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This report presents the results of a consideration of the heritage impact assessment that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a residential development at Barn at Lower Rixdale Farm, Dawlish, Teignbridge, Devon. The work was carried out in accordance with best practice and it followed Devon County Council guidance and CIfA guidelines. From a conservation point of view, we want to avoid historic pastiche in the design of both the conversion elements and the new extension. Any 'muddying of the waters' between old and new on the site, confusing the narrative of this as a converted barn, never having been domestic, is harmful to the historic building. In light of this, the aluminium frame is preferred for the glass link as it will be more seamless and it will hold a lower visual profile than that of a timber frame. It is important that the aluminium frame includes as few panes of glass as possible, it must not have horizontal glazing bars, and it must avoid having window character. It must retain clean and modern lines to perform its vital visual function. Timber barge boards are preferred, and the timber boarding at the apex must be removed. Newly proposed openings have attempted to reach a compromise between the original slit vent style and a larger full opening that was later suggested. The glass is recessed to avoid reflections, to allow for air flow in the room, and for increased light to ensure that the structure is liveable. If lightweight recessed frames can be used, the slight referencing to agricultural proportions but with a modern treatment of the openings could be the balance between the two extremes. It could mark the extension as modern and different and domestic without intruding on the wider farmstead character. The conversion of this building will ensure its long-term survival as a lack of maintenance during the latter decades of the 20th century and the poor quality of modern repairs have led to significant risk to its historic integrity and its structural cohesion.

This report presents the results of a historic building recording that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) in advance of a potential demolition and subsequent residential development at Windy Cross Farm, Thornbury, Holsworthy, Devon. The initial site visit was conducted in March 2020, however the site was revisited and the report was reissued following a fire in November 2022. The historic building recording followed the guidance that is outlined in: Standard and Guidance for the Archaeological Investigation and Recording of Standing Buildings or Structures (CIfA 2014); and Understanding Historic Buildings: A Guide to Good Recording Processes (Historic England 2016). The discussion of the buildings' setting followed the approaches that are outlined in the appropriate guidance (DoT Guidance and Historic England 2015). The farmhouse at Windy Cross Farm is a small and traditional cob-built Devon farmhouse. It is considered to be of some architectural interest due to its construction from local materials and its displaying of historic features that are indicative of a complex development. It has its origins in the late medieval period and it retains a significant proportion of historic built fabric. It has received two significant phases of remodeling - one in the 17th century, flooring the hall and providing a purpose built kitchen, and one in the 19th century, adding a dairy, inserting a stair and dividing the first floor into bedrooms, and dividing the range into two separate cottages. The rural location, the semi-derelict condition, and the lack of occupancy over the last few decades have meant that it has not previously been recorded and studied. Unconverted historic Devon farmhouses are now few and far between and to demolish this building would represent an unacceptable loss of an undesignated heritage asset. Its demolition will be permanent and irreversible and such an approach is therefore assessed as being of negative/substantial impact on an undesignated heritage asset. It is recommended that there will be a need for some sort of planning balance in order to facilitate the re-instatement and the subsequent retention of the farmhouse at Windy Cross Farm as a dwelling whilst perhaps allowing for the construction of a new dwelling nearby. It is further recommended that the building is not demolished and that the building is protected by a full programme of historic building recording and a subsequent consideration for Listing. The aforementioned recommendations were made following the initial site visit in March 2020, however the devastating fire of November 2022 occurred before such a programme of historic building recording could be undertaken. A reactive building survey was undertaken to record the current standing fabric that was exposed by the fire, with the interpretation of the building being updated accordingly. The assessment of the value and the significance of the building has obviously changed in some categories, such as integrity and evidential value, however it is felt that the building should be retained and restored if at all possible as it inherently still represents a late medieval holding. Any such future approach would obviously be dependent on a structural assessment, however a key element of any future approach should be that as much original material is reused as is practicable.

This report presents the results of a heritage impact assessment that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) in advance of the proposed addition of two areas of eco-pod lodges within the grounds of Trenython Manor Lodges, Tywardreath, Par, Cornwall. The historic impact assessment followed the guidance that is outlined in: Conservation Principles: Policies and Guidance for the Sustainable Management of the Historic Environment (English Heritage 2008); The Setting of Heritage Assets (Historic England 2015); Seeing History in the View (English Heritage 2011); Managing Change in the Historic Environment: Setting (Historic Scotland 2010); Visual Assessment of Wind Farms: Best Practice (University of Newcastle 2002); and Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment: 3rd Edition (Landscape Institute 2013). Trenython Manor is a fine gentleman's residence of the mid-to-late 19th century that is built in a classic Italianate style. It was later owned by the Bishop of Truro and it was adapted to specifically entertain guests. The Bishop viewed it as his duty to create a focus for the diocese and as such he needed a base from which to host the great and the good of the district to forward his various socio-economic philanthropic aims. The house subsequently fell into disrepair, arguably being too large for a private residence without a full staff, and it now forms a part of CLC Resorts group. It serves as a clubhouse at the heart of a disparate and upmarket holiday park, with a number of small timber lodges built throughout its wooded and landscaped grounds. In many ways Trenython Manor is still ironically being used for its intended purpose as an entertainment hub. Its function within the park as a grand central communal building has allowed for the restoration and the retention of its fine interiors as large open spaces, in contrast to many former grand residences that have since been divided into flats, and as such it has retained its authenticity and its significance. A slight increase in the density of the accommodation within the wider grounds, especially in areas that are not directly visible from the house, will have little to no lasting effect on the house as they will be in line with the current use of the wider setting. The impact on the wider landscape will also be fairly small: Site A ( Area 01) may be glimpsed across the fields from the undesignated enclosure nearby, however it is not visible from the key heritage asset (Castle Dore); and Site B (Area 02) is secluded amongst the trees with no wider viewscape. Where slight negative impacts are felt, the positive changes to a large, unused, and overgrown area outweigh the issues. Furthermore, the proposed development sits within an already established holiday park landscape. The overall heritage impact will be negligible.

This report presents the results of a historic building recording that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a residential development including internal alterations, general modifications, and the construction of a small single-storey rear extension at No.15 The Quay, Appledore, Northam, Devon. The work was carried out in accordance with a Written Scheme of Investigation that was drawn up in consultation with Torridge District Council and the Devon County Historic Environment Team (DCHET). The work followed the guidance that is outlined in: Standard and Guidance for the Archaeological Investigation and Recording of Standing Buildings or Structures (CIfA 2020); and Understanding Historic Buildings: A Guide to Good Recording Processes (Historic England 2016). The discussion of setting followed the approach that is outlined in the appropriate guidance (DoT Guidance and Historic England 2015). No.15 The Quay is a building with origins in the pre-19th century working heritage of Appledore Quay, however it now presents as a fairly smart three-storey Victorian house. It was likely adapted in response to the creation of Victoria Quay in 1845, a development that revolutionised both the economy and the appearance of Appledore. It contains some surviving features, although much has been lost to 20th century phases of remodelling and to its subsequent function as flats and then a holiday cottage. There is a presumed association with the adjacent No.15a The Quay, an association that appears to be supported by the building survey, with similar features found in both structures and a blocked doorway on the first floor that once joined the two spaces. It is felt that the building is in fair condition, however it has not been improved by unsympathetic adaption and there is flexibility for positive change and for a rationalisation of spaces to make it work as a family home for modern living. The few in-situ features that do survive, such as the fireplace grate and the gas lamp fitting on the second floor, are of increased significance and so restoration and retention of these features would be advisable.

This report presents the results of a buildings appraisal and a heritage impact assessment that were carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a residential development at The Old Charcoal Mill, Ponsanooth, St Gluvias, Cornwall. The work followed the guidance that is outlined in: Standard and Guidance for the Archaeological Investigation and Recording of Standing Buildings or Structures (CIfA 2014); Understanding Historic Buildings: A Guide to Good Recording Processes (Historic England 2016); Conservation Principles: Policies and Guidance for the Sustainable Management of the Historic Environment (English Heritage 2008); The Setting of Heritage Assets (Historic England 2017); Seeing History in the View (English Heritage 2011); Managing Change in the Historic Environment: Setting (Historic Scotland 2016); Visual Assessment of Wind Farms: Best Practice (University of Newcastle 2002); Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment: 3rd Edition (Landscape Institute 2013); and ICOMOS guidance (2011). The building at The Old Charcoal Mill is present on the tithe mapping and on possible earlier OS draft mapping, with several alterations having been made during both the 19th century and the 20th century. It is clear that the building has been subject to several phases of development, with these phases of development having been primarily centred upon an industrial function that may have been attributed to woollen manufacturing, paper milling, and possible processing for a nearby mine or for charcoal refinement. The building has been heavily altered and few earlier architectural features remain, though interesting structural phasing is evident, an element of which would suggest the presence of an earlier build that would pre-date 1800. The building has been assessed as of moderate heritage value and it should be considered as a local undesignated heritage asset, with it retaining vernacular features, addressing a former industrialised post medieval landscape, and representing the expansion of and the investment into Cornwall during both the 18th century and the 19th century. That being said, the building is not comparable to a grade II listed building and it has been heavily altered, having been largely stripped to create an emphasised significance on the eastern elevation and on the few remaining internal features (beams and trusses). There is an overarching interest in finding a sustainable use for what is an important historic building in Ponsanooth and it is felt that the process of consultation in designing a final scheme has produced positive results that have engaged successfully with the character and the feel of the setting and the narrative. It is recommended that a full programme of archaeological monitoring and recording is undertaken to determine the adaptions to and the origins of the building, including the monitoring of groundworks and the monitoring of landscaping in the immediate area around the footprint of the building, before works commence and with the building in its current state with all modern wall treatments removed.

This report presents the results of a historic building recording and archaeological monitoring and recording that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a residential development at St. Johns, St. Mawgan, St. Mawgan-in-Pydar, Cornwall. The work was carried out in line with best practice and it followed the guidance that is outlined in: Standard and Guidance for the Archaeological Investigation and Recording of Standing Buildings or Structures (CIfA 2014); and Understanding Historic Buildings: A Guide to Good Recording Processes (Historic England 2016). The discussion of the buildings' setting followed the approaches that are outlined in the appropriate guidance (DoT Guidance and Historic England 2015). The historic building recording of the porch (Structure 1) found that a late 19th century or early 20th century brick porch, contemporary to the house, was raised to the first floor and widened to one side in the early to mid 20th century to form a toilet and likely a bathroom. The lean-to to the side of the house was later removed. The stair window, which was blocked in raising the porch, will be reopened as part of the development works to restore an important architectural aspect of the house. The historic building recording of the single storey outbuilding (Structure 2) noted that the rear wall and the side walls were of rubble, a mix of local stone, similar to that of the house. The outbuilding was of poor quality, likely once open-fronted, merely built onto and into the bank, into which it was terraced, altered in brick in the mid 20th century, to form separate units. The two structures and their alterations speak to both the changes in society and in living standards as Britain transitioned from the Victorian period into the 20th century. The removal of the outbuilding allowed for a brief examination of the ground makeup and the landscaping. This suggested that no remains from the earlier stable block have survived in the area immediately behind the house, with a shallow overburden of topsoil directly overlying the bedrock.

This report presents the results of archaeological monitoring and recording and historic building recording that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a residential development at Nanquidno Vean, St. Just, Cornwall. The historic building recording was undertaken by E. Wapshott in September 2019. The work was undertaken in line with best practice and followed the guidance that is outlined in CIfA's Standard and Guidance for the Archaeological Investigation and Recording of Standing Buildings or Structures (2014) and Historic England's Understanding Historic Buildings: A Guide to Good Recording Processes (2016). The archaeological monitoring and recording was undertaken over multiple visits by E. Wapshott and R. Waterhouse in October 2019 and November 2019. The work was undertaken in line with best practice and followed the guidance that is outlined in CIfA's Standard and Guidance for an Archaeological Watching Brief (2014). All groundworks were performed by hand using picks, mattocks, and shovels due to the tight nature of the internal space and the potential for sensitive buried archaeolgical deposits, and the subsequent demolition and removal of the ruined section was performed by machine using a grading bucket. The desk-based assessment was undertaken by E. Wapshott. The work was undertaken in line with best practice and followed the guidance that is outlined in CIfA'S Standard and Guidance for Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment (2014, Revised 2017) and English Heritage's Understanding Place: Historic Area Assessments in a Planning and Development Context (2017). The discussion of setting builds on the approaches that are outlined in the appropriate guidance (DoT Guidance and Historic England 2015). Nanquidno Vean is a small Post Medieval granite cottage within the hamlet of Wesley Cottages and within the farming community at Nanquidno. The programme of works recorded the undesignated cottage which contained some good vernacular features, whilst a further programme of works monitored the demolition of an attached lean-to and the ruined remains of an earlier house and recorded the lifting of the present floor surfaces on the ground floor of the lean-to building. The archaological monitoring and recording confirmed that the ruins to the side of the house constituted another cottage of similar three cell form (two rooms either side of a central passage). This building was lost in the late 19th or early 20th century, however during the 20th century the right-hand room was reworked into a kitchen extension for the upstanding cottage. The cottage is not Listed, however the structure is a good example of a type of vernacular Post Medieval farm workers cottage and it should therefore be considered as an undesignated heritage asset.

This report presents the results of a heritage impact assessment that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a wind turbine at Wheal Martyn Pit, Treverbyn, Cornwall. The proposed development would be located within the flat top of a small bench tip between the Gunheath and the Wheal Martyn working clay pits and on the edge of the scheduled Wheal Martyn clay works. The bench tip developed in the late 19th century and the early 20th century as it does not appear on earlier 19th century mapping. It is of low profile, almost recessive compared to some of the larger historic bench tips and sky tips, and it does not make any significant contribution to the skyline profile. On the basis that the proposed development would be located on an early 20th century bench tip, the archaeological potential of the site can be assessed as low. In terms of indirect impacts, most of the designated heritage assets within the wider area are located at a distance whereby the impact of the proposed development on the assets would be minimised, or where the contribution of the setting to the overall significance of the assets is less important than other factors. The landscape context of many of the assets is such that they would be partially or wholly insulated from the effects of the proposed development by a combination of local blocking from trees, buildings, or embankments, or from modern intrusions that have already impinged upon their setting. A small number of assets of medium value and when considered in detail would be affected by the proposed development to a limited but quantifiable degree, such as the assets at Carthew and the assets within the valley that runs adjacent to the proposed development. The impact on these assets would be negligible to negative/moderate, with a negligible impact on the historic landscape, a negligible aggregate impact, and a negative/minor cumulative impact on the basis that there are several operational wind turbines in close proximity to the proposed development. On this basis, the impact of the proposed development can be assessed as negligible overall.

This report presents the results of a brief heritage assessment that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a residential development at Judleys Thatch, Ingleigh Green, Winkleigh, Devon. The site visit in March 2022 confirmed that the house is an unusual survival from the 15th century and it indicated that the heritage of the building may be slightly more nuanced than was first appreciated. The historic narrative and the detailed phasing would require further study, however it would appear that there is a medieval hall house at its core that is now represented as the entrance hall and the sitting room. It is built open to the roof, with two jointed crucks surviving, and it defines the former footprint of the building as a simple rectangular block. The hall house had a thick cob end gable to the south-east and louvred vents to let out the smoke in the apex, as is represented by the surviving collar and king post timber framing above the cob wall that is exposed in the main bedroom. This confirms that the inner room is in fact an extension to the first phase of the house, however it is still early in date itself. The jointed cruck that is exposed in the main bedroom would have sat over the middle of the hall. It is very fine and it has a cranked collar with chamfered detailing and with yoke at the ridge. The hall would have had a central hearth or brazier. The jointed cruck between the hall, the landing, and the garden room is not finished to the same standard and it has a slightly more archaic saddle joint at the ridge. This would appear to be functional in form and it would likely have carried a partition that either divided the hall from the cross passage or divided the domestic part of the house from an animal house. The rest of the range below the jointed cruck has been lost and the wall has been heavily underbuilt in brick, possibly with some stone and cob hence its current width, however it has also been boarded out. The current front door enters the entrance hall that is now a cross passage of sorts, however this is a later arrangement of the space that is connected to the insertion of the stack in the 16th century or the early 17th century. The fine shallow-pointed arched door may be contemporary, the arch being of Tudor character, however it is currently set within loose rubble and mortared in cement and it sits on concrete piers. One side of the door is widely splayed and the other side of the door is straight, so whilst the door frame is likely to be from the house it may not necessarily be in its original position. A chunky chamfered beam and a square-headed chamfered door frame to the north of the stack would suggest that the cross passage was formed at the same time as the stack. There is evidence of a possible jettied first floor chamber over the newly formed cross passage space, with short and heavy joists that carried another beam set into the side of the stack. The lightweight beam that runs across the hall would suggest a late closing of the space. The inner room is a thick cob structure, with heavy purlins that carry the roof between the former end gable of the hall and the new end wall. The change in thickness of the cob wall between the hall and the inner room would probably indicate that a blocked doorway exists between the two rooms. The size of the beam over the inner room would suggest that it was built with a floor in situ that was likely to have been accessed via a ladder. The parlour behind the inner room was added in the late 17th century, with a chamber above and an associated winder stair. A door was forced in the corner of the hall to create a small lobby that linked all of the rooms. A further service space was added to the west of the parlour in the late 18th century or the early 19th century. A blocked doorway may link this space back to the former hall.

This report presents the results of a heritage appraisal that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a residential development at Southcott House, Weare Giffard, Torridge, Devon. The work was undertaken in line with best practice and it follows the guidance that is outlined in: CIfA's Standard and Guidance for the Archaeological Investigation and Recording of Standing Buildings or Structures (2014); and Historic England's Understanding Historic Buildings: A Guide to Good Recording Processes (2016). The discussion of the building's setting follows the approaches that are outlined in the appropriate guidance (DMRB Guidance and Historic England 2015). The building presents clear structural evidence of having been constructed in three main phases, with obvious extensions and dateable features defining the structural phasing to the late 18th to late 19th centuries. It obviously makes a positive contribution to the aesthetics of Weare Giffard village and the wider Torridge River valley, with it being quite prominent in views. It is of architectural interest and of historical/associational value and evidential value and it has marked narrative value/sense of place. It does not have communal value and the archaeological value of the site is fairly low as the gardens are broadly contemporary and they have been steeply terraced into the slope. The gardens are little altered since laying out and they are a surprising survival of a mid-19th century landscape scheme. The building is largely authentic, with its original layout intact and with many fine internal features and carpentry. It is in fair condition, however it would benefit from sympathetic restoration and renovation to bring it up to 21st century living standards where necessary.

This report presents the results of a historic building recording and archaeological monitoring and recording that were carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a residential development at Barn near Shortridge Cottage, Little Shortridge, Warkleigh, Devon. The farmstead at Little Shortridge probably has its origins in the medieval period or in the 17th century. It is presumed to have originally been a mixture of domestic buildings and agricultural buildings that were run as a standalone holding. The site is recorded cartographically from 1804 to 1903 as having two occupied main ranges and only a few additions of small outshuts/sheds, with the site having been reduced from an owner-occupier site to housing tenants and farm workers. Although the cartographic records would suggest a lack of new buildings that were added onsite, the census records show that the population at Little Shortridge briefly peaked between the 1850s and the 1880s, with up to five households of farm workers and their families who presumably lived within subdivided accommodation. There is a definite downward socio-economic trend on the farmstead during the 19th century that obviously led to its abandonment during the 20th century. The building complex is derelict and its poor condition due to a lack of maintenance throughout the last few decades has hampered its perceived value during the 21st century. The building complex does, however, convey a powerful regional narrative about the lives of farm workers during the 19th century who were left behind as the industry around them mechanised and about the many abandoned settlements and shrunken settlements that exist throughout North Devon. The building complex exhibits vernacular form and vernacular materials, most obviously in the 19th century or even 20th century traditional West Country character stonework. The building reflects multiple conservation values as defined by Historic England and as assessed under the NPPF framework. The building is considered to be of local-scale value and it is assessed as an undesignated heritage asset. The archaeological monitoring and recording identified a cut at the back of the buildings (set into the slope), whilst much of the build up against the buildings was loose soil from the fields. The ground to the south and to the west was terraced away during the 20th century, possibly during the removal of ruins, and thus the main active area of archaeology that was noted as surviving was a good set of post medieval cobbles in the eastern end of the standing range. A further fragment of cobbles in the yard was uncovered during the archaeological monitoring and recording.

This report presents the results of a heritage assessment that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a residential development at The Former Band Hall, Barn Street, Liskeard, Cornwall. The Former Band Hall presents clear structural evidence of having been constructed in two phases and due to the strongly Gothic character of the front half of the building (of more typical late 19th century style) it may be more likely that the Henry Rice (1808-1876) designed portion of the building is the rear two-thirds of the structure whereby its once decorative façade was removed when the building was extended and possibly developed by one of Rice's co-workers utilising elements of Rice's detailing. The Cornwall HER records a date for construction in 1876, however contemporary 19th century records indicate that the chapel that was constructed in 1876 could have been a nearby Bible Christian Chapel and not the Baptist Chapel that was built in two phases in 1858 and in 1881. This seems to be a more cohesive explanation for the visible structural phasing of the building. The building obviously makes a positive contribution to the Conservation Area despite some of the aesthetic damage that has been caused by layers of historic paintwork. It is also of communal value and of obvious architectural interest, with the building successfully conveying the town's nonconformist and 19th century narratives of expansion. The building has a landmark status within the Barn Street streetscape and it forms something of a group with the converted chapel opposite and the Wesleyan chapel just a few hundred meters to the north. In contrast, the shop has no value to the Conservation Area and a more appropriately designed building is likely to improve the appearance of the streetscape and the Conservation Area. The rear portion of the building, although possibly more interesting from a historical-associational point of view, is failing structurally and it is felt that there is considerable flexibility in the rear of the building for a programme of full historic building recording followed by total removal and reconstruction to ensure the overall survival of the structure. It is felt that if left unconverted then the building will likely collapse and such a loss of an undesignated heritage asset should be avoided if at all possible. Since the retained frontage would screen views from the Conservation Area an innovative design can be encouraged to maximize the use of the space that is available. The overall public benefit of providing quality and affordable in-town accommodation, of providing jobs during construction, and of retaining an important historic façade would seem to be overwhelming. It is felt that retaining the façade is the key to facilitating the rest of the work. The loss of the façade is otherwise seen as harmful to the Conservation Area and to the narrative of Liskeard.

This report presents the results of a brief heritage assessment carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for 11 Belgravia Street, Penzance, Cornwall, in advance of any proposed window replacement. Some 60-70% of the houses along Belgravia Street retain sash windows, at least on the street facade, although many of these sashes have been replaced. The remaining 30-40% have non-sash style UPVC and even metal framed windows. What is noticeable is that many properties have been changed from the original two-over-two pane sash windows to larger single pane sash or mock sashes. The windows of number 11 like many properties on the Street have likely been replaced in the early 20th century, but they remain broadly in keeping with the character of the Street, being sash style windows. The windows to the front of the No.11 facing into the street, need to be replaced in a style as was once intended for the wider planned development, and should retain the two-over-two sash style windows. Any changes to the rear windows of No.11 will have no affect upon the wider conservation area and are not of major concern in terms of their impact.

This report presents the results of a historic building recording and archaeological monitoring and recording that were carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a commercial development at The Garage, Gaia House, West Ogwell, Devon. Gaia House is a 16th century building with possible earlier origins that was redesigned during the Georgian period and again during the 20th century. It is adjacent to the 12th century parish church. In 2010 SWARCH carried out a desk based assessment and archaeological monitoring and recording for an area to the west of the site. This revealed an undated ditch of a possible medieval manorial enclosure or a church enclosure that may predate the existing house alongside a substantive 17th century to 18th century culvert that is likely to be associated with the house. It also revealed walls and a cobbled surface that are associated with an undated barn that is depicted on the OS 1st Edition Map of 1888 and that was demolished following damage during the hurricane of 1987. In 2017 SWARCH carried out further archaeological monitoring and recording during the installation of a septic tank for an area to the north-west of the site. This revealed no significant archaeological deposits or features. The garage building is a single-storey service building that would have stood detached in a courtyard opposite the currently named Garden Wing. The garage building contained several blocked windows in its surviving northern wall and western wall that would suggest a need for light in the interior. This would hint that its most likely historic function was perhaps as a stable building, with a coach house in the adjoining Garden Wing. Whilst fairly simple in build and much altered, the garage building does contribute to the setting of the house and to the wider narrative of the complex as a former gentry residence. It may be associated with below ground evidence, preserved beneath the concrete pads, that could not only confirm the function of the space but could also inform on the historic periods of occupation of the house. The garage building is merely functional in its architecture, however it does use local vernacular materials and traditional construction methods. It has no aesthetic value and it has no communal value. It is part of the wider complex and so it has some ascribed historical value due to its association with the notable Reynell family who were related to the better known Pomeroys. There are no architecturally significant features within the current structure (which requires separate recording) and the garage building is considered merely locally important to the wider grouping at the site. The archaeological monitoring and recording demonstrated that the western end of the garage building was constructed on top of a former terrace and this may suggest that there is the potential for earlier buildings or for archaeological deposits or features to survive within the wider courtyard.

South West Archaeology Ltd. was commissioned to undertake a programme of historic building recording in advance of conversion works for a former fish cellars on the Strand at Newlyn Harbour in Cornwall. The fish cellars is a building specific in form and narrative to its setting in the historic core of Newlyn, next to the port and docks; with a history defined by the fishing and the fishing industry. It is likely Building B1A has always been associated with fishing - with a mixed range of uses over time, however, its function as a fish cellar is its most recent phase, all of the elements associated with that use being of concrete block. We can be more definitive in it not having been built as a fish cellar as it does not fit the form for such a building and had to be significantly adapted as it had a lot of windows and openings; instead we can hypothesise its use for processing or manufacturing things like nets and sails - or even ropes, as well as storage, as a warehouse - having loading doors to the former main street, Foundary Lane beyond. It abuts an early-mid 19th century building and itself dates to the pre-1875 period, as recorded on the historic mapping and retains at least two traditional-appearance facades (south-west and north-west) even if it is much altered on its rear working side. It is considered a building of local value which positively contributes in a limited extent (in its own right) and cumulatively with other buildings of the same type, may also still in working condition or authentic if derelict, to Newlyn's vernacular working character.

This report presents the results of a heritage assessment carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for private clients at Carwythenack Farm, Gweek, Cornwall, in advance of a proposed planning submission. The Barns are considered to be undesignated local heritage assets. The condition of the buildings is now poor and if left, they will inevitably collapse; it is felt the buildings are significant enough to provide considerable impetus to a project of renovation. Conversion of the barns into dwellings is the most practical way to ensure their survival and the wider clearing and conservation of the site, including the other potential archaeological features which it may contain. The main heritage value of the buildings which stand on the site today is that they are the last remnants of Carwythenack's lost mansion-house complex, particularly barn range 1 and 2. The proposed conversions and demolitions of these redundant farm buildings will not cause any significant level of harm to the nearby designated heritage assets, and if anything, a high quality and sensitive development is likely to improve the settings of these assets.

This report presents the results of a heritage impact assessment that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a residential development at The Garden Walls at Vention House, Putsborough, North Devon, Devon. The cartographic, documentary, and building evidence would suggest that Vention House likely existed prior to 1800, with early fabric surviving to the southern elevation and to the western elevation. The site is a multi-phase complex, post medieval in build, with an involved historic narrative. Several historic buildings are linked via retaining walls and free-standing garden walls that survive onsite and this would suggest a working-industrial phase and a domestic-settled phase. The site has been much altered, particularly during the later 20th century, however historic fabric does remain that allows for a connected historic narrative. The cottages could be considered to be curtilage protected due to their spatial association with the Grade II Listed kiln that exists on the site. The site is no longer of working character but is of upscale coastal residential aesthetic, with decorative garden walls and features from the c.1950s to the c.1970s that use local stone and beach pebbles and that were installed when the cottages were combined to make one single dwelling. An update to the existing approved planning permission proposes to demolish the cottage due to its poor structural issues and to allow for a modern like-for-like development. This proposal is in addition to the already approved glass and stone link to the kiln. In order for the construction work to be undertaken safely and in order to minimise the disruption of the beach ecosystem it has been proposed to remove a short section of garden wall and to remove a small wall and gate to allow for access to the site directly from the concrete slipway. The garden wall is believed to date in part to the 19th century, however it has been significantly rebuilt and it was extended during the later 20th century. The linking wall and the gate are not shown on c.1970s photographs and therefore they date to the c.1980s to the c.2000s. The removal of the garden wall would appear to be the most practical solution, however this would equate to the total loss of a section of wall that curates the experience of the site for the Grade II Listed kiln and the undesignated heritage assets. The total loss of the garden wall is considered to result in "less than substantial harm" as this is a low value feature within a high value site. A like-for-like rebuilding of the garden wall is considered to be an appropriate mitigation for its temporary removal as this would preserve the aesthetics of the garden and its approaches.

This report presents the results of a heritage assessment that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a residential development at The Former Band Hall, Barn Street, Liskeard, Cornwall. The Former Band Hall presents clear structural evidence of having been constructed in two phases and due to the strongly Gothic character of the front half of the building (of more typical late 19th century style) it may be more likely that the Henry Rice (1808-1876) designed portion of the building is the rear two-thirds of the structure whereby its once decorative façade was removed when the building was extended and possibly developed by one of Rice's co-workers utilising elements of Rice's detailing. The Cornwall HER records a date for construction in 1876, however contemporary 19th century records indicate that the chapel that was constructed in 1876 could have been a nearby Bible Christian Chapel and not the Baptist Chapel that was built in two phases in 1858 and in 1881. This seems to be a more cohesive explanation for the visible structural phasing of the building. The building obviously makes a positive contribution to the Conservation Area despite some of the aesthetic damage that has been caused by layers of historic paintwork. It is also of communal value and of obvious architectural interest, with the building successfully conveying the town's nonconformist and 19th century narratives of expansion. The building has a landmark status within the Barn Street streetscape and it forms something of a group with the converted chapel opposite and the Wesleyan chapel just a few hundred meters to the north. In contrast, the shop has no value to the Conservation Area and a more appropriately designed building is likely to improve the appearance of the streetscape and the Conservation Area. The rear portion of the building, although possibly more interesting from a historical-associational point of view, is failing structurally and it is felt that there is considerable flexibility in the rear of the building for a programme of full historic building recording followed by total removal and reconstruction to ensure the overall survival of the structure. It is felt that if left unconverted then the building will likely collapse and such a loss of an undesignated heritage asset should be avoided if at all possible. Since the retained frontage would screen views from the Conservation Area an innovative design can be encouraged to maximize the use of the space that is available. The overall public benefit of providing quality and affordable in-town accommodation, of providing jobs during construction, and of retaining an important historic façade would seem to be overwhelming. It is felt that retaining the façade is the key to facilitating the rest of the work. The loss of the façade is otherwise seen as harmful to the Conservation Area and to the narrative of Liskeard.

This report presents the results of a heritage assessment that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) as part of a proposal to excavate the adjacent bank to facilitate fish movement at Bolham Weir, Washfield, Tiverton, Devon. Bolham Weir is documented as a modern weir that was constructed over a historic weir site. It is a double weir, or stepped weir, which is made up of a series of weirs of different periods, one of which has replaced the other due to disrepair. The earlier lower weir is likely to be an early-19th century structure of large boulders that were originally arranged in a linear form, however it could be pre-1800. Clearly intended to create a naturalised aesthetic, it is much damaged and so it cannot be fully assessed. Above the historic weir is a replacement 19th century weir - ultimately of stone rubble build but massively remodelled during the mid-20th century into a concrete weir of steep crump form, possibly built up and capped, with a narrow crest and with a trough to the base - with straight flank walls. The works to the bank would not physically impact the weir directly, however the works would impact the landscape and the setting of the weir and this may alter how easily understood the narrative of the weir is. These factors combine to give a negative/minor impact on the landscape and the historical narrative of the weir as a cultural entity within the landscape. A programme of archaeological monitoring and recording during this phase of works may be wise due to the proximity of an earlier structure of unknown date and the archaeological potential of the wider area, in particular the bank as infilled leats appear to feed back in to the river on this side. The removal of the bank will allow for an investigation into the narrative of the site and it will confirm some of the dating and the relationships between the features within the landscape. It will not ultimately affect the weir, however its setting will be slightly altered visually.

This report presents the results of a heritage assessment that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) to record and to inform the adaptive reuse of redundant warehouse buildings at Middle Dock, Appledore, Northam, Devon. The site at present is largely derelict, with many buildings in need of serious repair, and it has been noted that the buildings and the boundary walls form an interesting and noteworthy group of local industrial heritage in an area where so much has potentially already been lost (English Heritage 2010). Aside from changes to New Quay and to Richmond Dry Dock, the site is likely to be the last surviving that is associated with early shipbuilding and maritime trade for the area. The site was not deemed to be significant enough for listing, however it should be considered as an undesignated heritage asset. The local and regional value of the site to the setting and to its key riverside location means that the principle of development is accepted, however Building 2 must be protected within the development process. Whatever the outcome of the development process may be, a further stage of building recording may be required on Building 2 along with a full recording of the current extent of the compound wall. Furthermore, it is recommended that archaeological test pitting is conducted to ascertain the level of archaeological resource on the site given the potential for earlier buildings and quays.

This report presents the results of a heritage assessment that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a residential development at The Barns at Moigns Down Farm, Owermoigne, Dorchester, Dorset. The cartographic, documentary, and building evidence at the site would suggest that Moigns Down Farm has been occupied from at least the later Medieval period onwards, whilst early fabric that remains within the northern elevation of the former threshing barn (B1) is of possible earlier origin. The site is a multi-phase complex with an involved narrative that is currently focused on the former threshing barn (B1), with the farmhouse having been demolished during the 1970s. Further evidence may be found within the Dorset County Records that could clarify the date of establishment of the farmstead and identify the earlier phases of ownership that are linked either to the several Medieval manors within the area or to an ecclesiastical estate known as an area of extra parochial place. The archaeological evidence, including Scheduled Monuments of earlier Prehistoric activity within the high downs that surround the site, the record of a mill in the Domesday Survey within the wider valley, at least one deserted Medieval village, an ancient battle site, and early coin find spots, provide the context for the farmstead of a historically rich and diverse landscape that is quite at odds with its isolated character of today. The site in recent times has been associated with the neighbouring farmstead of Watercombe, however it also has earlier historic links with the estate at Warmwell and the manor at Poxwell. The lost farmhouse and the deserted cottages are indicative of a more substantial farming hamlet that survived well into the 20th century. The ruined stone farm buildings and the yards include some areas of archaeological interest and architectural value, such as the stone pillars. The northern elevation of the former threshing barn (B1) is significant as it includes the earliest datable fabric on the site, whilst vernacular features that include the slit vents in the elevations and the high pitched roofline would suggest that the former threshing barn (B1) dates to either the 16th century or the 17th century. The principle for the development of the former threshing barn (B1) into a dwelling is fully supported, however there is an acknowledgement that its conversion would be permanent and irreversible. That being said, it is also felt that conversion is the only feasible solution to the potential loss of this important local undesignated heritage asset without further intervention. The remaining ruined buildings and upstanding walls are important to the setting and the context that they create for the former threshing barn (B1) and the narrative that they provide to the farmstead, however they contain far more flexibility for change. That being said, any development of the farmstead should be sensitively considered at the design stage to avoid unnecessary historic pastiche and it is expected that any conversion scheme would consult with the local conservation officer and be developed with the aid of heritage professionals to ensure the suitability and the sustainability of the farmstead for future generations.

This report presents the results of a historic building appraisal that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) to assess the fabric that was affected by the conversion, restoration, and development of Wheal Ellen Engine House, Porthtowan, St Agnes, Cornwall. The Wheal Ellen engine house is a fine example of its type. It stands within a valley group with other well-preserved but derelict mining and industrial remains. The form and build of the engine house is key to its historic value, its architectural interest, and its visual contribution to the wider group within the World Heritage Site. The engine house was constructed by the Ellen United Copper and Zinc Mining Company (Limited) who went into liquidation the following year. The engine was never installed within the engine house and so its contribution to the mining landscape is a purely visual one. The engine house shows signs of forced entries and of patching and repairs and so it has seen some use, however there are no surviving fittings to indicate its function(s). The survival of the boundary stones is noteworthy. A careful comparison between the two sets of photographs - those from 2017 and those from 2022 - demonstrates little apparent change to the physical structure, however there has been a loss of mortar during that time (in particular from the upper walls and the stack) and the engine house does feature some unsympathetic cement mortar repairs. The amount of ivy has, on the whole, increased slightly over the past four years. The exposed shaft should be capped sympathetically and covered over as the long-term stability of the shaft head would be threatened if it is left open. As the shaft was until recently sealed, and as the shaft fills to the brim with water during the winter, there is no ecological reason to retain an opening. The very well-preserved timbers that were recovered are a result of a sealed environment and it would be best to replicate this to ensure the preservation of the timbers around the head of the shaft. If left exposed to fluctuating water levels, the exposed the timbers will weaken and rot. As the timbers retain the unconsolidated material above the rockhead, their failure will lead to the collapse of the shaft head and could potentially - subject to the depth of the foundations - undermine the bob wall.

This report presents the results of a heritage impact assessment that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a residential development at Hackhams Farmhouse, Buckerell, Honiton, Devon. Hackhams Farmhouse is a Grade II Listed linear range. The Listing text records the building as being of 17th century origin or earlier, however it retains smoke-blackened cruck trusses and it therefore has a Medieval origin as an Open Hall. The building survives with several Post-Medieval phases of build and some fine interior features such as fireplaces and carpentry. That being said, the building has received significant modernisation by a previous owner during the late 20th and early 21st centuries whereby some of the Post-Medieval features were removed in what appears to be an attempt to return the building to a more obvious Medieval aesthetic. This has harmed the overall authenticity and the chronological narrative of the building. The impact of the conversion of a historic agricultural building is inherently negative to some extent due to the loss of fittings and the inevitable effects on authenticity and character, however due to the poor state of the barn's cob structural elements it is felt that conversion is a sustainable way to ensure the survival of a building that has suffered in the recent past from a lack of maintenance. The utility room is an early to mid 20th century extension that replaced a dairy building in the rear north yard of the farmhouse. It is felt that its adaption could improve the visuals of the building and in particular reflect the importance of the surviving Medieval cross-passage door. The garden room is a late 20th or possibly even early 21st century structure that is fairly recessive in its current visuals but does not contribute positively to the building in any way.

This report presents the results of a heritage impact assessment that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a residential development at Former Roselyon Preparatory School, St Blazey Road, St Blaise, Cornwall. The house and the grounds are mid to late Victorian. They sit within an earlier and a contemporary 19th century industrial landscape and they are framed to the north-west by the older estate of Old Roselyon. The wider landscape to the east and to the north-west is comprised of sections of the Cornwall and West Devon Mining Landscape World Heritage Site (Luxulyan Valley). The 17th century to 19th century industrial landscape still dominates the character of the region today and its socio-economic influence (both positive and negative) is still crucial to how we experience present day Cornwall. The estate, with its polite garden character overlying the industrial mining character, echoes the wider regional narrative of much of Cornwall. The building is an undesignated local heritage asset and it is surprisingly authentic and little altered despite its former school function. That being said, it has some significant structural issues such as water ingress due to a lack of recent maintenance and it has been a target of extreme anti-social behaviour that has led to many of the important historic features having been stolen or ripped out and damaged as well as walls and windows having been smashed. This was a building that was intended to impress and to beneficially represent its early owners, most probably Major John Polkinghorne. It is of limited but recognisable architectural value as it is quite a fine and elaborate example of its type and clearly no expense was spared on its original interior. That being said, it is neither sufficiently historic in date nor is it associated with significant named individuals to list for protection. Should this application be successful then the building would be demolished. It is therefore recommended that detailed historic building recording is undertaken as part of any planning conditions to allow for the collection of more information on the structural phasing of the building and its potential early layout, its form, and its function prior to its loss. The impact of the proposed development on the designated heritage assets within the wider landscape is negligible to no change and therefore the impact on these assets is considered to be neutral or slight. The impact of the proposed demolition of a moderate valued asset is major/adverse and therefore the effect on this asset is considered to be moderate or large.

This report presents the results of a heritage assessment that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a residential development at Pine Trees, Trescowe Road, Goldsithney, Cornwall. Pine Trees is present on the tithe map and it has been modified and expanded during the late 19th century and the 20th century, with extensions appearing on the first edition and the second edition OS maps. The building is Post Medieval in date (probably late 18th century or early 19th century), with some nearby properties on the edge of large Medieval waste/common grounds. The core of the house of traditional in materials and form, being cob and of the local Cornish vernacular style. It has been assessed as of generally low heritage value, but should be considered as a undesignated heritage asset. The Site was once a miners small holding, and it therefore reflects one of the key seven attributes of the OUV of the WHS. The property is now in poor condition, having received several phases of inappropriate and unsympathetic work in the 20th century. It is now proposed for demolition, this equates to the total loss of the heritage asset. Pine Trees is an undesignated heritage asset, and the negative impact of demolition results in a slight overall impact, due to the low value of the asset. However, considering the technical effects of the removal of a building, which is part of one on a key attribute of the WHS (i.e., a smallholding) this should be considered a minor to moderate impact, and as such the total loss of this structure, which is likely inevitable given its structural failings, should be offset, but cannot be compensated by, additional recording of the structures that remain on Site as part of any planning conditions.

This report presents the results of a historic building recording that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) in advance of a potential demolition and subsequent residential development at Windy Cross Farm, Thornbury, Holsworthy, Devon. The initial site visit was conducted in March 2020, however the site was revisited and the report was reissued following a fire in November 2022. The historic building recording followed the guidance that is outlined in: Standard and Guidance for the Archaeological Investigation and Recording of Standing Buildings or Structures (CIfA 2014); and Understanding Historic Buildings: A Guide to Good Recording Processes (Historic England 2016). The discussion of the buildings' setting followed the approaches that are outlined in the appropriate guidance (DoT Guidance and Historic England 2015). The farmhouse at Windy Cross Farm is a small and traditional cob-built Devon farmhouse. It is considered to be of some architectural interest due to its construction from local materials and its displaying of historic features that are indicative of a complex development. It has its origins in the late medieval period and it retains a significant proportion of historic built fabric. It has received two significant phases of remodeling - one in the 17th century, flooring the hall and providing a purpose built kitchen, and one in the 19th century, adding a dairy, inserting a stair and dividing the first floor into bedrooms, and dividing the range into two separate cottages. The rural location, the semi-derelict condition, and the lack of occupancy over the last few decades have meant that it has not previously been recorded and studied. Unconverted historic Devon farmhouses are now few and far between and to demolish this building would represent an unacceptable loss of an undesignated heritage asset. Its demolition will be permanent and irreversible and such an approach is therefore assessed as being of negative/substantial impact on an undesignated heritage asset. It is recommended that there will be a need for some sort of planning balance in order to facilitate the re-instatement and the subsequent retention of the farmhouse at Windy Cross Farm as a dwelling whilst perhaps allowing for the construction of a new dwelling nearby. It is further recommended that the building is not demolished and that the building is protected by a full programme of historic building recording and a subsequent consideration for Listing. The aforementioned recommendations were made following the initial site visit in March 2020, however the devastating fire of November 2022 occurred before such a programme of historic building recording could be undertaken. A reactive building survey was undertaken to record the current standing fabric that was exposed by the fire, with the interpretation of the building being updated accordingly. The assessment of the value and the significance of the building has obviously changed in some categories, such as integrity and evidential value, however it is felt that the building should be retained and restored if at all possible as it inherently still represents a late medieval holding. Any such future approach would obviously be dependent on a structural assessment, however a key element of any future approach should be that as much original material is reused as is practicable.

South West Archaeology Ltd. was approached by a private client (the Client) to produce a heritage statement for The Old School House, Michaelstow, Cornwall, as part of the planning submission for a the replacement of the slate roof. This rapid appraisal was undertaken in order to determine the heritage value of the site and the effects of the proposed development on heritage assets in the local area. Situated directly next to the church, the location of the building suggests the potential for occupational deposits of both medieval and post medieval date are high and whilst expected to be damaged and disturbed, there is potential that earlier prehistoric evidence could be uncovered. High Archaeological Potential; however, the roof replacement project will not require any groundworks so for this project, the impact is considered to be Neutral. The individual value of the buildings is low (local) or medium, except for the church and the magnitude of the change is negligible, as the roof is a like-for-like replacement, so the impact of the change would be neutral/slight (with reference to the DMRB/ICOMOS guidance). The scale of the proposals is so minor that, assuming the design and materials are sympathetic to those of the house, as indicated, the overall potential for harm is negligible. It is strongly suggested that the weathered terracotta ridge tiles are placed back on the building's roof after slate removal, to soften the visual impact.

South West Archaeology Ltd. was commissioned to produce a heritage assessment for Bickleigh Bridge Weir, located at Bickleigh, Mid Devon. This work was undertaken on behalf of the West Country Rivers Trust as part of proposed works to the weir to facilitate fish movement. The weir is of local importance as an undesignated heritage asset, with added group value and significance as part of the aesthetics of Bickleigh and its Grade II Listed bridge. The proposals to alter the weir will have a direct impact on this undesignated heritage asset, however: Option A is less intrusive but will fundamentally alter the weir aesthetically and the impact of that on the Listed bridge and undesignated assets and wider group value would have to be considered and managed accordingly; a design along the Lines of Option B, (i.e. cutting a fish pass through the damaged part of the weir) is of course more intrusive but the level of visual change is minimised and the harm could potentially be mitigated through a programme of archaeological recording. The proposed changes may also help to preserve the Grade II Listed Bridge, and provides an opportunity for understanding the weir structure for its future management and its history for public benefit.

This report presents the results of a historic building appraisal carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a private client on Beaford Mill, Beaford, Devon in advance of a proposed planning submission. Beaford Mill House and adjoining garden walls are Grade II Listed and therefore considered of national importance and architectural interest. The house very much presents as the picture postcard Devon cottage today but in fact has an interesting and involved history dating back to at least the 16th century, having originally been a Hall range in its first form. The value of the house, whilst acknowledged, is somewhat secondary to the extraordinary narrative of the site as a whole, and the cumulative value of the Mill House, Mill, Mill Cottage, barn and two bridges - all of which are Grade II Listed. Whilst the building has received considerable development in the early 2000s, it is felt there is flexibility to rationalize and improve some of the changes which were made - of their time, but perhaps felt less appropriate now.

This report presents the results of a heritage impact assessment that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for alterations to an access road at Rosewastis House, St Columb Major, Cornwall. The proposed breaching of the hedge bank/retaining bank would have an obvious impact both visually and physically that would be negative to the heritage value of the bank and that would have indirect impacts on the gateway. The groundworks along the route of the proposed road have the potential to impact negatively on any buried archaeological resource, in particular within the area of the cottages and the buildings that are shown on the tithe map. The breaching of both hedge banks that has already taken place without recording, as well as the stripping of the ground across and in front of a historic carriage entrance to the site and through the site of the former scattered farmstead that is recorded on the tithe map, is inherently negative. A small fragment of walling from one of the historic buildings has survived next to the hedge bank. To the west of this the hedge bank has been partially breached, however a small amount still remains. The blending of farmland and gardens by breaching the boundaries is inherently negative. A fence has been partially built here, however its modern and semi-suburban visual character is inappropriate and it being set in straight lines with no reference to historic boundaries is damaging both visually and spatially to our understanding of the landscape. The impacts could be reduced and balanced to negative/minor to negligible through an appropriate mitigation strategy that could be formed from the recommendations that have been made within this report.

The results of a historic building appraisal carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a private client at Yatton Court, Beaford, in advance of a proposed planning submission. Yatton Court sits within a contemporary 'pocket landscape', with two formal drives, a walled kitchen garden, woodland, paddocks, and pleasure lawns. The distinctly 'polite', gentry character of the immediate setting of the house and the scale of some of the landscaping indicates a potentially more complex multi-phase narrative to this site than has previously been appreciated, with the house sitting on a larger building platform, with unfinished basement façade, with blocked openings to the east of the current service wing. Yatton Court, as it stands, is a Grade II Listed Victorian Rectory, dated to 1855. The Listing text records it as of Tudor-Gothic style. This seems at odds with the Census records that indicate a Rectory in 1851. The building appraisal confirmed the presence of a date stone, oddly built into a set of granary steps within a service courtyard, bearing the initials C.W. 1855. The building appraisal also raised questions over designed layout, with doorways between rooms seemingly being moved and several blocked or altered openings. The main suite of reception rooms appears inadequate for the scale of the building and its clear Gentry pretensions. Another anomaly of the site, noted during fieldwork, are the extensive collections of architectural spolia (finely dressed hollow chamfered or plain chamfered stonework, coping stones, window details, doorframes etc. as well as blocky shaped rubble) seemingly prepared but not used.

This report presents the results of archaeological monitoring and recording that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) during the demolition of the weir to facilitate fish movement at Keybridge Weir, Keybridge, Blisland, Cornwall. Keybridge Weir lies along the De Lank River, a tributary of the River Camel. It is bounded to the south and to the east by Tregaddick House, and to the north and to the west by an enclosed agricultural field. The archaeological monitoring and recording appears to confirm that which is suggested by the historic mapping, that Keybridge Weir was constructed at approximately the same time as Tregaddick House and that it is a feature of the designed landscape garden. It is possible that the weir may have other recreational uses that are associated with the utilisation of the house as a summer house, such as sport fishing. The house became a hotel in the 20th century, during which time sport fishing may have become a more important part of the function of the weir. The archaeological monitoring and recording confirmed that the aesthetic elements of the weir were not needed for its function, and this highlighted its Gentry associations. The character of the stone, drilling holes, pins, and staples confirmed that the weir was of 19th century construction and that it was probably the influence of the local De Lank quarrymen who provided the stone for the house and who may also have been involved with the weir. The recommendations from the heritage impact assessment were followed and two large piles of stone were formed on either bank to create potential otter holts and to allow some semblance of narrative to be retained of there having once been a structure on the site.

The results of an historic buildings assessment carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for Tordown House, Tordown, Swimbridge, at the request of its new owners. The Listed building description for Tordown House describes it as being of early 19th century appearance but of 17th century or earlier origin, and this appears to be correct. There are 17th century features in the kitchen wing, which may have been an earlier, possibly unheated, building of one or one-and-a-half storeys. The main house may have superseded an earlier one, but the most likely interpretation is that a minor gentry house, probably with service functions in the separate kitchen wing, was built here for the Nott Family in the mid 18th century. It was extended to the east and linked to the kitchen wing in the later 18th century and underwent a series of changes during the course of the 19th century, when it was used as a dower house or rented to local clergymen.

South West Archaeology Ltd. was commissioned to produce a heritage assessment for Thornleigh, Cox Hill, Chacewater, Cornwall. This work was undertaken on behalf of a Private Client as part of a planning submission for a two storey extension to a residential dwelling. A building is shown on historic mapping occupying the site of Thornleigh from at least the 1840s and the footprint of the building shown on the 1880s Ordnance Survey First Edition map aligns closely to the property which is still extant, although with some alterations apparent to the rear elevation. The property appears to have been internally modernised with most interior features removed although the interior was not fully inspected. The concrete block garage building to the west of the house appears to have been built between the 1970s and 1990s and a bathroom extension was added to the east in the 1990s. The property appears likely to have comprised a miner's smallholding. As a roadside miner's smallholding on the outskirts of Chacewater, it makes a contribution to the Outstanding Universal Value of the WHS and although not recorded on the HER it should be considered to be an undesignated heritage asset. A number of recommendations have been made as part of this report as to how the property could be extended in a sympathetic manner, retaining its heritage value. Programmes of building recording and archaeological monitoring could also be used to mitigate any changes to the heritage asset.

Archaeological monitoring was undertaken by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) at the request of David Wilson Partnership (the Agent) on behalf of Christ Church Methodist URC during building renovation works on the church and the creation of a support-buttress for an archway to the north-east corner of the 19th century building, on Bear Street Barnstaple, Devon. This work was carried out by E. Wapshott on Tuesday, 22nd June 2021 in accordance with the Written Scheme of Investigation (WSI; Boyd 2020) having been agreed in consultation with Devon County Council Historic Environment Team (DCHET).

The results of a heritage impact assessment carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a proposed turbine on Karslake, St Mewan, Cornwall. This work was carried out on behalf of CleanEarth Energy Ltd. (the Agent) in advance of a planning application. The proposed site would be located towards the northern edge of the parish of St Mewan. This area lies within the china clay district attached to St Austell; a landscape despoiled by mineral extraction but one where the disused pits are being reclaimed by nature. Prior to the massive expansion of the china clay pits in the 20th century, this was an upland landscape of large open commons and marginal smallholdings. The proposed turbine would be located within the ancient unenclosed common land, known as Alviggan Moor, next to the fields of (H)alviggan, a smallholding established in the 18th or early 19th century on Burngullow Down. The wider area was owned by the Agar-Robartes family of Lanhydrock.

This report presents the results of a heritage assessment that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a residential development at Former Roselyon Preparatory School, St Blazey Road, St Blaise, Cornwall. The house and the grounds are mid to late Victorian. They sit within an earlier and a contemporary 19th century industrial landscape and they are framed to the north-west by the older estate of Old Roselyon. The wider landscape to the east and to the north-west is comprised of sections of the Cornwall and West Devon Mining Landscape World Heritage Site (Luxulyan Valley). The 17th century to 19th century industrial landscape still dominates the character of the region today and its socio-economic influence (both positive and negative) is still crucial to how we experience present day Cornwall. The estate, with its polite garden character overlying the industrial mining character, echoes the wider regional narrative of much of Cornwall. The building is an undesignated local heritage asset and it is surprisingly authentic and little altered despite its former school function. That being said, it has some significant structural issues such as water ingress due to a lack of recent maintenance and it has been a target of extreme anti-social behaviour that has led to many of the important historic features having been stolen or ripped out and damaged as well as walls and windows having been smashed. This was a building that was intended to impress and to beneficially represent its early owners, most probably Major John Polkinghorne. It is of limited but recognisable architectural value as it is quite a fine and elaborate example of its type and clearly no expense was spared on its original interior. The building has a more involved developmental history than its initial external appearance may indicate. To the south is a simple rectangular block with a long and narrow north-eastern extension that is noted on the Ordnance Survey Map 1st Edition (1880s). The building was further extended and aggrandised, most probably by Major Polkinghorne, with further service extensions to the north-west and with new bay windows. The building was turned to the south and the layout was altered to form formal entertaining spaces. There are boarded doors and blocked fireplaces as well as many existing features. A detailed study could gather more information on the structural phasing of the building and its potential early layout, form, and function, with its function possibly being associated with regionally important mining.

This report presents the results of a historic area assessment that was carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a grant application at Town Centre, Barnstaple, Devon. Barnstaple is the regional hub for the wider Torridge and North Devon area and it has a centre that is focused on entertainment, amenity, retail, and educational opportunities. The town has an estimated population of over 150,000 and a wide surrounding catchment area that makes it an important regional hub with huge potential. The town was looked at through the lens of a visitor and the historic area assessment sought to identify what is currently missing within particular areas of Barnstaple. This information informed the analysis, conclusions, and recommendations that were subsequently made. The historic area assessment highlighted the proposed areas of change and identified the town quarters within a larger historic context. The following recommendations were made: produce an online tourism presence and a researched marketing strategy to see the project through; significant improvements to the Queen Street car park; changes to the current pedestrian infrastructure throughout the town; significant investments into signage to engage the local population and visitors; considerations and investments into the façades and the designs of current buildings; investments into design and aesthetics whilst being sensitive of space; sensitive reintroduction of historic elements including arches to Butcher's Row and reinstating streetlamps; redesign and restoration of No. 36 Boutport Street and No. 37 Boutport Street; investment into the Pannier Market and Butcher's Row; installation of appropriate heritage interpretation boards with the opportunity to involve the public; evaluate the present townscape and maintain significant views and character; unity amongst shop fronts and sensitivity of design; and investments into the historic quarter of St Peter's Church and St Ann's Chapel. Overall Barnstaple was found to have an important historic narrative that largely goes unnoticed whilst walking through the streets of the town. There is a substantial opportunity to utilise the historic presence and the narrative of the town to rejuvenate the current high street and lead to a more sustainable future for the local population and visitors.

The results of a heritage impact statement carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for the Grade II Listed Trevanion House ahead of proposed works to renovate and subsequently divide and convert the current specialist respite care centre into four residential dwellings. Trevanion Farmhouse is a complex building range of two storeys, with several one and a half storey and single storey modern rear extensions. The house is Grade II Listed, incorporating 17th century or earlier fragmentary remains, and an adapted linear three cell and cross passage range, much of the house represents an 18th or early 19th century minor gentleman's residence, which has received significant later 19th century phases of expansion and change. The house sits on a small corner plot, framed by gardens with a large raised driveway and access ramps and steps to the north-east. The house is enclosed by a modern housing development called Trevanion Barns which replaced an extensive range of historic farm buildings; another U-shaped single storey range of byres survives across the road to the north-west. To the south-west, up the slope across the road is the 'Old Manor House', representing the part-surviving remains of a more extensive complex.

The results of a heritage impact assessment undertaken on Finlake Lodge, Hennock, Newton Abbott, Devon. The Lodge most likely dates to the Ludham family's purchase of the Stokelake estate in the later 1870s, after the death of the Chichester matriarch Margaret. Significant aggrandisements and changes took place on the Stokelake estate following the industrialist's takeover, largely marked by a formalisation of the grounds, for which the construction of the lodge would fit into this narrative; although the presence of a short stub of secondary driveway documented on the tithe map shows that it may have been planned as early as the 1840s.

This report presents the results of a historic building recording and a heritage impact assessment that were carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for a residential development at Vogue House, Vogue Hill, St. Day, Cornwall. The outbuilding is a locally important structure that makes a contribution to the setting of Vogue House, however it holds little individual historical value. Its conversion will be an improvement on the setting and the views within the immediate setting of the Grade II Listed Vogue House. Its design will minimise the visual change from outside of the garden plot in which it stands and it will seek to reuse openings and to minimise fabric loss within the building. The conversion and the reuse of an otherwise derelict building that would only deteriorate further is considered to be broadly beneficial, with few impact considerations serious enough to outweigh the positives to the building and to the adjacent Vogue House (slight/positive impact). In terms of indirect impacts, most of the designated heritage assets within the wider area (two Grade II* Listed Buildings and fifteen Grade II Listed Buildings) are located at a distance whereby the impact of the proposed development on the assets would be minimised, or where the contribution of the setting to the overall significance of the assets is less important than other factors. The proposed development is the reconstruction and the reuse of a former outbuilding that will maintain scale and historic openings as far as is possible. The proposed development will therefore have little to no impact on the World Heritage Site (neutral-negligible impact). With this in mind, the overall impact of the proposed development can be assessed as neutral-negligible. The design is sympathetic to the overall aesthetic of the settlement and to the mini-estate in which it stands, whilst mitigation is possible through archaeological monitoring and recording, through minor additional recording of the building, and through the restoration of historic fabric and structures. The impact of the proposed development on any buried archaeological resource, as well as on the historic floor surface, would be permanent and irreversible, however the potential for encountering any significant archaeological deposits below the floor surface is considered to be low.

South West Archaeology Ltd. was commissioned to undertake historic building recording at a group of redundant agricultural buildings at Pendrea Farm, St. Buryan, Cornwall. This work was undertaken in order to make a record of the buildings and their features prior to conversion to residential use. The farm at Pendrea is first documented in the 10th century AD when it appears in the foundation charter of the Church at St Buryan. During the medieval period it was the seat of the Pendrea family, passing by marriage to the family of Noy in the late 15th century. The most notable of that line was William Noy (b.1577-d.1634), MP and Attorney General to Charles I (1631-34). Hals states he intended to build a notable dwelling at Pendrea but was prevented from doing so by his early death. The estate was sold in the later 17th century to Mr Christopher Davis, Gent. and thence to the Tonkin family; in 1840 the farm was owned by the Rev. Uriah Tonkin.

The results of a heritage assessment carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for land at the King's Head, Lane, Newquay, Cornwall, in advance of a planning application for the site for residential and commercial development. The site lies within the southern part of the long wedge-shaped block of fields which survive as open land, between Trenninick Hill and Trencreek Road, with an additional field to the east of Trencreek Road. It forms part of the enclosed strips of a former open field system associated wit the medieval settlement at Trencreek. The current development to the eastern side of the site is generally small scale; some early 20th century detached residential developments along Trencreek Road with a small housing estate at the junction of Trencreek Road and the A392. To the west lie larger industrial/commercial developments including Morrisons supermarket. The fields to the north are used for grazing horses. They present as grass pasture, if a little overgrown, and have tall mature hedgebanks and hedges between, with metal five bar gates between fields.

Following on from a desk-based assessment and building appraisal in 2017 and historic building recording in 2018, South West Archaeology Ltd. was commissioned to reissue the 2018 report and update the impact assessment following changes to plans for the conversion of a series of redundant farm buildings at Empacombe Home Farm, Mount Edgcumbe, Maker, Cornwall.

The results of a Heritage Impact Assessment carried out by South West Archaeology Ltd. (SWARCH) for the proposed conversion of the exisiting basement of Trenython Manor, Tywardreath, Par, Cornwall. The report was initially produced during the design stages, but has been updated in light of the final plans. Trenython is a fine gentleman's residence of the mid to late 19th century, built in a classic Italianate style. Later intended specifically to entertain the guests of the Bishop of, who viewed it as his duty to create a focus for the diocese and from which to host the great and good of the district to forward his various socio-economic philanthropic aims. Falling into disrepair and arguably too large for a private residence without a large staff the building is now part of CLC Resorts group and is a club-house at the heart of a disparate upmarket holiday park, with small timber lodges built throughout the wooded landscaped grounds.

South West Archaeology Ltd. was commissioned to produce a heritage statement on behalf of a private client for the back block attached to No.1 Thorn Park, Mannamead, Plymouth. This work was undertaken in order to assess the significance of the building prior to a planning submission. No.1 and 2 Thorn Park were built between 1869 and 1893 in the contemporary Italianate style within the former grounds of Mutley House. Between 1893 and 1907 these two houses were provided with a linked service range. The interior of No.1 retains many period fixtures and fittings and has been renovated to a high standard. Its former service block now forms part of the house and contains a modern fitted kitchen. Its doors and windows are all modern PVC replacements. The proposed change - the removal of the north and part of the west wall and its replacement with a glazed wall - appears fairly dramatic but the back block retains very few period details and the impact on the setting of the house and the Conservation Area would be negligible.

Higher Tregantle is Listed as a 17th century structure with significant later phases of modification. The recent renovation and modification of the house afforded the opportunity to examine the structure in detail. This work determined the house was much more complex than the Listing allows. Based on what can be determined from the evidence or lack thereof, in the medieval period there were two structures on the site, meeting at the corner. One was an open hall, the other a service or kitchen range. In the early 17th century the hall was ceiled and a lateral stack constructed. A kitchen with large hearth and heated room above was built into the angle between the two medieval buildings. In the early 18th century a stair turret with a double-height window was built into the other angle between the medieval structures. Later in the 18th century the building suffered a catastrophic event, probably a major fire. As only timber element in the building to predate the mid-18th century is a reused lintel in a forced opening, it appears the building was gutted. The house was rebuilt and there is a datestone that would suggest this work took place in c.1785. The roof over the medieval hall and the stair turret was replaced using ship's timbers: deck planks for the trusses and strakes for the purlins. The proximity of Millbay and Plymouth, and the fact that members of the Graves family were important figures in the Royal Navy, makes the use of ship's timbers entirely logical. It is considerable interest that these timbers feature apotropaic taper burns, and that these marks indicate the current roof has been rebuilt at least once. A very significant phase of investment took place in the late 19th century.

South West Archaeology Ltd. was commissioned to undertake a historic building appraisal, statement of significance and retrospective impact assessment for the main house, bungalow and stables' cottage at Lillycombe Estate, Oare, Exmoor National Park, Somerset. This work was undertaken in consultation with the Exmoor National Park Authority to address works carried out to all three buildings without consent. Lillycombe House is an exceptional early 20th century country house designed by Lady Lovelace, Baroness Wentworth, Lord Byron's great-granddaughter, assisted by noted 'Arts and Crafts' architect, furniture and textile designer C.F.A Voysey. Lady Lovelace built the estate as a retreat, but died in 1917, only five years after its completion. The house forms part of a cohesive historic group at the settled core of the estate with good ancillary buildings and gardens, notably Lillycombe Bungalow and Lillycombe Stables' Cottage. All three buildings (house, bungalow, cottage) are individually Grade II Listed.

South West Archaeology Ltd. was commissioned to undertake historic building recording for The Bickford Centre, South Street, Great Torrington, Devon This work was undertaken in order to make a record of the building and its features prior to a planning submission for restoration and development. The Bickford Centre occupies a mid-row plot on South Street, Great Torrington, within the historic core of the town and the Conservation Area. The building is an amalgamation of two historic buildings which appear to have been joined and reconfigured in the 19th century, forming a mixed use building, a characteristic which it retains to this day. The Bickford Centre is valued for its positive contribution to South Street with its cohesive historic facade. However, in truth, the building is far more complex and arguably more valuable than it appears, as it echoes the ancient medieval town plan, contains 17th century fabric, evidences the stylistic evolution of panelling in this region from c.1600-1832 via its numerous reset recycled panelled sections and also defines the narrative historic and economic development of the life of the town. The proposals are expected to more fully adapt the back block (Building 2) and open up the area between the former shop and the back block, allowing for better use of the community space, but removing a large section of the historically re-set panelling. The works are also expected to renovate and modernise other aspects of the building, making it more user friendly, particularly for disabled members of the community, but with an expected loss of some historic fabric.

South West Archaeology Ltd. was commissioned to undertake historic building recording and produce a statement of significance for Ardlui Cottage, Chittlehampton, Devon This work was undertaken in order to determine the significance of the building prior to a planning submission for restoration and development. Ardlui Cottage is a Grade II Listed building in the centre of Chittlehampton, a small village with a long history. It lay at the centre of a large Domesday manor, and the church, dedicated to the 8th century local saint Hieritha, became a focus for pilgrimage in the medieval period. The manor was held by a succession of aristocratic lords until 1638, when the Giffards of Brightley became the first lords resident in the area. The manor passed to the Rolles of Hudscot in the 18th century, and remained in that family until 1958. Ardlui was held by the Rolles in the 1840s, but it is unclear whether it belonged to the Manor of Chittlehampton or to Brightley. In 1840, Ardlui was occupied by Judith Chapple, a shopkeeper, and Carder Watts, a maltster.