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Yanyan Liu, 1 Zhucheng Yin, 2 Ping Lu, 2 Yifei Ma, 2 Bo Luo, 3 Lanxin Xiang, 4 Wangli Zhang, 4 Yu He, 5 Xinjun Liang 2 1Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Radiotherapy, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xinjun Liang; Yu He Email doctorlxj@163.com; heyu6666@163.comObjective: To investigate the potential mechanism underlying the effect of lung carcinoma cell-derived exosomes on dendritic cell function.Materials and Methods: C57BL/6 (B6) mice were randomly divided into five groups: control, dendritic cell (DC), DC-NC, DC-siMALAT1, and siMALAT1. Tumor cell proliferation was measured by Ki-67 staining. LLC cells were divided into control, NC, and si-MALAT1 groups, and exosomes secreted by each group were labeled as PEX, PEXN, and PEX-si, respectively. Exosomes and autophagic vacuoles were observed by transmission electron microscopy. MALAT1 expression in LLC, A549, and Beas-2b cells was examined by RT-PCR. The expression of IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-10, and TGF-β was observed by Elisa assay. Flow cytometry was used to observe the phagocytic function of DCs, costimulatory molecule expression, and T cell proliferation and differentiation. The protein expression of p-AKT, AKT, p-mTOR, mTOR, ALIX, TSG101, and CD63 was detected by Western blot.Results: Compared with Beas-2b cells, MALAT1 expression was significantly increased in both LLC and A549 cells and in their secreted exosomes, and LLC cells showed the highest expression of MALAT1 (P < 0.05). Tumor cell proliferation and tumor volume were significantly decreased in the siMALAT1 and DC-siMALAT1 groups compared to those in the control group. DC phagocytosis, inflammatory response, costimulatory molecule expression, and T cell proliferation in the siMALAT1 and PEX-si groups were significantly enhanced (P < 0.05), while DC autophagy and T cell differentiation were reduced (P < 0.05). The levels of p-AKT, AKT, p-mTOR, and mTOR in the PEX and PEXN groups were increased compared with those in the control group, while those in the siMALAT1 and PEX-si groups were significantly decreased (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Inhibition of MALAT1 expression in LLC-derived exosomes promoted DC function and T cell proliferation and suppressed DC autophagy and T cell differentiation, suggesting that MALAT1 inhibition may be a potential strategy for the clinical treatment of lung cancer.Keywords: MALAT1, dendritic cells, AKT, mTOR, autophagy

Higher frequencies of polyfunctional PD1

To avoid chilling injury (CI) of nectarines during storage, the impact of near-freezing temperature (NFT) (-1.4 ± 0.1 °C), 0 ± 0.1 °C and 5 ± 0.1 °C on CI incidence, ion leakage, levels of soluble sugars and enzymatic activities related to soluble sugars and energy metabolism, were investigated over five weeks. NFT-stored fruit showed no CI symptoms and significantly (P 0.05) lower increase of ion leakage than those kept at 0 and 5 °C. NFT significantly (P 0.05) diminished the activities of sucrose metabolism-associated enzymes leading to a higher level of sucrose in fruit, and maintained higher activities of hexokinase and fructokinase. Additionally, NFT-stored fruit exhibited significantly (P 0.05) higher activities of energy metabolism-associated enzymes than fruit stored at 0 and 5 °C, leading to high levels of adenosine triphosphate and energy in fruit. These results indicated that NFT storage can effectively enhance chilling tolerance of nectarine fruit by inducing the metabolism of soluble carbohydrates and energy.

Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan that is being evaluated as an emerging therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). GPC3 has been shown to interact with several extracellular signaling molecules, including Wnt, HGF, and Hedgehog. Here, we reported a cell surface transmembrane protein (FAT1) as a new GPC3 interacting protein. The GPC3 binding region on FAT1 was initially mapped to the C-terminal region (Q14517, residues 3662-4181), which covered a putative receptor tyrosine phosphatase (RTP)-like domain, a Laminin G-like domain, and five EGF-like domains. Fine mapping by ELISA and flow cytometry showed that the last four EGF-like domains (residues 4013-4181) contained a specific GPC3 binding site, whereas the RTP domain (residues 3662-3788) and the downstream Laminin G-2nd EGF-like region (residues 3829-4050) had non-specific GPC3 binding. In support of their interaction, GPC3 and FAT1 behaved concomitantly or at a similar pattern, e.g. having elevated expression in HCC cells, being up-regulated under hypoxia conditions, and being able to regulate the expression of EMT-related genes Snail, Vimentin, and E-Cadherin and promoting HCC cell migration. Taken together, our study provides the initial evidence for the novel mechanism of GPC3 and FAT1 in promoting HCC cell migration.

Recently, flexible wearable electrical sensors that can be comfortably attached to human body and soft robotics have attracted a widely attention. This work present a flexible fully printed temperature sensor based on the polyvinyl chloride/carbon black (PVC/CB) composite films fabricated on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate by screen-printing method. The PVC/CB temperature-sensitive functional printing paste was prepared. The flexible fully printed temperature sensor shows high temperature sensitivity, excellent linearity of the temperature dependent resistance (correlation coefficient R2 equal to 0.9996) and good thermal cycling repeatability. In addition, we showed that the flexible fully printed temperature sensor can detect the breathing state of volunteer applying for a respiratory monitoring device. The developed flexible printed temperature sensors will have a great potential applications in environmental monitoring, wearable electronic, flexible healthcare devices.

Lead zirconate titanate thin films were successfully prepared on 5-inch TiOx/Pt/ Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by RF-Magnetron Sputtering method using a 0.8Pb(Zr0.3 Ti0.7)O3 + 0.2PbO ceramic target. The experimental results show that the orientation of PZT thin films can be change from (111) to (100) by precisely controlling the substrate temperature. The (111)-oriented films with the thickness of 500 nm thick, have the remanent polarization of 20 μC/cm2, dielectric constant of 370, dielectric loss of 1.5%, and coercive field of 130 KV/cm. By using dynamic measurement, the pyroelectric coefficient of the order of 10−8C/cm2 K was determined. Thermal-electric conversion studies indicate significant potential for uncooled infrared focal plane detector arrays.