117,422 results on '"Weiner, A"'
Search Results
2. Correspondence: Are Belligerent Reprisals against Civilians Legal?
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Ford, Christopher A., Harvey, John R., Miller, Franklin C., Payne, Keith B., Roberts, Bradley H., Sagan, Scott D., and Weiner, Allen S.
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- 2021
3. 'So Hard, but so Rewarding:' How School System Leaders Are Scaling up Strategic School Staffing Models
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Arizona State University (ASU), Center on Reinventing Public Education (CRPE), Lisa Chu, Lydia Rainey, and Steven Weiner
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Innovative staffing models are promising, but challenging to scale up. What does the work of leading strategic staffing involve, and what could make scaling up easier? This report digs deep into the many challenges system leaders face when scaling up innovative staffing solutions. These leaders are trying to address longstanding teacher shortages and retention challenges by rethinking everything, including who they hire and how they design the job, provide support, build trust, and uproot old assumptions about the teaching role. The early results are promising: these leaders report fewer vacancies, higher staff satisfaction, and improved student learning experiences. This work is "so hard, but so rewarding"--and it could be much more manageable if policymakers, technical assistance providers, and researchers stepped up to share the load.
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- 2024
4. The Rule of Law and the Role of Strategy in U.S. Nuclear Doctrine
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Sagan, Scott D. and Weiner, Allen S.
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- 2021
5. No Thick Atmosphere on the Terrestrial Exoplanet Gl 486b
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Mansfield, Megan Weiner, Xue, Qiao, Zhang, Michael, Mahajan, Alexandra S., Ih, Jegug, Koll, Daniel, Bean, Jacob L., Coy, Brandon Park, Eastman, Jason D., Kempton, Eliza M. -R., Kite, Edwin S., and Lunine, Jonathan
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
A primary science goal for JWST is to detect and characterize the atmospheres of terrestrial planets orbiting M dwarfs (M-Earths). The existence of atmospheres on M-Earths is highly uncertain because their host stars' extended history of high XUV irradiation may act to completely remove their atmospheres. We present two JWST secondary eclipse observations of the M-Earth Gl 486b (also known as GJ 486b) between 5-12 $\mu$m. We combined these observations with a precise analysis of the host star parameters to derive a planetary dayside temperature of $T_{p}=865 \pm 14$ K. We compared this temperature to the maximum expected temperature for a zero albedo, zero heat redistribution bare rock and derived a temperature ratio of $R=\frac{T_{p,dayside}}{T_{p,max}}=0.97 \pm 0.01$. This value is consistent with an airless body with a slight non-zero albedo or a thin atmosphere with $<1$% H$_{2}$O or $<1$ ppm CO$_{2}$. However, it is inconsistent with an Earth- or Venus-like atmosphere, and the spectrum shows no clear emission or absorption features. Additionally, our observations are inconsistent with the water-rich atmospheric scenario allowed by previous transit observations and suggest the transmission spectrum was instead shaped by stellar contamination (Moran et al. 2023). Given the potential for atmospheric escape throughout the system's $\geq6.6$-Gyr lifetime (Diamond-Lowe et al. 2024), we conclude that the observations are likely best explained by an airless planet. This result is the most precise measurement yet of terrestrial exoplanet thermal emission with JWST, which places a strong constraint on the position of the "Cosmic Shoreline" between airless bodies and those with atmospheres., Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, submitted to ApJL
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- 2024
6. JWST Thermal Emission of the Terrestrial Exoplanet GJ 1132b
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Xue, Qiao, Bean, Jacob L., Zhang, Michael, Mahajan, Alexandra S., Ih, Jegug, Eastman, Jason D., Lunine, Jonathan I., Mansfield, Megan Weiner, Coy, Brandon P., Kempton, Eliza M. -R., Koll, Daniel D., and Kite, Edwin S.
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
We present thermal emission measurements of GJ 1132b spanning 5--12 um obtained with the Mid-Infrared Instrument Low-Resolution Spectrometer (MIRI/LRS) on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). GJ 1132b is an M-dwarf rocky planet with Teq=584 K and an orbital period of 1.6 days. We measure a white-light secondary eclipse depth of 140+/-17 ppm, which corresponds to a dayside brightness temperature of Tp,dayside= 709+/-31 K using improved star and planet parameters. This measured temperature is only 1 sigma below the maximum possible dayside temperature of a bare rock (i.e., assuming a zero albedo planet with no heat redistribution, Tmax = 746+14/-11 K). The emission spectrum is consistent with a featureless blackbody, which agrees with a wide range of possible surface compositions. By comparing forward models to the dayside emission spectrum, we rule out Earth-thickness (P ~ 1 bar) atmospheres with at least 1% H2O, atmospheres of any modeled thickness (10^-4 -- 10^2 bar) that contain at least 1% CO2, and thick, Venus-like atmospheres (P>~100 bar) with at least 1 ppm CO2 or H2O. We therefore conclude that GJ 1132b likely does not have a significant atmosphere. This finding supports the concept of a universal 'Cosmic Shoreline' given the high level of bolometric and XUV irradiation received by the planet., Comment: Accepted by ApJL
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- 2024
7. A Comprehensive Analysis Spitzer 4.5 $\mu$m Phase Curve of Hot Jupiters
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Dang, Lisa, Bell, Taylor J., Ying, Shu, Cowan, Nicolas B., Bean, Jacob L., Deming, Drake, Kempton, Eliza M. -R., Mansfield, Megan Weiner, Rauscher, Emily, Parmentier, Vivien, Stevenson, Kevin B., Swain, Mark, Kreidberg, Laura, Kataria, Tiffany, Désert, Jean-Michel, Zellem, Robert, Fortney, Jonathan J., Lewis, Nikole K., Line, Michael, Morley, Caroline, and Showman, Adam
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
Although exoplanetary science was not initially projected to be a substantial part of the Spitzer mission, its exoplanet observations set the stage for current and future surveys with JWST and Ariel. We present a comprehensive reduction and analysis of Spitzer's 4.5 micron phase curves of 29 hot Jupiters on low-eccentricity orbits. The analysis, performed with the Spitzer Phase Curve Analysis (SPCA) pipeline, confirms that BLISS mapping is the best detrending scheme for most, but not all, observations. Visual inspection remains necessary to ensure consistency across detrending methods due to the diversity of phase curve data and systematics. Regardless of the model selection scheme - whether using the lowest-BIC or a uniform detrending approach - we observe the same trends, or lack thereof. We explore phase curve trends as a function of irradiation temperature, orbital period, planetary radius, mass, and stellar effective temperature. We discuss the trends that are robustly detected and provide potential explanations for those that are not observed. While it is almost tautological that planets receiving greater instellation are hotter, we are still far from confirming dynamical theories of heat transport in hot Jupiter atmospheres due to the sample's diversity. Even among planets with similar temperatures, other factors like rotation and metallicity vary significantly. Larger, curated sample sizes and higher-fidelity phase curve measurements from JWST and Ariel are needed to firmly establish the parameters governing day-night heat transport on synchronously rotating planets., Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures, submitted to AAS journal
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- 2024
8. Geodynamics of super-Earth GJ 486b
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Meier, Tobias G., Bower, Dan J., Lichtenberg, Tim, Hammond, Mark, Tackley, Paul J., Pierrehumbert, Raymond T., Caballero, José A., Tsai, Shang-Min, Mansfield, Megan Weiner, Tosi, Nicola, and Baumeister, Philipp
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Physics - Geophysics - Abstract
Many super-Earths are on very short orbits around their host star and, therefore, more likely to be tidally locked. Because this locking can lead to a strong contrast between the dayside and nightside surface temperatures, these super-Earths could exhibit mantle convection patterns and tectonics that could differ significantly from those observed in the present-day solar system. The presence of an atmosphere, however, would allow transport of heat from the dayside towards the nightside and thereby reduce the surface temperature contrast between the two hemispheres. On rocky planets, atmospheric and geodynamic regimes are closely linked, which directly connects the question of atmospheric thickness to the potential interior dynamics of the planet. Here, we study the interior dynamics of super-Earth GJ 486b ($R=1.34$ $R_{\oplus}$, $M=3.0$ $M_{\oplus}$, T$_\mathrm{eq}\approx700$ K), which is one of the most suitable M-dwarf super-Earth candidates for retaining an atmosphere produced by degassing from the mantle and magma ocean. We investigate how the geodynamic regime of GJ 486b is influenced by different surface temperature contrasts by varying possible atmospheric circulation regimes. We also investigate how the strength of the lithosphere affects the convection pattern. We find that hemispheric tectonics, the surface expression of degree-1 convection with downwellings forming on one hemisphere and upwelling material rising on the opposite hemisphere, is a consequence of the strong lithosphere rather than surface temperature contrast. Anchored hemispheric tectonics, where downwellings und upwellings have a preferred (day/night) hemisphere, is favoured for strong temperature contrasts between the dayside and nightside and higher surface temperatures., Comment: 36 pages, 13 figures, resubmitted to JGR: Planets
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- 2024
9. Quantum nonlocal modulation cancellation with distributed clocks
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Chapman, Stephen D., Seshadri, Suparna, Lukens, Joseph M., Peters, Nicholas A., McKinney, Jason D., Weiner, Andrew M., and Lu, Hsuan-Hao
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Quantum Physics ,Physics - Optics - Abstract
We demonstrate nonlocal modulation of entangled photons with truly distributed RF clocks. Leveraging a custom radio-over-fiber (RFoF) system characterized via classical spectral interference, we validate its effectiveness for quantum networking by multiplexing the RFoF clock with one photon from a frequency-bin-entangled pair and distributing the coexisting quantum-classical signals over fiber. Phase modulation of the two photons reveals nonlocal correlations in excellent agreement with theory: in-phase modulation produces additional sidebands in the joint spectral intensity, while out-of-phase modulation is nonlocally canceled. Our simple, feedback-free design attains sub-picosecond synchronization -- namely, drift less than $\sim$0.5 ps in a 5.5 km fiber over 30 min (fractionally only $\sim$2$\times$10$^{-8}$ of the total fiber delay) -- and should facilitate frequency-encoded quantum networking protocols such as high-dimensional quantum key distribution and entanglement swapping, unlocking frequency-bin qubits for practical quantum communications in deployed metropolitan-scale networks.
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- 2024
10. Value Internalization: Learning and Generalizing from Social Reward
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Rong, Frieda and Kleiman-Weiner, Max
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Multiagent Systems - Abstract
Social rewards shape human behavior. During development, a caregiver guides a learner's behavior towards culturally aligned goals and values. How do these behaviors persist and generalize when the caregiver is no longer present, and the learner must continue autonomously? Here, we propose a model of value internalization where social feedback trains an internal social reward (ISR) model that generates internal rewards when social rewards are unavailable. Through empirical simulations, we show that an ISR model prevents agents from unlearning socialized behaviors and enables generalization in out-of-distribution tasks. We characterize the implications of incomplete internalization, akin to "reward hacking" on the ISR. Additionally, we show that our model internalizes prosocial behavior in a multi-agent environment. Our work provides a foundation for understanding how humans acquire and generalize values and offers insights for aligning AI with human values., Comment: Reinforcement Learning Conference (RLC) 2024 & Cognitive Science Conference Oral
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- 2024
11. Multilingual Trolley Problems for Language Models
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Jin, Zhijing, Levine, Sydney, Kleiman-Weiner, Max, Piatti, Giorgio, Liu, Jiarui, Adauto, Fernando Gonzalez, Ortu, Francesco, Strausz, András, Sachan, Mrinmaya, Mihalcea, Rada, Choi, Yejin, and Schölkopf, Bernhard
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Computer Science - Computation and Language - Abstract
As large language models (LLMs) are deployed in more and more real-world situations, it is crucial to understand their decision-making when faced with moral dilemmas. Inspired by a large-scale cross-cultural study of human moral preferences, "The Moral Machine Experiment", we set up the same set of moral choices for LLMs. We translate 1K vignettes of moral dilemmas, parametrically varied across key axes, into 100+ languages, and reveal the preferences of LLMs in each of these languages. We then compare the responses of LLMs to that of human speakers of those languages, harnessing a dataset of 40 million human moral judgments. We discover that LLMs are more aligned with human preferences in languages such as English, Korean, Hungarian, and Chinese, but less aligned in languages such as Hindi and Somali (in Africa). Moreover, we characterize the explanations LLMs give for their moral choices and find that fairness is the most dominant supporting reason behind GPT-4's decisions and utilitarianism by GPT-3. We also discover "language inequality" (which we define as the model's different development levels in different languages) in a series of meta-properties of moral decision making.
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- 2024
12. Teaching, Reinvented: How Unconventional Educator Roles Pave the Way for a More Fulfilling and Sustainable Profession
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Arizona State University (ASU), Center on Reinventing Public Education (CRPE) and Steven Weiner
- Abstract
As school systems struggle to recover from years of disruption, new programs, policies, and nontraditional organizations that support innovation in the teaching role will need to grow to support all students' learning. But what is it like to teach in new ways? What are the advantages and drawbacks? What brought educators to these unconventional roles and what might help them stay? This report addresses these questions through interviews with teachers who are serving in unconventional roles. Key findings include: (1) Across different contexts and instructional approaches, educators liked these unconventional roles; (2) The appeal came from increased autonomy and deeper personal connections, which cultivated a sense of ownership and investment; (3) There were downsides: autonomy could be isolating, collaboration could be tricky to get right, and innovation often meant more responsibility and less guidance from leadership; and (4) Educators expressed uncertainty about the sustainability of their unconventional roles, and many did not see themselves staying in the role for more than a few years.
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- 2023
13. A cross‐sectional study of α‐synuclein seed amplification assay in Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative: Prevalence and associations with Alzheimer's disease biomarkers and cognitive function
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Tosun, Duygu, Hausle, Zachary, Iwaki, Hirotaka, Thropp, Pamela, Lamoureux, Jennifer, Lee, Edward B, MacLeod, Karen, McEvoy, Sean, Nalls, Michael, Perrin, Richard J, Saykin, Andrew J, Shaw, Leslie M, Singleton, Andrew B, Lebovitz, Russ, Weiner, Michael W, Blauwendraat, Cornelis, and Initiative, for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Biological Psychology ,Clinical Sciences ,Neurosciences ,Psychology ,Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD) ,Aging ,Brain Disorders ,Acquired Cognitive Impairment ,Dementia ,Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (ADRD) ,Behavioral and Social Science ,Neurodegenerative ,Alzheimer's Disease ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies ,4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies ,Neurological ,Humans ,Alzheimer Disease ,alpha-Synuclein ,Biomarkers ,Male ,Female ,Aged ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,tau Proteins ,Amyloid beta-Peptides ,Neuroimaging ,Aged ,80 and over ,Prevalence ,Lewy Bodies ,Cognition ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Brain ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,Alzheimer's disease ,co-pathology ,Lewy body ,SAA ,Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative ,co‐pathology ,Geriatrics ,Clinical sciences ,Biological psychology - Abstract
IntroductionAlzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is defined by β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tau, but Lewy bodies (LBs; ?-synuclein aggregates) are a common co-pathology for which effective biomarkers are needed.MethodsA validated α-synuclein Seed Amplification Assay (SAA) was used on recent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 1638 Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) participants, 78 with LB-pathology confirmation at autopsy. We compared SAA outcomes with neuropathology, Aβ and tau biomarkers, risk-factors, genetics, and cognitive trajectories.ResultsSAA showed 79% sensitivity and 97% specificity for LB pathology, with superior performance in identifying neocortical (100%) compared to limbic (57%) and amygdala-predominant (60%) LB-pathology. SAA+ rate was 22%, increasing with disease stage and age. Higher Aβ burden but lower CSF p-tau181 associated with higher SAA+ rates, especially in dementia. SAA+ affected cognitive impairment in MCI and Early-AD who were already AD biomarker positive.DiscussionSAA is a sensitive, specific marker for LB-pathology. Its increase in prevalence with age and AD stages, and its association with AD biomarkers, highlights the clinical importance of α-synuclein co-pathology in understanding AD's nature and progression.HighlightsSAA shows 79% sensitivity, 97% specificity for LB-pathology detection in AD. SAA positivity prevalence increases with disease stage and age. Higher Aβ burden, lower CSF p-tau181 linked with higher SAA+ rates in dementia. SAA+ impacts cognitive impairment in early disease stages. Study underpins need for wider LB-pathology screening in AD treatment.
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- 2024
14. Rationally seeded computational protein design of ɑ-helical barrels.
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Albanese, Katherine, Petrenas, Rokas, Pirro, Fabio, Naudin, Elise, Borucu, Ufuk, Dawson, William, Scott, D, Leggett, Graham, Weiner, Orion, Oliver, Thomas, and Woolfson, Derek
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Escherichia coli ,Proteins ,Protein Conformation ,alpha-Helical ,Protein Engineering ,Models ,Molecular ,Peptides ,Computational Biology ,Amino Acid Sequence ,Protein Folding - Abstract
Computational protein design is advancing rapidly. Here we describe efficient routes starting from validated parallel and antiparallel peptide assemblies to design two families of α-helical barrel proteins with central channels that bind small molecules. Computational designs are seeded by the sequences and structures of defined de novo oligomeric barrel-forming peptides, and adjacent helices are connected by loop building. For targets with antiparallel helices, short loops are sufficient. However, targets with parallel helices require longer connectors; namely, an outer layer of helix-turn-helix-turn-helix motifs that are packed onto the barrels. Throughout these computational pipelines, residues that define open states of the barrels are maintained. This minimizes sequence sampling, accelerating the design process. For each of six targets, just two to six synthetic genes are made for expression in Escherichia coli. On average, 70% of these genes express to give soluble monomeric proteins that are fully characterized, including high-resolution structures for most targets that match the design models with high accuracy.
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- 2024
15. IGRINS observations of WASP-127 b: H$_2$O, CO, and super-Solar atmospheric metallicity in the inflated sub-Saturn
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Kanumalla, Krishna, Line, Michael R., Mansfield, Megan Weiner, Welbanks, Luis, Smith, Peter C. B., Bean, Jacob L., Pino, Lorenzo, Brogi, Matteo, and Panwar, Vatsal
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
High resolution spectroscopy of exoplanet atmospheres provides insights into their composition and dynamics from the resolved line shape and depth of thousands of spectral lines. WASP-127 b is an extremely inflated sub-Saturn (R$_\mathrm{p}$= 1.311 R$_\mathrm{Jup}$, M$_\mathrm{p}$= 0.16 M$_\mathrm{Jup}$) with previously reported detections of H$_2$O, CO$_2$, and Na. However, the seeming absence of the primary carbon reservoir expected at WASP-127 b temperatures (T$_{eq}$ $\sim$ 1400 K) from chemical equilibrium, CO, posed a mystery. In this manuscript, we present the analysis of high resolution observations of WASP-127 b with the Immersion GRating INfrared Spectrometer (IGRINS) on Gemini South. We confirm the presence of H$_2$O (8.67 $\sigma$) and report the detection of CO (4.34 $\sigma$). Additionally, we conduct a suite of Bayesian retrieval analyses covering a hierarchy of model complexity and self-consistency. When freely fitting for the molecular gas volume mixing ratios, we obtain super-solar metal enrichment for H$_2$O abundance of log$_{10}$X$_\mathrm{H_2O}$ = --1.23$^{+0.29}_{-0.49}$ and a lower limit on the CO abundance of log$_{10}$X$_\mathrm{CO}$ $\ge$ --2.20 at 2$\sigma$ confidence. We also report a tentative evidence of photochemistry in WASP-127 b based upon the indicative depletion of H$_2$S. This is also supported by the data preferring models with photochemistry over free-chemistry and thermochemistry. The overall analysis implies a super-solar ($\sim$ 39$\times$ Solar; [M/H] = $1.59^{+0.30}_{-0.30}$) metallicity for the atmosphere of WASP-127 b and an upper limit on its atmospheric C/O ratio as $<$ 0.68., Comment: 18 pages, 15 figures, submitted to AJ, poster at Exo5 conference area-A
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- 2024
16. Phase-resolving the absorption signatures of water and carbon monoxide in the atmosphere of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-121b with GEMINI-S/IGRINS
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Wardenier, Joost P., Parmentier, Vivien, Line, Michael R., Mansfield, Megan Weiner, Tan, Xianyu, Tsai, Shang-Min, Bean, Jacob L., Birkby, Jayne L., Brogi, Matteo, Désert, Jean-Michel, Gandhi, Siddharth, Lee, Elspeth K. H., Levens, Colette I., Pino, Lorenzo, and Smith, Peter C. B.
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
Ultra-hot Jupiters are among the best targets for atmospheric characterization at high spectral resolution. Resolving their transmission spectra as a function of orbital phase offers a unique window into the 3D nature of these objects. In this work, we present three transits of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-121b observed with Gemini-S/IGRINS. For the first time, we measure the phase-dependent absorption signals of CO and H$_{\text{2}}$O in the atmosphere of an exoplanet, and we find that they are different. While the blueshift of CO increases during the transit, the absorption lines of H$_{\text{2}}$O become less blueshifted with phase, and even show a redshift in the second half of the transit. These measurements reveal the distinct spatial distributions of both molecules across the atmospheres of ultra-hot Jupiters. Also, we find that the H$_{\text{2}}$O signal is absent in the first quarter of the transit, potentially hinting at cloud formation on the evening terminator of WASP-121b. To further interpret the absorption trails of CO and H$_{\text{2}}$O, as well as the Doppler shifts of Fe previously measured with VLT/ESPRESSO, we compare the data to simulated transits of WASP-121b. To this end, we post-processes the outputs of global circulation models with a 3D Monte-Carlo radiative transfer code. Our analysis shows that the atmosphere of WASP-121b is subject to atmospheric drag, as previously suggested by small hotspot offsets inferred from phase-curve observations. Our study highlights the importance of phase-resolved spectroscopy in unravelling the complex atmospheric structure of ultra-hot Jupiters and sets the stage for further investigations into their chemistry and dynamics., Comment: 24 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in PASP
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- 2024
17. Enhancing Exoplanet Ephemerides by Leveraging Professional and Citizen Science Data: A Test Case with WASP-77A b
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Noguer, Federico R., Corley, Suber, Pearson, Kyle A., Zellem, Robert T., Simon, Molly N., Burt, Jennifer A., Huckabee, Isabela, August, Prune C., Mansfield, Megan Weiner, Dalba, Paul A., Smith, Peter C. B., Banks, Timothy, Bell, Ira, Daniel, Dominique, Dawson, Lindsay, De Mula, Jesús, Deldem, Marc, Deligeorgopoulos, Dimitrios, Di Sisto, Romina P., Dymock, Roger, Evans, Phil, Follero, Giulio, Fowler, Martin J. F., Fernández-Lajús, Eduardo, Hamrick, Alex, Iannascoli, Nicoletta, Kovacs, Andre O., Kulh, Denis Henrique, Lopresti, Claudio, Marino, Antonio, Martin, Bryan E., Matassa, Paolo Arcangelo, Napoleão, Tasso Augusto, Nastasi, Alessandro, Norris, Anthony, Odasso, Alessandro, Paschalis, Nikolaos I., Pintr, Pavel, Postiglione, Jake, Randolph, Justus, Regembal, François, Rousselot, Lionel, da Silva, Sergio José Gonçalves, Smith, Andrew, and Tomacelli, Andrea
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics - Abstract
We present an updated ephemeris and physical parameters for the exoplanet WASP-77 A b. In this effort, we combine 64 ground- and space-based transit observations, 6 space-based eclipse observations, and 32 radial velocity observations to produce the most precise orbital solution to date for this target, aiding in the planning of James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and Ariel observations and atmospheric studies. We report a new orbital period of 1.360029395 +- 5.7e-8 days, a new mid-transit time of 2459957.337860 +- 4.3e-5 BJDTDB (Barycentric Julian Date in the Barycentric Dynamical Time scale; arXiv:1005.4415) and a new mid-eclipse time of 2459956.658192 +- 6.7e-5 BJDTDB. Furthermore, the methods presented in this study reduce the uncertainties in the planet mass to 1.6654 +- 4.5e-3 Mjup and orbital period to 1.360029395 +- 5.7e-8 days by factors of 15.1 and 10.9, respectively. Through a joint fit analysis comparison of transit data taken by space-based and citizen science-led initiatives, our study demonstrates the power of including data collected by citizen scientists compared to a fit of the space-based data alone. Additionally, by including a vast array of citizen science data from ExoClock, Exoplanet Transit Database (ETD), and Exoplanet Watch, we can increase our observational baseline and thus acquire better constraints on the forward propagation of our ephemeris than what is achievable with TESS data alone., Comment: Updated a co-author name. Added a co-author. Added an acknowledgement
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- 2024
18. Robust Nitrogen and Oxygen Abundances of Haro 3 from Optical and Infrared Emission
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Chen, Yuguang, Jones, Tucker, Sanders, Ryan L., Fadda, Dario, Sutter, Jessica, Minchin, Robert, Prusinski, Nikolaus Z., Rhoades, Sunny, GC, Keerthi Vasan, Steidel, Charles C., Huntzinger, Erin, Kelly, Paige, Berg, Danielle A., Bresolin, Fabio, Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo, Vaught, Ryan J. Rickards, Roberts-Borsani, Guido, Senchyna, Peter, Spilker, Justin S., Stark, Daniel P., Weiner, Benjamin, Martin, D. Christopher, Matuszewski, Mateusz, McGurk, Rosalie C., and Neill, James D.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
Accurate chemical compositions of star-forming regions are a critical diagnostic tool to characterize the star formation history and gas flows which regulate galaxy formation. However, the abundance discrepancy factor (ADF) between measurements from the "direct" optical electron temperature ($T_e$) method and from the recombination lines (RL) represents $\sim0.2$ dex systematic uncertainty in oxygen abundance. The degree of uncertainty for other elements is unknown. We conduct a comprehensive analysis of O$^{++}$ and N$^+$ ion abundances using optical and far-infrared spectra of a star-forming region within the nearby dwarf galaxy Haro 3, which exhibits a typical ADF. Assuming homogeneous conditions, the far-IR emission indicates an O abundance which is higher than the $T_e$ method and consistent with the RL value, as would be expected from temperature fluctuations, whereas the N abundance is too large to be explained by temperature fluctuations. Instead a component of highly obscured gas is likely required to explain the high far-IR to optical flux ratios. Accounting for this obscured component reduces both the IR-based metallicities and the inferred magnitude of temperature fluctuations, such that they cannot fully explain the ADF in Haro 3. Additionally, we find potential issues when predicting the RL fluxes from current atomic data. Our findings underscore the critical importance of resolving the cause of abundance discrepancies and understanding the biases between different metallicity methods. This work represents a promising methodology, and we identify further approaches to address the current dominant uncertainties., Comment: 18 pages, 7 figures, and 2 tables. Submitted to ApJ
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- 2024
19. Varying-constant cosmology from hyperlight, coupled scalars
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Baryakhtar, Masha, Simon, Olivier, and Weiner, Zachary J.
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Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
The fundamental constants at recombination can differ from their present-day values due to degeneracies in cosmological parameters, raising the possibility of yet-undiscovered physics coupled directly to the Standard Model. We study the cosmology of theories in which a new, hyperlight scalar field modulates the electron mass and fine-structure constant at early times. We find new degeneracies in cosmologies that pair early recombination with a new contribution to the matter density arising at late times, whose predictions can be simultaneously consistent with CMB and low-redshift distance measurements. Such "late dark matter" already exists in the Standard Model in the form of massive neutrinos, but is necessarily realized by the scalar responsible for shifting the early-time fundamental constants. After detailing the physical effects of varying constants and hyperlight scalar fields on cosmology, we find that variations of the electron mass and fine structure constant are constrained at the percent and permille level, respectively, and a hyperlight scalar in the mass range $10^{-32}~\mathrm{eV} \lesssim m_\phi \lesssim 10^{-28}~\mathrm{eV}$ can impact what variations are allowed while composing up to a percent of the present dark matter density. We comment on the potential for models with a varying electron mass to reconcile determinations of the Hubble constant from cosmological observations and distance-ladder methods, and we show that parameter inference varies significantly between recent baryon acoustic oscillation and type Ia supernova datasets., Comment: 50+18 pages, 19 figures
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- 2024
20. The metallicity and carbon-to-oxygen ratio of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-76b from Gemini-S/IGRINS
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Mansfield, Megan Weiner, Line, Michael R., Wardenier, Joost P., Brogi, Matteo, Bean, Jacob L., Beltz, Hayley, Smith, Peter, Zalesky, Joseph A., Batalha, Natasha, Kempton, Eliza M. -R., Montet, Benjamin T., Owen, James E., Plavchan, Peter, and Rauscher, Emily
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
Measurements of the carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratios of exoplanet atmospheres can reveal details about their formation and evolution. Recently, high-resolution cross-correlation analysis has emerged as a method of precisely constraining the C/O ratios of hot Jupiter atmospheres. We present two transits of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-76b observed between 1.4-2.4 $\mu$m with Gemini-S/IGRINS. We detected the presence of H$_{2}$O, CO, and OH at signal-to-noise ratios of 6.93, 6.47, and 3.90, respectively. We performed two retrievals on this data set. A free retrieval for abundances of these three species retrieved a volatile metallicity of $\left[\frac{\mathrm{C}+\mathrm{O}} {\mathrm{H}}\right]=-0.70^{+1.27}_{-0.93}$, consistent with the stellar value, and a super-solar carbon-to-oxygen ratio of C/O$=0.80^{+0.07}_{-0.11}$. We also ran a chemically self-consistent grid retrieval, which agreed with the free retrieval within $1\sigma$ but favored a slightly more sub-stellar metallicity and solar C/O ratio ($\left[\frac{\mathrm{C}+\mathrm{O}} {\mathrm{H}}\right]=-0.74^{+0.23}_{-0.17}$ and C/O$=0.59^{+0.13}_{-0.14}$). A variety of formation pathways may explain the composition of WASP-76b. Additionally, we found systemic ($V_{sys}$) and Keplerian ($K_{p}$) velocity offsets which were broadly consistent with expectations from 3D general circulation models of WASP-76b, with the exception of a redshifted $V_{sys}$ for H$_{2}$O. Future observations to measure the phase-dependent velocity offsets and limb differences at high resolution on WASP-76b will be necessary to understand the H$_{2}$O velocity shift. Finally, we find that the population of exoplanets with precisely constrained C/O ratios generally trends toward super-solar C/O ratios. More results from high-resolution observations or JWST will serve to further elucidate any population-level trends., Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables; accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
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- 2024
21. Two-Dimensional Eclipse Mapping of the Hot Jupiter WASP-43b with JWST MIRI/LRS
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Hammond, Mark, Bell, Taylor J., Challener, Ryan C., Lewis, Neil T., Mansfield, Megan Weiner, Malsky, Isaac, Rauscher, Emily, Bean, Jacob L., Carone, Ludmila, Mendonça, João M., Teinturier, Lucas, Tan, Xianyu, Crouzet, Nicolas, Kreidberg, Laura, Morello, Giuseppe, Parmentier, Vivien, Blecic, Jasmina, Désert, Jean-Michel, Helling, Christiane, Lagage, Pierre-Olivier, Molaverdikhani, Karan, Nixon, Matthew C., Rackham, Benjamin V., and Yang, Jingxuan
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
We present eclipse maps of the two-dimensional thermal emission from the dayside of the hot Jupiter WASP-43b, derived from an observation of a phase curve with the JWST MIRI/LRS instrument. The observed eclipse shapes deviate significantly from those expected for a planet emitting uniformly over its surface. We fit a map to this deviation, constructed from spherical harmonics up to order $\ell_{\rm max}=2$, alongside the planetary, orbital, stellar, and systematic parameters. This yields a map with a meridionally-averaged eastward hot-spot shift of $(7.75 \pm 0.36)^{\circ}$, with no significant degeneracy between the map and the additional parameters. We show the latitudinal and longitudinal contributions of the day-side emission structure to the eclipse shape, finding a latitudinal signal of $\sim$200 ppm and a longitudinal signal of $\sim$250 ppm. To investigate the sensitivity of the map to the method, we fix the non-mapping parameters and derive an "eigenmap" fitted with an optimised number of orthogonal phase curves, which yields a similar map to the $\ell_{\rm max}=2$ map. We also fit a map up to $\ell_{\rm max}=3$, which shows a smaller hot-spot shift, with a larger uncertainty. These maps are similar to those produced by atmospheric simulations. We conclude that there is a significant mapping signal which constrains the spherical harmonic components of our model up to $\ell_{\rm max}=2$. Alternative mapping models may derive different structures with smaller-scale features; we suggest that further observations of WASP-43b and other planets will drive the development of more robust methods and more accurate maps., Comment: Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
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- 2024
22. Cooperate or Collapse: Emergence of Sustainable Cooperation in a Society of LLM Agents
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Piatti, Giorgio, Jin, Zhijing, Kleiman-Weiner, Max, Schölkopf, Bernhard, Sachan, Mrinmaya, and Mihalcea, Rada
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Computer Science - Computation and Language - Abstract
As AI systems pervade human life, ensuring that large language models (LLMs) make safe decisions remains a significant challenge. We introduce the Governance of the Commons Simulation (GovSim), a generative simulation platform designed to study strategic interactions and cooperative decision-making in LLMs. In GovSim, a society of AI agents must collectively balance exploiting a common resource with sustaining it for future use. This environment enables the study of how ethical considerations, strategic planning, and negotiation skills impact cooperative outcomes. We develop an LLM-based agent architecture and test it with the leading open and closed LLMs. We find that all but the most powerful LLM agents fail to achieve a sustainable equilibrium in GovSim, with the highest survival rate below 54%. Ablations reveal that successful multi-agent communication between agents is critical for achieving cooperation in these cases. Furthermore, our analyses show that the failure to achieve sustainable cooperation in most LLMs stems from their inability to formulate and analyze hypotheses about the long-term effects of their actions on the equilibrium of the group. Finally, we show that agents that leverage "Universalization"-based reasoning, a theory of moral thinking, are able to achieve significantly better sustainability. Taken together, GovSim enables us to study the mechanisms that underlie sustainable self-government with specificity and scale. We open source the full suite of our research results, including the simulation environment, agent prompts, and a comprehensive web interface., Comment: Revised version
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- 2024
23. The SAGA Survey. V. Modeling Satellite Systems around Milky Way-mass Galaxies with Updated UniverseMachine
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Wang, Yunchong, Nadler, Ethan O., Mao, Yao-Yuan, Wechsler, Risa H., Abel, Tom, Behroozi, Peter, Geha, Marla, Asali, Yasmeen, Reyes, Mithi A. C. de los, Kado-Fong, Erin, Kallivayalil, Nitya, Tollerud, Erik J., Weiner, Benjamin, and Wu, John F.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
Environment plays a critical role in shaping the assembly of low-mass galaxies. Here, we use the UniverseMachine (UM) galaxy-halo connection framework and the Data Release 3 of the Satellites Around Galactic Analogs (SAGA) Survey to place dwarf galaxy star formation and quenching into a cosmological context. UM is a data-driven forward model that flexibly parameterizes galaxy star formation rates (SFR) using only halo mass and assembly history. We add a new quenching model to UM, tailored for galaxies with stellar masses $\lesssim 10^9$ solar masses, and constrain the model down to a stellar mass $\gtrsim 10^7$ solar masses using new SAGA observations of 101 satellite systems around Milky Way (MW)-mass hosts and a sample of isolated field galaxies in a similar mass range from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The new best-fit model, 'UM-SAGA,' reproduces the satellite stellar mass functions, average SFRs, and quenched fractions in SAGA satellites while keeping isolated dwarfs mostly star forming. The enhanced quenching in satellites relative to isolated field galaxies leads the model to maximally rely on halo assembly to explain the observed environmental quenching. Extrapolating the model down to a stellar mass $\sim 10^{6.5}$ solar masses yields a quenched fraction of $\gtrsim$ 30% for isolated field galaxies and $\gtrsim$ 80% for satellites of MW-mass hosts at this stellar mass. This specific prediction can soon be tested by spectroscopic surveys to reveal the relative importance of internal feedback, cessation of mass and gas accretion, satellite-specific gas processes, and reionization for the evolution of faint low-mass galaxies., Comment: 33 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables. This paper is part of the SAGA Survey Data Release 3. Survey website: https://sagasurvey.org
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- 2024
24. The SAGA Survey. IV. The Star Formation Properties of 101 Satellite Systems around Milky Way-mass Galaxies
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Geha, Marla, Mao, Yao-Yuan, Wechsler, Risa H., Asali, Yasmeen, Kado-Fong, Erin, Kallivayalil, Nitya, Nadler, Ethan O., Tollerud, Erik J., Weiner, Benjamin, Reyes, Mithi A. C. de los, Wang, Yunchong, and Wu, John F.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
We present the star-forming properties of 378 satellite galaxies around 101 Milky Way analogs in the Satellites Around Galactic Analogs (SAGA) Survey, focusing on the environmental processes that suppress or quench star formation. In the SAGA stellar mass range of 10^6 to 10^10 solar masses, we present quenched fractions, star-forming rates, gas-phase metallicities, and gas content. The fraction of SAGA satellites that are quenched increases with decreasing stellar mass and shows significant system-to-system scatter. SAGA satellite quenched fractions are highest in the central 100 kpc of their hosts and decline out to the virial radius. Splitting by specific star formation rate (sSFR), the least star-forming satellite quartile follows the radial trend of the quenched population. The median sSFR of star-forming satellites increases with decreasing stellar mass and is roughly constant with projected radius. Star-forming SAGA satellites are consistent with the star formation rate--stellar mass relationship determined in the Local Volume, while the median gas-phase metallicity is higher and median HI gas mass is lower at all stellar masses. We investigate the dependence of the satellite quenched fraction on host properties. Quenched fractions are higher in systems with larger host halo mass, but this trend is only seen in the inner 100 kpc; we do not see significant trends with host color or star formation rate. Our results suggest that lower mass satellites and satellites inside 100 kpc are more efficiently quenched in a Milky Way-like environment, with these processes acting sufficiently slowly to preserve a population of star-forming satellites at all stellar masses and projected radii., Comment: 25 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables. Accepted by ApJ. This paper is part of the SAGA Survey Data Release 3. Data and notebooks are available on the survey website: https://sagasurvey.org
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- 2024
25. The SAGA Survey. III. A Census of 101 Satellite Systems around Milky Way-mass Galaxies
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Mao, Yao-Yuan, Geha, Marla, Wechsler, Risa H., Asali, Yasmeen, Wang, Yunchong, Kado-Fong, Erin, Kallivayalil, Nitya, Nadler, Ethan O., Tollerud, Erik J., Weiner, Benjamin, Reyes, Mithi A. C. de los, and Wu, John F.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
We present the third Data Release (DR3) of the Satellites Around Galactic Analogs (SAGA) Survey, a spectroscopic survey characterizing satellite galaxies around Milky Way (MW)-mass galaxies. The SAGA Survey DR3 includes 378 satellites identified across 101 MW-mass systems in the distance range 25-40.75 Mpc, and an accompanying redshift catalog of background galaxies (including about 46,000 taken by SAGA) in the SAGA footprint of 84.7 sq. deg. The number of confirmed satellites per system ranges from zero to 13, in the stellar mass range 10^6 to 10^10 solar masses. Based on a detailed completeness model, this sample accounts for 94% of the true satellite population down to a stellar mass of 10^7.5 solar masses. We find that the mass of the most massive satellite in SAGA systems is the strongest predictor of satellite abundance; one-third of the SAGA systems contain LMC-mass satellites, and they tend to have more satellites than the MW. The SAGA satellite radial distribution is less concentrated than the MW, and the SAGA quenched fraction below 10^8.5 solar masses is lower than the MW, but in both cases, the MW is within 1 sigma of SAGA system-to-system scatter. SAGA satellites do not exhibit a clear corotating signal as has been suggested in the MW/M31 satellite systems. Although the MW differs in many respects from the typical SAGA system, these differences can be reconciled if the MW is an older, slightly less massive host with a recently accreted LMC/SMC system., Comment: 38 pages, 23 figures, 7 tables. Accepted by ApJ. This paper is part of the SAGA Survey Data Release 3. Data and notebooks will be available on the survey website: https://sagasurvey.org
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- 2024
26. Ultrafast dynamic beam steering with optical frequency comb arrays
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Seshadri, Suparna, Wang, Jie, and Weiner, Andrew M.
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Physics - Optics - Abstract
Efficient spatiotemporal control of optical beams is of paramount importance in diverse technological domains. Conventional systems focusing on quasi-static beam control demand precise phase or wavelength tuning for steering. This work presents a time-efficient solution for dynamic beam steering, emphasizing high-duty-cycle operation with fast scan rates, and eliminating the need for active tuning of the beam direction. We achieve 100%-duty-cycle scans at a rate of $\sim$9.8 GHz within an angular range of $\sim$1$^\circ$. Furthermore, leveraging the dispersion characteristics of a virtually imaged phased array (VIPA), we devise a broadband source array that seamlessly transitions from continuous-angular steering to pulsed discrete-angular operation, unlocking possibilities for high-sensitivity angle-, range-, and time-resolved imaging. We also elucidate the adaptability of integrated photonic designs incorporating wavelength-selective switches and spectral dispersers, for enabling a versatile on-chip realization of the proposed beam steering schemes.
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- 2024
27. Day Camp Leadership: Women's Experiences with Gender Bias, Inequity, and Double Binds
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Kiah DeVona and Jennie M. Weiner
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Background: Despite representing half of approximately 1.5 million camp counsellors in the United States, women in outdoor experiential education (OEE) continually face barriers that constrain them to lead according to restrictive gendered expectations. While scholars have studied this issue across a variety of OEE contexts, summer day camps are largely absent from empirical dialogue about gender and leadership. Purpose: Presently, we explore the impact of gender stereotypes on women's experiences as leaders inside one summer day camp. Methodology/Approach: We employ a qualitative, single-case study to interview five camp professionals about their experiences with gender and leadership. Findings/Conclusions: We find the construction of leadership within the camp rewarded men's agentic behaviors and punished women who led similarly. In addition, men who showed communally-oriented leadership traits were recognized as exceptional leaders, while women lost promotions and were reprimanded for the same behaviors. This gendered construction of leadership manifested as women having inequitable access to leadership development pipelines compared to men, especially related to representation, informal mentoring, and promotion. Implications: Considering these biased constructions and their impact on women leaders, we present opportunities for organizational and systemic change within day camps.
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- 2024
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28. Difelikefalin improves itch-related sleep disruption in patients undergoing haemodialysis.
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Weiner, Daniel, Schaufler, Thilo, McCafferty, Kieran, Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar, Germain, Michael, Ruessmann, Despina, Morin, Isabelle, Menzaghi, Frédérique, Wen, Warren, and Ständer, Sonja
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chronic kidney disease–associated pruritus ,difelikefalin ,haemodialysis ,itch ,sleep ,Humans ,Pruritus ,Renal Dialysis ,Male ,Female ,Middle Aged ,Quality of Life ,Aged ,Double-Blind Method ,Sleep Wake Disorders ,Renal Insufficiency ,Chronic ,Follow-Up Studies ,Prognosis ,Sleep Quality ,Piperidines - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Poor sleep quality is associated with higher mortality and lower quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus (CKD-aP). Difelikefalin reduces itch in patients with CKD-aP undergoing haemodialysis (HD). This post hoc analysis of the Phase 3 difelikefalin studies (Study 3105 and the pooled dataset from KALM-1 and KALM-2) evaluated whether itch reduction in individuals with CKD-aP improved sleep quality. METHODS: Itch intensity was assessed in patients undergoing HD who had moderate-to-severe CKD-aP treated with intravenous difelikefalin (0.5 µg/kg, three times weekly) (N = 222, Study 3105; N = 426, KALM-1 and -2) or placebo (N = 425, KALM-1 and -2) for 12 weeks, using the Worst Itch Intensity Numerical Rating Scale (WI-NRS). Sleep quality was assessed using the sleep disability question of the 5-D Itch Scale (5-D SDQ) in all studies and, in Study 3105, with the Sleep Quality Numeric Rating Scale (SQ-NRS). RESULTS: Greater improvements in sleep quality were observed in patients with ≥3-point versus
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- 2024
29. Plasma membrane abundance dictates phagocytic capacity and functional cross-talk in myeloid cells
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Winer, Benjamin Y, Settle, Alexander H, Yakimov, Alexandrina M, Jeronimo, Carlos, Lazarov, Tomi, Tipping, Murray, Saoi, Michelle, Sawh, Anjelique, Sepp, Anna-Liisa L, Galiano, Michael, Perry, Justin SA, Wong, Yung Yu, Geissmann, Frederic, Cross, Justin, Zhou, Ting, Kam, Lance C, Pasolli, H Amalia, Hohl, Tobias, Cyster, Jason G, Weiner, Orion D, and Huse, Morgan
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Immunology ,Cancer ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Animals ,Phagocytosis ,Cell Membrane ,Mice ,Mice ,Knockout ,Myeloid Cells ,Mice ,Inbred C57BL ,Neutrophils ,Macrophages ,Clinical sciences - Abstract
Professional phagocytes like neutrophils and macrophages tightly control what they consume, how much they consume, and when they move after cargo uptake. We show that plasma membrane abundance is a key arbiter of these cellular behaviors. Neutrophils and macrophages lacking the G protein subunit Gβ4 exhibited profound plasma membrane expansion, accompanied by marked reduction in plasma membrane tension. These biophysical changes promoted the phagocytosis of bacteria, fungus, apoptotic corpses, and cancer cells. We also found that Gβ4-deficient neutrophils are defective in the normal inhibition of migration following cargo uptake. Sphingolipid synthesis played a central role in these phenotypes by driving plasma membrane accumulation in cells lacking Gβ4. In Gβ4 knockout mice, neutrophils not only exhibited enhanced phagocytosis of inhaled fungal conidia in the lung but also increased trafficking of engulfed pathogens to other organs. Together, these results reveal an unexpected, biophysical control mechanism central to myeloid functional decision-making.
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- 2024
30. A Health-Related Quality of Life Measure for Patients Who Undergo Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery
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Hays, Ron D, Tarver, Michelle E, Eydelman, Malvina, Spaeth, George L, Parke, David W, Singh, Kuldev, Nguyen, Don, Saltzmann, Robert M, Smith, Oluwatosin, Shaw, My Le, Rosenberg, Lisa, Seibold, Leo, Teymoorian, Savak, Provencher, Lorraine M, Bicket, Amanda K, Arora, Nitika, Junk, Anna K, Chaya, Craig, Salim, Sarwat, Kuo, Debbie, Weiner, Asher, Zhang, Ze, Rhee, Brian Francis Douglas, McMillan, Brian, Choo, Clara, Garris, Winston, Noecker, Rob, Fellman, Ronald, Caprioli, Joseph, Vold, Steven, Pasquale, Louis, Cui, Qi, and Mbagwu, Michael
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Ophthalmology and Optometry ,Neurodegenerative ,Aging ,Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision ,Neurosciences ,Clinical Research ,Patient Safety ,Eye ,Good Health and Well Being ,Glaucoma Outcomes Survey Collaborative Study Group ,Clinical Sciences ,Opthalmology and Optometry ,Public Health and Health Services ,Ophthalmology & Optometry ,Ophthalmology and optometry - Abstract
PurposeTo develop a patient-reported outcome measure to assess the impact of glaucoma and treatment, including minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS).DesignObservational study before and after concomitant cataract and Food and Drug Administration-approved implantable MIGS device surgery.SettingSurvey administration was on a computer, iPad, or similar device.Patient population184 adults completed the baseline survey, 124 a survey 3 months after surgery, and 106 the 1-month test-retest reliability survey. The age range was 37 to 89 (average age = 72). Most were female (57%), non-Hispanic White (81%), and had a college degree (56%).Main outcome measuresThe Glaucoma Outcomes Survey (GOS) assesses functional limitations (27 items), vision-related symptoms (7 items), psychosocial issues (7 items), and satisfaction with microinvasive glaucoma surgery (1 item). These multiple-item scales were scored on a 0 to 100 range, with a higher score indicating worse health.ResultsInternal consistency reliability estimates ranged from 0.75 to 0.93, and 1-month test-retest intraclass correlations ranged from 0.83 to 0.92 for the GOS scales. Product-moment correlations among the scales ranged from 0.56 to 0.60. Improvement in visual acuity in the study eye from baseline to the 3-month follow-up was significantly related to improvements in GOS functional limitations (r = 0.18, P = .0485), vision-related symptoms (r = 0.19, P = .0386), and psychosocial concerns (r = 0.18, P = .0503). Responders to treatment ranged from 17% for vision-related symptoms to 48% for functional limitations.ConclusionsThis study supports using the GOS for ophthalmic procedures such as MIGS. Further evaluation of the GOS in different patient subgroups and clinical settings is needed.
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- 2024
31. Inflammatory and neurodegenerative serum protein biomarkers increase sensitivity to detect clinical and radiographic disease activity in multiple sclerosis.
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Chitnis, Tanuja, Qureshi, Ferhan, Gehman, Victor, Becich, Michael, Cree, Bruce, Gomez, Refujia, Henry, Roland, Katrib, Amal, Lokhande, Hrishikesh, Paul, Anu, Caillier, Stacy, Santaniello, Adam, Sattarnezhad, Neda, Saxena, Shrishti, Weiner, Howard, Yano, Hajime, Hauser, Stephen, Baranzini, Sergio, and Bove, Riley
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Humans ,Biomarkers ,Multiple Sclerosis ,Female ,Male ,Adult ,Proteomics ,Middle Aged ,Neurofilament Proteins ,Blood Proteins ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Inflammation ,Cohort Studies - Abstract
The multifaceted nature of multiple sclerosis requires quantitative biomarkers that can provide insights related to diverse physiological pathways. To this end, proteomic analysis of deeply-phenotyped serum samples, biological pathway modeling, and network analysis were performed to elucidate inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes, identifying sensitive biomarkers of multiple sclerosis disease activity. Here, we evaluated the concentrations of > 1400 serum proteins in 630 samples from three multiple sclerosis cohorts for association with clinical and radiographic new disease activity. Twenty proteins were associated with increased clinical and radiographic multiple sclerosis disease activity for inclusion in a custom assay panel. Serum neurofilament light chain showed the strongest univariate correlation with gadolinium lesion activity, clinical relapse status, and annualized relapse rate. Multivariate modeling outperformed univariate for all endpoints. A comprehensive biomarker panel including the twenty proteins identified in this study could serve to characterize disease activity for a patient with multiple sclerosis.
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- 2024
32. Implementation and Evaluation of a Bystander Naloxone Training Course
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Weiner, Scott G., Goldberg, Scott A., Lang, Cheryl, Jarman, Molly, Miller, Cory J., Li, Sarah, Stanek, Ewelina W., and Goralnick, Eric
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Opioids ,opioid overdose ,naloxone - Abstract
Introduction: Bystander provision of naloxone is a key modality to reduce opioid overdose-related death. Naloxone training courses are available, but no standardized program exists. As part of a bystander empowerment course, we created and evaluated a brief naloxone training module.Methods: This was a retrospective evaluation of a naloxone training course, which was paired with Stop the Bleed training for hemorrhage control and was offered to administrative staff in an office building. Participants worked in an organization related to healthcare, but none were clinicians. The curriculum included the following topics: 1) background about the opioid epidemic; 2) how to recognize the signs of an opioid overdose; 3) actions not to take when encountering an overdose victim; 4) the correct steps to take when encountering an overdose victim; 5) an overview of naloxone products; and 6) Good Samaritan protection laws. The 20-minute didactic section was followed by a hands-on session with nasal naloxone kits and a simulation mannequin. The course was evaluated with the Opioid Overdose Knowledge (OOKS) and Opioid Overdose Attitudes (OOAS) scales for take-home naloxone training evaluation. We used the paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test to compare scores pre- and post-course.Results: Twenty-eight participants completed the course. The OOKS, measuring objective knowledge about opioid overdose and naloxone, had improved scores from a median of 73.2% (interquartile range [IQR] 68.3%–79.9%) to 91.5% (IQR 85.4%–95.1%), P < 0.001. The three domains on the OOAS score also showed statistically significant results. Competency to manage an overdose improved on a five-point scale from a median of 2.5 (IQR 2.4–2.9) to a median of 3.7 (IQR 3.5–4.1), P < 0.001. Concerns about managing an overdose decreased (improved) from a median of 2.3 (IQR 1.9–2.6) to median 1.8 (IQR 1.5–2.1), P < 0.001. Readiness to intervene in an opioid overdose improved from a median of 4 (IQR 3.8–4.2) to a median of 4.2 (IQR 4–4.2), P < 0.001.Conclusion: A brief course designed to teach bystanders about opioid overdose and naloxone was feasible and effective. We encourage hospitals and other organizations to use and promulgate this model. Furthermore, we suggest the convening of a national consortium to achieve consensus on program content and delivery.
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- 2024
33. Genetic associations with dementia‐related proteinopathy: Application of item response theory
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Katsumata, Yuriko, Fardo, David W, Shade, Lincoln MP, Wu, Xian, Karanth, Shama D, Hohman, Timothy J, Schneider, Julie A, Bennett, David A, Farfel, Jose M, Gauthreaux, Kathryn, Mock, Charles, Kukull, Walter A, Abner, Erin L, Nelson, Peter T, Carrillo, Maria, Reiman, Eric M, Chen, Kewei, Masterman, Donna, Green, Robert C, Ho, Carole, Fleisher, Adam, Saykin, Andrew J, Nho, Kwangsik, Apostolova, Liana G, Risacher, Shannon L, Jackson, Jonathan, Forghanian-Arani, Arvin, Borowski, Bret, Ward, Chad, Schwarz, Christopher, Jack, Clifford R, Jones, David, Gunter, Jeff, Kantarci, Kejal, Senjem, Matthew, Vemuri, Prashanthi, Reid, Robert, Petersen, Ronald, Hsiao, John K, Potter, William, Masliah, Eliezer, Ryan, Laurie, Bernard, Marie, Silverberg, Nina, Kormos, Adrienne, Conti, Cat, Veitch, Dallas, Flenniken, Derek, Sacrey, Diana Truran, Choe, Mark, Ashford, Miriam, Chen, Stephanie Rossi, Faber, Kelley, Nudelman, Kelly, Wilme, Kristi, Foroud, Tatiana M, Trojanowki, John Q, Shaw, Leslie M, Korecka, Magdalena, Figurski, Michal, Khachaturian, Zaven, Barnes, Lisa, Malone, Ian, Fox, Nick C, Beckett, Laurel, Weiner, Michael W, Jagust, William, Landau, Susan, Knaack, Alexander, DeCarli, Charles, Harvey, Danielle, Fletcher, Evan, González, Hector, Jin, Chengshi, Tosun‐Turgut, Duygu, Neuhaus, John, Fockler, Juliet, Nosheny, Rachel, Koeppe, Robert A, Yushkevich, Paul A, Das, Sandhitsu, Mathis, Chet, Toga, Arthur W, Zimmerman, Caileigh, Gessert, Devon, Shcrer, Elizabeth, Miller, Garrett, Coker, Godfrey, Jimenez, Gustavo, Salazar, Jennifer, Pizzola, Jeremy, Crawford, Karen, Hergesheimer, Lindsey, Donohue, Michael, and Rafii, Michael
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Biological Psychology ,Clinical Sciences ,Neurosciences ,Psychology ,Acquired Cognitive Impairment ,Neurodegenerative ,Brain Disorders ,Dementia ,Genetics ,Prevention ,Aging ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Aetiology ,Neurological ,Humans ,alpha-Synuclein ,TDP-43 Proteinopathies ,Proteostasis Deficiencies ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Biological Products ,Alzheimer Disease ,Membrane Proteins ,Nerve Tissue Proteins ,Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative ,National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center ,ARHGEF28 ,Alzheimer's Coordinating Center ,Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project ,Alzheimer's disease neuropathologic changes ,Item response theory ,Lewy ,RGNEF ,Religious Orders Study ,Rush Memory and Aging Project ,SDHAF1 ,TMEM68 ,neuropathology ,Geriatrics ,Clinical sciences ,Biological psychology - Abstract
IntroductionAlthough dementia-related proteinopathy has a strong negative impact on public health, and is highly heritable, understanding of the related genetic architecture is incomplete.MethodsWe applied multidimensional generalized partial credit modeling (GPCM) to test genetic associations with dementia-related proteinopathies. Data were analyzed to identify candidate single nucleotide variants for the following proteinopathies: Aβ, tau, α-synuclein, and TDP-43.ResultsFinal included data comprised 966 participants with neuropathologic and WGS data. Three continuous latent outcomes were constructed, corresponding to TDP-43-, Aβ/Tau-, and α-synuclein-related neuropathology endophenotype scores. This approach helped validate known genotype/phenotype associations: for example, TMEM106B and GRN were risk alleles for TDP-43 pathology; and GBA for α-synuclein/Lewy bodies. Novel suggestive proteinopathy-linked alleles were also discovered, including several (SDHAF1, TMEM68, and ARHGEF28) with colocalization analyses and/or high degrees of biologic credibility.DiscussionA novel methodology using GPCM enabled insights into gene candidates for driving misfolded proteinopathies.HighlightsLatent factor scores for proteinopathies were estimated using a generalized partial credit model. The three latent continuous scores corresponded well with proteinopathy severity. Novel genes associated with proteinopathies were identified. Several genes had high degrees of biologic credibility for dementia risk factors.
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- 2024
34. Silicon Photonic Microresonator-Based High-Resolution Line-by-Line Pulse Shaping
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Cohen, Lucas M., Wu, Kaiyi, Myilswamy, Karthik V., Fatema, Saleha, Lingaraju, Navin B., and Weiner, Andrew M.
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Physics - Optics - Abstract
Optical pulse shaping stands as a formidable technique in ultrafast optics, radio-frequency photonics, and quantum communications. While existing systems rely on bulk optics or integrated platforms with planar waveguide sections for spatial dispersion, they face limitations in achieving finer (few- or sub-GHz) spectrum control. These methods either demand considerable space or suffer from pronounced phase errors and optical losses when assembled to achieve fine resolution. Addressing these challenges, we present a foundry-fabricated six-channel silicon photonic shaper using microresonator filter banks with inline phase control and high spectral resolution. Leveraging existing comb-based spectroscopic techniques, we devise a novel system to mitigate thermal crosstalk and enable the versatile use of our on-chip shaper. Our results demonstrate the shaper's ability to phase-compensate six comb lines at tunable channel spacings of 3, 4, and 5 GHz. Specifically, at a 3 GHz channel spacing, we showcase the generation of arbitrary waveforms in the time domain. This scalable design and control scheme holds promise in meeting future demands for high-precision spectral shaping capabilities., Comment: 21 pages, 12 figures
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- 2024
35. Model-based deep reinforcement learning for accelerated learning from flow simulations
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Weiner, Andre and Geise, Janis
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Physics - Fluid Dynamics ,Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science ,Computer Science - Machine Learning - Abstract
In recent years, deep reinforcement learning has emerged as a technique to solve closed-loop flow control problems. Employing simulation-based environments in reinforcement learning enables a priori end-to-end optimization of the control system, provides a virtual testbed for safety-critical control applications, and allows to gain a deep understanding of the control mechanisms. While reinforcement learning has been applied successfully in a number of rather simple flow control benchmarks, a major bottleneck toward real-world applications is the high computational cost and turnaround time of flow simulations. In this contribution, we demonstrate the benefits of model-based reinforcement learning for flow control applications. Specifically, we optimize the policy by alternating between trajectories sampled from flow simulations and trajectories sampled from an ensemble of environment models. The model-based learning reduces the overall training time by up to $85\%$ for the fluidic pinball test case. Even larger savings are expected for more demanding flow simulations.
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- 2024
36. Combining Machine Learning with Computational Fluid Dynamics using OpenFOAM and SmartSim
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Maric, Tomislav, Fadeli, Mohammed Elwardi, Rigazzi, Alessandro, Shao, Andrew, and Weiner, Andre
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Physics - Fluid Dynamics - Abstract
Combining machine learning (ML) with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) opens many possibilities for improving simulations of technical and natural systems. However, CFD+ML algorithms require exchange of data, synchronization, and calculation on heterogeneous hardware, making their implementation for large-scale problems exceptionally challenging. We provide an effective and scalable solution to developing CFD+ML algorithms using open source software OpenFOAM and SmartSim. SmartSim provides an Orchestrator that significantly simplifies the programming of CFD+ML algorithms and a Redis database that ensures highly scalable data exchange between ML and CFD clients. We show how to leverage SmartSim to effectively couple different segments of OpenFOAM with ML, including pre/post-processing applications, solvers, function objects, and mesh motion solvers. We additionally provide an OpenFOAM sub-module with examples that can be used as starting points for real-world applications in CFD+ML.
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- 2024
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37. LoVoCCS. II. Weak Lensing Mass Distributions, Red-Sequence Galaxy Distributions, and Their Alignment with the Brightest Cluster Galaxy in 58 Nearby X-ray-Luminous Galaxy Clusters
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Fu, Shenming, Dell'Antonio, Ian, Escalante, Zacharias, Nelson, Jessica, Englert, Anthony, Helhoski, Søren, Shinde, Rahul, Brockland, Julia, LaDuca, Philip, Larkin, Christelyn, Paris, Lucca, Weiner, Shane, Black, William K., Chary, Ranga-Ram, Clowe, Douglas, Cooper, M. C., Donahue, Megan, Evrard, August, Lacy, Mark, Lauer, Tod, Liu, Binyang, McCleary, Jacqueline, Meneghetti, Massimo, Miyatake, Hironao, Montes, Mireia, Natarajan, Priyamvada, Ntampaka, Michelle, Pierpaoli, Elena, Postman, Marc, Sohn, Jubee, Turner, David, Umetsu, Keiichi, Utsumi, Yousuke, and Wilson, Gillian
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Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
The Local Volume Complete Cluster Survey (LoVoCCS) is an on-going program to observe nearly a hundred low-redshift X-ray-luminous galaxy clusters (redshifts $0.03
10^{44}$ erg/s) with the Dark Energy Camera (DECam), capturing data in $u,g,r,i,z$ bands with a $5\sigma$ point source depth of approximately 25-26th AB magnitudes. Here, we map the aperture masses in 58 galaxy cluster fields using weak gravitational lensing. These clusters span a variety of dynamical states, from nearly relaxed to merging systems, and approximately half of them have not been subject to detailed weak lensing analysis before. In each cluster field, we analyze the alignment between the 2D mass distribution described by the aperture mass map, the 2D red-sequence (RS) galaxy distribution, and the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG). We find that the orientations of the BCG and the RS distribution are strongly aligned throughout the interiors of the clusters: the median misalignment angle is 19 deg within 2 Mpc. We also observe the alignment between the orientations of the RS distribution and the overall cluster mass distribution (by a median difference of 32 deg within 1 Mpc), although this is constrained by galaxy shape noise and the limitations of our cluster sample size. These types of alignment suggest long-term dynamical evolution within the clusters over cosmic timescales., Comment: 40 pages, 16 figures, 5 tables; revised and accepted for publication in ApJ - Published
- 2024
38. Neutrino-Dark Sector Equilibration and Primordial Element Abundances
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Giovanetti, Cara, Schmaltz, Martin, and Weiner, Neal
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High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
After neutrinos decouple from the photon bath, they can populate a thermal dark sector. If this occurs at a temperature above ~100 keV, this can have measurable impacts on light element abundances. We calculate light element abundances in this scenario, studying the impact from rapid cooling of the Standard Model neutrinos, and from an increase in the number of relativistic degrees of freedom $N_{\rm{eff}}$, which can occur in the presence of a mass threshold. We incorporate these changes in the publicly available BBN code PRIMAT, using the reaction networks from PRIMAT and from the BBN code PArthENoPE, to calculate Y$_{\rm{P}}$ and D/H. We provide limits from the two different reaction networks as well as with expanded errors to include both results. If electron neutrinos significantly participate in the cooling, we find limits down to temperatures as low as 100 keV. If electron neutrinos are weakly participating (for instance if only the mass eigenstate $\nu_3$ equilibrates), cooling places no limits. However, if the dark sector undergoes a "step" in $N_{\rm{eff}}$, there can be additional, $\omega_b$-dependent constraints. These limits can vary from strong (for low values of $\omega_b$) to a mild preference for new physics (for high values of $\omega_b$). Future analyses including upcoming CMB data should improve these limits., Comment: 6+6 pages
- Published
- 2024
39. CMOS photonic integrated source of ultrabroadband polarization-entangled photons
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Miloshevsky, Alexander, Cohen, Lucas M., Myilswamy, Karthik V., Alshowkan, Muneer, Fatema, Saleha, Lu, Hsuan-Hao, Weiner, Andrew M., and Lukens, Joseph M.
- Subjects
Physics - Optics ,Quantum Physics - Abstract
We showcase a fully on-chip CMOS-fabricated silicon photonic integrated circuit employing a bidirectionally pumped microring and polarization splitter-rotators tailored for the generation of ultrabroadband ($>$9 THz), high-fidelity (90-98%) polarization-entangled photons. Spanning the optical C+L-band and producing over 116 frequency-bin pairs on a 38.4 GHz-spaced grid, this source is ideal for flex-grid wavelength-multiplexed entanglement distribution in multiuser networks.
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- 2024
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40. Reply to: Effects of density and temperature variations on the metallicity of Mrk 71
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Chen, Yuguang, Jones, Tucker, Sanders, Ryan, Fadda, Dario, Sutter, Jessica, Minchin, Robert, Huntzinger, Erin, Senchyna, Peter, Stark, Daniel, Spilker, Justin, Weiner, Benjamin, and Roberts-Borsani, Guido
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
In Chen et al., 2023 (C23; arXiv:2304.09898), we introduced a new method to directly measure temperature fluctuations and applied it to a nearby dwarf galaxy, Mrk 71, finding a temperature fluctuation parameter $t^2 = 0.008\pm 0.043$. This result is lower by $\sim 2\sigma$ than the value required to explain the abundance discrepancy (AD) in this object. In the Matters Arising article submitted by Mendez-Delgado et al. (arXiv:2310.01197), the authors claim that using the same data presented in C23 in a different way, it is possible to conclude that the measurements are consistent with a larger $t^2 \simeq 0.1$ inferred indirectly from recombination lines (RLs). However, this requires a higher density such that the infrared [O III] 52 $\mu$m and [O III] 88 $\mu$m lines -- which form the basis of the direct measurement method -- are mutually inconsistent. Moreover, to reach agreement between the direct $t^2$ measurement and the larger $t^2$ value inferred from RLs requires systematically varying four parameters by $\sim 1\sigma$ from their best-determined values, which collectively amount to a $\sim2\sigma$ difference, consistent with the significance ($\sim 2 \sigma$) originally reported in C23. Therefore, we conclude that the results of C23 hold, and that the combined optical and infrared [O III] data disfavour $t^2 \simeq 0.1$ at the $\approx2\sigma$ level in Mrk 71. Future work is nonetheless warranted to better understand the AD associated with both optical and infrared emission line analysis., Comment: Response requested by the editorial board. Peer-reviewed version published in Nature Astronomy
- Published
- 2024
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41. SAGAbg I: A Near-Unity Mass Loading Factor in Low-Mass Galaxies via their Low-Redshift Evolution in Stellar Mass, Oxygen Abundance, and Star Formation Rate
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Kado-Fong, Erin, Geha, Marla, Mao, Yao-Yuan, Reyes, Mithi A. C. de los, Wechsler, Risa H., Asali, Yasmeen, Kallivayalil, Nitya, Nadler, Ethan O., Tollerud, Erik J., and Weiner, Benjamin
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
Measuring the relation between star formation and galactic winds is observationally difficult. In this work we make an indirect measurement of the mass loading factor (the ratio between mass outflow rate and star formation rate) in low-mass galaxies using a differential approach to modeling the low-redshift evolution of the star-forming main sequence and mass-metallicity relation. We use the SAGA (Satellites Around Galactic Analogs) background galaxies, those spectra observed by the SAGA survey that are not associated with the main SAGA host galaxies, to construct a sample of 11925 spectroscopically confirmed low-mass galaxies from $0.01\lesssim z \leq 0.21$ and measure a auroral line metallicity for 120 galaxies. The crux of the method is to use the lowest redshift galaxies as the boundary condition of our model, and to infer a mass-loading factor for the sample by comparing the expected evolution of the low redshift reference sample in stellar mass, gas-phase metallicity, and star formation rate against the observed properties of the sample at higher redshift. We infer a mass-loading factor of $\eta_{\rm m}=0.92^{+1.76}_{-0.74}$, which is in line with direct measurements of the mass-loading factor from the literature despite the drastically different set of assumptions needed for each approach. While our estimate of the mass-loading factor is in good agreement with recent galaxy simulations that focus on resolving the dynamics of the interstellar medium, it is smaller by over an order of magnitude than the mass-loading factor produced by many contemporary cosmological simulations., Comment: 37 pages, 19 figures, accepted to ApJ
- Published
- 2024
42. Hippocampal resection during hemispherotomy: is it needed?
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Bergman, Lottem, Shofty, Ben, Agur, Ariel, Sibony, Shimrit Uliel, Treiber, Jeffrey M., Curry, Daniel J., Fried, Itzhak, Weiner, Howard L., and Roth, Jonathan
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- 2024
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43. Development and Validation the Mobile Toolbox (MTB) Spelling Test
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LaForte, E., Young, Stephanie Ruth, Dworak, E. M., Novack, M. A., Kaat, A. J., Adam, H., Nowinski, C. J., Hosseinian, Z., Slotkin, J., Amagai, S., Diaz, M. V., Correa, A. A., Alperin, K., Camacho, M., Landavazo, B., Nosheny, R., Weiner, M. W., and Gershon, R. M.
- Published
- 2024
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44. Pregnancy outcomes in correlation with placental histopathology in pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction with vs. without reduced fetal movements
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Mor, Liat, Rabinovitch, Tamar, Schreiber, Letizia, Paz, Yael Ganor, Barda, Giulia, Kleiner, Ilia, Weiner, Eran, and Levy, Michal
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- 2024
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45. Metabolic and Bariatric Surgeon Criteria—An International Experts’ Consensus
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Kermansaravi, Mohammad, Chiappetta, Sonja, Shikora, Scott A., Musella, Mario, Kow, Lilian, Aarts, Edo, Abbas, Syed Imran, Aly, Ahmad, Aminian, Ali, Angrisani, Luigi, Asghar, Syed Tanseer, Bashir, Ahmad, Behrens, Estuardo, Billy, Helmuth, Boza, Camilo, Brown, Wendy A., Caina, Daniel Oscar, Carbajo, Miguel A., Chevallier, Jean-Marc, Clapp, Benjamin, Cohen, Ricardo V., Jazi, Amir Hossein Davarpanah, De Luca, Maurizio, Dilemans, Bruno, Fried, Martin, Gagner, Michel, Neto, Manoel Galvao, Garneau, Pierre Y., Gawdat, Khaled, Ghanem, Omar M., Al Hadad, Mohammed, Haddad, Ashraf, ElFawal, Mohamad Hayssam, Herrera, Miguel F., Higa, Kelvin, Himpens, Jaques, Husain, Farah, Kasama, Kazunori, Kassir, Radwan, Khoursheed, Mousa, Khwaja, Haris, Kristinsson, Jon A., Kroh, Matthew, Kurian, Marina S., Lakdawala, Muffazal, LaMasters, Teresa, Lee, Wei-Jei, Madhok, Brijesh, Mahawar, Kamal, Mahdy, Tarek, Almomani, Hazem, Melissas, John, Miller, Karl, Neimark, Alexander, Omarov, Taryel, Palermo, Mariano, Papasavas, Pavlos K., Parmar, Chetan, Pazouki, Abdolreza, Peterli, Ralph, Pintar, Tadeja, Poggi, Luis, Ponce, Jaime, Prasad, Arun, Pratt, Janey S. A., Ramos, Almino C., Rezvani, Masoud, Rheinwalt, Karl, Ribeiro, Rui, Ruiz-Ucar, Elena, Sabry, Karim, Safadi, Bassem, Shabbir, Asim, ShahabiShahmiri, Shahab, Stenberg, Erik, Suter, Michel, Taha, Safwan, Taskin, Halit Eren, Torres, Antonio, Verboonen, Sergio, Vilallonga, Ramon, Voon, Kelvin, Wafa, Ala, Wang, Cunchuan, Weiner, Rudolf, Yang, Wah, Zundel, Natan, Prager, Gerhard, and Nimeri, Abdelrahman
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- 2024
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46. Does the combination of four OGTT values enhance the prediction of adverse pregnancy outcomes? Insights from a retrospective cohort study
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Mor, Liat, Toledano, Ella, Ben-Shoshan, Noa, Weiner, Eran, Paz, Yael Ganor, Barda, Giulia, and Levy, Michal
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- 2024
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47. French Validation of the Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT-Q)
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Bureau, Raven, Riebel, Marie, Weiner, Luisa, Coutelle, Romain, Dachez, Julie, and Clément, Céline
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- 2024
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48. An electronic health record (EHR)-based risk calculator can predict fractures comparably to FRAX: a proof-of-concept study
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Jain, Rajesh K., Polley, Eric, Weiner, Mark, Iwamaye, Amy, Huang, Elbert, and Vokes, Tamara
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- 2024
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49. Predictors of maternal and neonatal outcomes in labors complicated by shoulder dystocia: a comparative analysis
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Tairy, Daniel, Frank, Shalhevet, Lev, Shir, Paz, Yael Ganor, Bar, Jacob, Barda, Giulia, Weiner, Eran, and Levy, Michal
- Published
- 2024
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50. Validation of the French Versions of the Context-Sensitivity Index (CSI) and the Flexible Regulation of Emotional Expression Scale (FREE)
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Nardelli, Carla, Paucsik, Marine, Weiner, Luisa, Bonanno, George A., and Bortolon, Catherine
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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