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7. Epidemiology and genetic characterization of influenza viruses circulating in Bhutan in 2022.

Author

Dorji, Kunzang, Klungthong, Chonticha, Dorji, Tshering, Wangchuk, Tandin, Yuden, Pema, Pelki, Tshering, Ghishing, Tara Devi, Gyemiry, Govinda, Gyeltshen, Sonam, Chinnawirotpisan, Piyawan, Manasatienkij, Wudtichai, Wangchuk, Sonam, and Farmer, Aaron

Subjects
INFLUENZA viruses, VACCINE effectiveness, GENETIC epidemiology, RESPIRATORY infections, INFLUENZA
Abstract

Introduction: Influenza (Flu) causes considerable morbidity and mortality globally, and in Bhutan, Flu viruses are a leading cause of acute respiratory infection and cause outbreaks during Flu seasons. In this study, we aim to analyze the epidemiology and the genetic characterization of Flu viruses circulated in Bhutan in 2022. Method: Respiratory specimens were collected from patients who meet the case definition for influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) from sentinel sites. Specimens were tested for Flu and SARS-CoV-2 viruses by RT-PCR using the Multiplex Assay. Selected positive specimens were utilized for Flu viral genome sequencing by next-generation sequencing. Descriptive analysis was performed on patient demographics to see the proportion of Flu-associated ILI and SARI. All data were analyzed using Epi Info7 and QGIS 3.16 software. Result: A weekly average of 16.2 ILI cases per 1000 outpatient visits and 18 SARI cases per 1000 admitted cases were reported in 2022. The median age among ILI was 12 years (IQR: 5–28) and SARI was 6.2 (IQR: 2.5–15) years. Flu A(H3N2) (70.2%) subtype was the most predominant circulating strain. Flu A(H1N1)pdm09 and Flu B viruses belonged to subclades that were mismatched to the vaccine strains recommended for the 2021–2022 season but matched the vaccine strain for the 2022–2023 season with vaccine efficacy 85.14% and 88.07% respectively. Flu A(H3N2) virus belonged to two subclades which differed from the vaccine strains recommended in both the 2021–2022 and 2022–2023 seasons with vaccine efficacy 68.28%. Conclusion: Flu virus positivity rates were substantially elevated during the Flu season in 2022 compared to 2021. Flu A(H3N2) subtype was the most predominant circulating strain in the country and globally. Genetic characterization of the Flu viruses in Bhutan showed a close relatedness of high vaccine efficacy with the vaccine strain that WHO recommended for the 2022–23 season. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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12. Japanese Encephalitis Virus as Cause of Acute Encephalitis, Bhutan

Author

Wangchuk, Sonam, Tamang, Tshewang Dorji, Darnal, Jit Bahadur, Pelden, Sonam, Lhazeen, Karma, Mynak, Mimi Lhamu, Letson, G. William, Khare, Shalini, Leader, Brandon Troy, Martin, Anthony A., and Hills, Susan L.

Subjects
Japanese encephalitis, Vaccination, Epidemiology, Swine, Health
Abstract

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a mosquitoborne flavivirus, is a common cause of encephalitis in Asia (1). Japanese encephalitis (JE) causes considerable illness and death, particularly in children JEV is maintained [...]

Published
2020
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13. Environmental drivers and remote sensing proxies of post-fire thaw depth in Eastern Siberian larch forests.

Author

Diaz, Lucas Ribeiro, Delcourt, Clement J. F., Langer, Moritz, Loranty, Michael M., Rogers, Brendan M., Scholten, Rebecca C., Shestakova, Tatiana A., Talucci, Anna C., Vonk, Jorien E., Wangchuk, Sonam, and Veraverbeke, Sander

Subjects
FOREST fires, REMOTE sensing, NORMALIZED difference vegetation index, LAND surface temperature, THAWING, FOREST density
Abstract

Boreal fire regimes are intensifying because of climate change and the northern parts of boreal forests are underlain by permafrost. Boreal fires combust vegetation and organic soils, which insulate permafrost, and as such deepen the seasonally thawed active layer and can lead to further carbon emissions to the atmosphere. Current understanding of the environmental drivers of post-fire thaw depth is limited but of critical importance. In addition, mapping thaw depth over fire scars may enable a better understanding of the spatial variability in post-fire responses of permafrost soils. We assessed the environmental drivers of post-fire thaw depth using field data from a fire scar in a larch-dominated forest in the continuous permafrost zone in Eastern Siberia. Particularly, summer thaw depth was deeper in burned (mean = 127.3 cm, standard deviation (sd) = 27.7 cm) than in unburned (98.1 cm, sd = 26.9 cm) landscapes one year after the fire, yet the effect of fire was modulated by landscape and vegetation characteristics. We found deeper thaw in well-drained landscape positions, in open larch forest often intermixed with Scots pine, and in high severity burns. The environmental drivers, site moisture, forest type and density, and fire severity explained 73.4 % of the measured thaw depth variability at the study sites. In addition, we evaluated the relationships between field-measured thaw depth and several remote sensing proxies. Albedo, the differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR), land surface temperature (LST), and pre-fire Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from Landsat 8 imagery together explained 66.3 % of the variability in field-measured thaw depth. Based on these remote sensing proxies and multiple linear regression analysis, we estimated thaw depth over the entire fire scar, and found that LST displayed particularly strong correlations with post-fire thaw depth (r = 0.65, p < 0.01). Our study reveals some of the governing processes of post-fire thaw depth development and shows the capability of Landsat imagery to estimate thaw depth at a landscape scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. The effect of chloroquine dose and primaquine on Plasmodium vivax recurrence: a WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network systematic review and individual patient pooled meta-analysis

Author

Commons, Robert J, Simpson, Julie A, Thriemer, Kamala, Humphreys, Georgina S, Abreha, Tesfay, Alemu, Sisay G, Añez, Arletta, Anstey, Nicholas M, Awab, Ghulam R, Baird, J Kevin, Barber, Bridget E, Borghini-Fuhrer, Isabelle, Chu, Cindy S, D'Alessandro, Umberto, Dahal, Prabin, Daher, André, de Vries, Peter J, Erhart, Annette, Gomes, Margarete S M, Gonzalez-Ceron, Lilia, Grigg, Matthew J, Heidari, Aliehsan, Hwang, Jimee, Kager, Piet A, Ketema, Tsige, Khan, Wasif A, Lacerda, Marcus V G, Leslie, Toby, Ley, Benedikt, Lidia, Kartini, Monteiro, Wuelton M, Nosten, Francois, Pereira, Dhelio B, Phan, Giao T, Phyo, Aung P, Rowland, Mark, Saravu, Kavitha, Sibley, Carol H, Siqueira, André M, Stepniewska, Kasia, Sutanto, Inge, Taylor, Walter R J, Thwaites, Guy, Tran, Binh Q, Tran, Hien T, Valecha, Neena, Vieira, José Luiz F, Wangchuk, Sonam, William, Timothy, Woodrow, Charles J, Zuluaga-Idarraga, Lina, Guerin, Philippe J, White, Nicholas J, and Price, Ric N

Published
2018
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16. Retrospective use of next-generation sequencing reveals the presence of Enteroviruses in acute influenza-like illness respiratory samples collected in South/South-East Asia during 2010–2013

Author

Rutvisuttinunt, Wiriya, Klungthong, Chonticha, Thaisomboonsuk, Butsaya, Chinnawirotpisan, Piyawan, Ajariyakhajorn, Chuanpis, Manasatienkij, Wudtichai, Phonpakobsin, Thipwipha, Lon, Chanthap, Saunders, David, Wangchuk, Sonam, Shrestha, Sanjaya K., Velasco, John Mark S., Alera, Maria Theresa P., Simasathien, Sriluck, Buddhari, Darunee, Jarman, Richard G., Macareo, Louis R, Yoon, In-Kyu, and Fernandez, Stefan

Published
2017
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17. Chapter 49 - The Global Snow Leopard and Ecosystem Protection Program

Author

Sharma, Koustubh, Alexander, Justine Shanti, Zakharenka, Andrew, Kochorov, Chyngyz, Rutherford, Brad, Varma, Keshav, Seth, Anand, Kushlin, Andrey, Lumpkin, Susan, Seidensticker, John, Laporte, Bruno, Tichomirow, Boris, Jackson, Rodney M., Mishra, Charudutt, Abdiev, Bakhtiyar, Modaqiq, Abdul Wali, Wangchuk, Sonam, Zhongtian, Zhang, Khanduri, Shakti Kant, Duisekeyev, Bakytbek, Dorjgurkhem, Batbold, Pandey, Megh Bahadur, Nasir, Syed Mahmood, Nawaz, Muhammad Ali, Fominykh, Irina, Saidov, Nurali, Yunusov, Nodirjon, and Murali, Ranjini

Published
2024
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19. Dissecting the molecular evolution of fluoroquinolone-resistant Shigella sonnei

Author

Chung The, Hao, Boinett, Christine, Pham Thanh, Duy, Jenkins, Claire, Weill, Francois-Xavier, Howden, Benjamin P., Valcanis, Mary, De Lappe, Niall, Cormican, Martin, Wangchuk, Sonam, Bodhidatta, Ladaporn, Mason, Carl J., Nguyen, To Nguyen Thi, Ha Thanh, Tuyen, Voong, Vinh Phat, Duong, Vu Thuy, Nguyen, Phu Huong Lan, Turner, Paul, Wick, Ryan, Ceyssens, Pieter-Jan, Thwaites, Guy, Holt, Kathryn E., Thomson, Nicholas R., Rabaa, Maia A., and Baker, Stephen

Published
2019
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20. The haematological consequences of Plasmodium vivax malaria after chloroquine treatment with and without primaquine: a WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis

Author

Commons, Robert J., Simpson, Julie A., Thriemer, Kamala, Chu, Cindy S., Douglas, Nicholas M., Abreha, Tesfay, Alemu, Sisay G., Añez, Arletta, Anstey, Nicholas M., Aseffa, Abraham, Assefa, Ashenafi, Awab, Ghulam R., Baird, J. Kevin, Barber, Bridget E., Borghini-Fuhrer, Isabelle, D’Alessandro, Umberto, Dahal, Prabin, Daher, André, de Vries, Peter J., Erhart, Annette, Gomes, Margarete S. M., Grigg, Matthew J., Hwang, Jimee, Kager, Piet A., Ketema, Tsige, Khan, Wasif A., Lacerda, Marcus V. G., Leslie, Toby, Ley, Benedikt, Lidia, Kartini, Monteiro, Wuelton M., Pereira, Dhelio B., Phan, Giao T., Phyo, Aung P., Rowland, Mark, Saravu, Kavitha, Sibley, Carol H., Siqueira, André M., Stepniewska, Kasia, Taylor, Walter R. J., Thwaites, Guy, Tran, Binh Q., Hien, Tran T., Vieira, José Luiz F., Wangchuk, Sonam, Watson, James, William, Timothy, Woodrow, Charles J., Nosten, Francois, Guerin, Philippe J., White, Nicholas J., and Price, Ric N.

Published
2019
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24. Distribution of influenza virus types by age using case-based global surveillance data from twenty-nine countries, 1999-2014

Author

Caini, Saverio, Spreeuwenberg, Peter, Kusznierz, Gabriela F., Rudi, Juan Manuel, Owen, Rhonda, Pennington, Kate, Wangchuk, Sonam, Gyeltshen, Sonam, Ferreira de Almeida, Walquiria Aparecida, Pessanha Henriques, Cláudio Maierovitch, Njouom, Richard, Vernet, Marie-Astrid, Fasce, Rodrigo A., Andrade, Winston, Yu, Hongjie, Feng, Luzhao, Yang, Juan, Peng, Zhibin, Lara, Jenny, Bruno, Alfredo, de Mora, Doménica, de Lozano, Celina, Zambon, Maria, Pebody, Richard, Castillo, Leticia, Clara, Alexey W., Matute, Maria Luisa, Kosasih, Herman, Nurhayati, Puzelli, Simona, Rizzo, Caterina, Kadjo, Herve A., Daouda, Coulibaly, Kiyanbekova, Lyazzat, Ospanova, Akerke, Mott, Joshua A., Emukule, Gideon O., Heraud, Jean-Michel, Razanajatovo, Norosoa Harline, Barakat, Amal, el Falaki, Fatima, Huang, Sue Q., Lopez, Liza, Balmaseda, Angel, Moreno, Brechla, Rodrigues, Ana Paula, Guiomar, Raquel, Ang, Li Wei, Lee, Vernon Jian Ming, Venter, Marietjie, Cohen, Cheryl, Badur, Selim, Ciblak, Meral A., Mironenko, Alla, Holubka, Olha, Bresee, Joseph, Brammer, Lynnette, Hoang, Phuong Vu Mai, Le, Mai Thi Quynh, Fleming, Douglas, Séblain, Clotilde El-Guerche, Schellevis, François, Paget, John, and Global Influenza B Study group

Published
2018
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25. Surface Water Dynamics from Space:A Round Robin Intercomparison of Using Optical and SAR High-Resolution Satellite Observations for Regional Surface Water Detection

Author

Tottrup, Christian, Druce, Daniel, Meyer, Rasmus Probst, Christensen, Mads, Riffler, Michael, Dulleck, Bjoern, Rastner, Philipp, Jupova, Katerina, Sokoup, Tomas, Haag, Arjen, Cordeiro, Mauricio C R, Martinez, Jean-Michel, Franke, Jonas, Schwarz, Maximilian, Vanthof, Victoria, Liu, Suxia, Zhou, Haowei, Marzi, David, Rudiyanto, Rudiyanto, Thompson, Mark, Hiestermann, Jens, Alemohammad, Hamed, Masse, Antoine, Sannier, Christophe, Wangchuk, Sonam, Schumann, Guy, Giustarini, Laura, Hallowes, Jason, Markert, Kel, Paganini, Marc, University of Zurich, and Earth and Climate

Subjects
surface water dynamics, SAR and optical data, data fusion, water resource management, Sustainable Development Goal 6, 10122 Institute of Geography, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, 910 Geography & travel, SDG 15 - Life on Land
Abstract

Climate change, increasing population and changes in land use are all rapidly driving the need to be able to better understand surface water dynamics. The targets set by the United Nations under Sustainable Development Goal 6 in relation to freshwater ecosystems also make accurate surface water monitoring increasingly vital. However, the last decades have seen a steady decline in in situ hydrological monitoring and the availability of the growing volume of environmental data from free and open satellite systems is increasingly being recognized as an essential tool for largescale monitoring of water resources. The scientific literature holds many promising studies on satellite-based surface-water mapping, but a systematic evaluation has been lacking. Therefore, a round robin exercise was organized to conduct an intercomparison of 14 different satellite-based approaches for monitoring inland surface dynamics with Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2, and Landsat 8 imagery. The objective was to achieve a better understanding of the pros and cons of different sensors and models for surface water detection and monitoring. Results indicate that, while using a single sensor approach (applying either optical or radar satellite data) can provide comprehensive results for very specific localities, a dual sensor approach (combining data from both optical and radar satellites) is the most effective way to undertake largescale national and regional surface water mapping across bioclimatic gradients.

Published
2022

26. Surface Water Dynamics from Space: A Round Robin Intercomparison of Using Optical and SAR High-Resolution Satellite Observations for Regional Surface Water Detection

Author

Tottrup, Christian, primary, Druce, Daniel, additional, Meyer, Rasmus Probst, additional, Christensen, Mads, additional, Riffler, Michael, additional, Dulleck, Bjoern, additional, Rastner, Philipp, additional, Jupova, Katerina, additional, Sokoup, Tomas, additional, Haag, Arjen, additional, Cordeiro, Mauricio C. R., additional, Martinez, Jean-Michel, additional, Franke, Jonas, additional, Schwarz, Maximilian, additional, Vanthof, Victoria, additional, Liu, Suxia, additional, Zhou, Haowei, additional, Marzi, David, additional, Rudiyanto, Rudiyanto, additional, Thompson, Mark, additional, Hiestermann, Jens, additional, Alemohammad, Hamed, additional, Masse, Antoine, additional, Sannier, Christophe, additional, Wangchuk, Sonam, additional, Schumann, Guy, additional, Giustarini, Laura, additional, Hallowes, Jason, additional, Markert, Kel, additional, and Paganini, Marc, additional

Published
2022
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27. An open dataset of Plasmodium vivax genome variation in 1,895 worldwide samples

Author

Adam, Ishag, Alam, Mohammad Shafiul, Alemu, Sisay, Amaratunga, Chanaki, Amato, Roberto, Andrianaranjaka, Voahangy, Anstey, Nicholas M, Aseffa, Abraham, Ashley, Elizabeth, Assefa, Ashenafi, Auburn, Sarah, Barber, Bridget E, Barry, Alyssa, Batista Pereira, Dhelio, Cao, Jun, Chau, Nguyen Hoang, Chotivanich, Kesinee, Chu, Cindy, Dondorp, Arjen M, Drury, Eleanor, Echeverry, Diego F, Erko, Berhanu, Espino, Fe, Fairhurst, Rick, Faiz, Abdul, Fernanda Villegas, María, Gao, Qi, Golassa, Lemu, Goncalves, Sonia, Grigg, Matthew J, Hamedi, Yaghoob, Hien, Tran Tinh, Htut, Ye, Johnson, Kimberly J, Karunaweera, Nadira, Khan, Wasif, Krudsood, Srivicha, Kwiatkowski, Dominic P, Lacerda, Marcus, Ley, Benedikt, Lim, Pharath, Liu, Yaobao, Llanos-Cuentas, Alejandro, Lon, Chanthap, Lopera-Mesa, Tatiana, Marfurt, Jutta, Michon, Pascal, Miotto, Olivo, Mohammed, Rezika, Mueller, Ivo, Namaik-Larp, Chayadol, Newton, Paul N, Nguyen, Thuy-Nhien, Nosten, Francois, Noviyanti, Rintis, Pava, Zuleima, Pearson, Richard D, Petros, Beyene, Phyo, Aung P, Price, Ric N, Pukrittayakamee, Sasithon, Rahim, Awab Ghulam, Randrianarivelojosia, Milijaona, Rayner, Julian C, Rumaseb, Angela, Siegel, Sasha V, Simpson, Victoria J, Thriemer, Kamala, Tobon-Castano, Alberto, Trimarsanto, Hidayat, Urbano Ferreira, Marcelo, Vélez, Ivan D, Wangchuk, Sonam, Wellems, Thomas E, White, Nicholas J, William, Timothy, Yasnot, Maria F, Yilma, Daniel, Alam, Mohammad Shafiul [0000-0001-8330-5499], Ashley, Elizabeth [0000-0002-7620-4822], Barber, Bridget E [0000-0003-1066-7960], Batista Pereira, Dhelio [0000-0002-7761-5498], Chu, Cindy [0000-0001-9465-8214], Dondorp, Arjen M [0000-0001-5190-2395], Echeverry, Diego F [0000-0003-0301-4478], Espino, Fe [0000-0003-1690-1711], Faiz, Abdul [0000-0002-3460-7535], Golassa, Lemu [0000-0002-1216-8711], Grigg, Matthew J [0000-0001-9914-8352], Karunaweera, Nadira [0000-0003-3985-1817], Kwiatkowski, Dominic P [0000-0002-5023-0176], Ley, Benedikt [0000-0002-5734-0845], Miotto, Olivo [0000-0001-8060-6771], Nguyen, Thuy-Nhien [0000-0002-4101-5706], Nosten, Francois [0000-0002-7951-0745], Pearson, Richard D [0000-0002-7386-3566], Phyo, Aung P [0000-0002-0383-9624], Price, Ric N [0000-0003-2000-2874], Rayner, Julian C [0000-0002-9835-1014], Urbano Ferreira, Marcelo [0000-0002-5293-9090], Wellems, Thomas E [0000-0003-3899-8454], Yasnot, Maria F [0000-0001-8081-4212], Yilma, Daniel [0000-0001-6058-2696], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
parasitic diseases, Genomics, Genomic Epidemiology, Plasmodium vivax, Malaria, Data Resource
Abstract

This report describes the MalariaGEN Pv4 dataset, a new release of curated genome variation data on 1,895 samples of Plasmodium vivax collected at 88 worldwide locations between 2001 and 2017. It includes 1,370 new samples contributed by MalariaGEN and VivaxGEN partner studies in addition to previously published samples from these and other sources. We provide genotype calls at over 4.5 million variable positions including over 3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), as well as short indels and tandem duplications. This enlarged dataset highlights major compartments of parasite population structure, with clear differentiation between Africa, Latin America, Oceania, Western Asia and different parts of Southeast Asia. Each sample has been classified for drug resistance to sulfadoxine, pyrimethamine and mefloquine based on known markers at the dhfr, dhps and mdr1 loci. The prevalence of all of these resistance markers was much higher in Southeast Asia and Oceania than elsewhere. This open resource of analysis-ready genome variation data from the MalariaGEN and VivaxGEN networks is driven by our collective goal to advance research into the complex biology of P. vivax and to accelerate genomic surveillance for malaria control and elimination.

Published
2022

28. Assessment of the rabies education among middle secondary school students of southeastern Bhutan

Author

Lungten, Lungten, Tenzin, Tenzin, Rinchen, Sangay, Chedup, Kinzang, Wangchuk, Sonam, Phimpraphai, Waraphon, De Garine-Wichatitsky, Michel, Lungten, Lungten, Tenzin, Tenzin, Rinchen, Sangay, Chedup, Kinzang, Wangchuk, Sonam, Phimpraphai, Waraphon, and De Garine-Wichatitsky, Michel

Abstract

Rabies is one of the most important zoonotic diseases that mostly affect children. We conducted a rabies education among 129 secondary school children (intervention group = 94 students, control group = 35 students) in two schools in southeast Bhutan and evaluated the effectiveness of the lesson by comparing the knowledge, perception and safety behaviour score about rabies before and after education. We also assessed the knowledge retention capacity of the students at three months post intervention. Our findings indicated that short rabies lesson significantly (P<0.001) improved the mean knowledge score from 19.98(±2.72) to 26.96(±2.24) in the intervention group. Similarly, mean scores for perception and safety behaviour improved significantly (P<0.001) from 10.77 (±1.89) to 13.95 (±1.36) and 9.809 (±1.85) to 12.97 (±1.54), respectively. Although the scores have reduced significantly (P<0.001) at three months post intervention, most of the rabies information was largely retained by the students. In control group, significant increase in mean scores were also observed for perception from 10.17 (±2.38) to 11.2 (±2.44) and safety behaviour from 9.14(±1.44) to 10.74 (±1.95) after 3 months of education. The finding demonstrate that a short rabies lesson is effective in improving knowledge, perceptions and understanding of dog bites safety behaviour among the school children. However, there is a need for a frequent awareness program, at least quarterly or half yearly. Rabies education should focus on critical points such as dog bites being the main source of rabies and the importance washing a dog/animal bite wound with soap and water, and visiting the hospital for medical advice following animal bites.

Published
2022

29. Surface water dynamics from space: A round robin intercomparison of using optical and SAR high-resolution satellite observations for regional surface water detection

Author

Tottrup, Christian; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4937-0083, Druce, Daniel; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4652-5158, Meyer, Rasmus Probst, Christensen, Mads; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7113-8339, Riffler, Michael, Dulleck, Bjoern, Rastner, Philipp, Jupova, Katerina, Sokoup, Tomas, Haag, Arjen; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8805-0923, Cordeiro, Mauricio C R, Martinez, Jean-Michel; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3281-8512, Franke, Jonas, Schwarz, Maximilian; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8059-5697, Vanthof, Victoria; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0393-5170, Liu, Suxia, Zhou, Haowei, Marzi, David; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3580-2711, Rudiyanto, Rudiyanto; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8837-8053, Thompson, Mark, Hiestermann, Jens, Alemohammad, Hamed; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5662-3643, Masse, Antoine; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0099-2789, Sannier, Christophe, Wangchuk, Sonam, Schumann, Guy; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0968-7198, Giustarini, Laura, Hallowes, Jason, Markert, Kel; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7557-0425, Paganini, Marc, Tottrup, Christian; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4937-0083, Druce, Daniel; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4652-5158, Meyer, Rasmus Probst, Christensen, Mads; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7113-8339, Riffler, Michael, Dulleck, Bjoern, Rastner, Philipp, Jupova, Katerina, Sokoup, Tomas, Haag, Arjen; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8805-0923, Cordeiro, Mauricio C R, Martinez, Jean-Michel; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3281-8512, Franke, Jonas, Schwarz, Maximilian; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8059-5697, Vanthof, Victoria; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0393-5170, Liu, Suxia, Zhou, Haowei, Marzi, David; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3580-2711, Rudiyanto, Rudiyanto; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8837-8053, Thompson, Mark, Hiestermann, Jens, Alemohammad, Hamed; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5662-3643, Masse, Antoine; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0099-2789, Sannier, Christophe, Wangchuk, Sonam, Schumann, Guy; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0968-7198, Giustarini, Laura, Hallowes, Jason, Markert, Kel; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7557-0425, and Paganini, Marc

Abstract

Climate change, increasing population and changes in land use are all rapidly driving the need to be able to better understand surface water dynamics. The targets set by the United Nations under Sustainable Development Goal 6 in relation to freshwater ecosystems also make accurate surface water monitoring increasingly vital. However, the last decades have seen a steady decline in in situ hydrological monitoring and the availability of the growing volume of environmental data from free and open satellite systems is increasingly being recognized as an essential tool for largescale monitoring of water resources. The scientific literature holds many promising studies on satellite-based surface-water mapping, but a systematic evaluation has been lacking. Therefore, a round robin exercise was organized to conduct an intercomparison of 14 different satellite-based approaches for monitoring inland surface dynamics with Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2, and Landsat 8 imagery. The objective was to achieve a better understanding of the pros and cons of different sensors and models for surface water detection and monitoring. Results indicate that, while using a single sensor approach (applying either optical or radar satellite data) can provide comprehensive results for very specific localities, a dual sensor approach (combining data from both optical and radar satellites) is the most effective way to undertake largescale national and regional surface water mapping across bioclimatic gradients.

Published
2022

33. List of Contributors

Author

Abdiev, Bakhtiyar, primary, Agvaantseren, Bayarjargal, additional, Ale, Som, additional, Ali, Hussain, additional, Allen, Priscilla, additional, Almashev, Chagat, additional, Amato, George, additional, Amgalanbaatar, Sukh, additional, Amirov, Zayiniddin, additional, Anarbaev, Maksat, additional, Arenas, Rafael, additional, Aromov, Bakhtyor, additional, Bürki, Roland, additional, Bayrakçısmith, Rana, additional, Beale, Nick, additional, Bhatnagar, Yash Veer, additional, Bijoor, Ajay, additional, Blidchenko, Ekaterina Yu., additional, Blomqvist, Leif, additional, Boixader, Jordi, additional, Botezatu, Ioana, additional, Breitenmoser, Urs, additional, Breitenmoser-Würsten, Christine, additional, Buzdar, Hafeez, additional, Bykova, Elena, additional, Caragiulo, Anthony, additional, Castner, Jennifer, additional, Chundawat, Raghunandan S., additional, Colorado, Apela, additional, Criffield, Marc, additional, Dadul, Jigmet, additional, Dashzeveg, Unurzul, additional, Davaa, Galbadrakh, additional, Davletbakov, Askar, additional, Ud Din, Jaffar, additional, Dorjgurkhem, Batbold, additional, Driscoll, Carlos A., additional, Duisekeyev, Bakytbek, additional, Esipov, Alexander, additional, Farrington, John D., additional, Fernández, Leonardo, additional, Fisher, Kim, additional, Fominykh, Irina, additional, Fox, Joseph L., additional, García-Tardío, Maribel, additional, Garrote, Germán, additional, Ghoshal, Abhishek, additional, Gibbs, James P., additional, Gilbert, Martin, additional, Harris, Richard B., additional, Heiner, Michael, additional, Hemmingmoore, Heather, additional, Hernandez-Blanco, Jose A., additional, Hillard, Darla, additional, Hotham, Paul, additional, Howard, Pippa, additional, Hunter, Don, additional, Hussain, Shafqat, additional, Istomov, Sergei, additional, Jackson, Rodney M., additional, Jiménez-Peréz, Ignacio Ignacio, additional, Johansson, Örjan, additional, Kachel, Shannon, additional, Karimov, Khalil, additional, Karnaukhov, Alexander, additional, Kiesecker, Joseph, additional, Khan, Ahmad, additional, Khan, Ashiq Ahmad, additional, Khanduri, Shakti Kant, additional, Khatiwada, Ambika, additional, Khuukhenduu, Tungalagtuya, additional, Kitchener, Andrew C., additional, Kochorov, Chyngyz, additional, Koontz, Fred W., additional, Korablev, Miroslav, additional, Kozlova, Svetlana, additional, Kubanychbekov, Zairbek, additional, Kunkel, Kyran, additional, Kuksin, Alexander, additional, Kushlin, Andrey, additional, Lal, Panna, additional, Lama, Wendy Brewer, additional, Lanz, Tabea, additional, Laporte, Bruno, additional, Li, Juan, additional, Lind, Thomas, additional, Liu, Yanlin, additional, Loginov, Oleg, additional, Loginova, Irina, additional, López, Guillermo, additional, López-Parra, Marcos, additional, Lovari, Sandro, additional, Lu, Zhi, additional, Lumpkin, Susan, additional, Maheshwari, Aishwarya, additional, Majumder, Bipasha, additional, Mallon, David, additional, Malykh, Sergei, additional, Mathur, Vinod Bihari, additional, McCarthy, Kyle, additional, McCarthy, Thomas, additional, Michel, Stefan, additional, Mijiddorj, Tserenadmid, additional, Miquelle, Dale G., additional, Mishra, Charudutt, additional, Mock, John, additional, Modaqiq, Abdul Wali, additional, Mohammad, Ghulam, additional, Moheb, Zalmai, additional, Mostafawi, Sayed Naqibullah, additional, Munkhtsog, Bariushaa, additional, Murali, Ranjini, additional, Naidenko, Sergey V., additional, Namgail, Tsewang, additional, Nasir, Syed Mahmood, additional, Nawaz, Muhammad Ali, additional, Noras, Sibylle, additional, Nyul, Helen, additional, Oakleaf, James, additional, Onorato, Dave, additional, Ostrowski, Stéphane, additional, Padmanabhan, Sujatha, additional, Paley, Richard, additional, Paltsyn, Mikhail, additional, Pandey, Megh Bahadur, additional, Poyarkov, Andrey, additional, Prins, Herbert H.T., additional, Protas, Yelizaveta, additional, Purevjav, Lkhagvajav, additional, Quammen, Betsy Gaines, additional, Raghunath, Rangaswamy, additional, Reading, Richard P., additional, Redpath, Stephen R., additional, Rey, Teresa del, additional, Riordan, Philip, additional, Robinson, Hugh S., additional, Rosen, Tatjana, additional, Rozhnov, Viatcheslav V., additional, Rozhnov, Vyacheslav, additional, Ruiz, Gema, additional, Rullman, Jennifer Snell, additional, Rutherford, Brad, additional, Ryskulova, Nargiza, additional, Saidov, Abdusattor, additional, Saidov, Nurali, additional, Samanchina, Jarkyn, additional, Sanderson, Eric W., additional, Sathyakumar, Sambandam, additional, Seidensticker, John, additional, Seth, Anand, additional, Shah, Karan B., additional, Shah, Safdar Ali, additional, Sharma, Koustubh, additional, Sharma, Rishi Kumar, additional, Shehzad, Wasim, additional, Shi, Kun, additional, Simón, Miguel A., additional, Simms, Anthony, additional, Sliwa, Alexander, additional, Sonam, Karma, additional, Sorokin, Pavel A., additional, Spitsyn, Sergei, additional, Suryawanshi, Kulbhushansingh R., additional, Tetzloff, Jay, additional, Tharchen, Lhendup, additional, Thinley, Tanzin, additional, Thomas, Patrick R., additional, Tichomirow, Boris, additional, Timbadia, Radhika, additional, Trivedi, Pranav, additional, uulu, Kuban Jumabai, additional, Varma, Keshav, additional, von Meibom, Stephanie, additional, Wangchuk, Sonam, additional, Wangchuk, Tshewang R., additional, Weckworth, Byron, additional, Weddle, Mike, additional, Wegge, Per, additional, Whitten, Tony, additional, Wong, Wai-Ming, additional, Xiao, Lingyun, additional, Yachmennikova, Anna A., additional, Yunden, Bayarjargal, additional, Yin, Hang, additional, Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki, additional, Yunusov, Nodirjon, additional, Zahler, Peter, additional, Zakharenka, Andrew, additional, Zhao, Xiang, additional, Zhongtian, Zhang, additional, and Zvychainaya, Elena, additional

Published
2016
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34. The Global Snow Leopard and Ecosystem Protection Program

Author

Zakharenka, Andrew, primary, Sharma, Koustubh, additional, Kochorov, Chyngyz, additional, Rutherford, Brad, additional, Varma, Keshav, additional, Seth, Anand, additional, Kushlin, Andrey, additional, Lumpkin, Susan, additional, Seidensticker, John, additional, Laporte, Bruno, additional, Tichomirow, Boris, additional, Jackson, Rodney M., additional, Mishra, Charudutt, additional, Abdiev, Bakhtiyar, additional, Modaqiq, Abdul Wali, additional, Wangchuk, Sonam, additional, Zhongtian, Zhang, additional, Khanduri, Shakti Kant, additional, Duisekeyev, Bakytbek, additional, Dorjgurkhem, Batbold, additional, Pandey, Megh Bahadur, additional, Nasir, Syed Mahmood, additional, Nawaz, Muhammad Ali, additional, Fominykh, Irina, additional, Saidov, Nurali, additional, and Yunusov, Nodirjon, additional

Published
2016
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35. An open dataset of Plasmodium vivax genome variation in 1,895 worldwide samples

Author

MalariaGEN, Adam, Ishag, Alam, Mohammad Shafiul, Alemu, Sisay, Amaratunga, Chanaki, Amato, Roberto, Andrianaranjaka, Voahangy, Anstey, Nicholas M, Aseffa, Abraham, Ashley, Elizabeth, Assefa, Ashenafi, Auburn, Sarah, Barber, Bridget E, Barry, Alyssa, Batista Pereira, Dhelio, Cao, Jun, Chau, Nguyen Hoang, Chotivanich, Kesinee, Chu, Cindy, Dondorp, Arjen M, Drury, Eleanor, Echeverry, Diego F, Erko, Berhanu, Espino, Fe, Fairhurst, Rick, Faiz, Abdul, Fernanda Villegas, María, Gao, Qi, Golassa, Lemu, Goncalves, Sonia, Grigg, Matthew J, Hamedi, Yaghoob, Hien, Tran Tinh, Htut, Ye, Johnson, Kimberly J, Karunaweera, Nadira, Khan, Wasif, Krudsood, Srivicha, Kwiatkowski, Dominic P, Lacerda, Marcus, Ley, Benedikt, Lim, Pharath, Liu, Yaobao, Llanos-Cuentas, Alejandro, Lon, Chanthap, Lopera-Mesa, Tatiana, Marfurt, Jutta, Michon, Pascal, Miotto, Olivo, Mohammed, Rezika, Mueller, Ivo, Namaik-Larp, Chayadol, Newton, Paul N, Nguyen, Thuy-Nhien, Nosten, Francois, Noviyanti, Rintis, Pava, Zuleima, Pearson, Richard D, Petros, Beyene, Phyo, Aung P, Price, Ric N, Pukrittayakamee, Sasithon, Rahim, Awab Ghulam, Randrianarivelojosia, Milijaona, Rayner, Julian C, Rumaseb, Angela, Siegel, Sasha V, Simpson, Victoria J, Thriemer, Kamala, Tobon-Castano, Alberto, Trimarsanto, Hidayat, Urbano Ferreira, Marcelo, Vélez, Ivan D, Wangchuk, Sonam, Wellems, Thomas E, White, Nicholas J, William, Timothy, Yasnot, Maria F, Yilma, Daniel, AII - Infectious diseases, Intensive Care Medicine, MalariaGEN, Alam, Mohammad Shafiul [0000-0001-8330-5499], Ashley, Elizabeth [0000-0002-7620-4822], Barber, Bridget E [0000-0003-1066-7960], Batista Pereira, Dhelio [0000-0002-7761-5498], Chu, Cindy [0000-0001-9465-8214], Dondorp, Arjen M [0000-0001-5190-2395], Echeverry, Diego F [0000-0003-0301-4478], Espino, Fe [0000-0003-1690-1711], Faiz, Abdul [0000-0002-3460-7535], Golassa, Lemu [0000-0002-1216-8711], Karunaweera, Nadira [0000-0003-3985-1817], Kwiatkowski, Dominic P [0000-0002-5023-0176], Ley, Benedikt [0000-0002-5734-0845], Miotto, Olivo [0000-0001-8060-6771], Nguyen, Thuy-Nhien [0000-0002-4101-5706], Nosten, Francois [0000-0002-7951-0745], Pearson, Richard D [0000-0002-7386-3566], Phyo, Aung P [0000-0002-0383-9624], Price, Ric N [0000-0003-2000-2874], Rayner, Julian C [0000-0002-9835-1014], Urbano Ferreira, Marcelo [0000-0002-5293-9090], Wellems, Thomas E [0000-0003-3899-8454], Yasnot, Maria F [0000-0001-8081-4212], Yilma, Daniel [0000-0001-6058-2696], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Data resource, parasitic diseases, Medicine (miscellaneous), Genomics, Genomic epidemiology, Plasmodium vivax, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Malaria
Abstract

This report describes the MalariaGEN Pv4 dataset, a new release of curated genome variation data on 1,895 samples of Plasmodium vivax collected at 88 worldwide locations between 2001 and 2017. It includes 1,370 new samples contributed by MalariaGEN and VivaxGEN partner studies in addition to previously published samples from these and other sources. We provide genotype calls at over 4.5 million variable positions including over 3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), as well as short indels and tandem duplications. This enlarged dataset highlights major compartments of parasite population structure, with clear differentiation between Africa, Latin America, Oceania, Western Asia and different parts of Southeast Asia. Each sample has been classified for drug resistance to sulfadoxine, pyrimethamine and mefloquine based on known markers at the dhfr, dhps and mdr1 loci. The prevalence of all of these resistance markers was much higher in Southeast Asia and Oceania than elsewhere. This open resource of analysis-ready genome variation data from the MalariaGEN and VivaxGEN networks is driven by our collective goal to advance research into the complex biology of P. vivax and to accelerate genomic surveillance for malaria control and elimination.

Published
2022

37. The evolutionary history of Shigella flexneri serotype 6 in Asia

Author

Mai, Si-Nguyen T., primary, Bodhidatta, Ladaporn, additional, Turner, Paul, additional, Wangchuk, Sonam, additional, Ha Thanh, Tuyen, additional, Voong Vinh, Phat, additional, Pham, Duy Thanh, additional, Rabaa, Maia A., additional, Thwaites, Guy E., additional, Thomson, Nicholas R., additional, Baker, Stephen, additional, and Chung The, Hao, additional

Published
2021
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40. Contributors

Author

Abdiev, Bakhtiyar, Agvaantseren, Bayarjargal, Akmatova, Kuluipa, Alamshev, Chagat, Alamshoev, Qurbonidin, Ale, Som, Alexander, Justine Shanti, Ali, Hussain, Allen, Priscilla, Amgalanbaatar, Sukh, Arenas-Rojas, Rafael, Aromov, Bakhtyor, Asykulov, Tolkunbek, Atzeni, Luciano, Augugliaro, Claudio, Ayusheev, Vladimir (Norbu), Azhunova, Maria, Baidavletov, Yerlik, Bayrakcismith, Rana, Bespalov, Maxim, Bhatia, Saloni, Bhatnagar, Yash Veer, Bijoor, Ajay, Blidchenko, Ekaterina Yu., Blomqvist, Leif, Boixader, Jordi, Borchers, David, Breitenmoser, Urs, Breitenmoser-Würsten, Christine, Bürki, Roland, Bykova, Elena, Cancellare, Imogene, Caragiulo, Anthony, Castner, Jennifer, Chelteuv, Slava, Chistopolova, Maria, Chundawat, Raghunandan S., Colorado, Apela, Criffield, Marc, Dadul, Jigmet, Dashzeveg, Unurzul, Davaa, Galbadrakh, Davletbakov, Askar, del Rey, Teresa, Dendhup, Tashi, Din, Jaffar Ud, Dorjgurkhem, Batbold, Driscoll, Carlos A., Duisekeyev, Bakytbek, Durbach, Ian, Dzhanyspaev, Altynbek, Erdenetsogt, Buyanbadrakh, Esipov, Alexander, Farrington, John D., Faryabi, Sorosh Poya, Fernández, Leonardo, Ferretti, Francesco, Fisher, Kim, Fominykh, Irina, Fox, Joseph L., García-Tardío, Maribel, Garmaev, Rinchin, Garrote, Germán, Ghoshal, Abhishek, Gilbert, Martin, Grachev, Alexey, Grachev, Yuriy, Gritsina, Mariya, Hacker, Charlotte, Hameed, Shoaib, Harris, Richard B., Heiner, Michael, Hemmingmoore, Heather, Hernandez-Blanco, José Antonio, Hillard, Darla, Hotham, Paul, Howard, Pippa, Hunter, Ben, Hunter, Don, Hussain, Shafqat, Ivashkina, Lyubov, Jackson, Rodney M., Janecka, Jan E., Jiménez, Ignacio, Johansson, Örjan, Jumabayuulu, Kubanychbek, Kachel, Shannon, Karimov, Khalil, Karnaukhov, Alexander, Khan, Ashiq Ahmad, Khan, Babar, Khanal, Gopal, Khanduri, Shakti Kant, Khatiwada, Ambika, Kholmatov, Ismoil, Khurelbataar, Erdembileg, Khuukhenduu, Tungalagtuya, Kiesecker, Joseph, Kitchener, Andrew C., Kochorov, Chyngyz, Kodi, Abinand Reddy, Koontz, Fred W., Korablev, Miroslav, Koshkin, Maxim, Kubanychbekov, Zairbek, Kuksin, Alexander, Kulenbekov, Rakhim, Kunkel, Kyran, Kushlin, Andrey, Lal, Panna, Lama, Wendy Brewer, Lanz, Tabea, Laporte, Bruno, Li, Juan, Liang, Xuchang, Lind, Thomas, Liu, Yanlin, Liu, Yixuan, Loginova, Olga, López, Guillermo, López-Parra, Marcos, Lovari, Sandro, Lu, Zhi, Lumpkin, Susan, Lyons, Anna, Lyu, Zhuoluo, MacKenzie, Darryl, Maheshwari, Aishwarya, Majumder, Bipasha, Malikov, Denis, Mallon, David, Malykh, Sergei, Mathur, V.B., McCann, Colleen, McCarthy, Kyle, McCarthy, Tom, Michel, Stefan, Mijiddorj, Tserenadmid Nadia, Miquelle, Dale G., Mishra, Charudutt, Mock, John, Modaqiq, Abdul Wali, Mohammad, Ghulam, Moheb, Zalmai, Moshier, Andrea, Munkhtsog, Bariushaa, Munkhtsog, Bayaraa, Murali, Ranjini, Musaev, Almaz, Naidenko, Sergey V., Namgail, Tsewang, Nasir, Syed Mahmood, Nawaz, Muhammad Ali, Nichols, James, Niraj, Shekhar Kumar, Noras, Sibylle, Novikova, Tatjana, Nygren, Emma, Nyul, Helen, Oakleaf, James, Onrato, Dave, Osmanova, Almagul, Ostrowski, Stéphane, Padmanabhan, Sujatha, Pal, Ranjana, Paley, Richard, Paltsyn, Mikhail, Pandey, Megh Bahadur, Poyarkov, Andrey, Prins, Herbert H.T., Protas, Yelizaveta, Quammen, Betsy, Raghunath, R., Rasheed, Tahir, Raymbekov, Zhaparkul, Reading, Richard P., Redpath, Stephen R., Riordan, Philip, Rosen, Tatjana, Rozhnov, Viatcheslav V., Ruiz, Gema, Rullman, Jennifer Snell, Rutherford, Brad, Ryskulova, Nargiza, Saidov, Abdusattor, Saidov, Nurali, Samanchina, Jarkyn, Samelius, Gustaf, Sanderson, Eric W., Sanjer, Amruddin, Saparbayev, Saltore, Sathyakumar, S., Schwartz, Karin R., Seidensticker, John, Seth, Anand, Shah, Karan B., Shah, Safdar Ali, Shaidoev, Sayfidin, Sharma, Koustubh, Sharma, Rishi Kumar, Shi, Kun, Simms, Anthony, Simón, Miguel A., Slight, Ted Waleij, Sliwa, Alexander, Sonam, Karma, Sorokin, Pavel A., Spitsyn, Sergei, Suresh, Shruti, Suryawanshi, Kulbhushansingh Ramesh, Sutherland, Chris, Tallian, Aimee, Tetzloff, Jay, Thakali, Shailendra, Thinley, Tanzin, Thomas, Patrick R., Tichomirow, Boris, Timbadia, Radhika, Trivedi, Pranav, Uluu, Kuban Jumabay, Varma, Keshav, Victurine, Ray, Wang, Jun, Wangchuk, Sonam, Wangchuk, Tshewang R., Weckworth, Byron, Weddle, Mike, Wegge, Per, Whitten, Tony, Wong, Wai-Ming, Xiao, Lingyun, Xueyang, Li, Yachmennikova, Anna A., Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki, Yin, Hang, Young, Juliette, Yunusov, Nodirjon, Zahler, Peter, Zakharenka, Andrew, Zhao, Xiang, Zhi, Lu, and Zhongtian, Zhang

Published
2024
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41. Epidemiological and virological characteristics of influenza B: results of the Global Influenza B Study

Author

Caini, Saverio, Huang, Sue Q., Ciblak, Meral A., Kusznierz, Gabriela, Owen, Rhonda, Wangchuk, Sonam, Henriques, Cláudio M. P., Njouom, Richard, Fasce, Rodrigo A., Yu, Hongjie, Feng, Luzhao, Zambon, Maria, Clara, Alexey W., Kosasih, Herman, Puzelli, Simona, Kadjo, Herve A., Emukule, Gideon, Heraud, Jean-Michel, Ang, Li Wei, Venter, Marietjie, Mironenko, Alla, Brammer, Lynnette, Mai, Le Thi Quynh, Schellevis, François, Plotkin, Stanley, Paget, John, Rudi, Juan Manuel, Dorji, Kunzang, Marins, José Ricardo Pio, de Almeida, Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira, Vernet, Marie-Astrid, Vernet, Guy, Andrade, Winston, Yang, Juan, Li, Ming, Lara, Jenny, de Lozano, Celina, Pebody, Richard, Ellis, Joanna, Green, Helen, Castillo, Leticia, Matute, Maria Luisa, Nurhayati, Donatelli, Isabella, Daouda, Coulibaly, Mott, Joshua A., Razanajatovo, Norosoa Harline, Randrianasolo, Laurence, Lopez, Liza, Balmaseda, Angel, Moreno, Brechla, Cutter, Jeffrey, Lee, Vernon J., Cohen, Cheryl, Badur, Selim, Radchenko, Larysa, and Bresee, Joseph

Published
2015
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42. Global burden of influenza-associated lower respiratory tract infections and hospitalizations among adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Lafond, Kathryn E., Porter, Rachael M., Whaley, Melissa J., Suizan, Zhou, Ran, Zhang, Aleem, Mohammad Abdul, Thapa, Binay, Sar, Borann, Proschle, Viviana Sotomayor, Peng, Zhibin, Feng, Luzhao, Coulibaly, Daouda, Nkwembe, Edith, Olmedo, Alfredo, Ampofo, William, Saha, Siddhartha, Chadha, Mandeep, Mangiri, Amalya, Setiawaty, Vivi, Ali, Sami Sheikh, Chaves, Sandra S., Otorbaeva, Dinagul, Keosavanh, Onechanh, Saleh, Majd, Ho, Antonia, Alexander, Burmaa, Oumzil, Hicham, Baral, Kedar Prasad, Sue Huang, Q., Adebayo, Adedeji A., Al-Abaidani, Idris, von Horoch, Marta, Cohen, Cheryl, Tempia, Stefano, Mmbaga, Vida, Chittaganpitch, Malinee, Casal, Mariana, Dang, Duc Anh, Couto, Paula, Nair, Harish, Bresee, Joseph S., Olsen, Sonja J., Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo, Nuorti, J. Pekka, Widdowson, Marc Alain, Global Respiratory Hospitalizations–Influenza Proportion Positive (GRIPP) Working Group, Flora, Meerjady Sabrina, Wangchuk, Sonam, Fasce, Rodrigo A., Olivares, María Fernanda, Qin, Ying, Tampere University, and Health Sciences

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, RNA viruses, Male, Viral Diseases, Influenza Viruses, Influenza, Respiratory infections, Influenza A virus, Influenza viruses, Vaccination and immunization, Systematic reviews, Metaanalysis, Age groups, Pulmonology, Epidemiology, Cochrane Library, medicine.disease_cause, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Global Health, 0302 clinical medicine, Medical Conditions, Mathematical and Statistical Techniques, Cost of Illness, Global health, Medicine and Health Sciences, Public and Occupational Health, 030212 general & internal medicine, Young adult, Respiratory Tract Infections, Aged, 80 and over, Respiratory tract infections, Statistics, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Orthomyxoviridae, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, Hospitalization, Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology, Meta-analysis, Viral Pathogens, Viruses, Physical Sciences, Population study, Medicine, Female, Pathogens, Research Article, Adult, Infectious Disease Control, Disease Surveillance, Research and Analysis Methods, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Respiratory Disorders, Young Adult, Influenza, Human, medicine, Humans, Statistical Methods, Microbial Pathogens, Aged, Biology and life sciences, business.industry, Organisms, 030104 developmental biology, Age Groups, Infectious Disease Surveillance, Respiratory Infections, People and Places, Observational study, Population Groupings, business, Mathematics, Demography, Orthomyxoviruses
Abstract

Background Influenza illness burden is substantial, particularly among young children, older adults, and those with underlying conditions. Initiatives are underway to develop better global estimates for influenza-associated hospitalizations and deaths. Knowledge gaps remain regarding the role of influenza viruses in severe respiratory disease and hospitalizations among adults, particularly in lower-income settings. Methods and findings We aggregated published data from a systematic review and unpublished data from surveillance platforms to generate global meta-analytic estimates for the proportion of acute respiratory hospitalizations associated with influenza viruses among adults. We searched 9 online databases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Global Health, LILACS, WHOLIS, and CNKI; 1 January 1996–31 December 2016) to identify observational studies of influenza-associated hospitalizations in adults, and assessed eligible papers for bias using a simplified Newcastle–Ottawa scale for observational data. We applied meta-analytic proportions to global estimates of lower respiratory infections (LRIs) and hospitalizations from the Global Burden of Disease study in adults ≥20 years and by age groups (20–64 years and ≥65 years) to obtain the number of influenza-associated LRI episodes and hospitalizations for 2016. Data from 63 sources showed that influenza was associated with 14.1% (95% CI 12.1%–16.5%) of acute respiratory hospitalizations among all adults, with no significant differences by age group. The 63 data sources represent published observational studies (n = 28) and unpublished surveillance data (n = 35), from all World Health Organization regions (Africa, n = 8; Americas, n = 11; Eastern Mediterranean, n = 7; Europe, n = 8; Southeast Asia, n = 11; Western Pacific, n = 18). Data quality for published data sources was predominantly moderate or high (75%, n = 56/75). We estimate 32,126,000 (95% CI 20,484,000–46,129,000) influenza-associated LRI episodes and 5,678,000 (95% CI 3,205,000–9,432,000) LRI hospitalizations occur each year among adults. While adults, In this meta-analysis, Kathryn E. Lafond and colleagues estimate the global hospitalisation burden from influenza infections in adults., Author summary Why was this study done? Every year, millions of people become infected with influenza viruses, which infect the airways and cause symptoms that include a fever, tiredness and weakness, general aches and pains, sore throat, and cough. Most infected individuals recover quickly, but some develop more severe illness such as pneumonia, and may require hospitalization. Influenza vaccination can prevent infections and severe disease, but decisions on how to prioritize risk groups, particularly in limited-resource settings, require a robust evidence base, including global, regional, and local data. What did the researchers do and find? We conducted a systematic review to identify published articles on influenza-associated respiratory disease in hospitalized adults. We then aggregated the data from these articles with data collected by hospital-based influenza surveillance, to calculate a pooled estimate of the proportion of adults hospitalized with respiratory disease who are positive for influenza. Through this approach, we estimated that influenza was associated with 14% of acute respiratory hospitalizations among adults worldwide. This equates to over 5 million influenza-associated hospitalizations per year, with the highest rates among those 65 years and older. What do these findings mean? Estimating the disease burden of influenza allows researchers and policymakers to better understand its global impact across different target groups and allows comparisons with other causes of morbidity and mortality. As global populations age, the importance of vaccinating adults, particularly older adults, is likely to increase.

Published
2021

43. Chikungunya fever outbreak, Bhutan, 2012

Author

Wangchuk, Sonam, Chinnawirotpisan, Piyawan, Dorji, Tshering, Tobgay, Tashi, Dorji, Tandin, Yoon, In-Kyu, and Fernandez, Stefan

Subjects
Immunoglobulins -- Health aspects, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay -- Health aspects, Vaccines -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Chikungunya fever is caused by infection with chikungunya virus (CHIKV; family Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus). CHIKV was first isolated from humans and mosquitoes during an epidemic of chikungunya fever in Newala, [...]

Published
2013
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44. Defining the seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus around the world: National and subnational surveillance data from 12 countries

Author

Staadegaard, Lisa, primary, Caini, Saverio, additional, Wangchuk, Sonam, additional, Thapa, Binay, additional, Almeida, Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira, additional, Carvalho, Felipe Cotrim, additional, Fasce, Rodrigo A., additional, Bustos, Patricia, additional, Kyncl, Jan, additional, Novakova, Ludmila, additional, Caicedo, Alfredo Bruno, additional, Mora Coloma, Domenica Joseth, additional, Meijer, Adam, additional, Hooiveld, Mariëtte, additional, Huang, Q. Sue, additional, Wood, Tim, additional, Guiomar, Raquel, additional, Rodrigues, Ana Paula, additional, Lee, Vernon Jian Ming, additional, Ang, Li Wei, additional, Cohen, Cheryl, additional, Moyes, Jocelyn, additional, Larrauri, Amparo, additional, Delgado‐Sanz, Concepción, additional, Demont, Clarisse, additional, Bangert, Mathieu, additional, Dückers, Michel, additional, Summeren, Jojanneke, additional, and Paget, John, additional

Published
2021
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45. Modeling distribution and habitat suitability for the snow leopard in Bhutan

Author

Lham, Dechen; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0817-4553, Cozzi, Gabriele; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1744-1940, Sommer, Stefan; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4092-7068, Thinley, Phuntsho, Wangchuk, Namgay, Wangchuk, Sonam, Ozgul, Arpat; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7477-2642, Lham, Dechen; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0817-4553, Cozzi, Gabriele; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1744-1940, Sommer, Stefan; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4092-7068, Thinley, Phuntsho, Wangchuk, Namgay, Wangchuk, Sonam, and Ozgul, Arpat; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7477-2642

Abstract

The snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is one of the world's most elusive felids. In Bhutan, which is one of the 12 countries where the species still persists, reliable information on its distribution and habitat suitability is lacking, thus impeding effective conservation planning for the species. To fill this knowledge gap, we created a country-wide species distribution model using “presence-only” data from 420 snow leopard occurrences (345 from a sign survey and 77 from a camera-trapping survey) and 12 environmental covariates consisting of biophysical and anthropogenic factors. We analyzed the data in an ensemble model framework which combines the outputs from several species distribution models. To assess the adequacy of Bhutan's network of protected areas and their potential contribution toward the conservation of the species, we overlaid the output of the ensemble model on the spatial layers of protected areas and biological corridors. The ensemble model identified 7,206 km2 of Bhutan as suitable for the snow leopard: 3,647 km2 as highly suitable, 2,681 km2 as moderately suitable, and 878 km2 as marginally suitable. Forty percent of the total suitable habitat consisted of protected areas and a further 8% of biological corridors. These suitable habitats were characterized by a mean livestock density of 1.3 individuals per hectare, and a mean slope of 25°; they closely match the distribution of the snow leopard's main wild prey, the bharal (Pseudois nayaur). Our study shows that Bhutan's northern protected areas are a centre for snow leopard conservation both at the national and regional scale.

Published
2021

46. Innovative Lessons from Ladakh for Rest of the World.

Author

Wangchuk, Sonam

Subjects
SOLAR energy, GLACIERS, TECHNOLOGICAL innovations, PROBLEM solving
Abstract

The article states that a center for inventive, affordable, and eco-friendly problem-solving methods has emerged in India's Ladakh region. It mentions that the world has taken notice of Ladakh's adoption of solar-powered homes, mud buildings heated by passive solar, and a man-made glacier called Ice Stupa. It highlights that behind these innovations are institutions such as Students' Educational and Cultural Movement of Ladakh (SECMOL) and the Himalayan Institute of Alternatives in Ladakh.

Published
2022

47. The Global Epidemiology of RSV in Community and Hospitalized Care: Findings From 15 Countries

Author

Staadegaard, Lisa, primary, Caini, Saverio, additional, Wangchuk, Sonam, additional, Thapa, Binay, additional, de Almeida, Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira, additional, de Carvalho, Felipe Cotrim, additional, Njouom, Richard, additional, Fasce, Rodrigo A, additional, Bustos, Patricia, additional, Kyncl, Jan, additional, Novakova, Ludmila, additional, Caicedo, Alfredo Bruno, additional, de Mora Coloma, Domenica Joseth, additional, Meijer, Adam, additional, Hooiveld, Mariëtte, additional, Huang, Sue, additional, Wood, Tim, additional, Guiomar, Raquel, additional, Rodrigues, Ana Paula, additional, Danilenko, Daria, additional, Stolyarov, Kirill, additional, Lee, Vernon Jian Ming, additional, Ang, Li Wei, additional, Cohen, Cheryl, additional, Moyes, Jocelyn, additional, Larrauri, Amparo, additional, Delgado-Sanz, Concepción, additional, Le, Mai Quynh, additional, Hoang, Phuong Vu Mai, additional, Demont, Clarisse, additional, Bangert, Mathieu, additional, van Summeren, Jojanneke, additional, Dückers, Michel, additional, and Paget, John, additional

Published
2021
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