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376 results on '"Wegiel, J."'

1. The Early Detection of Brain Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease

Author

de Leon, M. J., Smith, G., Convit, A., George, A. E., Golomb, J., Flicker, C., McRae, T., Kluger, A., Tsui, W., Rusinek, H., Ferris, S. H., Reisberg, B., Ciaravino, J., Wegiel, J., Narkiewicz, O., Wisniewski, H., Wolf, A. P., Christen, Yves, editor, and Churchland, Patricia S., editor

Published
1992
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2. Site of Formation of Beta-Protein Amyloid Fibrils

Author

Wisniewski, H. M., Wegiel, J., Kida, E., Burrage, T., Currie, J., Natvig, Jacob B., editor, Førre, Øystein, editor, Husby, Gunnar, editor, Husebekk, Anne, editor, Skogen, Bjørn, editor, Sletten, Knut, editor, and Westermark, Per, editor

Published
1991
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27. Hippocampal Cerebrospinal Fluid Spaces on MR Imaging: Relationship to Aging and Alzheimer Disease

Author

yi li, Li, J., Segal, S., Wegiel, J., Santi, S., Zhan, J., and Leon, M. J.

Subjects
Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Male, Aging, Alzheimer Disease, Brain, Humans, Female, Middle Aged, Hippocampus, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Aged, Cerebrospinal Fluid
Abstract

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Perihippocampal fissures (PHFs) and hippocampal sulcus residual cavities (HSCs) are common findings in the MR imaging examination of the hippocampus in aging and Alzheimer disease (AD); however, little is known about how to distinguish them or their relative clinical relevance. We hypothesized that prominence of the HSC, unlike PHF, is not significantly influenced by the hippocampal atrophy related to aging or AD. METHODS: We studied and evaluated these hippocampal CSF spaces on MR imaging scans from 130 normal control (NC) subjects (20–90 years of age) and 27 AD patients. RESULTS: HSC is poorly correlated with age and is not related to the magnitude of hippocampal atrophy. There is no significant difference of HSCs between AD and age-matched NCs, but in the extremely high HSCs group (top 20%), 91% of cases are NC. PHFs, on the other hand, are strongly correlated with age and are valuable in the diagnosis of AD. Location and communication with ambient cistern is the key to distinguish HSC from PHF. CONCLUSION: Identifying hippocampal atrophy (enlarged PHF) may be particularly challenging in the presence of HSC. Distinguishing among the CSF spaces in hippocampus may help in the radiologic evaluation of hippocampal atrophy. Patients with extremely high HSCs (>8.4) can be excluded from AD risk with 93% specificity.

Published
2006

28. Pathological changes in the liver of a senescence accelerated mouse strain (SAMP8): A mouse model for the study of liver diseases

Author

Ye, X., Meeker, H.C., Kozlowski, P.B., Wegiel, J., Wang, K.C., Imaki, H., and Carp, R.I.

Subjects
6 - Ciencias aplicadas::61 - Medicina [CDU], Fatty liver, Fibrosis
Abstract

Liver disease is characterized by fatty liver, hepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis and is a major cause of illness and death worldwide. The prevalence of liver diseases highlights the need for animal models for research on the mechanism of disease pathogenesis and efficient and cost-effective treatments. Here we show that a senescence-accelerated mouse strain (SAMP8 mice), displays severe liver pathology, which is not seen in senescence-resistant mice (SAMR1). The livers of SAMP8 mice show fatty degeneration, hepatocyte death, fibrosis, cirrhotic changes, inflammatory mononuclear cell infiltration and sporadic neoplastic changes. SAMP8 mice also show abnormal liver function tests: significantly increased levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Furthermore, titers of murine leukemia virus are higher in livers of SAMP8 than in those of SAMR1 mice. Our observations suggest that SAMP8 mouse strain is a valuable animal model for the study of liver diseases. The possible mechanisms of liver damage in SAMP8 mice are also discussed.

Published
2004

29. Characterization of the Pathological and Biochemical Markers that Correlate the Clinical Features of Autism

Author

RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE INC STATEN ISLAND NY, Chauhan, Abha, Gu, F, Ji, L, Muthaiyah, B, Essa, M M, Barua, M, Wegiel, J, Brown, W T, RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE INC STATEN ISLAND NY, Chauhan, Abha, Gu, F, Ji, L, Muthaiyah, B, Essa, M M, Barua, M, Wegiel, J, and Brown, W T

Abstract

Brain tissue is highly heterogeneous with different functions localized in specific areas. Our results suggest that there is increased oxidative damage (as evidenced by increased lipid peroxidation, protein and DNA oxidation) coupled with reduced glutathione antioxidant capacity in the selective regions of the brain in the subjects with autism. These changes in autism were specific to the frontal cortex, temporal cortex and cerebellum, while parietal and occipital cortices were not affected. Free radicals and energy (ATP) are generated by the mitochondria in the cell with the help of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complexes. We have also reported brain region-specific deficit in mitochondrial ETC complexes in children with autism. Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are complex neurodevelopmental disorders. The complexity of ASDs is further increased because some affected individuals fall in the sub-group of regressive autism. We have reported that individuals with regressive autism have decreased activities of protein kinases, i.e. protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC) in the frontal cortex of the brain. Such changes were not observed in individuals with non-regressive autism. These results suggest that abnormal cellular signaling in the frontal lobe of the brain may be associated with regression in autism., The original document contains color images.

Published
2013

30. Cytochemical study of the involvement of cell organelles in formation and accumulation of fibrillar amyloid in the pancreas of NORß transgenic mice

Author

Dobrogowska, D. H., Vorbrodt, A. W., Wegiel, J., Wang, K. C., Shoji, M., Mondadori, C., Polatis, G., Giovanni, A., and Wisniewski, H. M.

Subjects
5 - Ciencias puras y naturales::57 - Biología::576 - Biología celular y subcelular. Citología [CDU], Transgenic mice, Amyloid-ß, Pancreas, Cytoplasmic organelles, Cytochemcial marker
Abstract

Ph osphatase ultrastructural cytoc hemistry was used to evalu ate the participation of cytopl asmic orga nell es in the accumulation of fibrillar amyloid /3 (A13) in exocrine acinar cells and in macrophages of the pancreas of transgenic mice overexpressing a carboxyterminal fragment of A/3 protein prec urso r (A/3PP). Nu cleosid e diph os phata se (N DPase) and glucose-6- ph os ph atase (G6Pase) we re used as cy toc hemi cal markers of the endopl asmi c reti culum (ER), thi amine pyroph osphatase (TPPase) as a ma rke r of th e Golgi apparatu s (GA), and acid phosph atase (AcPase) as a marker of Iysosomes. Monoclonal antibody 4G8 raised aga inst the 17-24 aa sequence of human A/3 protein was used for immunogold loca li za tion of fibrill ar A/3. The results of this study indicate that the fo rmation of A13 in acinar cells occurs directl y in the vacuolar areas of the rough ER (RER) without evident participati on of the elements of the GA, whereas an intimate structural relation with primary Iysosomes suggests their role in modification or digestion of the deposited amyloid. In macrophagcs, fibrillar amyloid was prese nt in numerous cytoplasmic vacuoles located frequ entl y in close proximit y to fl attened saccul es of the ER. This structural pattern revea led simil arity to that observed prev iously in mi croglial cells producing fibrill ar PrP amyloid in scrapi e-infected mice and A/3 in brains of human eld erl y pati ents and in Alzheimer's type brain pathology.

Published
2001

31. Characterization of the Pathological and Biochemical Markers that Correlate to the Clinical Features of Autism

Author

RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE INC STATEN ISLAND NY, Chauhan, Abha, Gu, F, Ji, L, Barua, M, Muthaiyah, B, Essa, M M, Wegiel, J, Brown, W T, RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE INC STATEN ISLAND NY, Chauhan, Abha, Gu, F, Ji, L, Barua, M, Muthaiyah, B, Essa, M M, Wegiel, J, and Brown, W T

Abstract

Brain tissue is highly heterogeneous with different functions localized in specific areas. Our results suggest that there is increased oxidative damage coupled with reduced glutathione antioxidant capacity in the selective regions of the brain in the subjects with autism. These changes in autism were specific to the frontal cortex, temporal cortex and cerebellum, while parietal and occipital cortices were not affected. Free radicals and energy (ATP) are generated by the mitochondrial in the cell with the help of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complexes. We have also reported brain region-specific deficit in mitochondrial ETC complexes in children.with autism. Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are complex neurodevelopmental disorders. The complexity of ASDs is further increased because some affected individuals fall in the sub-group of regressive autism. We report here that individuals with regressive autism have decreased activities of protein kinases, i.e. protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC) in the frontal cortex of the brain. Such changes were not observed in individuals with non-regressive autism. These results suggest that abnormal cellular signaling in the frontal lobe of the brain may be associated with regression in autism.

Published
2012

32. ARTIFICIAL IMMUNE SYSTEM BASED IMAGE PATTERN RECOGNITION IN ENERGY EFFICIENT WIRELESS MULTIMEDIA SENSOR NETWORKS

Author

Wang, Honggang, Peng, Dongming, Wang, Wei, Sharif, Hamid, Wegiel, J., Nguyen, D., Bowne, R., Backhaus, C., Wang, Honggang, Peng, Dongming, Wang, Wei, Sharif, Hamid, Wegiel, J., Nguyen, D., Bowne, R., and Backhaus, C.

Abstract

In Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs), low cost Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) camera sensors may only produce low resolution images due to hardware limitations. However, super-resolution images may be constructed from these low resolution images in a multiple sensor network, improving object pattern recognition success rates. There is a critical image recognition challenge in these reconstructed superresolution images for accuracy, complexity and limited energy resource in wireless sensor networks. Artificial Immune Systems (AIS), in particular those possessing algorithmic efficiency for image pattern differentiation, categorization and recognition, have potential advantages in low-cost automated monitoring and object detection applications. In this paper, we study the application of AIS for distributed and collaborative image pattern recognition in wireless multimedia sensor networks possessing energy efficient image communications and insitu image content processing. Our contributions are two fold. First, we propose an innovative approach involving dimension reduction to accelerate the AIS algorithm within an environment of low cost computing and efficient data transmission among the wireless sensor nodes. Second, a sleep control algorithm is proposed to reduce the image redundancies in order to achieve energy efficiency while guaranteeing the object recognition success rate in dynamic WMSN topology. Simulation results have demonstrated that the proposed approaches gain significant performance improvements in energy efficiency and in-network image content processing for WMSN. The algorithmic and simulation works are validated with the field data in collaborations between the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Raytheon Company.

Published
2008

34. High levels of circulating beta-amyloid peptide do not cause cerebral beta-amyloidosis in transgenic mice

Author

Fukuchi, K., Ho, L., Younkin, S. G., Kunkel, D. D., Ogburn, C. E., LeBoeuf, R. C., Furlong, C. E., Deeb, S. S., Nochlin, D., Wegiel, J., Wisniewski, H. M., and Martin, G. M.

Subjects
Cerebral Cortex, Male, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Myocardium, Blotting, Western, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Mice, Transgenic, Amyloidosis, Immunohistochemistry, Peptide Fragments, Blotting, Southern, Disease Models, Animal, Mice, Intestine, Small, Animals, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Female, RNA, Messenger, Research Article
Abstract

We have established transgenic mice that constitutively overproduce the signal sequence and the 99-amino-acid carboxyl-terminal region of the human beta-amyloid precursor protein. The transgenic mice strongly expressed the transgene in multiple tissues under the control of a cytomegalovirus enhancer/chick beta-actin promoter. There were exceptionally high levels of beta-amyloid peptides in the plasma (approximately 17 times or more compared with the human plasma level). Although some transgenic mice from one founder line developed amyloidosis in the intestine, no neuropathology was found in transgenic mice up to age 29 months. Given the absence of cerebral beta-amyloidosis despite extremely high levels of circulating beta-amyloid peptides in the transgenic mice, the results suggest that local cerebral metabolism of beta-amyloid precursor protein may play a predominant role in cerebral beta-amyloidosis in transgenic mice. Such transgenic mice may be useful for the investigation of the etiology of the disease and for the establishment of therapeutic strategies.

Published
1996

35. Numerical experiments with upgraded WRF/NOAHLSM model

Author

Tewari, M., Chen, F., Wang, W., Dudhia, J., LeMone, M.A., Mitchell, K., Ek, M., Wegiel, J., Cuenca, R.H., Tewari, M., Chen, F., Wang, W., Dudhia, J., LeMone, M.A., Mitchell, K., Ek, M., Wegiel, J., and Cuenca, R.H.

Published
2005

37. Implementation and verification of the unified noah land surface model in the WRF model

Author

Tewari, M., Chen, F., Wang, W., Dudhia, J., LeMone, M.A., Mitchell, K., Ek, M., Gayno, G., Wegiel, J., Cuenca, R.H., Tewari, M., Chen, F., Wang, W., Dudhia, J., LeMone, M.A., Mitchell, K., Ek, M., Gayno, G., Wegiel, J., and Cuenca, R.H.

Abstract

The general performance of the weather research and forecast (WRF)/Noah land surface model (LSM) coupled models was evaluated and the impact of land surface heterogeneity on coupled WRF model simulations was studied. For these verifications, the surface observations from the International H2O Project 2002 (IHOP) field experiment were used. The WRF performance heavily depends on the variation of the soil moisture during the entire period of integration for particular sites. The results show that the model simulates the diurnal cycle and aids in capturing the heterogeneity in surface heat fluxes among different IHOP stations.

Published
2004

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