC， with the highest rates consistently observed during the summer months. Significant differences in the positive detection rate of DEC were observed among different age groups and years. Most of the DEC-positive patients suffered diarrhea， dehydration， abdominal pain and watery stool. The 144 DEC strains yielded 111 bands， with homology ranging from 13.07% to 100.00%. Isolates of the same type ranged from 2 to 7 strains， and their separation intervals varied from the same day to several years.ConclusionETEC and EPEC were the predominant pathogenic types of DEC in this area， while EHEC infections persisted. DEC exhibited a high incidence during the summer and was more frequently detected in young adults. The PFGE bands exhibited a highly polymorphic distribution.

ObjectiveTo analyze the distribution of Bacillus cereus （B. cereus） and vomiting toxin gene （ces） in cooked rice samples which simulated contaminated by raw vegetables， and provide basic data for prevention of food poisoning caused by B.cereus.MethodsFifty raw vegetable samples were collected in this study. Simulate method was as contaminated “freshly cooked rice” with 0.85% physiological saline solution from washing raw vegetables， and then place it in a 30 ℃ 70% RH environment for 24 h to prepare a sample of “contaminated rice”. Plate counting， real time PCR and digital PCR were performed for raw vegetable and “contaminated rice” samples. Statistical analysis was performed on the detection rates grouped by different vegetable types for raw vegetable samples and “contaminated rice” contaminated with them.ResultsThe detection ratios of B.cereus， ces gene and Bac16s RNA gene in raw vegetables was 80.00% （40/50）， 0（0/50） and 10.00%（5/50）. The detection ratios of B.cereus， ces gene and Bac16s RNA gene in “contaminated rice” was 94.00% （47/50）， 14.00% （7/50） and 90.00% （45/50）. There was significant difference in the detection ratio of B.cereus between raw vegetables collected from agricultural markets and farmland（χ2=11.063， P=0.000 88 correction）， and the difference in the detection rates of Bac16s RNA gene and ces genes in “contaminated rice” contaminated with the two groups of raw vegetables mentioned above is statistically significant（χ2=3.926， P=0.047 5 correction； χ2=5.444， P=0.019 6 correction）. Seven “contaminated rice” were tested positive for the ces gene using real time PCR， with Ct values ranging from 24.12 to 37.73， and digital PCR results ranging from 6.8 copes/μL-6.2×106 copes/μL.ConclusionCooked rice samples which simulated contaminated by raw vegetables might be has the etiology characteristics that lead to a risk of food poisoning caused by B.cereus.

The constipation is a common complication after lumbar surgery. Constipation can be effectively relieved by pharmacologic interventions. However, there are limitations such as drug dependence and adverse effects. The acupoint application therapy based on midnight-noon ebb-flow shows advantages in the treatment of constipation. This paper summarized the current state of acupoint application therapy based on midnight-noon ebb-flow, and provided reference for clinical nursing practice in relief of constipation after lumbar surgery. (术后便秘是腰椎手术后常见的并发症之一, 通过药物干预可以有效缓解便秘症状, 但存在药物依赖、不良反应等局限性。子午流注择时穴位贴敷在改善便秘方面有其特色和优势, 在临床上患者的接受度普遍较高。本研究主要就该疗法改善腰椎术后便秘的应用现状进行总结, 旨在为临床治疗腰椎术后便秘提供可靠参考。)

ObjectiveTo analyze the contamination and drug resistance characteristics of Bacillus cereus isolated from raw vegetable.MethodsOne hundred and twenty raw vegetable samples were collected in this study in Beijing City， Shuiyi District from May to September in 2021. Plate counting， bacterial culture， real-time PCR for the ces vomiting toxin gene and the 16S rDNA gene of B. cereus were performed. Drug resistance to 14 antibiotics in B. cereus strains were determined.ResultsThe positive ratios of B. cereus in raw vegetable samples was 84.17% （101/120）. Significant differences were observed in the positive ratio of B. cereus between rhizome and leaf vegetables （χ2=14.181， P=0.000 correction）， in the positive ratio of B. cereus （χ2=11.050， P=0.004） in supermarkets， agricultural markets， and farmland， and also in the positive ratio of ces on enriched samples （P=0.001 Fisher）. Average Ct values of 16S rDNA and ces by real-time PCR in 12 ces+ enriched samples were 19.96 and 31.80， respectively； however， ces+ B. cereus was not isolated. The drug resistance ratios of B. cereus isolates to AMP， PEN， and SXT were 100%， 99.01%， and 61.39%， respectively. Five patterns of drug resistance distribution were observed and the dominant pattern was AMP+PEN+SXT （59.41%）； the multidrug resistance ratio （resistant to three or more classes of antibiotics） was 0.99% （1/101）.ConclusionB. cereus and the ces gene were widely distributed in local raw vegetable samples with a low level of multiple drug resistance in the isolates. ces+ B. cereus was present in low proportions in the B. cereus flora in s single sample of raw vegetable.

ObjectiveTo analyze an acute gastroenteritis outbreak caused by co-infection with Vibrio parahaemolyticus （V. parahaemolyticus） and non-O1/O139 Vibrio cholerae （V. cholerae）.MethodsFour anal swabs， 12 food samples， and 8 environmental samples enriched in liquid culture media were subjected to pathogen screening with real-time PCR. V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholerae strains isolated were subjected to whole genome sequencing， and virulence and antibiotic resistance genes were screened. Cladograms were constructed based on core genome single nucleotide polymorphisms.ResultsV. parahaemolyticus strains were detected in anal swab samples with real-time PCR that were toxRVP+/tdh+/trh-， and two of them were positive for V. cholerae. The positive rate of V. parahaemolyticus in the anal swab samples was 100% （4/4）， the isolates were toxRVP+/tdh+/trh-， and their serotype was O4：KUT. The positive rate of V. cholerae culture in the anal swabs of patients was 50% （2/4）. The serogroup of the isolates was non-O1/O139， and one of them was toxRVC+/ctx/t3ss+. The positive rate of V. parahaemolyticus in the food samples was 66.67% （8/12）， and that in the environment samples was 12.50% （1/8）. The strains isolated from food and environmental samples were toxRVP+/tdh-/trh-. The positive rate of V. cholerae culture in the food samples was 25.00% （3/12） and the isolated strains were toxRVC+/ctx/t3ss-. The V. parahaemolyticus strains isolated from patient， food， and environment samples formed 10 distinct lineages. The four patient isolates were highly clonal. The V. cholerae strains isolated from two patients and three food samples formed five distinct lineages.ConclusionThe outbreak was caused by co-infection with V. parahaemolyticus and non-O1/O139 V. cholerae. Real-time PCR and whole-genome sequence analysis of strains should be performed in the detection and analysis of outbreaks caused by vibrio co-infection. Additionally， optimization of vibrio culture pathways is recommended.

Objective To explore the effect of endoplasmic reticulum stress activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) on the expression of reproduction related gene heat shock protein family A member 1 like (HSPA1L) and preliminarily clarify its regulatory molecular mechanism. Methods The ATF6 over-expression plasmid was transfected into HEK-293T cells and the over-expression efficiency was verified by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The transcriptome sequencing information of testis tissue of male ATF6 knockout mice was used to screen five reproduction related genes downstream of ATF6. The dual luciferase reporter assay selected the downstream genes with high promoter activity and detected the effect of over-expression of ATF6 on the promoter activity of downstream genes.The possible binding sites of ATF6 and downstream gene promoters were predicted by gene-regulation. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the effect of over-expression of ATF6 on downstream gene expression in HEK-293T cells. Whether ATF6 binds to downstream gene promoters was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Results The expression of ATF6 mRNA (P＜0.001) and protein (P＜0.001 and P＜0.05) in HEK-293T cells was significantly increased after transfection. HSPA1L(P＜0.001 and P＜0.05), a reproductive related gene downstream of ATF6 was screened by transcriptome sequencing and dual luciferase reporter assay. ATF6 promoted the truncated promoter activity of HSPA1L(P＜0.001). After over-expression of ATF6, the expression of HSPA1L was significantly increased(P＜0.001). The differences were statistically significant. ATF6 protein could bind to the aagtcgtcac DNA sequence of HSPA1L promoter. Conclusions ATF6, a key molecule of endoplasmic reticulum stress, regulates the expression of reproduction related gene HSPA1L by binding to the promoter of HSPA1L.This result will lay a foundation for further research on the prevention or treatment of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) related male infertility.

Speckle type BTB/POZ protein (SPOP) may have cancer promoting or inhibiting effects. At present, the role of SPOP in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has rarely been studied. In this study, to investigate the effects of SPOP in HCC and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of its relationship with genes, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were classified through RNA sequencing. The gene ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functional pathway analysis were used to further predict the function of DEGs after the overexpression of SPOP. The biological function of SPOP-regulated alternative splicing events in cells is comprehensively assessed. The Cancer Genome Atlas database and Gene Expression Omnibus dataset were performed to evaluate the correlation between SPOP and HCC progression. Due to SPOP overexpression, 56 DEGs in the HCC related pathway were further identified. The results showed that SPOP overexpression facilitated the cell proliferation and changed the gene expression profiles of human normal hepatocytes. SPOP-regulated alternative splicing events were involved in pathways associated with cellular processes, metabolism, environmental information procession, organismal systems, and so on. In conclusion, SPOP may potentially exhibit tumor-promoting effects, necessitating further investigations to unveil its molecular mechanisms comprehensively.

This article summarized the nursing measures for a pediatric patient with spastic cerebral palsy treated by lumbosacral selective posterior rhizotomy. Safety management, psychological care, nutrition care, exercise counseling and preoperative evaluation should be enhanced before operation. Key issues of postoperative nursing included observation of vital signs, maintenance of indwelling catheter, skin care, prevention of complications such as dizziness, headache, nausea and vomiting, guidance on reasonable diet to prevent postoperative abdominal distension and constipation. (总结分析腰骶段选择性脊神经后根切断术治疗1例脑性瘫痪患儿的护理经验。术前做好患者安全护理、心理护理、饮食护理、功能锻炼的指导, 完善相关检查; 术后做好生命体征的观察, 加强及管路维护和皮肤护理, 积极预防头晕、头痛、恶心呕吐、等并发症, 并指导合理饮食, 以预防术后腹胀、便秘。)

This paper summarized the nursing of a patient with lumbar compression fracture after percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP) operation. The nursing measures included: pain management, psychological care, safety management, prevention of potential complications, implementation of individualized rapid rehabilitation plan and continuous nursing. The step-by-step rehabilitation plan of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine was designed to relieve the pain, shorten the recovery period, and improve the rehabilitation of spinal function and quality of life after operation. (本文总结1例腰椎压缩骨折术后患者的护理经验, 包括中医护理适宜技术、疼痛管理、心理护理、并发症预防、功能锻炼、延续性护理等。通过实施循序渐进式的康复护理, 减轻患者痛苦, 缩短康复周期, 促进脊柱区功能恢复, 实现脊柱稳定性重塑, 切实提高患者生活质量。)

Chinese medicine plays a unique role in the treatment based on syndrome differentiation of chronic atrophic gastritis/precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (CAG/PLGC), which can significantly improve the discomfort symptoms of patients and directly intervene in the process of CAG/PLGC. Based on the theory of “Treating middle energizer by achieving relative equilibrium”, combined with the physiological and pathological characteristics of middle energizer, Professor Zheng Liang has adopted a self-made Weiheng Decoction to treat CAG/PLGC by means of appropriate ascending and descending, complementation of dryness and dampness, simultaneous adjustment of cold and heat, and simultaneous application of reinforcing and reducing, etc. The prescription is light and simple, and the medication is light and flexible.

BackgroundPencil beam scanning (PBS) proton systems with a rotating gantry makes proton intensity modulation technology widely used for better protection of organs at risk, but it also brings greater challenges to the quality control of proton system.PurposeThis study aims to verify the accuracy of an XRV-124 cone-shaped scintillation detector and to investigate its feasibility for use in PBS quality assurance (QA) procedures.MethodsFirstly, according to the measurement principle of XRV-124, a single setup was implemented to measure the spot size, beam–X-ray coincidence, gantry angle, star-shot test, and mechanical accuracy simultaneously. Then, the spot size and beam–X-ray coincidence were determined at the isocenter using the XRV-124 for 70~240 MeV at increments of 10 MeV and at 30° increments for all gantry angles. The coincidence of the X-ray system and proton beam was evaluated in the X and Y directions of the International Electrotechnical Commission coordinate system (IEC). Finally, the spot size and coincidence results were compared with those of the widely used Lynx detector, whereas the gantry angle results were compared with those of the proton treatment console (PTC).ResultsThe spot sizes obtained using the XRV-124 and Lynx are in good agreement within 0.10 mm for each energy, and the results show the same trend with a maximum deviation of 0.18 mm and 0.11 mm in the IEC-X and -Y directions, respectively. The gantry angles are less than 0.2° compared to those of the PTC. For the star-shot test, the average 3D and 2D distances from the isocenter are 0.4 mm and 0.2 mm, respectively, meets the quality control requirements. The QA items can be completed in 90 min.ConclusionsThis method of this study has been successfully applied to the QA of Varian ProBeam proton radiotherapy system in Hefei ion medical center, indicating that XRV-124 cone-shaped scintillation detector can be widely used in the same type of proton radiotherapy system to improve the QA efficiency and reduce the human error caused by frequent positioning.

This paper focuses on how the cultural industry affects economic growth through the theory and model of cultural economics. Based on the development of the economic growth model endogenized by the cultural industry, it explains how the arts and entertainment sector and the digital economy play a crucial role in the long-term economic growth after examining the logic and mechanism of the cultural industry impacting economic growth through induction and theoretical derivation. To create a quantitative analytical model of the digital economy and cultural industry and investigate the relationship between them, multiple regression analysis is employed. The impact of individual aspects of each condition variable on the economic performance composition of the cultural industry is evaluated using group effects. The results of the NCA test demonstrate that the digital economy, the scale of the cultural industry, public participation, and resources are all necessary for the sector to perform economically. The effect sizes of these factors are (0.525, 0.540), (0.362, 0.347), (0.315, 0.363), and (0.271, 0.188). The digital economy’s regression coefficients, which are usually positive, are0.470, 0.461, 0.428, 0.422, 0.383, and 0.381, according to the regression study. According to this study, the cultural sector’s growth at a high standard is positively impacted by the digital economy.

ObjectiveTo investigate the factors influencing the catch-up growth of 12-months low birth weight infants in Suyu District of Suqian City during the period of COVID-19 prevention and control.MethodsAll 301 low birth weight infants were selected with clustered sampling from the database under authorized use， who made their regular check-ups and follow-ups to 12 months in Suyu District of Suqian City from January 2020 to May 2021. Data were collected on infants’ basic information， their birth situation and their weight upon birth and at 12 months， while maternal situation during pregnancy and the infants’ postnatal feeding and diseases were investigated with a questionnaire. Z scores were calculated. All infants were divided into the catch-up growth group and the uncompleted catch-up growth group according to whether the △Z score was ≥0.67. The influencing factors were analyzed for catch-up growth of the low birth weight infants during the period of COVID-19 prevention and control.ResultsThere were statistically significant differences in the rate of small for gestational age， preterm birth， intrauterine growth retardation， postnatal nutrition enhancement and feeding mode between the two groups. The results in the multifactor logistics regression analysis showed that intrauterine growth retardation （OR=0.070， 95%CI： 0.015‒0.327） was an obstacle factor for catch-up growth， while postnatal fortified nutrition （OR=6.518， 95%CI 1.215‒34.955） was a promoting factor for catch-up growth.ConclusionThere is catch-up growth in postnatal weight among most of the low birth weight infants. Postnatal fortified nutrition is beneficial to catch-up growth， while intrauterine growth retardation may induce uncompleted catch-up growth.

When large-scale photovoltaic is connected to the interconnected power grid, the problem of voltage and frequency stability is prominent due to the shortage of photovoltaic active power output during low voltage fault. Firstly, this paper established the frequency response model of the combination of hydropower and photovoltaic, and theoretically analyzed the correlation between the system frequency and the key parameters of photovoltaic active power of LVRT. Then, through the normalized sensitivity index of photovoltaic parameters, it quantitatively analyzed the impact of key parameters of photovoltaic LVRT active power on transient frequency. Thirdly, based on the above normalized sensitivity, the optimization model of photovoltaic active power parameters meeting multi-scenario transient stability constraints was established with the objective of minimizing frequency deviation. Finally, the adaptability of the optimized parameters was verified through an example. With the AC line N-2 fault as an example, the minimum transient frequency is 49.5 Hz in forward mode, which increases by 1.5 Hz. Meanwhile, the maximum transient frequency is 50.4 Hz in outgoing mode. Both scenarios meet the requirements of frequency stability, which verifies that the proposed method can improve the stability of system frequency.

With the development of new technologies in power system and the implementation of flexible policies such as demand response, traditional power consumers are gradually turning into prosumers, and their power consumption habits are also evolving and changing. In this paper, the features of power users and the potential value of massive power consumption data can be described and fully utilized by portrait technology. A method of power users' behavior portrait based on information gain and Spearman correlation coefficient is proposed. Firstly, k-means clustering algorithm based on gap statistic is used to analyze the power users' consumption data. Then, considering the effectiveness and redundancy of the feature set, the adaptability evaluation coefficient is introduced. On this basis, the optimal feature subset is obtained by genetic algorithm. Furthermore, quantitative analysis is implemented to characterize the portrait of power users. Several case studies are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

ObjectiveTo understand the contamination status and antibiotics resistance of Arcobacter isolated from commercial fresh whole chicken in Shunyi District.MethodsSixty fresh whole chicken from retail markets and supermarkets in Shunyi District were randomly purchased. The Bacterial isolation was carried out using the membrane filtration methods. The strains were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometery and real-time fluorescent PCR. The mass spectra of the strains were clustered. The isolated Arcobacter strains were subjected to a susceptibility test for 11 antibiotics using agar dilution method.ResultsThe detection rate of Arcobacter in 60 samples of commercially available fresh whole chicken was 26.67% （16/60） and all of them were Arcobacter butzleri. The detection rate of Arcobacter in June and July was significantly higher than that in May. Sixteen strains of Arcobacter were clustered by time-of-flight mass spectrometry and were divided into two clusters with a relative distance of 1 000. The relative distance was negatively correlated with the similarity of the strains， and the clustering map had a certain suggestive effect on the regional origin of the samples. The Arcobacter isolates were highly resistant to quinolone antibiotics and the resistance rates to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin were 81.25% and 43.75%， respectively. The resistance rate to gentamicin （12.50%） and erythromycin （12.50%）， azithromycin （12.50%）， telithromycin （12.50%） and streptomycin （6.25%） was relatively low.ConclusionThe detection rate of Arcobacter in raw chickens in Shunyi District is high. It should be alert to the risk of food-borne diseases caused by undercooked cooking and cross-contamination.

The aim of the study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of hydroxysaff yellow A (HSYA) on diabetic retinopathy (DR). For this, a total of 27 rats were randomly divided into normal control, model, and HSYA groups. The body weight, blood glucose, and blood–retinal barrier damage of the rats were observed and compared. The pathological change of retinal tissue were measured using H&E staining. The apoptosis of retinal tissue ganglion cells was detected by TUNEL. The interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis fator (TNF)-α levels were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was detected using thiobarbituric acid method. Superoxide dismutase levels were detected using xanthine oxidase method; Nrf2 and total HO-1 protein expressions were detected using western blot assay; Bcl-2 and P53 protein expression was measured using immunohistochemical staining. The body weight and retinal damage of the HYSA group were significantly improved (p < 0.01, respectively). The apoptosis index of the HYSA group was lower than the model group (p < 0.001). The IL-1β, TNF-α, and MDA levels of the HYSA group were significantly improved in comparison with those of the model group (p < 0.01, respectively). The Nrf-2, HO-1, Bcl-2, and P53 protein expression of HYSA group was significantly improved (p < 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, HYSA can effectively alleviate the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells in type 2 diabetic rats and improve the progression of DR.

Objective To investigate the effect of overexpression of miR-218-5p and inhibition of TDP1 expression on rotenone-induced apoptosis of gastric cancer cells, and to elucidate its possible mechanism. Methods The expression levels of miR-218-5p and TDP1 in human normal gastric epithelial cells and four gastric cancer cells were detected by RT-PCR, and their correlation was analyzed. The targeting regulation of miR-218-5p on TDP1 was verified by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Gastric cancer cell injury model was induced by 1.0 μmol/L rotenone. Cell cycle and apoptotic rate were detected by flow cytometry. TDP1 level in mitochondria and the expression of Bax and Cyt-c protein were detected by Western blot. Results The expression of miR-218-5p was low in gastric cancer cells (P < 0.05), and TDP1 was high (P < 0.01). There was a negative correlation between the expression of miR-218-5p and TDP1 (R2=0.9580, P=0.0212). Compared with the control group, SGC-7901 cells in the injured group developed G1 phase arrest and the apoptotic rate increased (P < 0.01). After transfection of miR-218-5p-mimic, the cell arrest and apoptotic rate further increased (P < 0.01), the expression of Bax and Cyt-c increased (P < 0.01), while the level of TDP1 in mitochondria decreased (P < 0.01). The G1 phase arrest of cells in TDP1 overexpression group was relieved, the apoptotic rate was decreased (P < 0.01), the level of TDP1 in mitochondria was increased (P < 0.01), and Bax and Cyt-c expression were decreased (P < 0.01). Conclusion MiR-218-5p can target TDP1 expression and induce apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. Its mechanism may be related to inhibiting mitochondrial DNA damage repair and function maintenance and activating mitochondrial endogenous apoptosis pathway.

Non-precious metal single-atom catalysts (NPM-SACs) with unique electronic structures and coordination environments have gained much attention in electrocatalysis owing to their low cost, high atomic utilization, and high performance. NPM-SACs on carbon support (NPM-SACs/CS) are promising because of the carbon substrate with a large surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, and high chemical stability. This review provides an overview of recent developments in NPM-SACs/CS for the electrocatalytic field. First, the state-of-the-art synthesis methods and advanced characterization techniques of NPM-SACs/CS are discussed in detail. Then, the structural adjustment strategy of NPM-SACs/CS for optimizing electrocatalytic performance is introduced concisely. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive summary of recent advances in developing NPM-SACs/CS for important electrochemical reactions, including carbon dioxide reduction reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, and nitrogen reduction reaction. In the end, the existing challenges and future opportunities of NPM-SACs/CS in the electrocatalytic field are highlighted.

The composition-engineered band structures of two-dimensional (2D) ternary transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) semiconductor alloys directly dominate their electronic and optical properties. Herein, in this paper, a detailed theoretical and experimental study on the composition-dependent nonlinear optical properties of 2D MoSxSe2−x alloys was carried out. The first-principles calculations were performed to investigate the compositionally modulated properties of monolayer 2D MoSxSe2−x (x = 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 1.75) in terms of the carrier effective mass, carrier density and mobility, as well as band-gaps. Furthermore, high-quality few-layered MoSxSe2−x (x = 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 1.8) nanosheets were fabricated by using liquid phase exfoliation method. The third-order nonlinear optical response was investigated by open-aperture Z-scan technique, revealing composition-dependent saturable absorption, and light modulation properties, which were correlated to the theoretical calculations and further confirmed by using MoSxSe2−x nanosheets as saturable absorbers (SAs) for all-solid-state pulsed lasers. In particular, a mode-locked solid-state laser with pulse width of 227 fs was realized with MoS0.2Se1.8 as SA, for the first time to our best knowledge. Our work not only provides a comprehensive understanding of the compositionally and defectively modulated nonlinear optical responses of ternary TMDCs alloys, but also paves a way for the development of 2D materials-based novel optoelectronic devices.

Objective To investigate the changes in the sagittal diameter of the upper airway before and after the treatment of skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion in adults with microimplant anchorage and class Ⅲ intermaxillary elastics and to provide a reference for clinical treatment. Methods A total of 35 adult patients with skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion were selected to be treated with the straight-wire technique. Microimplant group, 15 cases (group A): patients with severe skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion (vertical high angle) were treated with the straight-wire technique combined with microimplant anchorage; class Ⅲ intermaxillary elastics group, 20 cases (group B): Patients with mild or moderate skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion (vertical low angle and average angle) were treated with the straight-wire technique combined with class Ⅲ intermaxillary elastics, and cephalometric radiographs obtained before and after treatment in the upper airway in the two groups were measured and analyzed. Results Changes in cranial and maxillofacial measurements after correction: in group A, (sella-nasion-supramental angle) the SNB angle decreased significantly (P < 0.05), and (subspinale-nasion-supramental angle) the ANB angle increased significantly (P < 0.05). In group B, the SNB angle decreased significantly (P < 0.05), while (subspinale-nasion-subspinale angle) the SNA angle、ANB angle and anterior skull base plane-mandibular plane angle (Sn-MP) angle increased significantly (P < 0.05). Changes in sagittal diameter of the upper airway measurements after corrections: In group A, the width of the glossopharyngeal segment of the upper airway (TB-TPPW) decreased significantly (P < 0.05). In group B, first segment width of the upper airway behind the hard palate (PNS-R) increased significantly (P < 0.05). After correction, the decreased SNB and increased ANB in group A was higher than that in group B, and the difference was statistically significant （P < 0.05）. The decreased of TB-TPPW in upper airway of group A was greater than that of group B, and the difference was statistically significant （P < 0.05）. Conclusions In the treatment of skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion with microimplant anchorage, the sagittal diameter of the glossopharyngeal segment of the upper airway has a negative impact.

Objective To investigate the effects of microRNA-382-5p (miR-382-5p) expression in breast cancer tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) on the polarization phenotype of macrophages as well as the biological characteristics of breast cancer, and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods Breast cancer TAMs and their paring macrophages from adjacent tissues of 25 breast cancer patients treated in our hospital between 2018 and 2020 were collected, and the expression of miR-382-5p was detected by qRT-PCR. Mouse peritoneal macrophages (PMs) were transfected with miR-382-5p over-expressed lentivirus. The changes of M1/M2 polarization indicators (iNOS, TNF-α, Arg-1, IL-10, etc.) and the expression of miR-382-5p and Akt/mTOR signaling pathway were determined by qRT-PCR and Western blotting, and the expression of CD86 and CD206 were tested using flow cytometry. After the 4T1 mouse breast cancer cells were co-cultured with TAMs and TAMs overexpressing miR-382-5p, respectively, or treated with the corresponding supernatants, the proliferative capacity of 4T1 cells was subsequently tested by CCK-8 assay, the invasion ability and the migration ability of 4T1 cells were observed using Transwell assay and cell scratch assay, respectively. Results The level of miR-382-5p in breast cancer TAMs was significantly lower than that in macrophages of pairing adjacent tissues (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the levels of M1-phenotype polarization markers (iNOS, TNF-α, CD86, etc.) were increased, while those of M2 indicators (Arg-1, IL-10, CD206) were decreased in the miR-382-5p overexpressed group (P < 0.05), and the phosphorylation levels of the proteins related to Akt/mTOR signaling pathway were reduced (P < 0.05). In addition, the abilities of proliferation, invasion and migration of 4T1 cells were all inhibited in the miR-382-5p overexpressed group as compared with the TAMs group (P < 0.05). Conclusion miR-382-5p may possibly play a vital role in the invasion and migration processes of breast cancer cells by affecting the polarization phenotypes of TAMs, and the mechanism may be associated with miR-382-5p mediated Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in the regulation of macrophage polarization.

Objective To investigate the metastasis of non-sentinel lymph node (NSLN) in breast cancer patients with 1~2 positive axillary sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) and the related risk factors. Methods Clinicopathologic parameters of 383 breast cancer patients with 1~2 positive SLNs admitted in our hospital from 2016 to 2018 were collected and retrospectively studied. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to explore the related predictors of NSLN metastasis. Results In the enrolled 383 patients, only 149 (38.9%) were observed with NSLN metastasis. Univariate analysis showed ultrasound axillary lymph node (ALN) status (P < 0.001), number of positive SLN (P=0.007), number of negative SLN (P < 0.001), number of SLN dissected (P < 0.001), metastatic rate of SLN (P < 0.001) and lymph-vascular invasion (LVI, P=0.003) were related with NSLN metastasis. Multivariate logistic regressive analysis indicated that ultrasound ALN status (P=0.001), number of negative SLN (P=0.019), metastatic rate of SLN (P=0.037), LVI (P=0.039) and HER2 over-expression (P=0.026) were the independent predictive factors of NSLN metastasis. Conclusion Ultrasound ALN status, number of negative SLN, metastatic rate of SLN, LVI and HER2 over-expression can be used as the independent predictive factors of NSLN metastasis. Attention should be paid to the clinicopathological characteristics when decision of avoiding axillary lymph node dissection in breast cancer patients with 1~2 positive SLNs.

Drought has a significant impact on agricultural, ecological, and socioeconomic spheres. Although many drought indices have been proposed until now, the detection of droughts at regional scales still needs to be further studied. The Standardized Vegetation Index (SVI) that represents vegetation growing condition, the Standardized Water Index (SWI) that represents canopy water content, and the Evaporative Stress Index (ESI) that quantifies anomalies in the ratio of actual to potential evapotranspiration were calculated based on the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. A new remote sensing-based Vegetation Drought Monitor Synthesized Index (VDSI) was proposed by integrating the SVI, SWI, and ESI in the northeast China. When tested against the in situ Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), VDSI with proper weights of three variables outperformed individual remote sensing drought indices. The county-level yields of the main crops in the study area from 2001 to 2010 were also used to validate the VDSI. The correlation analysis between the yield data and the VDSI data during the crop growing season was performed, and its results showed that VDSI during the crop reproductive growth period was strongly correlated with the variation of crop yield. It was proved that this index is a potential indicator for assessment of the spatial pattern of drought severity in northeast China.

The signaling lymphocytes activating molecule factor 7(SLAMF7) is not only expressed on the surface of some malignant tumor cells, but also widely expressed in immune cells, including natural killer cells, CD4+T cells, CD8+T cells, B cells, dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes/macrophages. It can regulate the biological behavior of tumor cells as well as immune cells and contribute to anti-tumor effects of immune cells in tumor microenvironment. Herein, we review the functional role of SLAMF7 in regulating immune cells to suppress tumor progression.

Objective To evaluate the drug information cards in drug safety management in clinical settings. Methods A set of cards contains image and specification of drug were designed and applied in drug safety management in clinical settings. The condition of drug safety management was evaluated before implementation (from Jan, 2015 to December 2015) and after implementation (from Jan, 2016 to December 2016). Results The rate of awareness on oral medication among patients increased from 56. 00% before implementation to 94. 67% after implementation. The rate of compliance with oral medication among patients increased from 92. 20% before implementation to 99. 40% after implementation. The rate of implementation of health education on medication among nurses increased from 80. 50% before implementation to 99. 40% after implementation. Conclusion The application of drug information cards is help to increase pharmacological knowledge level of nurses and reduce medication error. (目的 探讨口服药图集卡在临床安全用药管理中的应用效果。方法 制作口服药图集卡, 比较2015年1月—12月口服药图集卡使用前和2016年1月—12月口服药图集卡使用后的安全用药管理情况。结果 2016年使用口服药物图集后, 患者对口服药物知识知晓率由2015年的56. 00%提高为94. 67%, 患者口服给药依从性由2015年的89. 40%提升为98. 60%, 患者住院满意率由2015年的92. 20%提升为99. 40%, 护士对患者用药健康教育执行率由2015年80. 5%提高到99. 4%。结论 口服药图集卡的应用有助于提高护士对药理知识的掌握水平, 对减少用药差错有重要意义。)

A finite-time adaptive attitude tracking fault-tolerant control method is proposed for non-rigid spacecraft with actuator fault, time-varying inertia and external disturbances. Firstly, based on the finite-time theory and adaptive approach, for overcoming the inertia uncertainties and rejecting the external disturbances, an adaptive system uncertainty estimation and disturbance estimation are designed to compensate the system respectively. Then, on the basis of fault-tolerant control scheme and double power method, an adaptive finite-time attitude tracking fault-tolerant control algorithm is proposed, and the practical finite-time stability of the system is proved via Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, numerical simulation is demonstrated. The result shows that the proposed finite-time control strategy is effective.