Search

Behavioral reasoning of communication radiation sources refers to inferring their behavioral patterns and target intentions through observing and analyzing the signals emitted by communication radiation sources. Especially under non-cooperative conditions, the reasoning behind the behavior of communication radiation sources plays an essential role in the fields of electronic reconnaissance and signal intelligence. This article first clarifies and summarizes the definition and classification of the behavior of communication radiation sources. It then elucidates the meaning of behavioral reasoning of communication radiation sources and further distinguishes the differences and connections between behavioral analysis and behavioral recognition. Subsequently, it reviews the key technologies of behavioral reasoning for communication radiation sources and compares the latest research based on clustering algorithms, classification algorithms, deep learning, and behavioral characteristics. Finally, it analyzes and forecasts the challenges and development of the technology for behavioral reasoning of communication radiation sources.

As the royal Taoist buildings of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644 CE), the Huilongguan temple site of Wudang Mountain represents the highest level of art and architecture of that era. Thanks at least in part to the quality and durability of building mortar materials, the part buildings of the Huilongguan temple site are still well preserved after 500 years of erosion by wind and rain. The present study conducted muti‐analytical techniques to explore the characterization of eight mortars from the Huilongguan temple site. The results indicate that the material formulae of these mortars from construction phases I–IV of the Ming dynasty were all sticky rice as the organic additive incorporated into the magnesian lime base, which originated from the calcination of dolomitic limestone. The contents of Ca carbonate in the studied mortar samples are about 39–66%; the design of mortar groundmass presents differences due to various building purposes. Different from sharp‐edged rhombohedral calcite crystals of pure lime mortar, irregular nano‐scale calcite crystals were found in the studied samples due to sticky rice slurry regulating the growth of Ca carbonate as an inhibitor and template, which formed more compact organic–inorganic composite microstructures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study gives the element compositions and Pb isotope ratios of three lead ingots and three bronze artefacts unearthed from Yinxu, Anyang, Henan province, and two lead vessels from Zhengxiaozhuang tomb, Anhui province, China. The results of composition analysis show that three lead ingots in Yinxu may be the primary product of lead smelting. The lead wares unearthed in Zhengxiaozhuang tomb could be a kind of Mingqi‐funerary replicas. The results of Pb isotope analysis indicate that the culture exchanges between the Central Plains and the Jianghuai area in the late Shang dynasty. The decrease of bronzes with the highly radiogenic lead is consistent with the increase of Pb content in Yinxu bronzes simultaneously, which could be related to the change of lead source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Façade defects not only detract from the building's aesthetics but also compromise its performance. Furthermore, they potentially endanger pedestrians, occupants, and property. Existing deep-learning-based methodologies are facing some challenges in terms of recognition speed and model complexity. An improved YOLOv7 method, named BFD-YOLO, is proposed to ensure the accuracy and speed of building façade defects detection in this paper. Firstly, the original ELAN module in YOLOv7 was substituted with a lightweight MobileOne module to diminish the quantity of parameters and enhance the speed of inference. Secondly, the coordinate attention module was added to the model to enhance feature extraction capability. Next, the SCYLLA-IoU was used to expedite the rate of convergence and increase the recall of the model. Finally, we have extended the open datasets to construct a building façade damage dataset that includes three typical defects. BFD-YOLO demonstrates excellent accuracy and efficiency based on this dataset. Compared to YOLOv7, BFD-YOLO's precision and mAP@.5 are improved by 2.2% and 2.9%, respectively, while maintaining comparable efficiency. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method obtained higher detection accuracy with guaranteed real-time performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional sticky rice-lime mortar plays an important role in the restoration of Chinese historical buildings. However, its application in ancient building restoration is restricted due to some shortcomings of lime-based materials such as high shrinkage, low hardness in the early phase, cracking during carbonation, etc. In order to make better use of sticky rice-lime mortar, the research presented in this article evaluates the influence of admixtures (flax fiber, polypropylene fiber, and paper fiber) on the properties of traditional sticky rice-lime mortar by testing compressive and flexural strengths, surface hardness, drying shrinkage, water absorption, freezing-thawing cycles, carbonation degree, and through performing X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results revealed that three types of fibers ameliorated the mechanical strength, anti-shrinkage performance, durability, and microstructure of traditional sticky rice-lime mortar. 1.5% paper fiber was the most effective admixture to increase the mechanical properties and reduce the water absorption rates, and it improved the freeze–thaw cycles by more than 10 times; the incorporation of polypropylene fiber significantly reduced the drying shrinkage rates. In the practice of brick-stone cultural heritage conservation, it is recommended to consider adding paper fibers to improve the comprehensive performance of traditional sticky rice-lime mortar and adding polypropylene fibers to improve shrinkage resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to define the provenance of the raw material of the glazed tile bodies excavated at the site of Mingzhongdu (Fengyang, China), X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD) and inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometer (ICP‐MS) were used. A comparative analysis was performed using glazed tiles excavated from the Qiaojianzi kiln in Fengyang (FQY), a kiln in Dangtu (DY), Nanjing Ming Palace (NMGG) and Dabaoensi in Nanjing (DEBS). The data suggest that the clay of the glazed tiles in Mingzhongdu came from the local area, while the others were from Dangtu and unknown areas. Clays are usually more or less refined, and minerals such as quartz, feldspar and mullite are often added. This study provides a direct basis for the material source of the glazed tile body in Mingzhongdu, and offers some useful data for further study of the firing system of glazed tiles in Mingzhongdu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]