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Based on the Gibbs free energy minimization principle, thermodynamic analysis and process simulation of the redox reactions between the NOx precursors (NH3 and HCN) and Fe2O3 (oxygen carrier) during the sludge chemical looping gasification were performed using the software of HSC Chemistry 6.0. According to the content of NOx precursors during the sludge pyrolysis, the effect of the molar ratio of oxygen carrier to the sludge (OC/SS) on the oxidation of NH3, HCN, and the mixed gas of NH3 and HCN were investigated. The simulation results showed that the oxidation of NOx precursors was effectively promoted by Fe2O3, the N element was mainly converted to N2 and almost no NOx was formed. The OC/SS ratio of 0.02, 0.04, and 0.05 were determined to achieve the complete conversion of NOx precursors as well as minimize the amount of oxygen carrier when the NH3, HCN, and the mixed gas of NH3 and HCN were used as the reductants, respectively. Additionally, the oxidation rate of HCN was higher than that of NH3 due to the stronger reducibility of HCN. Furthermore, the yields of NOx precursors during the sludge pyrolysis and the sludge chemical looping gasification were compared in a fixed bed. It was found that the yields of NOx precursors in the flue gas were significantly reduced by Fe2O3, and the yields of HCN and NH3 decreased by 62% and 32%, respectively. The thermodynamic analysis was validated by the experiment results, and the chemical looping gasification of sludge was beneficial to inhibit the generation of the NOx. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Core–shell Fe2O3/Pt nanoparticles with amorphous iron oxide cores are successfully synthesized by a two-step chemical reduction strategy. The Pt loading can be adjusted using this preparation technique to obtain a series of chemical compositions with varying amounts of Pt precursors. The morphology, structure, and composition of the as-prepared nanoparticles are characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Electrocatalytic characteristics are systematically investigated by electrochemical techniques, such as cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Compared with the E-TEK 40 wt% Pt/C catalyst, the as-made Fe2O3/Pt nanoparticles exhibit superior catalytic activity with lower peak potential and enhanced CO2 selectivity toward methanol electrooxidation in acidic medium. The highest activity is achieved by core–shell Fe2O3/Pt nanoparticles with a Fe/Pt atomic ratio of 2:1 (A g−1 of Pt) or 3:1 (mA cm−2). These nanomaterials also show much higher structural stability and tolerance to the intermediates of methanol oxidation. Methanol electrooxidation reactions with higher performance can be achieved using core–shell nanoparticles with an amorphous iron oxide core and minimum Pt loading. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The mol-ecule of the title compound, C(26)H(28)O(5), is chiral with five stereogenic centres; however, the centrosymmetric triclinic group gives a racemic crystal. The fused ring system adopta boat conformation in which the cyclo-propane ring plane is roughly perpendicular to the styryl group plane, forming a dihedral angle of 74.78 (19)°. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 77.24 (6)°.

Objective: To investigate the effect of Jinleng undershorts on the elevated scrotal temperature induced by varicocele as well as on other clinical symptoms of the disease., Methods: Fifty-one varicocele patients received the treatment of wearing Jinleng undershorts for 30 min twice a day for a course of 90 days. Comparisons were made between the scrotal temperatures and other clinical symptoms of varicocele before and after the treatment., Results: After 90 days of treatment with Jinleng undershorts, the left scrotal temperature of the varicocele patients was significantly reduced from (32.16 +/- 0.79) degrees C to (31.53 +/- 0.77) degrees C (P < 0.01), and the right scrotal temperature decreased from (31.91 +/- 0.73) degrees C to (31.81 +/- 0.63) degrees C (P > 0.05). Compared with pretreatment, significant improvement was found in such symptoms as wetness, fever and swelling of the scrotum, backache, headache, dizziness, fatigue and anxiety (P < 0.05), as well as in testicular pain (P < 0.01) and IIEF-5 score, which was increased from 15.89 +/- 6.13 to 20.04 +/- 3.87 (P < 0.01)., Conclusion: Jinleng undershorts can be used for the treatment of mild and moderate varicocele.