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3. Best Practice Data Standards for Discrete Chemical Oceanographic Observations

Author

Jiang, Li-Qing, Pierrot, Denis, Wanninkhof, Rik, Feely, Richard A, Tilbrook, Bronte, Alin, Simone, Barbero, Leticia, Byrne, Robert H, Carter, Brendan R, Dickson, Andrew G, Gattuso, Jean-Pierre, Greeley, Dana, Hoppema, Mario, Humphreys, Matthew P, Karstensen, Johannes, Lange, Nico, Lauvset, Siv K, Lewis, Ernie R, Olsen, Are, Pérez, Fiz F, Sabine, Christopher, Sharp, Jonathan D, Tanhua, Toste, Trull, Thomas W, Velo, Anton, Allegra, Andrew J, Barker, Paul, Burger, Eugene, Cai, Wei-Jun, Chen, Chen-Tung A, Cross, Jessica, Garcia, Hernan, Hernandez-Ayon, Jose Martin, Hu, Xinping, Kozyr, Alex, Langdon, Chris, Lee, Kitack, Salisbury, Joe, Wang, Zhaohui Aleck, and Xue, Liang

Subjects
Life Below Water, data standard for chemical oceanography, discrete chemical oceanographic observations, column header abbreviations, WOCE WHP exchange formats, quality control flags, content vs.& nbsp, concentration, CO2SYS, TEOS-10, Oceanography, Ecology
Abstract

Effective data management plays a key role in oceanographic research as cruise-based data, collected from different laboratories and expeditions, are commonly compiled to investigate regional to global oceanographic processes. Here we describe new and updated best practice data standards for discrete chemical oceanographic observations, specifically those dealing with column header abbreviations, quality control flags, missing value indicators, and standardized calculation of certain properties. These data standards have been developed with the goals of improving the current practices of the scientific community and promoting their international usage. These guidelines are intended to standardize data files for data sharing and submission into permanent archives. They will facilitate future quality control and synthesis efforts and lead to better data interpretation. In turn, this will promote research in ocean biogeochemistry, such as studies of carbon cycling and ocean acidification, on regional to global scales. These best practice standards are not mandatory. Agencies, institutes, universities, or research vessels can continue using different data standards if it is important for them to maintain historical consistency. However, it is hoped that they will be adopted as widely as possible to facilitate consistency and to achieve the goals stated above.

Published
2022

4. A Global Ocean Oxygen Database and Atlas for Assessing and Predicting Deoxygenation and Ocean Health in the Open and Coastal Ocean

Author

Grégoire, Marilaure, Garçon, Véronique, Garcia, Hernan, Breitburg, Denise, Isensee, Kirsten, Oschlies, Andreas, Telszewski, Maciej, Barth, Alexander, Bittig, Henry C, Carstensen, Jacob, Carval, Thierry, Chai, Fei, Chavez, Francisco, Conley, Daniel, Coppola, Laurent, Crowe, Sean, Currie, Kim, Dai, Minhan, Deflandre, Bruno, Dewitte, Boris, Diaz, Robert, Garcia-Robledo, Emilio, Gilbert, Denis, Giorgetti, Alessandra, Glud, Ronnie, Gutierrez, Dimitri, Hosoda, Shigeki, Ishii, Masao, Jacinto, Gil, Langdon, Chris, Lauvset, Siv K, Levin, Lisa A, Limburg, Karin E, Mehrtens, Hela, Montes, Ivonne, Naqvi, Wajih, Paulmier, Aurélien, Pfeil, Benjamin, Pitcher, Grant, Pouliquen, Sylvie, Rabalais, Nancy, Rabouille, Christophe, Recape, Virginie, Roman, Michaël, Rose, Kenneth, Rudnick, Daniel, Rummer, Jodie, Schmechtig, Catherine, Schmidtko, Sunke, Seibel, Brad, Slomp, Caroline, Sumalia, U Rashid, Tanhua, Toste, Thierry, Virginie, Uchida, Hiroshi, Wanninkhof, Rik, and Yasuhara, Moriaki

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Oceanography, Life Below Water, oxygen, atlas, database, observing, mapping, data-products, open and coastal ocean, deoxygenation, Ecology, Geology
Abstract

In this paper, we outline the need for a coordinated international effort toward the building of an open-access Global Ocean Oxygen Database and ATlas (GO2DAT) complying with the FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable). GO2DAT will combine data from the coastal and open ocean, as measured by the chemical Winkler titration method or by sensors (e.g., optodes, electrodes) from Eulerian and Lagrangian platforms (e.g., ships, moorings, profiling floats, gliders, ships of opportunities, marine mammals, cabled observatories). GO2DAT will further adopt a community-agreed, fully documented metadata format and a consistent quality control (QC) procedure and quality flagging (QF) system. GO2DAT will serve to support the development of advanced data analysis and biogeochemical models for improving our mapping, understanding and forecasting capabilities for ocean O2 changes and deoxygenation trends. It will offer the opportunity to develop quality-controlled data synthesis products with unprecedented spatial (vertical and horizontal) and temporal (sub-seasonal to multi-decadal) resolution. These products will support model assessment, improvement and evaluation as well as the development of climate and ocean health indicators. They will further support the decision-making processes associated with the emerging blue economy, the conservation of marine resources and their associated ecosystem services and the development of management tools required by a diverse community of users (e.g., environmental agencies, aquaculture, and fishing sectors). A better knowledge base of the spatial and temporal variations of marine O2 will improve our understanding of the ocean O2 budget, and allow better quantification of the Earth’s carbon and heat budgets. With the ever-increasing need to protect and sustainably manage ocean services, GO2DAT will allow scientists to fully harness the increasing volumes of O2 data already delivered by the expanding global ocean observing system and enable smooth incorporation of much higher quantities of data from autonomous platforms in the open ocean and coastal areas into comprehensive data products in the years to come. This paper aims at engaging the community (e.g., scientists, data managers, policy makers, service users) toward the development of GO2DAT within the framework of the UN Global Ocean Oxygen Decade (GOOD) program recently endorsed by IOC-UNESCO. A roadmap toward GO2DAT is proposed highlighting the efforts needed (e.g., in terms of human resources).

Published
2021

5. Controls on surface water carbonate chemistry along North American ocean margins.

Author

Cai, Wei-Jun, Xu, Yuan-Yuan, Feely, Richard, Wanninkhof, Rik, Jönsson, Bror, Alin, Simone, Barbero, Leticia, Cross, Jessica, Azetsu-Scott, Kumiko, Fassbender, Andrea, Carter, Brendan, Jiang, Li-Qing, Pepin, Pierre, Chen, Baoshan, Hussain, Najid, Reimer, Janet, Xue, Liang, Salisbury, Joseph, Hernández-Ayón, José, Langdon, Chris, Li, Qian, Sutton, Adrienne, Chen, Chen-Tung, and Gledhill, Dwight

Abstract

Syntheses of carbonate chemistry spatial patterns are important for predicting ocean acidification impacts, but are lacking in coastal oceans. Here, we show that along the North American Atlantic and Gulf coasts the meridional distributions of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and carbonate mineral saturation state (Ω) are controlled by partial equilibrium with the atmosphere resulting in relatively low DIC and high Ω in warm southern waters and the opposite in cold northern waters. However, pH and the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) do not exhibit a simple spatial pattern and are controlled by local physical and net biological processes which impede equilibrium with the atmosphere. Along the Pacific coast, upwelling brings subsurface waters with low Ω and pH to the surface where net biological production works to raise their values. Different temperature sensitivities of carbonate properties and different timescales of influencing processes lead to contrasting property distributions within and among margins.

Published
2020

7. Climatological distribution of ocean acidification variables along the North American ocean margins.

Author

Jiang, Li-Qing, Boyer, Tim P., Paver, Christopher R., Yoo, Hyelim, Reagan, James R., Alin, Simone R., Barbero, Leticia, Carter, Brendan R., Feely, Richard A., and Wanninkhof, Rik

Subjects
OCEAN acidification, FISHERIES, HYDROGEN ions, CARBON dioxide, AQUACULTURE industry, CALCITE
Abstract

Climatologies, which depict mean fields of oceanographic variables on a regular geographic grid, and atlases, which provide graphical depictions of specific areas, play pivotal roles in comprehending the societal vulnerabilities linked to ocean acidification (OA). This significance is particularly pronounced in coastal regions where most economic activities, such as commercial and recreational fisheries and aquaculture industries, occur. In this paper, we unveil a comprehensive data product featuring coastal ocean acidification climatologies and atlases, encompassing the fugacity of carbon dioxide, pH on the total scale, total hydrogen ion content, free hydrogen ion content, carbonate ion content, aragonite saturation state, calcite saturation state, Revelle factor, total dissolved inorganic carbon content, and total alkalinity content. These variables are provided on 1° × 1° spatial grids at 14 standardized depth levels, ranging from the surface to a depth of 500 m, along the North American ocean margins, defined as the region between the coastline and a distance of 200 nautical miles (∼370 km) offshore. The climatologies and atlases were developed using the World Ocean Atlas (WOA) gridding methods of the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) based on the recently released Coastal Ocean Data Analysis Product in North America (CODAP-NA), along with the 2021 update to the Global Ocean Data Analysis Project version 2 (GLODAPv2.2021) data product. The relevant variables were adjusted to the index year of 2010. The data product is available in NetCDF (https://doi.org/10.25921/g8pb-zy76 , Jiang et al., 2022b) on the NOAA Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0270962.html (last access: 15 July 2024). It is recommended to use the objectively analyzed mean fields (with "_an" suffix) for each variable. The atlases can be accessed at https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/synthesis/nacoastal.html (last access: 15 July 2024). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. Metrics for the Evaluation of the Southern Ocean in Coupled Climate Models and Earth System Models

Author

Russell, Joellen L, Kamenkovich, Igor, Bitz, Cecilia, Ferrari, Raffaele, Gille, Sarah T, Goodman, Paul J, Hallberg, Robert, Johnson, Kenneth, Khazmutdinova, Karina, Marinov, Irina, Mazloff, Matthew, Riser, Stephen, Sarmiento, Jorge L, Speer, Kevin, Talley, Lynne D, and Wanninkhof, Rik

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Oceanography, Atmospheric Sciences, Geophysics, Climate Action, Life Below Water, Southern Ocean, heat uptake, carbon uptake, observationally based metrics, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Physical geography and environmental geoscience
Abstract

Abstract: The Southern Ocean is central to the global climate and the global carbon cycle, and to the climate's response to increasing levels of atmospheric greenhouse gases, as it ventilates a large fraction of the global ocean volume. Global coupled climate models and earth system models, however, vary widely in their simulations of the Southern Ocean and its role in, and response to, the ongoing anthropogenic trend. Due to the region's complex water‐mass structure and dynamics, Southern Ocean carbon and heat uptake depend on a combination of winds, eddies, mixing, buoyancy fluxes, and topography. Observationally based metrics are critical for discerning processes and mechanisms, and for validating and comparing climate and earth system models. New observations and understanding have allowed for progress in the creation of observationally based data/model metrics for the Southern Ocean. Metrics presented here provide a means to assess multiple simulations relative to the best available observations and observational products. Climate models that perform better according to these metrics also better simulate the uptake of heat and carbon by the Southern Ocean. This report is not strictly an intercomparison, but rather a distillation of key metrics that can reliably quantify the “accuracy” of a simulation against observed, or at least observable, quantities. One overall goal is to recommend standardization of observationally based benchmarks that the modeling community should aspire to meet in order to reduce uncertainties in climate projections, and especially uncertainties related to oceanic heat and carbon uptake.

Published
2018

9. An assessment of CO2 storage and sea-air fluxes for the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea between 1985 and 2018

Author

Pérez, Fiz F., primary, Perez, Fiz F, additional, Becker, M, additional, Goris, N, additional, Gehlen, M, additional, Lopez-Mozos, M, additional, Tjiputra, J, additional, Olsen, A, additional, Müller, J D, additional, Huertas, I E, additional, Chau, T T T, additional, Cainzos, V, additional, Velo, A, additional, Benard, G, additional, Hauck, J, additional, Gruber, N, additional, and Wanninkhof, Rik, additional

Published
2024
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15. Updated climatological mean ΔfCO2 and net sea–air CO2 flux over the global open ocean regions.

Author

Fay, Amanda R., Munro, David R., McKinley, Galen A., Pierrot, Denis, Sutherland, Stewart C., Sweeney, Colm, and Wanninkhof, Rik

Subjects
PARTIAL pressure, WATER pressure, CARBON dioxide, REGIONAL differences, ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide, OCEAN temperature, OBSERVATORIES, OCEAN
Abstract

The late Taro Takahashi (Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University) and colleagues provided the first near-global monthly air–sea CO 2 flux climatology in Takahashi et al. (1997), based on available surface water partial pressure of CO 2 measurements. This product has been a benchmark for uptake of CO 2 in the ocean. Several versions have been provided since, with improvements in procedures and large increases in observations, culminating in the authoritative assessment in Takahashi et al. (2009a, b). Here we provide and document the last iteration using a greatly increased dataset (SOCATv2022) and determining fluxes using air–sea partial pressure differences as a climatological reference for the period 1980–2021 (Fay et al., 2023, 10.25921/295g-sn13). The resulting net flux for the open ocean region is estimated as -1.79±0.7 Pg C yr -1 , which compares well with other global mean flux estimates. While global flux results are consistent, differences in regional means and seasonal amplitudes are discussed. Consistent with other studies, we find the largest differences in the data-sparse southeast Pacific and Southern Ocean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. An Assessment of CO2 Storage and Sea-Air Fluxes for the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea Between 1985 and 2018.

Author

Pérez, Fiz F., Becker, M., Goris, N., Gehlen, M., López-Mozos, M., Tjiputra, J., Olsen, A., Müller, J. D., Huertas, I. E., Chau, T. T. T., Cainzos, V., Velo, A., Benard, G., Hauck, J., Gruber, N., and Wanninkhof, Rik

Subjects
CARBON cycle, OCEAN, PARTIAL pressure, CARBON dioxide, OUTGASSING
Abstract

As part of the second phase of the Regional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes project (RECCAP2), we present an assessment of the carbon cycle of the Atlantic Ocean, including the Mediterranean Sea, between 1985 and 2018 using global ocean biogeochemical models (GOBMs) and estimates based on surface ocean carbon dioxide (CO2) partial pressure (pCO2 products) and ocean interior dissolved inorganic carbon observations. Estimates of the basin-wide long-term mean net annual CO2 uptake based on GOBMs and pCO2 products are in reasonable agreement (-0.47 ± 0.15 PgC yr-1 and -0.36 ± 0.06 PgC yr-1, respectively), with the higher uptake in the GOBM-based estimates likely being a consequence of a deficit in the representation of natural outgassing of land derived carbon. In the GOBMs, the CO2 uptake increases with time at rates close to what one would expect from the atmospheric CO2 increase, but pCO2 products estimate a rate twice as fast. The largest disagreement in the CO2 flux between GOBMs and pCO2 products is found north of 50°N, coinciding with the largest disagreement in the seasonal cycle and interannual variability. The mean accumulation rate of anthropogenic CO2 (Cant) over 1994-2007 in the Atlantic Ocean is 0.52 ± 0.11 PgC yr-1 according to the GOBMs, 28% ± 20% lower than that derived from observations. Around 70% of this Cant is taken up from the atmosphere, while the remainder is imported from the Southern Ocean through lateral transport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. An assessment of CO2 storage and sea-air fluxes for the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea between 1985 and 2018

Author

Pérez, Fiz F., primary, Perez, Fiz F, additional, Becker, M, additional, Goris, N, additional, Gehlen, M, additional, Lopez-Mozos, M, additional, Tjiputra, J, additional, Olsen, A, additional, Müller, J D, additional, Huertas, I E, additional, Chau, T T T, additional, Cainzos, V, additional, Velo, A, additional, Benard, G, additional, Hauck, J, additional, Gruber, N, additional, and Wanninkhof, Rik, additional

Published
2023
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19. Mediterranean Sea between

Author

Pérez, Fiz F., primary, Perez, Fiz F, additional, Becker, M, additional, Goris, N, additional, Gehlen, M, additional, Lopez-Mozos, M, additional, Tjiputra, J, additional, Olsen, A, additional, Müller, J D, additional, Huertas, I E, additional, Chau, T T T, additional, Cainzos, V, additional, Velo, A, additional, Benard, G, additional, Hauck, J, additional, Gruber, N, additional, and Wanninkhof, Rik, additional

Published
2023
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20. Global Carbon Budget 2023

Author

Friedlingstein, Pierre, primary, O'Sullivan, Michael, additional, Jones, Matthew W., additional, Andrew, Robbie M., additional, Bakker, Dorothee C. E., additional, Hauck, Judith, additional, Landschützer, Peter, additional, Le Quéré, Corinne, additional, Luijkx, Ingrid T., additional, Peters, Glen P., additional, Peters, Wouter, additional, Pongratz, Julia, additional, Schwingshackl, Clemens, additional, Sitch, Stephen, additional, Canadell, Josep G., additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Jackson, Robert B., additional, Alin, Simone R., additional, Anthoni, Peter, additional, Barbero, Leticia, additional, Bates, Nicholas R., additional, Becker, Meike, additional, Bellouin, Nicolas, additional, Decharme, Bertrand, additional, Bopp, Laurent, additional, Brasika, Ida Bagus Mandhara, additional, Cadule, Patricia, additional, Chamberlain, Matthew A., additional, Chandra, Naveen, additional, Chau, Thi-Tuyet-Trang, additional, Chevallier, Frédéric, additional, Chini, Louise P., additional, Cronin, Margot, additional, Dou, Xinyu, additional, Enyo, Kazutaka, additional, Evans, Wiley, additional, Falk, Stefanie, additional, Feely, Richard A., additional, Feng, Liang, additional, Ford, Daniel J., additional, Gasser, Thomas, additional, Ghattas, Josefine, additional, Gkritzalis, Thanos, additional, Grassi, Giacomo, additional, Gregor, Luke, additional, Gruber, Nicolas, additional, Gürses, Özgür, additional, Harris, Ian, additional, Hefner, Matthew, additional, Heinke, Jens, additional, Houghton, Richard A., additional, Hurtt, George C., additional, Iida, Yosuke, additional, Ilyina, Tatiana, additional, Jacobson, Andrew R., additional, Jain, Atul, additional, Jarníková, Tereza, additional, Jersild, Annika, additional, Jiang, Fei, additional, Jin, Zhe, additional, Joos, Fortunat, additional, Kato, Etsushi, additional, Keeling, Ralph F., additional, Kennedy, Daniel, additional, Klein Goldewijk, Kees, additional, Knauer, Jürgen, additional, Korsbakken, Jan Ivar, additional, Körtzinger, Arne, additional, Lan, Xin, additional, Lefèvre, Nathalie, additional, Li, Hongmei, additional, Liu, Junjie, additional, Liu, Zhiqiang, additional, Ma, Lei, additional, Marland, Greg, additional, Mayot, Nicolas, additional, McGuire, Patrick C., additional, McKinley, Galen A., additional, Meyer, Gesa, additional, Morgan, Eric J., additional, Munro, David R., additional, Nakaoka, Shin-Ichiro, additional, Niwa, Yosuke, additional, O'Brien, Kevin M., additional, Olsen, Are, additional, Omar, Abdirahman M., additional, Ono, Tsuneo, additional, Paulsen, Melf, additional, Pierrot, Denis, additional, Pocock, Katie, additional, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Powis, Carter M., additional, Rehder, Gregor, additional, Resplandy, Laure, additional, Robertson, Eddy, additional, Rödenbeck, Christian, additional, Rosan, Thais M., additional, Schwinger, Jörg, additional, Séférian, Roland, additional, Smallman, T. Luke, additional, Smith, Stephen M., additional, Sospedra-Alfonso, Reinel, additional, Sun, Qing, additional, Sutton, Adrienne J., additional, Sweeney, Colm, additional, Takao, Shintaro, additional, Tans, Pieter P., additional, Tian, Hanqin, additional, Tilbrook, Bronte, additional, Tsujino, Hiroyuki, additional, Tubiello, Francesco, additional, van der Werf, Guido R., additional, van Ooijen, Erik, additional, Wanninkhof, Rik, additional, Watanabe, Michio, additional, Wimart-Rousseau, Cathy, additional, Yang, Dongxu, additional, Yang, Xiaojuan, additional, Yuan, Wenping, additional, Yue, Xu, additional, Zaehle, Sönke, additional, Zeng, Jiye, additional, and Zheng, Bo, additional

Published
2023
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24. Supplementary material to "Global Carbon Budget 2023"

Author

Friedlingstein, Pierre, primary, O'Sullivan, Michael, additional, Jones, Matthew W., additional, Andrew, Robbie M., additional, Bakker, Dorothee C. E., additional, Hauck, Judith, additional, Landschützer, Peter, additional, Le Quéré, Corinne, additional, Luijkx, Ingrid T., additional, Peters, Glen P., additional, Peters, Wouter, additional, Pongratz, Julia, additional, Schwingshackl, Clemens, additional, Sitch, Stephen, additional, Canadell, Josep G., additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Jackson, Robert B., additional, Alin, Simone R., additional, Anthoni, Peter, additional, Barbero, Leticia, additional, Bates, Nicholas R., additional, Becker, Meike, additional, Bellouin, Nicolas, additional, Decharme, Bertrand, additional, Bopp, Laurent, additional, Brasika, Ida Bagus Mandhara, additional, Cadule, Patricia, additional, Chamberlain, Matthew A., additional, Chandra, Naveen, additional, Chau, Thi-Tuyet-Trang, additional, Chevallier, Frédéric, additional, Chini, Louise P., additional, Cronin, Margot, additional, Dou, Xinyu, additional, Enyo, Kazutaka, additional, Evans, Wiley, additional, Falk, Stefanie, additional, Feely, Richard A., additional, Feng, Liang, additional, Ford, Daniel. J., additional, Gasser, Thomas, additional, Ghattas, Josefine, additional, Gkritzalis, Thanos, additional, Grassi, Giacomo, additional, Gregor, Luke, additional, Gruber, Nicolas, additional, Gürses, Özgür, additional, Harris, Ian, additional, Hefner, Matthew, additional, Heinke, Jens, additional, Houghton, Richard A., additional, Hurtt, George C., additional, Iida, Yosuke, additional, Ilyina, Tatiana, additional, Jacobson, Andrew R., additional, Jain, Atul, additional, Jarníková, Tereza, additional, Jersild, Annika, additional, Jiang, Fei, additional, Jin, Zhe, additional, Joos, Fortunat, additional, Kato, Etsushi, additional, Keeling, Ralph F., additional, Kennedy, Daniel, additional, Klein Goldewijk, Kees, additional, Knauer, Jürgen, additional, Korsbakken, Jan Ivar, additional, Körtzinger, Arne, additional, Lan, Xin, additional, Lefèvre, Nathalie, additional, Li, Hongmei, additional, Liu, Junjie, additional, Liu, Zhiqiang, additional, Ma, Lei, additional, Marland, Greg, additional, Mayot, Nicolas, additional, McGuire, Patrick C., additional, McKinley, Galen A., additional, Meyer, Gesa, additional, Morgan, Eric J., additional, Munro, David R., additional, Nakaoka, Shin-Ichiro, additional, Niwa, Yosuke, additional, O'Brien, Kevin M., additional, Olsen, Are, additional, Omar, Abdirahman M., additional, Ono, Tsuneo, additional, Paulsen, Melf E., additional, Pierrot, Denis, additional, Pocock, Katie, additional, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Powis, Carter M., additional, Rehder, Gregor, additional, Resplandy, Laure, additional, Robertson, Eddy, additional, Rödenbeck, Christian, additional, Rosan, Thais M., additional, Schwinger, Jörg, additional, Séférian, Roland, additional, Smallman, T. Luke, additional, Smith, Stephen M., additional, Sospedra-Alfonso, Reinel, additional, Sun, Qing, additional, Sutton, Adrienne J., additional, Sweeney, Colm, additional, Takao, Shintaro, additional, Tans, Pieter P., additional, Tian, Hanqin, additional, Tilbrook, Bronte, additional, Tsujino, Hiroyuki, additional, Tubiello, Francesco, additional, van der Werf, Guido R., additional, van Ooijen, Erik, additional, Wanninkhof, Rik, additional, Watanabe, Michio, additional, Wimart-Rousseau, Cathy, additional, Yang, Dongxu, additional, Yang, Xiaojuan, additional, Yuan, Wenping, additional, Yue, Xu, additional, Zaehle, Sönke, additional, Zeng, Jiye, additional, and Zheng, Bo, additional

Published
2023
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25. Magnitude, Trends, and Variability of the Global Ocean Carbon Sink From 1985 to 2018

Author

DeVries, Tim, primary, Yamamoto, Kana, additional, Wanninkhof, Rik, additional, Gruber, Nicolas, additional, Hauck, Judith, additional, Müller, Jens Daniel, additional, Bopp, Laurent, additional, Carroll, Dustin, additional, Carter, Brendan, additional, Chau, Thi‐Tuyet‐Trang, additional, Doney, Scott C., additional, Gehlen, Marion, additional, Gloege, Lucas, additional, Gregor, Luke, additional, Henson, Stephanie, additional, Kim, Ji Hyun, additional, Iida, Yosuke, additional, Ilyina, Tatiana, additional, Landschützer, Peter, additional, Le Quéré, Corinne, additional, Munro, David, additional, Nissen, Cara, additional, Patara, Lavinia, additional, Pérez, Fiz F., additional, Resplandy, Laure, additional, Rodgers, Keith B., additional, Schwinger, Jörg, additional, Séférian, Roland, additional, Sicardi, Valentina, additional, Terhaar, Jens, additional, Triñanes, Joaquin, additional, Tsujino, Hiroyuki, additional, Watson, Andrew, additional, Yasunaka, Sayaka, additional, and Zeng, Jiye, additional

Published
2023
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26. A vision for FAIR ocean data products

Author

Tanhua, Toste, Lauvset, Siv K., Lange, Nico, Olsen, Are, Álvarez, Marta, Diggs, Stephen, Bittig, Henry C., Brown, Peter J., Carter, Brendan R., da Cunha, Leticia Cotrim, Feely, Richard A., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, Masao, Jeansson, Emil, Kozyr, Alex, Murata, Akihiko, Pérez, Fiz F., Pfeil, Benjamin, Schirnick, Carsten, Steinfeldt, Reiner, Telszewski, Maciej, Tilbrook, Bronte, Velo, Anton, Wanninkhof, Rik, Burger, Eugene, O’Brien, Kevin, and Key, Robert M.

Published
2021
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28. Climatological distribution of ocean acidification indicators along the North American ocean margins.

Author

Jiang, Li-Qing, Boyer, Tim P., Paver, Christopher R., Yoo, Hyelim, Reagan, James R., Alin, Simone R., Barbero, Leticia, Carter, Brendan R., Feely, Richard A., and Wanninkhof, Rik

Subjects
OCEAN acidification, CALCITE, FISHERIES, OCEAN, HYDROGEN ions, CARBON dioxide
Abstract

Climatologies, which depict mean fields of oceanographic variables on a regular geographic grid, and atlases, which provide graphical depictions of specific areas, play pivotal roles in comprehending the societal vulnerabilities linked to ocean acidification (OA). This significance is particularly pronounced in coastal regions where most economic activities related to commercial and recreational fisheries as well as aquaculture industries occur. In this paper, we unveil a comprehensive data product featuring coastal climatologies and atlases for ten OA indicators, including fugacity of carbon dioxide, pH on the total scale, total hydrogen ion content, free hydrogen ion content, carbonate ion content, aragonite saturation state, calcite saturation state, Revelle Factor, total dissolved inorganic carbon content, and total alkalinity content. These indicators are provided on 1°×1° degree spatial grids at 14 standardized depth levels, ranging from the surface to a depth of 500 meters, along the North American ocean margins – defined as the region between the coastline and a distance of 200 nautical miles (∼370 km) offshore. The climatologies and atlases were developed using the World Ocean Atlas (WOA) gridding methods of the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), based on the recently released Coastal Ocean Data Analysis Product in North America (CODAP-NA), along with the 2021 update to the Global Ocean Data Analysis Project version 2 (GLODAPv2.2021) data product. The relevant variables were adjusted to the index year of 2010. The data product is available in NetCDF (DOI: 10.25921/g8pb-zy76) at the NOAA Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0270962.html. It is recommended to use the objectively analyzed mean fields (with '_an' suffix) for each variable. The atlases can be accessed at: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/synthesis/nacoastal.html. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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30. Introduction

Author

Boyer, Tim, primary, Bartow-Gillies, Ellen, additional, Abida, A., additional, Ades, Melanie, additional, Adler, Robert, additional, Adusumilli, Susheel, additional, Agyakwah, W., additional, Ahmasuk, Brandon, additional, Aldeco, Laura S., additional, Alexe, Mihai, additional, Alfaro, Eric J., additional, Allan, Richard P., additional, Allgood, Adam, additional, Alves, Lincoln. M., additional, Amador, Jorge A., additional, Anderson, John, additional, Andrade, B., additional, Anneville, Orlane, additional, Aono, Yasuyuki, additional, Arguez, Anthony, additional, Arosio, Carlo, additional, Atkinson, C., additional, Augustine, John A., additional, Avalos, Grinia, additional, Azorin-Molina, Cesar, additional, Backensto, Stacia A., additional, Bader, Stephan, additional, Baez, Julian, additional, Baiman, Rebecca, additional, Ballinger, Thomas J., additional, Banwell, Alison F., additional, Bardin, M. Yu, additional, Barichivich, Jonathan, additional, Barnes, John E., additional, Barreira, Sandra, additional, Beadling, Rebecca L., additional, Beck, Hylke E., additional, Becker, Emily J., additional, Bekele, E., additional, Bellido, Guillem Martín, additional, Bellouin, Nicolas, additional, Benedetti, Angela, additional, Benestad, Rasmus, additional, Berne, Christine, additional, Berner, Logan. T., additional, Bernhard, Germar H., additional, Bhatt, Uma S., additional, Bhuiyan, A. E., additional, Bigalke, Siiri, additional, Biló, Tiago, additional, Bissolli, Peter, additional, Bjerke Jarle, W., additional, Blagrave, Kevin, additional, Blake, Eric S., additional, Blenkinsop, Stephen, additional, Blunden, Jessica, additional, Bochníček, Oliver, additional, Bock, Olivier, additional, Bodenstein, Barbara, additional, Bodin, Xavier, additional, Bosilovich, Michael, additional, Boucher, Olivier, additional, Bozkurt, Deniz, additional, Brettschneider, Brian, additional, Bringas, Francis G., additional, Bringas, Francis, additional, Buechler, Dennis, additional, Buehler, Stefan A., additional, Bukunt, Brandon, additional, Calderón, Blanca, additional, Camargo, Suzana J., additional, Campbell, Jayaka, additional, Campos, Diego, additional, Carrea, Laura, additional, Carter, Brendan R., additional, Cetinić, Ivona, additional, Chambers, Don P., additional, Chan, Duo, additional, Chandler, Elise, additional, Chang, Kai-Lan, additional, Chen, Hua, additional, Chen, Lin, additional, Cheng, Lijing, additional, Cheng, Vincent Y. S., additional, Chomiak, Leah, additional, Christiansen, Hanne H., additional, Christy, John R., additional, Chung, Eui-Seok, additional, Ciasto, Laura M., additional, Clarke, Leonardo, additional, Clem, Kyle R., additional, Clingan, Scott, additional, Coelho, Caio A.S., additional, Cohen, Judah L., additional, Coldewey-Egbers, Melanie, additional, Colwell, Steve, additional, Cooper, Owen R., additional, Cornes, Richard C., additional, Correa, Kris, additional, Costa, Felipe, additional, Covey, Curt, additional, Coy, Lawrence, additional, Créatux, Jean-François, additional, Crhova, Lenka, additional, Crimmins, Theresa, additional, Cronin, Meghan F., additional, Cropper, Thomas, additional, Crotwell, Molly, additional, Culpepper, Joshua, additional, Cunha, Ana P., additional, Cusicanqui, Diego, additional, Datta, Rajashree T., additional, Davis, Sean M., additional, De Bock, Veerle, additional, de Jeu, Richard A. M., additional, De Laat, Jos, additional, Decharme, Bertrand, additional, Degenstein, Doug, additional, Delaloye, Reynald, additional, Demircan, Mesut, additional, Derksen, Chris, additional, Deus, Ricardo, additional, Dhurmea, K. R., additional, Diamond, Howard J., additional, Dirkse, S., additional, Divine, Dmitry, additional, Dokulil, Martin T., additional, Donat, Markus G., additional, Dong, Shenfu, additional, Dorigo, Wouter A., additional, Drost Jensen, Caroline, additional, Druckenmiller, Matthew L., additional, Drumond, Paula, additional, du Plessis, Marcel, additional, Dugan, Hilary A., additional, Dulamsuren, Dashkhuu, additional, Dunmire, Devon, additional, Dunn, Robert J. H., additional, Durre, Imke, additional, Dusek, Robert, additional, Dutton, Geoff, additional, Duveiller, Gregory, additional, Ekici, Mithat, additional, Elias Chereque, Alesksandra, additional, ElKharrim, M., additional, Epstein, Howard E., additional, Espinoza, Jhan-Carlo, additional, Estilow, Thomas W., additional, Estrella, Nicole, additional, Fauchereau, Nicolas, additional, Fausto, Robert S., additional, Feely, Richard A., additional, Fenimore, Chris, additional, Fereday, David, additional, Fettweis, Xavier, additional, Fioletov, vitali E., additional, Flemming, Johannes, additional, Fogarty, Chris, additional, Fogt, Ryan L., additional, Forbes, Bruce C., additional, Foster, Michael J., additional, Franz, Bryan A., additional, Freeman, Natalie M., additional, Fricker, Helen A., additional, Frith, Stacey M., additional, Froidevaux, Lucien, additional, Frost, Gerald V. (JJ), additional, Fuhrman, Steven, additional, Füllekrug, Martin, additional, Ganter, Catherine, additional, Gao, Meng, additional, Gardner, Alex S., additional, Garforth, Judith, additional, Garg, Jay, additional, Gerland, Sebastian, additional, Gibbes, Badin, additional, Gille, Sarah T., additional, Gilson, John, additional, Gleason, Karin, additional, Gobron, Nadine, additional, Goetz, Scott J., additional, Goldenberg, Stanley B., additional, Goni, Gustavo, additional, Goodman, Steven, additional, Goto, Atsushi, additional, Grooß, Jens-Uwe, additional, Gruber, Alexander, additional, Gu, Guojun, additional, Guard, Charles “Chip” P., additional, Hagos, S., additional, Hahn, Sebastian, additional, Haimberger, Leopold, additional, Hall, Bradley D., additional, Hamlington, Benjamin D., additional, Hanna, Edward, additional, Hanssen-Bauer, Inger, additional, Harnos, Daniel S., additional, Harris, Ian, additional, He, Qiong, additional, Heim, Richard R., additional, Hellström, Sverker, additional, Hemming, Deborah L., additional, Hendricks, Stefan, additional, Hicks, J., additional, Hidalgo, Hugo G., additional, Hirschi, Martin, additional, Ho, Shu-peng (Ben), additional, Hobbs, W., additional, Holmes, Robert M., additional, Holzworth, Robert, additional, Hrbáček, Filip, additional, Hu, Guojie, additional, Hu, Zeng-Zhen, additional, Huang, Boyin, additional, Huang, Hongjie, additional, Hurst, Dale F., additional, Ialongo, Iolanda, additional, Inness, Antje, additional, Isaksen, Ketil, additional, Ishii, Masayoshi, additional, Jadra, Gerardo, additional, Jevrejeva, Svetlana, additional, John, Viju O., additional, Johns, W., additional, Johnsen, Bjørn, additional, Johnson, Bryan, additional, Johnson, Gregory C., additional, Jones, Philip D., additional, Jones, Timothy, additional, Josey, Simon A., additional, Jumaux, G., additional, Junod, Robert, additional, Kääb, Andreas, additional, Kabidi, K., additional, Kaiser, Johannes W., additional, Kaler, Robb S.A., additional, Kaleschke, Lars, additional, Kaufmann, Viktor, additional, Kazemi, Amin Fazl, additional, Keller, Linda M., additional, Kellerer-Pirklbauer, Andreas, additional, Kendon, Mike, additional, Kennedy, John, additional, Kent, Elizabeth C., additional, Kerr, Kenneth, additional, Khan, Valentina, additional, Khiem, Mai Van, additional, Kidd, Richard, additional, Kim, Mi Ju, additional, Kim, Seong-Joong, additional, Kipling, Zak, additional, Klotzbach, Philip J., additional, Knaff, John A., additional, Koppa, Akash, additional, Korshunova, Natalia N., additional, Kraemer, Benjamin M., additional, Kramarova, Natalya A., additional, Kruger, A. C., additional, Kruger, Andries, additional, Kumar, Arun, additional, L’Heureux, Michelle, additional, La Fuente, Sofia, additional, Laas, Alo, additional, Labe, Zachary M., additional, Lader, Rick, additional, Lakatos, Mónika, additional, Lakkala, Kaisa, additional, Lam, Hoang Phuc, additional, Lan, Xin, additional, Landschützer, Peter, additional, Landsea, Chris W., additional, Lang, Timothy, additional, Lankhorst, Matthias, additional, Lantz, Kathleen O., additional, Lara, Mark J., additional, Lavado-Casimiro, Waldo, additional, Lavers, David A., additional, Lazzara, Matthew A., additional, Leblanc, Thierry, additional, Lee, Tsz-Cheung, additional, Leibensperger, Eric M., additional, Lennard, Chris, additional, Leuliette, Eric, additional, Leung, Kinson H. Y., additional, Lieser, Jan L., additional, Likso, Tanja, additional, Lin, I-I., additional, Lindsey, Jackie, additional, Liu, Yakun, additional, Locarnini, Ricardo, additional, Loeb, Norman G., additional, Loomis, Bryant D., additional, Lorrey, Andrew M., additional, Loyola, Diego, additional, Lu, Rui, additional, Lumpkin, Rick, additional, Luo, Jing-Jia, additional, Luojus, Kari, additional, Lyman, John M., additional, Maberly, Stephen C., additional, Macander, Matthew J., additional, MacFerrin, Michael, additional, MacGilchrist, Graeme A., additional, MacLennan, Michelle L., additional, Madelon, Remi, additional, Magee, Andrew D., additional, Magnin, Florence, additional, Mamen, Jostein, additional, Mankoff, Ken D., additional, Manney, Gloria L., additional, Marcinonienė, Izolda, additional, Marengo, Jose A., additional, Marjan, Mohammadi, additional, Martínez, Ana E., additional, Massom, Robert A., additional, Matsuzaki, Shin-Ichiro, additional, May, Linda, additional, Mayer, Michael, additional, Mazloff, Matthew R., additional, McAfee, Stephanie A., additional, McBride, C., additional, McCabe, Matthew F., additional, McClelland, James W., additional, McPhaden, Michael J., additional, Mcvicar, Tim R., additional, Mears, Carl A., additional, Meier, Walter N., additional, Mekonnen, A., additional, Menzel, Annette, additional, Merchant, Christopher J., additional, Merrifield, Mark A., additional, Meyer, Michael F., additional, Meyers, Tristan, additional, Mikolajczyk, David E., additional, Miller, John B., additional, Miralles, Diego G., additional, Misevicius, Noelia, additional, Mishonov, Alexey, additional, Mitchum, Gary T., additional, Moat, Ben I., additional, Moesinger, Leander, additional, Moise, Aurel, additional, Molina-Carpio, Jorge, additional, Monet, Ghislaine, additional, Montzka, Stephan A., additional, Moon, Twila A., additional, Moore, G. W. K., additional, Mora, Natali, additional, Morán, Johnny, additional, Morehen, Claire, additional, Morice, Colin, additional, Mostafa, A. E., additional, Mote, Thomas L., additional, Mrekaj, Ivan, additional, Mudryk, Lawrence, additional, Mühle, Jens, additional, Müller, Rolf, additional, Nance, David, additional, Nash, Eric R., additional, Nerem, R. Steven, additional, Newman, Paul A., additional, Nicolas, Julien P., additional, Nieto, Juan J., additional, Noetzli, Jeannette, additional, Noll, Ben, additional, Norton, Taylor, additional, Nyland, Kelsey E., additional, O’Keefe, John, additional, Ochwat, Naomi, additional, Oikawa, Yoshinori, additional, Okunaka, Yuka, additional, Osborn, Timothy J., additional, Overland, James E., additional, Park, Taejin, additional, Parrington, Mark, additional, Parrish, Julia K., additional, Pasch, Richard J., additional, Pascual Ramírez, Reynaldo, additional, Pellet, Cécile, additional, Pelto, Mauri S., additional, Perčec Tadić, Melita, additional, Perovich, Donald K., additional, Petersen, Guðrún Nína, additional, Petersen, Kyle, additional, Petropavlovskikh, Irina, additional, Petty, Alek, additional, Pezza, Alexandre B., additional, Pezzi, Luciano P., additional, Phillips, Coda, additional, Phoenix, Gareth K., additional, Pierson, Don, additional, Pinto, Izidine, additional, Pires, Vanda, additional, Pitts, Michael, additional, Po-Chedley, Stephen, additional, Pogliotti, Paolo, additional, Poinar, Kristin, additional, Polvani, Lorenzo, additional, Preimesberger, Wolfgang, additional, Price, Colin, additional, Pulkkanen, Merja, additional, Purkey, Sarah G., additional, Qiu, Bo, additional, Quisbert, Kenny, additional, Quispe, Willy R., additional, Rajeevan, M., additional, Ramos, Andrea M., additional, Randel, William J., additional, Rantanen, Mika, additional, Raphael, Marilyn N., additional, Reagan, James, additional, Recalde, Cristina, additional, Reid, Phillip, additional, Rémy, Samuel, additional, Reyes Kohler, Alejandra J., additional, Ricciardulli, Lucrezia, additional, Richardson, Andrew D., additional, Ricker, Robert, additional, Robinson, David A., additional, Robjhon, M., additional, Rocha, Willy, additional, Rodell, Matthew, additional, Rodriguez Guisado, Esteban, additional, Rodriguez-Fernandez, Nemesio, additional, Romanovsky, Vladimir E., additional, Ronchail, Josyane, additional, Rosencrans, Matthew, additional, Rosenlof, Karen H., additional, Rösner, Benjamin, additional, Rösner, Henrieke, additional, Rozanov, Alexei, additional, Rozkošný, Jozef, additional, Rubek, Frans, additional, Rusanovskaya, Olga O., additional, Rutishauser, This, additional, Sabeerali, C. T., additional, Salinas, Roberto, additional, Sánchez-Lugo, Ahira, additional, Santee, Michelle L., additional, Santini, Marcelo, additional, Sato, Katsunari, additional, Sawaengphokhai, Parnchai, additional, Sayouri, A., additional, Scambos, Theodore, additional, Schenzinger, Verena, additional, Schimanke, Semjon, additional, Schlegel, Robert W., additional, Schmid, Claudia, additional, Schmid, Martin, additional, Schneider, Udo, additional, Schreck, Carl J., additional, Schultz, Cristina, additional, _, _, additional, Segele, Z. T., additional, Sensoy, Serhat, additional, Serbin, Shawn P., additional, Serreze, Mark C., additional, Setiawan, Amsari Mudzakir, additional, Sezaki, Fumi, additional, Sharma, Sapna, additional, Sharp, Jonathan D., additional, Sheffield, Gay, additional, Shi, Jia-Rui, additional, Shi, Lei, additional, Shiklomanov, Alexander I., additional, Shiklomanov, Nikolay I., additional, Shimaraeva, Svetlana V., additional, Shukla, R., additional, Siegel, David A., additional, Silow, Eugene A., additional, Sima, F., additional, Simmons, Adrian J., additional, Smeed, David A., additional, Smith, Adam, additional, Smith, Matthew M., additional, Smith, Sharon L., additional, Soden, Brian J., additional, Sofieva, Viktoria, additional, Souza, Everaldo, additional, Sparks, Tim H., additional, Spence-Hemmings, Jacqueline, additional, Spencer, Robert G. M., additional, Spillane, Sandra, additional, Sreejith, O. P., additional, Srivastava, A. K., additional, Stackhouse, Paul W., additional, Stammerjohn, Sharon, additional, Stauffer, Ryan, additional, Steinbrecht, Wolfgang, additional, Steiner, Andrea K., additional, Stella, Jose L., additional, Stephenson, Tannecia S., additional, Stradiotti, Pietro, additional, Strahan, Susan E., additional, Streletskiy, Dmitry A., additional, Surendran, Divya E., additional, Suslova, Anya, additional, Svendby, Tove, additional, Sweet, William, additional, Takahashi, Kiyotoshi, additional, Takemura, Kazuto, additional, Tank, Suzanne E., additional, Taylor, Michael A., additional, Tedesco, Marco, additional, Thackeray, Stephen J., additional, Thiaw, W. M., additional, Thibert, Emmanuel, additional, Thoman, Richard L., additional, Thompson, Andrew F., additional, Thompson, Philip R., additional, Tian-Kunze, Xiangshan, additional, Timmermans, Mary-Louise, additional, Timofeyev, Maxim A., additional, Tobin, Skie, additional, Tømmervik, Hans, additional, Tourpali, Kleareti, additional, Trescilo, Lidia, additional, Tretiakov, Mikhail, additional, Trewin, Blair C., additional, Triñanes, Joaquin A., additional, Trotman, Adrian, additional, Truchelut, Ryan E., additional, Trusel, Luke D., additional, Tye, Mari R., additional, van der A, Ronald, additional, van der Schalie, Robin, additional, van der Schrier, Gerard, additional, Van Hemert, Caroline, additional, Van Meerbeeck, Cedric J., additional, van vliet, Arnold J.H., additional, Vazife, Ahad, additional, Verburg, Piet, additional, Vernier, Jean-Paul, additional, Vimont, Isaac J., additional, Virts, Katrina, additional, Vivero, Sebastián, additional, Volkov, Denis L., additional, Vömel, Holger, additional, Vose, Russell S., additional, Walker, Donald (Skip) A., additional, Walsh, John E., additional, Wang, Bin, additional, Wang, Hui, additional, Wang, Muyin, additional, Wang, Ray H. J., additional, Wang, Xinyue, additional, Wanninkhof, Rik, additional, Warnock, Taran, additional, Weber, Mark, additional, Webster, Melinda, additional, Wehrlé, Adrian, additional, Wen, Caihong, additional, Westberry, Toby K., additional, Widlansky, Matthew J., additional, Wiese, David N., additional, Wild, Jeannette D., additional, Wille, Jonathan D., additional, Willems, An, additional, Willett, Kate M., additional, Williams, Earle, additional, Willis, J., additional, Wong, Takmeng, additional, Wood, Kimberly M., additional, Woolway, Richard Iestyn, additional, Xie, Ping-Ping, additional, Yang, Daqing, additional, Yin, Xungang, additional, Yin, Ziqi, additional, Zeng, Zhenzhong, additional, Zhang, Huai-min, additional, Zhang, Li, additional, Zhang, Peiqun, additional, Zhao, Lin, additional, Zhou, Xinjia, additional, Zhu, Zhiwei, additional, Ziemke, Jerry R., additional, Ziese, Markus, additional, Zolkos, Scott, additional, Zotta, Ruxandra M., additional, Zou, Cheng-Zhi, additional, Allen, Jessicca, additional, Camper, Amy V., additional, Haley, Bridgette O., additional, Hammer, Gregory, additional, Love-Brotak, S. Elizabeth, additional, Ohlmann, Laura, additional, Noguchi, Lukas, additional, Riddle, Deborah B., additional, and Veasey, Sara W., additional

Published
2023
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31. Global Oceans

Author

Johnson, G. C, primary, Lumpkin, R, additional, Atkinson, C, additional, Biló, Tiago, additional, Boyer, Tim, additional, Bringas, Francis, additional, Carter, Brendan R., additional, Cetinić, Ivona, additional, Chambers, Don P., additional, Chan, Duo, additional, Cheng, Lijing, additional, Chomiak, Leah, additional, Cronin, Meghan F., additional, Dong, Shenfu, additional, Feely, Richard A., additional, Franz, Bryan A., additional, Gao, Meng, additional, Garg, Jay, additional, Gilson, John, additional, Goni, Gustavo, additional, Hamlington, Benjamin D., additional, Hobbs, W., additional, Hu, Zeng-Zhen, additional, Huang, Boyin, additional, Ishii, Masayoshi, additional, Jevrejeva, Svetlana, additional, Johns, W., additional, Landschützer, Peter, additional, Lankhorst, Matthias, additional, Leuliette, Eric, additional, Locarnini, Ricardo, additional, Lyman, John M., additional, McPhaden, Michael J., additional, Merrifield, Mark A., additional, Mishonov, Alexey, additional, Mitchum, Gary T., additional, Moat, Ben I., additional, Mrekaj, Ivan, additional, Nerem, R. Steven, additional, Purkey, Sarah G., additional, Qiu, Bo, additional, Reagan, James, additional, Sato, Katsunari, additional, Schmid, Claudia, additional, Sharp, Jonathan D., additional, Siegel, David A., additional, Smeed, David A., additional, Stackhouse, Paul W., additional, Sweet, William, additional, Thompson, Philip R., additional, Triñanes, Joaquin A., additional, Volkov, Denis L., additional, Wanninkhof, Rik, additional, Wen, Caihong, additional, Westberry, Toby K., additional, Widlansky, Matthew J., additional, Willis, J., additional, Xie, Ping-Ping, additional, Yin, Xungang, additional, Zhang, Huai-min, additional, Zhang, Li, additional, Allen, Jessicca, additional, Camper, Amy V., additional, Haley, Bridgette O., additional, Hammer, Gregory, additional, Love-Brotak, S. Elizabeth, additional, Ohlmann, Laura, additional, Noguchi, Lukas, additional, Riddle, Deborah B., additional, and Veasey, Sara W., additional

Published
2023
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33. The Oceanic Sink for Anthropogenic CO 2

Author

Sabine, Christopher L., Feely, Richard A., Gruber, Nicolas, Key, Robert M., Lee, Kitack, Bullister, John L., Wanninkhof, Rik, Wong, C. S., Tilbrook, Bronte, Millero, Frank J., Peng, Tsung-Hung, Kozyr, Alexander, Ono, Tsueno, and Rios, Aida F.

Published
2004

34. Southern Ocean Iron Enrichment Experiment: Carbon Cycling in High- and Low-Si Waters

Author

Coale, Kenneth H., Johnson, Kenneth S., Chavez, Francisco P., Buesseler, Ken O., Barber, Richard T., Brzezinski, Mark A., Cochlan, William P., Millero, Frank J., Falkowski, Paul G., Bauer, James E., Wanninkhof, Rik H., Kudela, Raphael M., Altabet, Mark A., Hales, Burke E., Takahashi, Taro, Landry, Michael R., Bidigare, Robert R., Wang, Xiujun, Chase, Zanna, Strutton, Pete G., Friederich, Gernot E., Gorbunov, Maxim Y., Lance, Veronica P., Hilting, Anna K., Hiscock, Michael R., Demarest, Mark, Hiscock, William T., Sullivan, Kevin F., Tanner, Sara J., Gordon, R. Mike, Hunter, Craig N., Elrod, Virginia A., Fitzwater, Steve E., Jones, Janice L., Tozzi, Sasha, Koblizek, Michal, Roberts, Alice E., Herndon, Julian, Brewster, Jodi, Ladizinsky, Nicolas, Smith, Geoffrey, Cooper, David, Timothy, David, Brown, Susan L., Selph, Karen E., Sheridan, Cecelia C., Twining, Benjamin S., and Johnson, Zackary I.

Published
2004

35. Decadal Trends in the Oceanic Storage of Anthropogenic Carbon from 1994 to 2014

Author

Müller, Jens Daniel, primary, Gruber, Nicolas, additional, Carter, Brendan, additional, Feely, Richard, additional, Ishii, Masao, additional, Lange, Nico, additional, Lauvset, Siv K, additional, Murata, Akihiko, additional, Olsen, Are, additional, Pérez, Fiz F, additional, Sabine, Christopher, additional, Tanhua, Toste, additional, Wanninkhof, Rik, additional, and Zhu, Donghe, additional

Published
2023
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36. Mechanisms governing interannual variability in upper-ocean inorganic carbon system and air–sea CO2 fluxes: Physical climate and atmospheric dust

Author

Doney, Scott C, Lima, Ivan, Feely, Richard A, Glover, David M, Lindsay, Keith, Mahowald, Natalie, Moore, J Keith, and Wanninkhof, Rik

Subjects
Climate Action, Carbon cycle, Numerical model, Air-sea CO2 flux, Interannual variability, Iron limitation, Atmospheric dust, Geochemistry, Oceanography, Ecology
Abstract

We quantify the mechanisms governing interannual variability in the global, upper-ocean inorganic carbon system using a hindcast simulation (1979-2004) of an ecosystem-biogeochemistry model forced with time-evolving atmospheric physics and dust deposition. We analyze the variability of three key, interrelated metrics-air-sea CO2 flux, surface-water carbon dioxide partial pressure pCO2, and upper-ocean dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) inventory-presenting for each metric global spatial maps of the root mean square (rms) of anomalies from a model monthly climatology. The contribution of specific driving factors is diagnosed using Taylor expansions and linear regression analysis. The major regions of variability occur in the Southern Ocean, tropical Indo-Pacific, and Northern Hemisphere temperate and subpolar latitudes. Ocean circulation is the dominant factor driving variability over most of the ocean, modulating surface dissolved inorganic carbon that in turn alters surface-water pCO2 and air-sea CO2 flux variability (global integrated anomaly rms of 0.34 Pg C yr-1). Biological export and thermal solubility effects partially damp circulation-driven pCO2 variability in the tropics, while in the subtropics, thermal solubility contributes positively to surface-water pCO2 and air-sea CO2 flux variability. Gas transfer and net freshwater inputs induce variability in the air-sea CO2 flux in some specific regions. A component of air-sea CO2 flux variability (global integrated anomaly rms of 0.14 Pg C yr-1) arises from variations in biological export production induced by variations in atmospheric iron deposition downwind of dust source regions. Beginning in the mid-1990s, reduced global dust deposition generates increased air-sea CO2 outgassing in the Southern Ocean, consistent with trends derived from atmospheric CO2 inversions. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd.

Published
2009

38. Updated climatological mean delta fCO2 and net sea-air CO2 flux over the global open ocean regions.

Author

Fay, Amanda R., Munro, David R., McKinley, Galen A., Pierrot, Denis, Sutherland, Stewart C., Sweeney, Colm, and Wanninkhof, Rik

Subjects
PARTIAL pressure, WATER pressure, REGIONAL differences, PRESSURE measurement, OCEAN waves, CLIMATOLOGY, OCEAN
Abstract

The late Taro Takahashi (LDEO/Columbia University) provided the first near-global monthly air-sea CO2 flux climatology in Takahashi et al. (1997), based on available surface water partial pressure of CO2 measurements. This product has been a benchmark for uptake of CO2 in the ocean. Several versions have been provided since, with improvements in procedures and large increases in observations, culminating in the authoritative assessment in Takahashi et al. (2009). Here we provide and document the last iteration using a greatly increased dataset (SOCATv2022) and determining fluxes using air-sea partial pressure differences as a climatological reference for the period 1980-2021 (Fay et al. 2023). The resulting net flux for the open ocean region is estimated as -1.79 PgC yr-1 which compares well with other global mean flux estimates. While global flux results are consistent, differences in regional means and seasonal amplitudes are discussed. Consistent with other studies, we find the largest differences in the data-sparse southeast Pacific and Southern Ocean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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40. Global Surface Ocean Acidification Indicators From 1750 to 2100

Author

Jiang, Li‐Qing, primary, Dunne, John, additional, Carter, Brendan R., additional, Tjiputra, Jerry F., additional, Terhaar, Jens, additional, Sharp, Jonathan D., additional, Olsen, Are, additional, Alin, Simone, additional, Bakker, Dorothee C. E., additional, Feely, Richard A., additional, Gattuso, Jean‐Pierre, additional, Hogan, Patrick, additional, Ilyina, Tatiana, additional, Lange, Nico, additional, Lauvset, Siv K., additional, Lewis, Ernie R., additional, Lovato, Tomas, additional, Palmieri, Julien, additional, Santana‐Falcón, Yeray, additional, Schwinger, Jörg, additional, Séférian, Roland, additional, Strand, Gary, additional, Swart, Neil, additional, Tanhua, Toste, additional, Tsujino, Hiroyuki, additional, Wanninkhof, Rik, additional, Watanabe, Michio, additional, Yamamoto, Akitomo, additional, and Ziehn, Tilo, additional

Published
2023
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41. Effects of the Pandemic on Observing the Global Ocean

Author

Boyer, Tim, primary, Zhang, Huai-Min, additional, O’Brien, Kevin, additional, Reagan, James, additional, Diggs, Stephen, additional, Freeman, Eric, additional, Garcia, Hernan, additional, Heslop, Emma, additional, Hogan, Patrick, additional, Huang, Boyin, additional, Jiang, Li-Qing, additional, Kozyr, Alex, additional, Liu, Chunying, additional, Locarnini, Ricardo, additional, Mishonov, Alexey V., additional, Paver, Christopher, additional, Wang, Zhankun, additional, Zweng, Melissa, additional, Alin, Simone, additional, Barbero, Leticia, additional, Barth, John A., additional, Belbeoch, Mathieu, additional, Cebrian, Just, additional, Connell, Kenneth J., additional, Cowley, Rebecca, additional, Dukhovskoy, Dmitry, additional, Galbraith, Nancy R., additional, Goni, Gustavo, additional, Katz, Fred, additional, Kramp, Martin, additional, Kumar, Arun, additional, Legler, David M., additional, Lumpkin, Rick, additional, McMahon, Clive R., additional, Pierrot, Denis, additional, Plueddemann, Albert J., additional, Smith, Emily A., additional, Sutton, Adrienne, additional, Turpin, Victor, additional, Jiang, Long, additional, Suneel, V., additional, Wanninkhof, Rik, additional, Weller, Robert A., additional, and Wong, Annie P. S., additional

Published
2023
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43. Global surface ocean acidification indicators from 1750 to 2100

Author

Jiang, Li‐Qing, Dunne, John, Carter, Brendan R., Tjiputra, Jerry F., Terhaar, Jens, Sharp, Jonathan D., Olsen, Are, Alin, Simone, Bakker, Dorothee C. E., Feely, Richard A., Gattuso, Jean‐Pierre, Hogan, Patrick, Ilyina, Tatiana, Lange, Nico, Lauvset, Siv K., Lewis, Ernie R., Lovato, Tomas, Palmieri, Julien, Santana‐Falcón, Yeray, Schwinger, Jörg, Séférian, Roland, Strand, Gary, Swart, Neil, Tanhua, Toste, Tsujino, Hiroyuki, Wanninkhof, Rik, Watanabe, Michio, Yamamoto, Akitomo, and Ziehn, Tilo

Subjects
Shared Socioeconomic Pathways, global surface ocean, Global and Planetary Change, aragonite saturation state, pH, Earth System Models, ocean acidification indicators, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental Chemistry
Abstract

Accurately predicting future ocean acidification (OA) conditions is crucial for advancing OA research at regional and global scales, and guiding society's mitigation and adaptation efforts. This study presents a new model-data fusion product covering 10 global surface OA indicators based on 14 Earth System Models (ESMs) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6), along with three recent observational ocean carbon data products. The indicators include fugacity of carbon dioxide, pH on total scale, total hydrogen ion content, free hydrogen ion content, carbonate ion content, aragonite saturation state, calcite saturation state, Revelle Factor, total dissolved inorganic carbon content, and total alkalinity content. The evolution of these OA indicators is presented on a global surface ocean 1 degrees x 1 degrees grid as decadal averages every 10 years from preindustrial conditions (1750), through historical conditions (1850-2010), and to five future Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (2020-2100): SSP1-1.9, SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5. These OA trajectories represent an improvement over previous OA data products with respect to data quantity, spatial and temporal coverage, diversity of the underlying data and model simulations, and the provided SSPs. The generated data product offers a state-of-the-art research and management tool for the 21st century under the combined stressors of global climate change and ocean acidification. The gridded data product is available in NetCDF at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Centers for Environmental Information: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0259391.html, and global maps of these indicators are available in jpeg at: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-datasystem/synthesis/surface-oa-indicators.html. Plain Language Summary A new data product, based on the latest computer simulations and observational data, offers improved projections of ocean acidification (OA) conditions from the start of the Industrial Revolution in 1750 to the end of the 21st century. These projections will support OA research at regional and global scales, and provide essential information to guide OA mitigation and adaptation efforts for various sectors, including fisheries, aquaculture, tourism, marine resource decision-makers, and the general public.

Published
2023

47. Advancing best practices for assessing trends of ocean acidification time series

Author

Sutton, Adrienne J., primary, Battisti, Roman, additional, Carter, Brendan, additional, Evans, Wiley, additional, Newton, Jan, additional, Alin, Simone, additional, Bates, Nicholas R., additional, Cai, Wei-Jun, additional, Currie, Kim, additional, Feely, Richard A., additional, Sabine, Christopher, additional, Tanhua, Toste, additional, Tilbrook, Bronte, additional, and Wanninkhof, Rik, additional

Published
2022
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48. Global Carbon Budget 2022

Author

Friedlingstein, Pierre, primary, O'Sullivan, Michael, additional, Jones, Matthew W., additional, Andrew, Robbie M., additional, Gregor, Luke, additional, Hauck, Judith, additional, Le Quéré, Corinne, additional, Luijkx, Ingrid T., additional, Olsen, Are, additional, Peters, Glen P., additional, Peters, Wouter, additional, Pongratz, Julia, additional, Schwingshackl, Clemens, additional, Sitch, Stephen, additional, Canadell, Josep G., additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Jackson, Robert B., additional, Alin, Simone R., additional, Alkama, Ramdane, additional, Arneth, Almut, additional, Arora, Vivek K., additional, Bates, Nicholas R., additional, Becker, Meike, additional, Bellouin, Nicolas, additional, Bittig, Henry C., additional, Bopp, Laurent, additional, Chevallier, Frédéric, additional, Chini, Louise P., additional, Cronin, Margot, additional, Evans, Wiley, additional, Falk, Stefanie, additional, Feely, Richard A., additional, Gasser, Thomas, additional, Gehlen, Marion, additional, Gkritzalis, Thanos, additional, Gloege, Lucas, additional, Grassi, Giacomo, additional, Gruber, Nicolas, additional, Gürses, Özgür, additional, Harris, Ian, additional, Hefner, Matthew, additional, Houghton, Richard A., additional, Hurtt, George C., additional, Iida, Yosuke, additional, Ilyina, Tatiana, additional, Jain, Atul K., additional, Jersild, Annika, additional, Kadono, Koji, additional, Kato, Etsushi, additional, Kennedy, Daniel, additional, Klein Goldewijk, Kees, additional, Knauer, Jürgen, additional, Korsbakken, Jan Ivar, additional, Landschützer, Peter, additional, Lefèvre, Nathalie, additional, Lindsay, Keith, additional, Liu, Junjie, additional, Liu, Zhu, additional, Marland, Gregg, additional, Mayot, Nicolas, additional, McGrath, Matthew J., additional, Metzl, Nicolas, additional, Monacci, Natalie M., additional, Munro, David R., additional, Nakaoka, Shin-Ichiro, additional, Niwa, Yosuke, additional, O'Brien, Kevin, additional, Ono, Tsuneo, additional, Palmer, Paul I., additional, Pan, Naiqing, additional, Pierrot, Denis, additional, Pocock, Katie, additional, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Resplandy, Laure, additional, Robertson, Eddy, additional, Rödenbeck, Christian, additional, Rodriguez, Carmen, additional, Rosan, Thais M., additional, Schwinger, Jörg, additional, Séférian, Roland, additional, Shutler, Jamie D., additional, Skjelvan, Ingunn, additional, Steinhoff, Tobias, additional, Sun, Qing, additional, Sutton, Adrienne J., additional, Sweeney, Colm, additional, Takao, Shintaro, additional, Tanhua, Toste, additional, Tans, Pieter P., additional, Tian, Xiangjun, additional, Tian, Hanqin, additional, Tilbrook, Bronte, additional, Tsujino, Hiroyuki, additional, Tubiello, Francesco, additional, van der Werf, Guido R., additional, Walker, Anthony P., additional, Wanninkhof, Rik, additional, Whitehead, Chris, additional, Willstrand Wranne, Anna, additional, Wright, Rebecca, additional, Yuan, Wenping, additional, Yue, Chao, additional, Yue, Xu, additional, Zaehle, Sönke, additional, Zeng, Jiye, additional, and Zheng, Bo, additional

Published
2022
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