1,379 results on '"Ward, Victoria"'
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2. Expletives explained : metaphor, moral panic and swearing
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Ward, Victoria, Hornsby, David, and Kapogianni, Eleni
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P Language and Literature - Abstract
The aim of this thesis is to examine discourse on swearing by exploring the language used in two UK newspapers, The Mirror and The Express, between 2008 and 2009. In particular, the focal point became two national anti-swearing campaigns that developed after an incident on BBC Radio 2 known as Sachsgate. This was followed by the publication of several polls and reports that appeared to contradict the reasoning for the two campaigns. The discourse used in news reports, editorials and letters pages regarding swearing at this time was closely reviewed within two theoretical frameworks. Firstly, the study drew from Conceptual Metaphor Theory, as outlined by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson (2003). Secondly, it used a Moral Panic Theory framework, derived from Stanley Cohen's (2002) original thesis. The primary findings from this investigation demonstrated a significant correlation between swearing and three clusters of conceptual metaphors: Religiosity, Hygiene and Invasion. It is suggested that there is a blurring between the literal and non-literal that has resulted in swearing being stereotyped as something filthy, irreligious and a threat to the social and moral norms of the Self. The study continued to examine whether the discourse constituted a moral panic, finding that the narrative was presented in the stylised and stereotypical manner indicative of a moral panic and that this intensified the social issue of swearing as a deviant behaviour. This interdisciplinary study has provided evidence as to how (negative) attitudes towards swearing become defined and sustained.
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- 2023
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3. Overview of the Global and US Burden of Preterm Birth
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Ward, Victoria C., Lee, Anne CC, Hawken, Steven, Otieno, Nancy A., Mujuru, Hilda A., Chimhini, Gwendoline, Wilson, Kumanan, and Darmstadt, Gary L.
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- 2024
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4. Estimating Gestational Age and Prediction of Preterm Birth Using Metabolomics Biomarkers
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Ward, Victoria C., Hawken, Steven, Chakraborty, Pranesh, Darmstadt, Gary L., and Wilson, Kumanan
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- 2024
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5. Use of bi-caval cannulae for veno-venous ECMO in neonates and children
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Awad, John, Numa, Andrew, Ravindranathan, Hari, Grant, Peter, Lahanas, Andrew, Singh, Puneet, Swil, Kevin, Ward, Victoria, and Williams, Gary
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- 2023
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6. Improving the precision of maternal, newborn, and child health impact through geospatial analysis of the association of contextual and programmatic factors with health trends in Bihar, India
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Abdalla, Safa, Pair, Emma, Mehta, Kala, Ward, Victoria, Mahapatra, Tanmay, and Darmstadt, Gary L
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Public Health ,Health Sciences ,Clinical Research ,Generic health relevance ,Reproductive health and childbirth ,Good Health and Well Being ,Infant ,Newborn ,Child ,Pregnancy ,Female ,Humans ,Child Health ,Bayes Theorem ,Mothers ,Prenatal Care ,Odds Ratio ,Public Health and Health Services ,Public health - Abstract
BackgroundThere is a scarcity of research that comprehensively examines programme impact from a context-specific perspective. We aimed to determine the conditions under which the Bihar Technical Support Programme led to more favourable outcomes for maternal and child health in Bihar.MethodsWe obtained block-level data on maternal and child health indicators during the state-wide scale-up of the pilot Ananya programme and data on health facility readiness, along with geographical and sociodemographic variables. We examined the associations of these factors with increases in the levels of indicators using multilevel logistic regression, and the associations with rates of change in the indicators using Bayesian Hierarchical modelling.ResultsFrontline worker (FLW) visits between 2014-2017 were more likely to increase in blocks with better night lighting (odds ratio (OR) = 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.01-1.51). Birth preparedness increased in blocks with increasing FLW visits (OR = 3.43, 95% CI = 1.15-10.21), while dry cord care practice increased in blocks where satisfaction with FLW visits was increasing (OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.10-2.11). Age-appropriate frequency of complementary feeding increased in blocks with higher development index (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.16-2.06) and a higher percentage of scheduled caste or tribe (OR = 3.21, 95% CI = 1.13-9.09). An increase in most outcomes was more likely in areas with lower baseline levels.ConclusionsContextual factors (eg, night lighting and development) not targeted by the programme and FLW visits were associated with favourable programme outcomes. Intervention design, including intervention selection for a particular geography, should be modified to fit the local context in the short term. Expanding collaborations beyond the health sector to influence modifiable contextual factors in the long term can result in a higher magnitude and more sustainable impact.RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02726230.
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- 2022
7. Health impact of self-help groups scaled-up statewide in Bihar, India
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Mehta, Kala M, Irani, Laili, Chaudhuri, Indrajit, Mahapatra, Tanmay, Schooley, Janine, Srikantiah, Sridhar, Abdalla, Safa, Ward, Victoria C, Carmichael, Suzan L, Bentley, Jason, Creanga, Andreea, Wilhelm, Jess, Tarigopula, Usha Kiran, Bhattacharya, Debarshi, Atmavilas, Yamini, Nanda, Priya, Weng, Yingjie, Pepper, Kevin T, Darmstadt, Gary L, Borkum, Evan, Carmichael, Suzan, Dutt, Priyanka, Mitra, Radharani, Munar, Wolfgang A, Raheel, Hina, Rangarajan, Anu, Saggurti, Niranjan, Sastry, Padmapriya, Shah, Hemant, Ward, Victoria, and Walker, Dilys
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Public Health ,Health Sciences ,Pediatric ,Clinical Research ,Prevention ,Reproductive health and childbirth ,Good Health and Well Being ,Adult ,Child Health ,Family Planning Services ,Female ,Health Education ,Health Status ,Humans ,India ,Infant Health ,Infant ,Newborn ,Male ,Maternal Health ,Nutritional Status ,Pregnancy ,Reproductive Health ,Sanitation ,Self-Help Groups ,Ananya Study Group ,Public Health and Health Services ,Public health - Abstract
BackgroundThe objective of this study was to assess the impact of self-help groups (SHGs) and subsequent scale-up on reproductive, maternal, newborn, child health, and nutrition (RMNCHN) and sanitation outcomes among marginalised women in Bihar, India from 2014-2017.MethodsWe examined RMNCHN and sanitation behaviors in women who were members of any SHGs compared to non-members, without differentiating between types of SHGs. We analysed annual surveys across 38 districts of Bihar covering 62 690 women who had a live birth in the past 12 months. All analyses utilised data from Community-based Household Surveys (CHS) rounds 6-9 collected in 2014-2017 by CARE India as part of the Bihar Technical Support Program funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. We examined 66 RMNCHN and sanitation indicators using survey logistic regression; the comparison group in all cases was age-comparable women from the geographic contexts of the SHG members but who did not belong to SHGs. We also examined links between discussion topics in SHGs and changes in relevant behaviours, and stratification of effects by parity and mother's age.ResultsSHG members had higher odds compared to non-SHG members for 60% of antenatal care indicators, 22% of delivery indicators, 70% of postnatal care indicators, 50% of nutrition indicators, 100% of family planning and sanitation indicators and no immunisation indicators measured. According to delivery platform, most FLW performance indicators (80%) had increased odds, followed by maternal behaviours (57%) and facility care and outreach service delivery (22%) compared to non-SHG members. Self-report of discussions within SHGs on specific topics was associated with increased related maternal behaviours. Younger SHG members (
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- 2020
8. Evaluation of a large-scale reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health and nutrition program in Bihar, India, through an equity lens
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Ward, Victoria C, Weng, Yingjie, Bentley, Jason, Carmichael, Suzan L, Mehta, Kala M, Mahmood, Wajeeha, Pepper, Kevin T, Abdalla, Safa, Atmavilas, Yamini, Mahapatra, Tanmay, Srikantiah, Sridhar, Borkum, Evan, Rangarajan, Anu, Sridharan, Swetha, Rotz, Dana, Bhattacharya, Debarshi, Nanda, Priya, Tarigopula, Usha Kiran, Shah, Hemant, Darmstadt, Gary L, Carmichael, Suzan, Chaudhuri, Indrajit, Creanga, Andreea, Dutt, Priyanka, Irani, Laili, Mitra, Radharani, Munar, Wolfgang A, Raheel, Hina, Saggurti, Niranjan, Sastry, Padmapriya, Ward, Victoria, Walker, Dilys, and Wilhelm, Jess
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Public Health ,Health Sciences ,Pediatric ,Clinical Research ,Health Services ,Reproductive health and childbirth ,Good Health and Well Being ,Child Health ,Female ,Health Behavior ,Health Promotion ,Healthcare Disparities ,Humans ,India ,Infant ,Infant Health ,Infant ,Newborn ,Male ,Maternal Health ,Maternal Health Services ,Nutritional Status ,Pregnancy ,Reproductive Health ,Ananya Study Group ,Public Health and Health Services ,Public health - Abstract
BackgroundDespite increasing focus on health inequities in low- and middle income countries, significant disparities persist. We analysed impacts of a statewide maternal and child health program among the most compared to the least marginalised women in Bihar, India.MethodsUtilising survey-weighted logistic regression, we estimated programmatic impact using difference-in-difference estimators from Mathematica data collected at the beginning (2012, n = 10 174) and after two years of program implementation (2014, n = 9611). We also examined changes in disparities over time using eight rounds of Community-based Household Surveys (CHS) (2012-2017, n = 48 349) collected by CARE India.ResultsAt baseline for the Mathematica data, least marginalised women generally performed desired health-related behaviours more frequently than the most marginalised. After two years, most disparities persisted. Disparities increased for skilled birth attendant identification [+16.2% (most marginalised) vs +32.6% (least marginalized), P
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- 2020
9. Impact of mHealth interventions for reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health and nutrition at scale: BBC Media Action and the Ananya program in Bihar, India
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Ward, Victoria C, Raheel, Hina, Weng, Yingjie, Mehta, Kala M, Dutt, Priyanka, Mitra, Radharani, Sastry, Padmapriya, Godfrey, Anna, Shannon, Melissa, Chamberlain, Sara, Kaimal, Rajani, Carmichael, Suzan L, Bentley, Jason, Abdalla, Safa, Pepper, Kevin T, Mahapatra, Tanmay, Srikantiah, Sridhar, Borkum, Evan, Rangarajan, Anu, Sridharan, Swetha, Rotz, Dana, Nanda, Priya, Tarigopula, Usha Kiran, Atmavilas, Yamini, Bhattacharya, Debarshi, Darmstadt, Gary L, Carmichael, Suzan, Chaudhuri, Indrajit, Creanga, Andreea, Irani, Laili, Munar, Wolfgang A, Saggurti, Niranjan, Shah, Hemant, Ward, Victoria, Walker, Dilys, and Wilhelm, Jess
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Public Health ,Health Sciences ,Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD) ,Clinical Research ,Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period ,Pediatric ,Nutrition ,Prevention ,Reproductive health and childbirth ,Good Health and Well Being ,Child ,Child Health ,Female ,Health Knowledge ,Attitudes ,Practice ,Humans ,India ,Infant ,Infant Health ,Infant ,Newborn ,Male ,Maternal Health ,Nutritional Status ,Pregnancy ,Reproductive Health ,Telemedicine ,Ananya Study Group ,Public Health and Health Services ,Public health - Abstract
BackgroundMobile health (mHealth) tools have potential for improving the reach and quality of health information and services through community health workers in low- and middle-income countries. This study evaluates the impact of an mHealth tool implemented at scale as part of the statewide reproductive,maternal, newborn and child health and nutrition (RMNCHN) program in Bihar, India.MethodsThree survey-based data sets were analysed to compare the health-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviours amongst childbearing women exposed to the Mobile Kunji and Dr. Anita mHealth tools during their visits with frontline workers compared with those who were unexposed.ResultsAn evaluation by Mathematica (2014) revealed that exposure to Mobile Kunji and Dr. Anita recordings were associated with significantly higher odds of consuming iron-folic acid tablets (odds ratio (OR) = 2.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.8-3.1) as well as taking a set of three measures for delivery preparedness (OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.9-4.2) and appropriate infant complementary feeding (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.0-3.5). CARE India's Community-based Household Surveys (2012-2017) demonstrated significant improvements in early breastfeeding (OR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.5-1.78) and exclusive breastfeeding (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.33-1.62) in addition to birth preparedness practices. BBC Media Action's Usage & Engagement Survey (2014) demonstrated a positive association between exposure to Mobile Kunji and Dr. Anita and exclusive breastfeeding (58% exposed vs 43% unexposed, P
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- 2020
10. Impact of the Ananya program on reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health and nutrition in Bihar, India: early results from a quasi-experimental study
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Darmstadt, Gary L, Weng, Yingjie, Pepper, Kevin T, Ward, Victoria C, Mehta, Kala M, Borkum, Evan, Bentley, Jason, Raheel, Hina, Rangarajan, Anu, Bhattacharya, Debarshi, Tarigopula, Usha Kiran, Nanda, Priya, Sridharan, Swetha, Rotz, Dana, Carmichael, Suzan L, Abdalla, Safa, Munar, Wolfgang, Atmavilas, Yamini, Carmichael, Suzan, Chaudhuri, Indrajit, Creanga, Andreea, Dutt, Priyanka, Irani, Laili, Mahapatra, Tanmay, Mitra, Radharani, Munar, Wolfgang A, Saggurti, Niranjan, Sastry, Padmapriya, Delhi, New, Shah, Hemant, Srikantiah, Sridhar, Ward, Victoria, Walker, Dilys, and Wilhelm, Jess
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Public Health ,Health Sciences ,Prevention ,Pediatric ,Reproductive health and childbirth ,Good Health and Well Being ,Child ,Child Health ,Female ,Health Promotion ,Humans ,India ,Infant Health ,Infant ,Newborn ,Maternal Health ,Nutritional Status ,Pilot Projects ,Pregnancy ,Program Evaluation ,Reproductive Health ,Ananya Study Group ,Public Health and Health Services ,Public health - Abstract
BackgroundThe Government of Bihar (GoB) in India, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and several non-governmental organisations launched the Ananya program aimed to support the GoB to improve reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health and nutrition (RMNCHN) statewide. Here we summarise changes in indicators attained during the initial two-year pilot phase (2012-2013) of implementation in eight focus districts of approximately 28 million population, aimed to inform subsequent scale-up.MethodsThe quasi-experimental impact evaluation included statewide household surveys at two time points during the pilot phase: January-April 2012 ("baseline") including an initial cohort of beneficiaries and January-April 2014 ("midline") with a new cohort. The two arms were: 1) eight intervention districts, and 2) a comparison arm comprised of the remaining 30 districts in Bihar where Ananya interventions were not implemented. We analysed changes in indicators across the RMNCHN continuum of care from baseline to midline in intervention and comparison districts using a difference-in-difference analysis.ResultsIndicators in the two arms were similar at baseline. Overall, 40% of indicators (20 of 51) changed significantly from baseline to midline in the comparison districts unrelated to Ananya; two-thirds (n = 13) of secular indicator changes were in a direction expected to promote health. Statistically significant impact attributable to the Ananya program was found for 10% (five of 51) of RMNCHN indicators. Positive impacts were most prominent for mother's behaviours in contraceptive utilisation.ConclusionsThe Ananya program had limited impact in improving health-related outcomes during the first two-year period covered by this evaluation. The program's theories of change and action were not powered to observe statistically significant differences in RMNCHN indicators within two years, but rather aimed to help inform program improvements and scale-up. Evaluation of large-scale programs such as Ananya using theory-informed, equity-sensitive (including gender), mixed-methods approaches can help elucidate causality and better explain pathways through which supply- and demand-side interventions contribute to changes in behaviour among the actors involved in the production of population-level health outcomes. Evidence from Bihar indicates that deep structural constraints in health system organisation and delivery of interventions pose substantial limitations on behaviour change among health care providers and beneficiaries.Study registrationClinicalTrials.gov number NCT02726230.
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- 2020
11. Implementing health communication tools at scale: mobile audio messaging and paper-based job aids for front-line workers providing community health education to mothers in Bihar, India
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Ward, Victoria, Abdalla, Safa, Raheel, Hina, Weng, Yingjie, Godfrey, Anna, Dutt, Priyanka, Mitra, Radharani, Sastry, Padmapriya, Chamberlain, Sara, Shannon, Melissa, Mehta, Kala, Bentley, Jason, Darmstadt, Gary L, Atmavilas, Yamini, Bhattacharya, Debarshi, Borkum, Evan, Carmichael, Suzan L, Chaudhuri, Indrajit, Creanga, Andreea, Irani, Laili, Krishnan, Suneeta, Mahapatra, Tanmay, Mehta, Kala M, Mitra, Radhirani, Munar, Wolfgang, Nanda, Priya, Pepper, Kevin, Rangarajan, Anu, Saggurti, Niranjan, Schooley, Janine, Shah, Hemant, Srikantiah, Sridhar, Tarigopula, Usha Kiran, Walker, Dilys, and Wilhelm, Jess
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Public Health ,Health Sciences ,Contraception/Reproduction ,Prevention ,Clinical Research ,Reproductive health and childbirth ,Good Health and Well Being ,Child ,Female ,Health Communication ,Health Education ,Humans ,India ,Infant Health ,Infant ,Newborn ,Mothers ,child health ,maternal health ,paediatrics ,prevention strategies ,public health ,Ananya Study Group ,Health services and systems ,Public health - Abstract
As part of an investment by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to support the Government of Bihar to improve reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health and nutrition (RMNCHN) statewide, BBC Media Action implemented multiple communication tools to support front-line worker (FLW) outreach. We analyse the impacts of a package of mHealth audio messaging and paper-based job aids used by FLWs during government-sponsored village health, sanitation and nutrition days (VHSNDs) on knowledge and practices of childbearing women across the RMNCHN continuum of care. Data from two surveys collected between July and September 2016 were analysed using logistic regression to compare health-related knowledge and behaviours between women who had been exposed at VHSNDs to the mHealth GupShup Potli (GSP) audio recordings or interpersonal communication (IPC) tools versus those who were unexposed. Exposure to GSP recordings (n=2608) was associated with improved knowledge across all continuum-of-care domains, as well as improved health-related behaviours in some domains. The odds of having taken iron-folic acid (IFA) tablets were significantly higher in exposed women (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.2), as was contraceptive use (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2 to 3.2). There were no differences in birth preparedness or complementary feeding practices between groups. Exposure to IPC paper-based tools (n=2002) was associated with a twofold increased odds of IFA consumption (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.7 to 3.2) and contraceptive use (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2 to 2.8). Women exposed to both tools were generally at least twice as likely to subsequently discuss the messages with others. BBC Media Action's mHealth audio messaging job aids and paper-based IPC tools were associated with improved knowledge and practices of women who were exposed to them across multiple domains, suggesting their important potential for improving health outcomes for beneficiaries at scale in low-resource settings. NCT02726230.
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- 2021
12. The Baylor University and Waco Independent School District: A Twenty-Five Year Partnership That Began with a Plan in a Van
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Goree, Krystal, Williams, Yolanda, Hamilton, Suzanne, Mathews-Perez, Amy, Talbert, Sandra, Strot, Rick, Barrett, Sara, Bolfing, Darlene, Miller, Sue, Almaguer, Dora, Gilbreath, David, Martinez, Donna, Rubio, Belinda, Ward, Victoria, Edison, Ricky, Henry, Marsha, Mechell, Rebecca, Pritchard, Melissa, and Welsh, Kaitlin
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The PDS partnership between Baylor University and Waco Independent School District commenced in 1993 in the context of a national conversation about innovations for improving teacher preparation and practice. During its 25-year history, the partnership has garnered national recognition, with Hillcrest PDS serving as one of 18 representative PDS partnerships to pilot the NCATE PDS standards project in 1995, its governance structure being shared as an exemplary model in the NCATE Blue Ribbon Report (NCATE, 2010), and most recently, recognized by NAPDS as one of three recipients of the 2018 Award for Exemplary Professional Development Achievement. The Baylor University and Waco Independent School District partnership continues to focus on the "NAPDS Nine Essentials" as it works diligently to address its core functions of student learning, pre-service teacher education, professional development, and research for the improvement of educational practice.
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- 2019
13. Improving primary health care delivery in Bihar, India: Learning from piloting and statewide scale-up of Ananya
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Darmstadt, Gary L, Pepper, Kevin T, Ward, Victoria C, Srikantiah, Sridhar, Mahapatra, Tanmay, Tarigopula, Usha Kiran, Bhattacharya, Debarshi, Irani, Laili, Schooley, Janine, Chaudhuri, Indrajit, Dutt, Priyanka, Sastry, Padmapriya, Mitra, Radharani, Chamberlain, Sara, Monaghan, Sophia, Nanda, Priya, Atmavilas, Yamini, Saggurti, Niranjan, Borkum, Evan, Rangarajan, Anu, Mehta, Kala M, Abdalla, Safa, Wilhelm, Jess, Weng, Yingjie, Carmichael, Suzan L, Raheel, Hina, Bentley, Jason, Munar, Wolfgang A, Creanga, Andreea, Trehan, Shamik, Walker, Dilys, and Shah, Hemant
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Health Services and Systems ,Public Health ,Health Sciences ,Health Services ,Clinical Research ,Prevention ,Pediatric ,8.1 Organisation and delivery of services ,Health and social care services research ,Reproductive health and childbirth ,Good Health and Well Being ,Child ,Delivery of Health Care ,Female ,Health Promotion ,Humans ,India ,Infant ,Newborn ,Maternal-Child Health Centers ,Primary Health Care ,Reproductive Health ,Public Health and Health Services ,Public health - Abstract
In 2010, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) partnered with the Government of Bihar (GoB), India to launch the Ananya program to improve reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health and nutrition (RMNCHN) outcomes. The program sought to address supply- and demand-side barriers to the adoption, coverage, quality, equity and health impact of select RMNCHN interventions. Approaches included strengthening frontline worker service delivery; social and behavior change communications; layering of health, nutrition and sanitation into women's self-help groups (SHGs); and quality improvement in maternal and newborn care at primary health care facilities. Ananya program interventions were piloted in approximately 28 million population in eight innovation districts from 2011-2013, and then beginning in 2014, were scaled up by the GoB across the rest of the state's population of 104 million. A Bihar Technical Support Program provided techno-managerial support to governmental Health as well as Integrated Child Development Services, and the JEEViKA Technical Support Program supported health layering and scale-up of the GoB's SHG program. The level of support at the block level during statewide scale-up in 2014 onwards was approximately one-fourth that provided in the pilot phase of Ananya in 2011-2013. This paper - the first manuscript in an 11-manuscript and 2-viewpoint collection on Learning from Ananya: Lessons for primary health care performance improvement - seeks to provide a broad description of Ananya and subsequent statewide adaptation and scale-up, and capture the background and context, key objectives, interventions, delivery approaches and evaluation methods of this expansive program. Subsequent papers in this collection focus on specific intervention delivery platforms. For the analyses in this series, Stanford University held key informant interviews and worked with the technical support and evaluation grantees of the Ananya program, as well as leadership from the India Country Office of the BMGF, to analyse and synthesise data from multiple sources. Capturing lessons from the Ananya pilot program and statewide scale-up will assist program managers and policymakers to more effectively design and implement RMNCHN programs at scale through technical assistance to governments.
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- 2020
14. Health layering of self-help groups: impacts on reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health and nutrition in Bihar, India
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Mehta, Kala M, Irani, Laili, Chaudhuri, Indrajit, Mahapatra, Tanmay, Schooley, Janine, Srikantiah, Sridhar, Abdalla, Safa, Ward, Victoria, Carmichael, Suzan L, Bentley, Jason, Creanga, Andreea, Wilhelm, Jess, Tarigopula, Usha Kiran, Bhattacharya, Debarshi, Atmavilas, Yamini, Nanda, Priya, Weng, Yingjie, Pepper, Kevin T, Darmstadt, Gary L, Borkum, Evan, Carmichael, Suzan, Dutt, Priyanka, Mitra, Radharani, Munar, Wolfgang A, Raheel, Hina, Rangarajan, Anu, Saggurti, Niranjan, Sastry, Padmapriya, Shah, Hemant, and Walker, Dilys
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Public Health ,Health Sciences ,Prevention ,Reproductive health and childbirth ,Good Health and Well Being ,Adult ,Child Health ,Empowerment ,Female ,Health Education ,Health Status ,Humans ,India ,Infant ,Infant Health ,Infant ,Newborn ,Male ,Maternal Health ,Nutritional Status ,Pregnancy ,Reproductive Health ,Sanitation ,Self-Help Groups ,Ananya Study Group ,Public Health and Health Services ,Public health - Abstract
BackgroundSelf-help group (SHG) interventions have been widely studied in low and middle income countries. However, there is little data on specific impacts of health layering, or adding health education modules upon existing SHGs which were formed primarily for economic empowerment. We examined three SHG interventions from 2012-2017 in Bihar, India to test the hypothesis that health-layering of SHGs would lead to improved health-related behaviours of women in SHGs.MethodsA model for health layering of SHGs - Parivartan - was developed by the non-governmental organisation (NGO), Project Concern International, in 64 blocks of eight districts. Layering included health modules, community events and review mechanisms. The health layering model was adapted for use with government-led SHGs, called JEEViKA+HL, in 37 other blocks of Bihar. Scale-up of government-led SHGs without health layering (JEEViKA) occurred contemporaneously in 433 other blocks, providing a natural comparison group. Using Community-based Household Surveys (CHS, rounds 6-9) by CARE India, 62 reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health and nutrition (RMNCHN) and sanitation indicators were examined for SHGs with health layering (Pavivartan SHGs and JEEViKA+HL SHGs) compared to those without. We calculated mean, standard deviation and odds ratios of indicators using surveymeans and survey logistic regression.ResultsIn 2014, 64% of indicators were significantly higher in Parivartan members compared to non-members residing in the same blocks. During scale up, from 2015-17, half (50%) of indicators had significantly higher odds in health layered SHG members (Parivartan or JEEViKA+HL) in 101 blocks compared to SHG members without health layering (JEEViKA) in 433 blocks.ConclusionsHealth layering of SHGs was demonstrated by an NGO-led model (Parivartan), adapted and scaled up by a government model (JEEViKA+HL), and associated with significant improvements in health compared to non-health-layered SHGs (JEEViKA). These results strengthen the evidence base for further layering of health onto the SHG platform for scale-level health change.Study registrationClinicalTrials.gov number NCT02726230.
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- 2020
15. Trends in reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health and nutrition indicators during five years of piloting and scaling-up of Ananya interventions in Bihar, India
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Abdalla, Safa, Weng, Yingjie, Mehta1, Kala M, Mahapatra, Tanmay, Srikantiah, Sridhar, Shah, Hemant, Ward, Victoria C, Pepper, Kevin T, Bentley, Jason, Carmichael, Suzan L, Creanga, Andreea, Wilhelm, Jess, Tarigopula, Usha Kiran, Nanda, Priya, Bhattacharya, Debarshi, Atmavilas, Yamini, Darmstadt, Gary L, Borkum, Evan, Chaudhuri, Indrajit, Dutt, Priyanka, Delhi, New, Irani, Laili, Krishnan, Suneeta, Mehta, Kala M, Francisco, San, Mitra, Radhirani, Munar, Wolfgang, Raheel, Hina, Rangarajan, Anu, Saggurti, Niranjan, Sastry, Padmapriya, Schooley, Janine, and Walker, Dilys
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Public Health ,Health Sciences ,Health Services ,Pediatric ,Prevention ,Clinical Research ,Reproductive health and childbirth ,Generic health relevance ,Good Health and Well Being ,Child ,Child Health ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Female ,Health Promotion ,Health Status Indicators ,Humans ,India ,Infant Health ,Infant ,Newborn ,Maternal Health ,Nutritional Status ,Pilot Projects ,Pregnancy ,Program Evaluation ,Reproductive Health ,Ananya Study Group ,Public Health and Health Services ,Public health - Abstract
BackgroundThe Ananya program in Bihar implemented household and community-level interventions to improve reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health and nutrition (RMNCHN) in two phases: a first phase of intensive ancillary support to governmental implementation and innovation testing by non-government organisation (NGO) partners in eight focus districts (2012-2014), followed by a second phase of state-wide government-led implementation with techno-managerial assistance from NGOs (2014 onwards). This paper examines trends in RMNCHN indicators in the program's implementation districts from 2012-2017.MethodsEight consecutive rounds of cross-sectional Community-based Household Surveys conducted by CARE India in 2012-2017 provided comparable data on a large number of indicators of frontline worker (FLW) performance, mothers' behaviours, and facility-based care and outreach service delivery across the continuum of maternal and child care. Logistic regression, considering the complex survey design and sample weights generated by that design, was used to estimate trends using survey rounds 2-5 for the first phase in the eight focus districts and rounds 6-9 for the second phase in all 38 districts statewide, as well as the overall change from round 2-9 in focus districts. To aid in contextualising the results, indicators were also compared amongst the formerly focus and the non-focus districts at the beginning of the second phase.ResultsIn the first phase, the levels of 34 out of 52 indicators increased significantly in the focus districts, including almost all indicators of FLW performance in antenatal and postnatal care, along with mother's birth preparedness, some breastfeeding practices, and immunisations. Between the two phases, 33 of 52 indicators declined significantly. In the second phase, the formerly focus districts experienced a rise in the levels of 14 of 50 indicators and a decline in the levels of 14 other indicators. There was a rise in the levels of 22 out of 50 indicators in the non-focus districts in the second phase, with a decline in the levels of 13 other indicators.ConclusionsImprovements in indicators were conditional on implementation support to program activities at a level of intensity that was higher than what could be achieved at scale so far. Successes during the pilot phase of intensive support suggests that RMNCHN can be improved statewide in Bihar with sufficient investments in systems performance improvements.Study registrationClinicalTrials.gov number NCT02726230.
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- 2020
16. Geospatial variations in trends of reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health and nutrition indicators at block level in Bihar, India, during scale-up of Ananya program interventions
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Abdalla, Safa, Pair, Emma, Mehta1, Kala M, Ward, Victoria C, and Darmstadt, Gary L
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Public Health ,Health Sciences ,Prevention ,Pediatric ,Contraception/Reproduction ,Reproductive health and childbirth ,Good Health and Well Being ,Bayes Theorem ,Child Health ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Female ,Humans ,India ,Infant ,Infant Health ,Infant ,Newborn ,Lot Quality Assurance Sampling ,Maternal Health ,Nutritional Status ,Pregnancy ,Reproductive Health ,Spatio-Temporal Analysis ,Public Health and Health Services ,Public health - Abstract
BackgroundGeographical variations in the levels and trajectory of health indicators at local level can inform the adaptation of interventions and development of targeted approaches for efficient scale-up of intervention impact. We examined the hypothesis that time trends of a set of reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health and nutrition (RMNCHN) indicators varied at block-level during the statewide scale-up phase of the Ananya program in Bihar, India.MethodsWe used data on 22 selected indicators from four rounds of the Community-based Household Survey carried out between 2014 and 2017. Indicator levels at each round were estimated for each block. We used hierarchical Bayesian spatiotemporal modelling to smooth the raw estimates for each block with the estimates from its neighbouring blocks, and to examine space-time interaction models for evidence of variations in trends of indicators across blocks. We expressed the uncertainty around the smoothed levels and the trends with 95% credible intervals.ResultsThere was evidence of variations in trends at block level in all but three indicators: facility delivery, public facility delivery, and age-appropriate initiation of complementary feeding. Fifteen indicators showed trends in opposite directions (increases in some blocks and declines in others). All blocks had at least 97.5% probability of a rise in immediate breastfeeding, early pregnancy registration, and having at least four antenatal care visits. All blocks had at least 97.5% probability of a decline in seeking care for pregnancy complications.ConclusionsThe findings underscore the value of monitoring and evaluation at local level for targeted implementation of RMNCHN interventions. There is a need for identifying systematic factors leading to universal trends, or variable contextual or implementation factors leading to variable trends, in order to optimise primary health care program impact.Study registrationClinicalTrials.gov number NCT02726230.
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- 2020
17. Immunogenicity of COVID‐19 vaccines in patients with follicular lymphoma receiving frontline chemoimmunotherapy.
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Lim, Yeong Jer, Ward, Victoria, Brown, Anthony, Phillips, Eloise, Kronsteiner, Barbara, Malone, Tom, Jennings, Daisy, Healy, Saoirse, Longet, Stephanie, James, Timothy, Thomson, Paul, Farrell, Liam, Oates, Melanie, Jackson, Richard, Morrison, Andrew, Burns, Matthew, Carroll, Miles, Klenerman, Paul, Turtle, Lance, and Naisbitt, Dean
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- *
FOLLICULAR lymphoma , *VACCINE immunogenicity , *ANTIBODY formation , *T cells , *IMMUNE response - Abstract
Summary: Immune responses to primary COVID‐19 vaccination were investigated in 58 patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) as part of the PETReA trial of frontline therapy (EudraCT 2016–004010‐10). COVID‐19 vaccines (BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1) were administered before, during or after cytoreductive treatment comprising rituximab (depletes B cells) and either bendamustine (depletes CD4+ T cells) or cyclophosphamide‐based chemotherapy. Blood samples obtained after vaccine doses 1 and 2 (V1, V2) were analysed for antibodies and T cells reactive to the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein using the Abbott Architect and interferon‐gamma ELISpot assays respectively. Compared to 149 healthy controls, patients with FL exhibited lower antibody but preserved T‐cell responses. Within the FL cohort, multivariable analysis identified low pre‐treatment serum IgA levels and V2 administration during induction or maintenance treatment as independent determinants of lower antibody and higher T‐cell responses, and bendamustine and high/intermediate FLIPI‐2 score as additional determinants of a lower antibody response. Several clinical scenarios were identified where dichotomous immune responses were estimated with >95% confidence based on combinations of predictive variables. In conclusion, the immunogenicity of COVID‐19 vaccines in FL patients is influenced by multiple disease‐ and treatment‐related factors, among which B‐cell depletion showed differential effects on antibody and T‐cell responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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18. Community health worker perspectives on advocacy: design-based research to develop a digital advocacy training course.
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Job, Nophiwe, Johnston, Jamie Sewan, Westgate, Carey, Skinner, Nadine Ann, Ward, Victoria, and Ballard, Madeleine
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- 2024
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19. Exploring the role of community health organizations in promoting public health during a health crisis: a qualitative study of COVID-19 responses in South Africa and Zambia
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Johnston, Jamie Sewan, primary, Zhang Aluri, Kelly, additional, Job, Nophiwe, additional, Kuhnert, Kira-Leigh, additional, Prober, Charles, additional, Ward, Victoria, additional, and Skinner, Nadine Ann, additional
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- 2023
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20. Design preferences for global scale: a mixed-methods study of “glocalization” of an animated, video-based health communication intervention
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Adam, Maya, Chase, Rachel P., McMahon, Shannon A., Kuhnert, Kira-Leigh, Johnston, Jamie, Ward, Victoria, Prober, Charles, and Bärnighausen, Till
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- 2021
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21. International clinical assessment of smell: An international, cross‐sectional survey of current practice in the assessment of olfaction.
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Whitcroft, Katherine L., Alobid, Isam, Altundag, Aytug, Andrews, Peter, Carrie, Sean, Fahmy, Miriam, Fjældstad, Alexander W., Gane, Simon, Hopkins, Claire, Hsieh, Julien Wen, Huart, Caroline, Hummel, Thomas, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Landis, Baslie N., Mori, Eri, Mullol, Joaquim, Philpott, Carl, Poulios, Aristotelis, Vodička, Jan, and Ward, Victoria M.
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PATIENT reported outcome measures ,OLFACTOMETRY ,SMELL ,SMELL disorders ,NONPROBABILITY sampling - Abstract
Objectives: Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is common and carries significant personal and societal burden. Accurate assessment is necessary for good clinical and research practice but is highly dependent on the assessment technique used. Current practice with regards to UK/international clinical assessment is unknown. We aimed to capture current clinical practice, with reference to contemporaneously available guidelines. We further aimed to compare UK to international practice. Design: Anonymous online questionnaire with cross‐sectional non‐probability sampling. Subgroup analysis according to subspeciality training in rhinology ('rhinologists' and 'non‐rhinologists') was performed, with geographical comparisons only made according to subgroup. Participants: ENT surgeons who assess olfaction. Results: Responses were received from 465 clinicians (217 from UK and 17 countries total). Country‐specific response rate varied, with the lowest rate being obtained from Japan (1.4%) and highest from Greece (72.5%). Most UK clinicians do not perform psychophysical smell testing during any of the presented clinical scenarios—though rhinologists did so more often than non‐rhinologists. The most frequent barriers to testing related to service provision (e.g., time/funding limitations). Whilst there was variability in practice, in general, international respondents performed psychophysical testing more frequently than those from the UK. Approximately 3/4 of all respondents said they would like to receive training in psychophysical smell testing. Patient reported outcome measures were infrequently used in the UK/internationally. More UK respondents performed diagnostic MRI scanning than international respondents. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive UK‐based, and only international survey of clinical practice in the assessment of OD. We present recommendations to improve practice, including increased education and funding for psychophysical smell testing. We hope this will promote accurate and reliable olfactory assessment, as is the accepted standard in other sensory systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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22. Exploring the role of community health organizations in promoting public health during a health crisis: a qualitative study of COVID-19 responses in South Africa and Zambia.
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Johnston, Jamie Sewan, Zhang Aluri, Kelly, Job, Nophiwe, Kuhnert, Kira-Leigh, Prober, Charles, Ward, Victoria, and Skinner, Nadine Ann
- Abstract
While the COVID-19 pandemic amplified the need for accurate and actionable health information, uncertainty and the proliferation of misinformation have contributed to significant mistrust in public health messages, especially among marginalized communities. Community health organizations can play an important role in creating trust and providing targeted health information to vulnerable groups. This qualitative study, which is focused on community health organizations supporting vulnerable populations in South Africa and Zambia, finds that during the pandemic, community health organizations expanded their roles and leveraged their established access and trust to support the communities they serve with health education and services. However, the reliance on external support limits the organizations' ability to respond in an effective and efficient manner during health crises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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23. P1095: COVID-19 VACCINE RESPONSES IN FOLLICULAR LYMPHOMA: DETERMINANTS OF HUMORAL AND CELLULAR IMMUNITY IN THE PETREA TRIAL OF FRONTLINE CHEMOIMMUNOTHERAPY
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Jer Lim, Yeong, primary, Ward, Victoria, additional, Farrell, Liam, additional, Naisbitt, Dean, additional, Brown, Anthony, additional, Phillips, Eloise, additional, Thomson, Paul, additional, Oates, Melanie, additional, Jackson, Richard, additional, Morrison, Andrew, additional, Burns, Matthew, additional, Klenerman, Paul, additional, Turtle, Lance, additional, Rhodes, Malcolm, additional, Robinson, Kate, additional, Gatto, Simona, additional, Young, Moya, additional, Eyre, Toby A, additional, Eyre, David W., additional, Dunachie, Susanna, additional, Barnes, Eleanor, additional, and Pettitt, Andrew, additional
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- 2023
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24. Characterizing Sensory Phenotypes of Subgroups with a Known Genetic Etiology Pertaining to Diagnoses of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability
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Hudac, Caitlin M., primary, Friedman, Nicole R., additional, Ward, Victoria R., additional, Estreicher, Rachel E., additional, Dorsey, Grace C., additional, Bernier, Raphael A., additional, Kurtz-Nelson, Evangeline C., additional, Earl, Rachel K., additional, Eichler, Evan E., additional, and Neuhaus, Emily, additional
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- 2023
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25. Quantitative Evaluation of Biologic Therapy Options for Psoriasis: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
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Jabbar-Lopez, Zarif K., Yiu, Zenas Z.N., Ward, Victoria, Exton, Lesley S., Mohd Mustapa, M. Firouz, Samarasekera, Eleanor, Burden, A. David, Murphy, Ruth, Owen, Caroline M., Parslew, Richard, Venning, Vanessa, Warren, Richard B., and Smith, Catherine H.
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- 2017
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26. The Use of Open-Source Online Course Content for Training in Public Health Emergencies: Mixed Methods Case Study of a COVID-19 Course Series for Health Professionals
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Skinner, Nadine Ann, primary, Job, Nophiwe, additional, Krause, Julie, additional, Frankel, Ariel, additional, Ward, Victoria, additional, and Johnston, Jamie Sewan, additional
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- 2023
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27. Evaluating the impact of a mobile phone messaging intervention on postnatal care: Cluster randomized trial in four states in India
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Murthy, Seema, Ward, Victoria, Yan, Shirley, and Johnston, Jamie
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Maternal and Child Health ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Women's Health ,Public Health - Abstract
This study investigates the impact of a health education messaging intervention delivered via the mobile application, WhatsApp, on postnatal best practices among new mothers in four states in India. The study will assess changes in the knowledge and practices of new mothers and will examine differences in outcomes for mothers whose family caregivers also received health education messages.
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- 2023
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28. Dynamic cognitive inhibition in the context of frustration: Increasing racial representation of adolescent athletes using mobile community-engaged EEG methods
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Hudac, Caitlin M., primary, Wallace, Jessica S., additional, Ward, Victoria R., additional, Friedman, Nicole R., additional, Delfin, Danae, additional, and Newman, Sharlene D., additional
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- 2022
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29. SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses post-vaccination in UK healthcare workers with pre-existing medical conditions: a cohort study
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Ward, Victoria, primary, Wei, Jia, additional, Gordon, William, additional, Barnes, Eleanor, additional, Dunachie, Susie, additional, Jeffery, Katie, additional, Eyre, David, additional, and O’Donnell, Anne-Marie, additional
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- 2022
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30. Real world external validation of metabolic gestational age assessment in Kenya
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Hawken, Steven, primary, Ward, Victoria, additional, Bota, A. Brianne, additional, Lamoureux, Monica, additional, Ducharme, Robin, additional, Wilson, Lindsay A., additional, Otieno, Nancy, additional, Munga, Stephen, additional, Nyawanda, Bryan O., additional, Atito, Raphael, additional, Stevenson, David K., additional, Chakraborty, Pranesh, additional, Darmstadt, Gary L., additional, and Wilson, Kumanan, additional
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- 2022
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31. Improving the precision of maternal, newborn, and child health impact through geospatial analysis of the association of contextual and programmatic factors with health trends in Bihar, India
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Abdalla, Safa, primary, Pair, Emma, additional, Mehta, Kala, additional, Ward, Victoria, additional, Mahapatra, Tanmay, additional, and Darmstadt, Gary L, additional
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- 2022
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32. What Knowledge and Conceptions Do Irish Primary Schoolteachers Hold on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder?
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Ward, Victoria Ann
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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis rates have increased significantly in recent times. A teacher's role is crucial in determining if a child will be referred for an ADHD assessment. Teachers' opinions and observations are also required for and play a huge role in the actual assessment process. For this reason, their knowledge of ADHD is also an important part of this process. This research has measured, on a small scale, Irish primary schoolteacher's knowledge and conceptions about ADHD using the Knowledge of Attention Deficit Disorders Scale (KADDS) questionnaire. Ninety teachers participated in the research from 11 primary schools in County Clare. A quantitative method was utilised enabling the research to be comparable with other pieces of research using the same questionnaire. Data in relation to the teachers' professional background were also gathered in order to analyse significant differences based on a variety of factors. The results were analysed as prescribed in KADDS test manual using the statistical software package SPSS. This research shows that Irish primary schoolteachers are more knowledgeable in regards to ADHD symptoms and diagnosis than they are in the areas of associated features or treatments. It also shows that knowledge levels of Irish primary schoolteachers are higher than teachers in earlier research using the same questionnaire.
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- 2014
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33. Use of open-source online course content for training in public health emergencies: Evidence from COVID-19 education for health professionals (Preprint)
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Skinner, Nadine Ann, primary, Job, Nophiwe, additional, Krause, Julie, additional, Frankel, Ariel, additional, Ward, Victoria, additional, and Johnston, Jamie, additional
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- 2022
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34. Unlocking the global health potential of dried blood spot cards
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Bota, Brianne, primary, Ward, Victoria, additional, Lamoureux, Monica, additional, Santander, Emeril, additional, Ducharme, Robin, additional, Hawken, Steven, additional, Potter, Beth K, additional, Atito, Raphael, additional, Nyamanda, Bryan, additional, Munga, Stephen, additional, Otieno, Nancy, additional, Chakraborty, Sowmitra, additional, Saha, Samir, additional, Stringer, Jeffrey SA, additional, Mwape, Humphrey, additional, Price, Joan T, additional, Mujuru, Hilda Angela, additional, Chimhini, Gwendoline, additional, Magwali, Thulani, additional, Chakraborty, Pranesh, additional, Darmstadt, Gary L, additional, and Wilson, Kumanan, additional
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- 2022
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35. Sneezing
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Sethi, Neeraj, primary and Ward, Victoria, additional
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- 2017
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36. The development and design of the European Board of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Examination (EBEORL-HNS)
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Luxenberger, Wolfgang, Ward, Victoria M. M., Nikolaou, Angelos, Neudert, Marcus, Bien, Stanislaw, Eichhorn, Thomas, Loppönen, Heikki, Wild, Dominik, Meco, Cem, de la Mota, Maria, and Albegger, Klaus
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- 2016
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37. Admission avoidance in acute epistaxis: A prospective national audit during the initial peak of the COVID‐19 pandemic
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Smith, Matthew E., Swords, Chloe, Rocke, John P. J., Walker, Abigail, Bryan, James E., Milinis, Kristijonas, Mathew, Rajeev G., Jones, Gareth H., McLaren, Oliver, Hutson, Kristian, Slovick, Anna, Hopkins, Claire, Harries, Philip G., Heward, Elliot, Shakeel, Muhammad, Gomati, Anas, Bance, Manohar, Lancaster, Jeffrey, Gaskell, Peter, Smyth, Catherine, Dorris, Colm, Kelly, Andrew, McCrory, David, Bhatt, Yogesh M., Jama, Guled M., Morgan, Montio, Perkins, Victoria, Spraggs, Paul, Khosla, Shivun, Takwoingi, Yohanna, Gopala‐Krishnan, Srinish, Strachan, David, Omakobia, Eugene, Puvanendran, Mark, Myuran, Tharsika, Rennie, Catherine, Devabalan, Yadsan, Cardozo, Arun, Tse, Antonia, McRae, Duncan, Burgan, Omar T., Reddy, Ekambar, Wright, Brendan, Kara, Naveed, Ivy, Ashleigh, Williams, Richard, Walkden, Alex, Quraishi, Muhammad, Stobbs, Nicola, Chatzimichalis, Michail, Elston, Emily, Khemani, Sameer, Liu, Alison, Kirkland, Paul, Vasanthan, Rishi, Miah, Mohammed, Lee, Kristina, Mclarnon, Claire, Williams, Mark R, Okonkwo, Okechukwu, Mughal, Zahir, Karagama, Yakubu, Xie, Carol, De, Mriganka, Amlani, Aakash, Jassar, Patrick, Cao, Han, Patil, Sachin, Philpott, Carl, Meghji, Sheneen, Das, Sudip, Cole, Simon, Vijendren, Ananth, Ally, Munira, Kothari, Prasad, Schechter, Eyal, Ranganathan, Baskaran, Advani, Rajeev, Toma, Shamim, Haymes, Adam, Shakir, Adam, Yap, Darren, Costello, Rhodri, Evans, Louise, Chisholm, Edward, Ojha, Shilpa, Spielmann, Patrick, Steven, Richard, Supriya, Mrinal, Mathew, Elizabeth, Masood, Ajmal, Dewhurst, Samuel, Ward, Victoria, Haigh, Thomas, Patiar, Shalini, Nemeth, Zsofia, Terry, Roland, Vithlani, Rohan, Bowyer, Duncan, Yang, Ding, Monksfield, Peter, Muzaffar, Jameel, Siddiq, Azher, Whittaker, Joshua D, Ramakrishnan, Yujay, Vakharia, Nilesh, Cain, Angus, Cooper, Fergus, Izzat, Steve, Nair, Dilip, Tan, Shawn, Daudia, Anu, Gilchrist, Jennifer, Tan, Neil, Kim, Min, Singh, Vijay, Hallett, Emma, Ray, Jaydip, Yu, Beverley, DeCarpentier, John, Chandrasekar, Bhargavi, Bhimrao, Sanjiv, Eastwood, Michael, Sunkaraneni, Vishnu S., Patel, Jamie, Moore, Andrew, Shetty, Prajwal, Mawby, Thomas, Shelton, Fenella, Jindal, Mudit, Yao, Alexander, Geyer, Marcel, Lowe, Emily, Jones, Huw, Ghasemi, Aria Amir, Trinidade, Aaron, Hardy, Alistair, Little, Sarah, Munroe‐Gray, Tiffany, Bennett, Alex, Li, Lucy, Khalid‐Raja, Mamoona, McNally, George, Thomas, George, Elmorsy, Mohamed, Williams, Clare, Zammit, Matthew, Seymour, Kay, Warner, Elinor, Potter, Chris, Easto, Rachel, Shaida, Azhar, Forde, Cillian T., Karamchandani, Dheeraj, Gill, Charn, Syed, Irfan, Walker, David, Stewart, Kirsten, Simmons, Mark, Abou‐Foul, Ahmad K, Bathala, Srinivasalu, Emerson, Hannah, Almeyda, John, Leadon, Madeline, Fahmy, Fahmy, Kaleva, Anna I., Moorthy, Ram, Bates, James, Wasson, Joseph, Selwyn, Anya, Daultrey, Charles, Patel, Sanjay, Siau, Derrick, Sawant, Rupali, Moore, Phillip, and Ali, Faiza
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Referral ,Secondary care ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Clinical Protocols ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,National audit ,Medical Audit ,Adult patients ,business.industry ,COVID-19 ,Emergency department ,United Kingdom ,Hospitalization ,Epistaxis ,Otorhinolaryngology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Acute Disease ,Emergency medicine ,Ambulatory ,Female ,Emergency Service, Hospital ,business - Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To report changes in practice brought about by COVID-19 and the implementation of new guidelines, and to explore factors relating to unscheduled re-presentations for patients discharged from the emergency department (ED). DESIGN: Prospective multicentre national audit over 12 weeks from 6th April 2020. SETTING: UK secondary care ENT departments. PARTICIPANTS: Adult patients with acute epistaxis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Re-presentation within 10 days for patients discharged from the ED. RESULTS: Eighty three centres from all four UK nations submitted 2631 valid cases. The majority of cases were ED referrals (89.7%, n = 2358/2631). 54.6% were discharged from the ED following ENT review (n = 1267/2322), of whom 19.5% re-presented within 10 days (n = 245/1259) and 6.8% were ultimately admitted (n = 86/1259). 46.7% of patients had a non-dissolvable pack inserted by ED prior to referral to ENT (n = 1099/2355). The discharge rates for ED patients and their subsequent re-presentation rates were as follows: non-dissolvable packs, 29.5% discharged (n = 332/1125), 18.2% re-presented (n = 60/330); dissolvable products, 71.1% discharged (n = 488/686), 21.8% re-presented (n = 106/486); cautery only, 89.2% discharged (n = 247/277), 20.0% re-presented (n = 49/245); and no intranasal intervention, 85.5% discharged (n = 200/234), 15.2% re-presented (n = 30/198). Univariable logistic regression showed that not being packed by ED, antiplatelet medications, failed cautery and recent epistaxis treatment were significant predictors of re-presentation within 10 days. CONCLUSIONS: Management of acute epistaxis was notably affected during the initial peak of the pandemic, with a shift towards reduced admissions. This national audit highlights that many patients who may previously have been admitted to hospital may be safely discharged from the ED following acute epistaxis.
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- 2021
38. Benefits of frenulotomy in infants with ankyloglossia
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Sethi, Neeraj, Smith, Dominique, Kortequee, Sahr, Ward, Victoria M.M., and Clarke, Susan
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- 2013
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39. Digital Education for Health Professionals: An Evidence Map, Conceptual Framework, and Research Agenda
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Tudor Car, Lorainne, primary, Poon, Selina, additional, Kyaw, Bhone Myint, additional, Cook, David A, additional, Ward, Victoria, additional, Atun, Rifat, additional, Majeed, Azeem, additional, Johnston, Jamie, additional, van der Kleij, Rianne M J J, additional, Molokhia, Mariam, additional, V Wangenheim, Florian, additional, Lupton, Martin, additional, Chavannes, Niels, additional, Ajuebor, Onyema, additional, Prober, Charles G, additional, and Car, Josip, additional
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- 2022
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40. Lactate, Base Excess, and the Pediatric Index of Mortality: Exploratory Study of an International, Multicenter Dataset
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Morris, Kevin P., primary, Kapetanstrataki, Melpo, additional, Wilkins, Barry, additional, Slater, Anthony J., additional, Ward, Victoria, additional, and Parslow, Roger C., additional
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- 2022
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41. The Relationship with Exchange Traded Derivatives
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Ward, Victoria and Cavalla, Nick
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- 1993
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42. A Strategy for the Evaluation of Activities to Reduce Maternal Mortality in Developing Countries.
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Ward, Victoria M.
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An evaluation strategy in which a set of process indicators is applied to programs to reduce maternal mortality in developing countries is presented. The four-stage strategy is illustrated for three interventions: (1) providing safe abortion services; (2) increasing knowledge of obstetric complications; and (3) improving medical care quality. (SLD)
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- 1994
43. A novel way of determining gestational age upon the birth of a child
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Wilson, Kumanan, primary, Ward, Victoria, additional, Chakraborty, Pranesh, additional, and Darmstadt, Gary L, additional
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- 2021
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44. Digital Education for Health Professionals: An Evidence Map, Conceptual Framework, and Research Agenda (Preprint)
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Tudor Car, Lorainne, primary, Poon, Selina, additional, Kyaw, Bhone Myint, additional, Cook, David A, additional, Ward, Victoria, additional, Atun, Rifat, additional, Majeed, Azeem, additional, Johnston, Jamie, additional, van der Kleij, Rianne M J J, additional, Molokhia, Mariam, additional, V Wangenheim, Florian, additional, Lupton, Martin, additional, Chavannes, Niels, additional, Ajuebor, Onyema, additional, Prober, Charles G, additional, and Car, Josip, additional
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- 2021
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45. The Comparability of Focus Group and Survey Results: Three Case Studies.
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Ward, Victoria M.
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Focus group findings were compared with survey findings for three studies in which both methods were used. Studies conducted on voluntary sterilization in Guatemala, Honduras, and Zaire with over 2,000 subjects confirm that focus groups yield information similar to that obtained from surveys and are useful in program planning. (SLD)
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- 1991
46. Admission avoidance in tonsillitis and peritonsillar abscess: A prospective national audit during the initial peak of the COVID‐19 pandemic
- Author
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Hardman, John C, Swords, Chloe, Rocke, John P J, Walker, Abigail, Bryan, James E, Milinis, Kristijonas, Mathew, Rajeev G, Jones, Gareth H, McLaren, Oliver, Smith, Matthew E, Hutson, Kristian, Slovick, Anna, McNally, George, Burgess, Andrea, Shakeel, Muhammad, Gomati, Anas, Bance, Manohar, Lancaster, Jeffrey, Maple, Natalie, Smyth, Catherine, Dorris, Colm, Kelly, Andrew, McCrory, David, MBhatt, Yogesh, Jama, Guled M, Morgan, Montio, Perkins, Victoria, Spraggs, Paul, Geyton, Thomas, Takwoingi, Yohanna, Gopala‐Krishnan, Srinish, Strachan, David, Taylor, Robert, Puvanendran, Mark, Egan, Matthew, Rennie, Catherine, Cereceda‐Monteoliva, Nicholas, Cardozo, Arun, Tse, Antonia, McRae, Duncan, Burgan, Omar T, Reddy, Ekambar, Wright, Brendan, Kara, Naveed, Walters, Holt, Williams, Richard, Walkden, Alex, Quraishi, Muhammad, Stobbs, Nicola, Chatzimichalis, Michail, Elston, Emily, Khemani, Sameer, Fang, Sean, Kirkland, Paul, Vasanthan, Rishi, Miah, Mohammed, Lee, Kristina, Mclarnon, Claire, Williams, Mark R, Okonkwo, Okechukwu, Mughal, Zahir, Karagama, Yakubu, Xie, Carol, De, Mriganka, Amlani, Aakash, Jassar, Patrick, Cao, Han, Patil, Sachin, Wong, Billy, Philpott, Carl, Meghji, Sheneen, Das, Sudip, Cole, Simon, Vijendren, Ananth, Ally, Munira, Kothari, Prasad, Schechter, Eyal, Ranganathan, Baskaran, Advani, Rajeev, Toma, Shamim, Haymes, Adam, Shakir, Adam, Yap, Darren, Costello, Rhodri, Wallace, Jennifer, Chisholm, Edward, Ojha, Shilpa, Spielmann, Patrick, Steven, Richard, Supriya, Mrinal, Mathew, Elizabeth, Masood, Ajmal, Dewhurst, Samuel, Ward, Victoria, Darwich, Ayman, Patiar, Shalini, Nemeth, Zsofia, Terry, Roland, Vithlani, Rohan, Bowyer, Duncan, Yang, Ding, Monksfield, Peter, Corbett, Peter, Siddiq, Azher, Whittaker, Joshua D, Ramakrishnan, Yujay, Cho, Wai Sum, Cain, Angus, Mondal, Bobby, Izzat, Steve, Ainine, Amru, Nair, Dilip, Tan, Shawn, Daudia, Anu, Gilchrist, Jennifer, Tan, Neil, Kim, Min, Truro, Singh, Vijay, Hallett, Emma, Ray, Jaydip, Yu, Beverley, DeCarpentier, John, Chandrasekar, Bhargavi, Bhimrao, Sanjiv, Eastwood, Michael, Sunkaraneni, Vishnu S, Lee, Chang Woo, Moore, Andrew, Shetty, Prajwal, Mawby, Thomas, Bisson, Elspeth, Jindal, Mudit, Yao, Alexander, Geyer, Marcel, Mohammed, Omnya, Jones, Huw, Ghasemi, Aria Amir, Trinidade, Aaron, Hardy, Alistair, Little, Sarah, Munroe‐Gray, Tiffany, Bennett, Alex, Li, Lucy, Khalid‐Raja, Mamoona, Thomas, George, Elmorsy, Mohamed, Williams, Clare, Zammit, Matthew, Seymour, Kay, Warner, Elinor, Potter, Chris, Easto, Rachel, Shaida, Azhar, Elshahhat, Mohamed, Karamchandani, Dheeraj, Gill, Charn, Syed, Irfan, Walker, David, Stewart, Kirsten, Simmons, Mark, Abou‐Foul, Ahmad K, Bathala, Srinivasalu, Emerson, Hannah, Almeyda, John, Pericleous, Agamemnon, Fahmy, Fahmy, Kaleva, AnnaI, Moorthy, Ram, Bates, James, Wasson, Joseph, Selwyn, Anya, Daultrey, Charles, Patel, Sanjay, Siau, Derrick, Sawant, Rupali, Moore, Phillip, and Rajamanickan, Senthil Kumar
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Male ,Time Factors ,multicentre ,Tonsillitis ,ambulatory ,Comorbidity ,Patient Admission ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pandemic ,Ambulatory Care ,Medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Practice Patterns, Physicians' ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,Aged, 80 and over ,Acute Tonsillitis ,Disease Management ,Outpatient ,Middle Aged ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Ambulatory ,Female ,Original Article ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Ambulatory care ,stomatognathic system ,discharge ,Internal medicine ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,Humans ,observational ,Peritonsillar Abscess ,Pandemics ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Clinical Audit ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,COVID-19 ,Original Articles ,Emergency department ,medicine.disease ,United Kingdom ,Otorhinolaryngology ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Objectives To report changes in practice brought about by COVID‐19 and the implementation of new guidelines for the management of tonsillitis and peritonsillar abscess (PTA), and to explore factors relating to unscheduled re‐presentations for patients discharged from the emergency department (ED). Design Prospective multicentre national audit over 12 weeks from 6 April 2020. Setting UK secondary care ENT departments. Participants Adult patients with acute tonsillitis or PTA. Main outcome measures Re‐presentation within 10 days for patients discharged from the ED. Results 83 centres submitted 765 tonsillitis and 416 PTA cases. 54.4% (n = 410) of tonsillitis and 45.3% (187/413) of PTAs were discharged from ED. 9.6% (39/408) of tonsillitis and 10.3% (19/184) of PTA discharges re‐presented within 10 days, compared to 9.7% (33/341) and 10.6% (24/224) for those admitted from ED. The subsequent admission rate of those initially discharged from ED was 4.7% for tonsillitis and 3.3% for PTAs. IV steroids and antibiotics increased the percentage of patients able to swallow from 35.8% to 72.5% for tonsillitis (n = 270/754 and 441/608) and from 22.3% to 71.0% for PTA (n = 92/413 and 265/373). 77.2% of PTAs underwent drainage (n = 319/413), with no significant difference in re‐presentations in those drained vs not‐drained (10.6% vs 9.5%, n = 15/142 vs 4/42, P = .846). Univariable logistic regression showed no significant predictors of re‐presentation within 10 days. Conclusions Management of tonsillitis and PTA changed during the initial peak of the pandemic, shifting towards outpatient care. Some patients who may previously have been admitted to hospital may be safely discharged from the ED.
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- 2021
47. Exploring Sociocultural Barriers to Family Planning Among Mayans in Guatemala
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Ward, Victoria M., Bertrand, Jane T., and Puac, Francisco
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- 1992
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48. Additional file 2 of Design preferences for global scale: a mixed-methods study of 'glocalization' of an animated, video-based health communication intervention
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Adam, Maya, Chase, Rachel P., McMahon, Shannon A., Kuhnert, Kira-Leigh, Johnston, Jamie, Ward, Victoria, Prober, Charles, and Bärnighausen, Till
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Additional file 2. Interview Guide (used for the in-depth interviews in this study).
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- 2021
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49. Knowledge management: A case study
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Ward, Victoria and Alexander, Jane
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- 1997
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50. Managing Persistent Hypertension and Tachycardia Following Septic Shock, Limb Ischemia, and Amputation: The Role for β-Blockade
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Brewster, Ryan, primary, Lee, July, additional, Nguyen, Elizabeth, additional, and Ward, Victoria, additional
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- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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