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Objective. Evidence-based research methods were applied to assess the efficacy of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for the treatment of autism in children. Methods. We searched the Chinese Biomedical Literature, CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases to collect randomised controlled trials on faecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of autism in children. The search included studies published from the creation of the respective database to 5 April 2022. Literature screening, data extraction, and quality evaluation were implemented by three investigators according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The meta-analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.1 software. Results. Nine studies with population-based subjects and four studies with animal-based subjects were included. Five papers were screened for the meta-analysis. The results showed that FMT markedly reduced Autism Behaviour Checklist (ABC) scores in children with autism spectrum disorder (weighted mean difference (WMD) = −14.96; 95% confidence intervals (CI), −21.68 to −8.24; P < 0.001 ; I2 = 0%). FMT also reduced Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) scores (WMD = −6.95; 95% CI, −8.76 to −5.14; P < 0.001 ; I2 = 28.1%). Conclusion. Our results indicate that FMT can benefit children with autism by reducing ABC and CARS scores, but more high-quality studies are needed to verify these results.

Summary Background & aims Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) as a primary therapy is safe and effective for inducing the clinical remission of active luminal Crohn's disease (CD). Whether isolated colonic involvement affects the efficacy of EEN is controversial. We aimed to identify the influence of isolated colonic CD on the efficacy of EEN and to determine other potential predictors of the response to induction therapy with EEN in adult patients with CD. Methods Data for adult CD patients treated with EEN as an induction therapy at our centre from January 1, 2014, to May 31, 2017, were reviewed. Eligible patients were divided into an isolated colonic Crohn's disease (cCD) group and a non-isolated colonic Crohn's disease (non-cCD) group according to the disease location. The rates of clinical remission and inflammatory and nutritional serum markers were compared between the groups. Possible relationships between isolated colonic involvement or other potential factors and the efficacy of EEN were assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses. The propensity score matching method was used to confirm the results. Results Overall, 241 patients were included in the analysis: 52 patients in the cCD group and 189 patients in the non-cCD group. The rates of clinical remission differed between the two groups (cCD group: 51.9% versus non-cCD group: 68.3%, P = 0.029). Multivariate analyses indicated that isolated colonic involvement was associated with a reduced response to EEN (OR = 2.74; [CI] 95% = [1.2–6.23], P = 0.016). Additionally, the lean body mass index (LBMI) before treatment was associated with the efficacy of EEN (OR = 0.636; [CI] 95% = [0.444–0.912], P = 0.014). These associations were confirmed using the propensity score model. For patients with isolated colonic CD, multivariate analysis showed that pancolitis (OR = 16.7; [CI] 95% = [1.074–260.5], P = 0.044) was another independent factor for the efficacy of EEN. Further analysis showed that even in patients who achieved clinical remission after EEN, inflammatory serum markers declined more slowly in the cCD group than in the non-cCD group, and the time to remission was longer in the cCD group. Conclusions Isolated colonic CD showed a reduced response to induction therapy with EEN compared with ileal or ileocolonic disease in adult patients. Patients with isolated colonic CD required more time to benefit from EEN therapy compared with patients with non-colonic CD. Additionally, LBMI before treatment was associated with the efficacy of EEN.

Background and AimsThe aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic profile of mesenteric adipocytes and the correlations between key metabolic changes and local inflammation in the context of Crohn’s disease [CD].MethodsMetabolic dysfunction was shown to be regulated by fatty acid desaturase-2 [FADS2], through metabolomics and functional analyses of mesenteric adipose tissue biopsies and primary mesenteric adipocytes isolated from surgical specimens collected from CD patients and control subjects. FADS2 was overexpressed in vitro and in vivo using a lentiviral vector and an adeno-associated virus [AAV], respectively. The interaction between mesenteric adipocytes and inflammation responses was evaluated by establishing a cell coculture system and a FADS2-AAV treated animal model; 3T3-L1 cells were used to elucidate the mechanism underlying FADS2 deregulation.ResultsWe observed significant changes in the levels of metabolites involved in the multi-step synthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFAs]. Gas chromatography analysis revealed impaired desaturation fluxes towards the n-6 and n-3 pathways, which are associated with reduced FADS2 activity in human mesentery tissue. Decreased FADS2 expression at both mRNA and protein levels was confirmed in surgical specimens. The restoration of FADS2 expression, which allows for the endogenous conversion of n-3 fatty acids into proresolving lipid mediators, resulted in a significant reduction in pro-inflammatory macrophage infiltration and attenuated expression of inflammatory cytokines or adipokines.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that impaired fatty acid desaturation and lipid mediator imbalance within mesenteric adipose tissue contributes to chronic inflammation in CD. The therapeutic role of FADS2 may lead to improved CD treatment.

Background: Prox1 is a transcription factor necessary for lymphatic function. The main aim of the current study was to investigate the potential role of Prox1 in lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic function, and analyze Prox1-dependent stimulation of lymphatic function on mesenteric lesions and the composition of microbiota in Crohn’s disease. Methods: Prox1flox/+, Tie2-CreERT2 and IL-10 KO mice were included. Disease activity and enterocolitis inflammation were assessed using a grading system. Lymphatic vessel density and lymphatic function were analyzed using immunohistochemistry and lymphangiography. The potential mechanism of Prox1 was analyzed. The effects of lymphatic function on mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) and the composition of microbiota were evaluated. Results: Systemic delivery of AAV-Prox1 reduced disease activity index and the severity of chronic inflammation in IL-10 KO mice. Without compensatory response of Prox1, IL-10 KO+Prox1 KO mice developed serious inflammation in the colon. For lymphatic vessel, IL-10 KO+Prox1 KO mice showed lower lymphatic vessel density and less functional lymphatic vessels. IL-10 KO+AAV-Prox1 mice showed significantly increased lymphatic vessel density. Delivery of AAV-Prox1 also promoted lymphatic drainage function. The Prox1/VEGFC/VEGFR3 pathway played an important role in lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic function. Additionally, Prox1-dependent stimulation of lymphatic function ameliorated hypertrophy of MAT in IL-10 KO mice. Delivery of AAV-Prox1 also modified the composition of microbiota, the proportion of Firmicutes increased and Bacteroidetes decreased in IL-10 KO+AAV-Prox1 mice compared with IL-10 KO mice. An increase in the diversity of gut microbiota in IL-10 KO+ AAV-Prox1 mice was observed. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that Prox1 played the critical role in the lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic function. Additionally, Prox1-dependent stimulation of lymphatic function could ameliorate hypertrophy of MAT and modify the composition of microbiota in experimental Crohn’s disease. Funding Statement: This work was partly supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 81670471, 81770556 and 81570500). Declaration of Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interests. Ethics Approval Statement: All animal protocols were approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of the Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.

Background Prox1 is a transcription factor necessary for lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic function. The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between the expression of Prox1 and postoperative recurrence in Crohn's disease [CD]. Methods Forty CD patients who underwent ileo-colonic resection were included. Expression levels of Prox1 and D2-40 were detected using immunohistochemistry. Expression levels of Prox1, VEGFR3, and VEGFC protein were also detected in fresh CD specimens using western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reaction [Q-PCR]. Endoscopic recurrence was used as the endpoint. Patients comprised two groups: endoscopic recurrence [Group R+] and no endoscopic recurrence [Group R-]. Results Prox1 protein expression was significantly higher in CD than in normal tissues [p

Magnetic porous carbon-based sorbent (MPCS) with core-shell structure was prepared from the pyrolysis of FeIII-modified MOF-5. The component, structure and surface properties of the as-obtained sorbent were investigated by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Sorption behaviors of five organic micropollutants (OMPs), such as atrazine, carbamazepine, bisphenol A, norfloxacin and 4-nitrophenol, onto the magnetic porous MPCS were studied in a batch system. The adsorption capacities of the five OMPs onto MPCS followed the order of 4-nitrophenol > norfloxacin > bisphenol A > carbamazepine > atrazine. All isotherms were fitted well by the Dubinin-Ashtakhov (DA) model, and the approximate site energy distributions were acquired. The possible adsorption mechanisms of the five OMPs onto as-prepared MPCS were discussed in detail. This study will aid in further understanding of interactions between the OMPs and MOF-derived carbon-based materials.

Background and Aims: Mesenteric fat accumulation as observed in Crohn's disease (CD) is linked to chronic gut inflammation. The aim of this study is to investigate the metabolic profile of mesenteric adipocytes and the interactions between key metabolic alterations and local inflammation in the context of CD. Methods: Metabolic dysfunction regulated by Fatty Acid Desaturase-2 (FADS2) was identified by performing metabolomics and functional analyses in mesenteric adipose tissue biopsies and primary mesenteric adipocytes isolated from surgical specimens from patients with CD and control subjects. FADS2 was overexpressed in vitro with a lentiviral vector and an adeno-associated virus (AAV) in vivo. The interaction of mesenteric adipocytes and inflammation response was evaluated by establishing a cell coculture system and a FADS2-AAV treated animal model. 3T3-L1 cell was used to determine the mechanism underlying FADS2 deregulation. Results: We identified significantly changed metabolites involved in the multi-step synthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Gas chromatography analysis revealed impaired desaturation fluxes toward the n-6 and n-3 pathways linking with reduced FADS2 activity in human mesentery. Decreased expression of FADS2 at both mRNA and protein level were confirmed in surgical specimens. Restoration of FADS2, which allows the endogenous conversion of n-3 fatty acids into pro-resolving lipid mediators, produced a significant reduction in pro-inflammation macrophage infiltration and attenuated expression of inflammatory cytokines or adipokines. Conclusions: These findings indicate that impaired fatty acid desaturation and unbalanced lipid mediators within mesenteric adipose contribute to chronic inflammation of CD. The therapeutic role of FADS2 may lead to improved treatment. Funding: This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China [81770556]. Declaration of Interest: Authors confirm that there is no conflict of interest to declare. Ethical Approval: This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Jinling Hospital (Control ID: NZGKJ-063). All enrolled patients were consented.

Endothelin-A receptor (ETAR) is overexpressed in cancers and can function through transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. We explored ETAR in gastric cancer and investigated the antitumor effect of trastuzumab in combination with the ETAR antagonist ZD4054. The expression of ETAR was significantly correlated with the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor. Univariate and multivariate analyses further showed that ETAR expression correlated with reduced survival in gastric cancer patients. In vitro, ZD4054 increased the antiproliferative effect of trastuzumab in gastric cancer cell lines. Moreover, the addition of ZD4054 to trastuzumab significantly increased apoptosis in gastric cancer cell lines. In vivo, tumor growth was considerably inhibited by treatment with ZD4054 and trastuzumab, and the tumor volume in the trastuzumab and ZD4054 combination group was smaller than in the other groups. The detection of ETAR could help predict the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Additionally, this study provides support for the therapeutic use of the combination of ZD4054 and trastuzumab as an anticancer treatment, especially for gastric cancer.

Background Mesenteric fat wrapping and thickening are typical characteristics of Crohn's disease (CD). The purpose of this study was to explore the cause of mesenteric adipose hypertrophy and analyze the role of lymphatic vessels in mesenteric adipose tissue in CD. Methods Twenty-three CD patients who underwent ileocolonic resection were included. In CD patients, specimens were obtained from hypertrophic mesenteric adipose tissue (htMAT) next to the diseased ileum. The mesenteric lymphatic vessels in mesenteric adipose tissue were separated under stereoscope microscope. Transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence were used to observe the structure of mesenteric lymphatic vessels. The NF-κB signaling pathway in mesenteric adipose tissue was detected in CD specimens using Western blotting. Results Electron microscopy showed that the structure of mesenteric lymphatic vessel was discontinuous, and the microstructure of lymphatic endothelial cells appeared ruptured and incomplete. Through an immunofluorescence technique, we found that the surface of lymphatic endothelial cells lacked tight junction protein staining in CD. Also, the expression of claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1 in the mesenteric lymphatic vessel of htMAT was significantly lower than that of control. These results indicated that the structure of the mesenteric lymphatic vessel in htMAT was mispatterned and ruptured, which could lead to lymph leakage. Leaky lymph factors could stimulate adipose tissue to proliferate. Antigens that leaked into the mesenteric adipose tissue could effectively elicit an immune response. The levels of cytokines (TNF-a, IL-1β, IL-6) was increased in the htMAT of CD patients by activated NF-κB signaling pathway. Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that the hypertrophy of mesenteric adipose tissue may result from mispatterned and ruptured lymphatic vessels. Alteration of mesenteric adipose tissue was associated with activated NF-κB signaling pathway. This study enhances support for elucidating the importance of mesenteric lymphatic vessels and adipose tissue in CD.

Visceral fat is the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease and is associated with disease status.This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the visceral fat on mucosal healing in patients with Crohn's disease after infliximab induction therapy DESIGN:: This was a retrospective study.The study was conducted in a tertiary referral hospital.Between 2011 and 2017, 97 patients with Crohn's disease with the presence of ulcers underwent infliximab therapy.We studied them retrospectively. Mucosal healing was the end point. Patients composed 2 groups: mucosal healing and no mucosal healing. Univariate, multivariate, and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses determined the predictive value of the visceral fat area.Univariate analysis showed a statistically significant difference in the smoking history between the groups. Mucosal healing rates after infliximab were lower among active smokers (p = 0.022). Healed patients had significantly less visceral fat area before therapy (47.76 ± 4.94 vs 75.88 ± 5.55; p = 0.000) and a lower mesenteric fat index (0.52 ± 0.04 vs 0.89 ± 0.07; p = 0.000). There was no significant difference in the subcutaneous fat area (87.39 ± 5.01 vs 93.31 ± 6.95; p = 0.500). Multivariate analysis showed that only visceral fat area (OR = 0.978 (95% CI, 0.964-0.992); p = 0.002) and smoking history (OR = 0.305 (95% CI, 0.089-0.996); p = 0.041) were independent factors for mucosal healing. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed predictive cutoff values of 61.5 cm and 0.62 for visceral fat area and mesenteric fat index.This was a retrospective study.There was an association between increased visceral fat area and attenuated mucosal healing after infliximab therapy in biologically naive patients with Crohn's disease, indicating a need for earlier increased infliximab doses among patients with increased visceral fat. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/A590.

Emerging evidence has demonstrated that either laparoscopic-assisted gastrectomy (LAG) or robotic-assisted gastrectomy (RAG) could be adopted as standard treatment for early gastric cancer. However, the long-term survival and recurrence rate after LAG or RAG for locally advanced gastric cancer (AGC) has seldom been reported. We retrospectively analyzed the data from 339 patients who underwent LAG and 163 patients who underwent RAG from a prospectively established database in the Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital. We compared the short- and long-term oncological outcomes of the RAG group versus the LAG group in the entire cohort, and in a propensity score-matched cohort. Before propensity score matching (PSM), the two groups revealed comparable 3-year overall survival rates (OS, RAG vs. LAG: 76.1 vs. 81.7%, p = 0.118), and recurrence-free survival rates (RFS, RAG vs. LAG: 73.0 vs. 67.6%, p = 0.297). Similar results were obtained in the propensity score-matched cohort; the respective overall survival rates in the propensity score-matched RAG and LAG groups were 76.1 and 79.8% (p = 0.552), and the respective RFS rates were 73.0 and 68.7% (p = 0.386). After PSM, RAG was still associated with a significantly longer mean operating time (249.46 ± 63.26 vs. 232.17 ± 65.39 min, p = 0.008) and higher total costs (133.38 ± 41.62 vs. 95.34 ± 29.39 103 RMB, p

Background. Incisional surgical site infection (iSSI) is a frequent postoperative complication of abdominal surgeries in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). In this study, we investigated the association between thickness of subcutaneous fat (TSF) and iSSI in patients with CD undergoing intestinal resections. Patients and Methods. Patients with CD who had undergone abdominal surgery from January 2014 to January 2017 were included in this retrospective study. Patients’ TSF and other possible predictors of iSSI, including clinical characteristics, preoperative medications, hematological index, surgery-related data, and postoperative outcomes, were collected. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were used to examine the potential factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of factors. Results. The patient cohort comprised 246 patients (167 male (67.9%); mean age 35.7 ± 12.4 years; mean disease duration 69.6 ± 60.8 months). The incidence of iSSI was 24.8% (61/246). TSF was a significant predictor of iSSI (OR 1.079, 95% CIs (1.020, 1.142), P=0.008), being 13.7 mm in patients with iSSI and 9.9 mm in those without iSSI (P<0.001). Additionally, C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations (OR 1.059, P=0.003) were also possible predictors of iSSI, as indicated by both univariate and multivariate analysis. A model of iSSI comprising TSF and CRP concentrations was moderately accurate (AUC 0.827, CIs (0.766, 0.888)). Conclusions. Preoperative TSF and CRP independently affect iSSI in patients with CD undergoing intestinal resections.

Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5), a marker of adult stem cells and cancer stem cells, plays important roles in tumor progression. Furthermore, Lgr5 also contributes to chemoradiotherapy resistance. However, the function of Lgr5 in the prediction of preoperative chemotherapy efficacy has not been reported. We evaluated the potential of Lgr5 in predicting tumor response and overall survival in advanced gastric cancer treated with preoperative chemotherapy. The association between Lgr5 and chemotherapy resistance was also investigated in gastric cancer cell lines. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical analysis of Lgr5 expression were performed in 68 cases of gastric cancer treated with preoperative chemotherapy. Lgr5 expression was specifically silenced in the AGS gastric cancer cell lines by RNA interference. Levels of Lgr5 mRNA and protein in cell lines were detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction or western blotting. Cell viability was evaluated by an MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide dual staining analysis. We found that Lgr5 expression was significantly associated with tumor regression grade after preoperative chemotherapy. The rate of positive Lgr5 expression was significantly higher in patients with poor tumor regression compared with those exhibiting tumor regression (P=0.001). Lgr5-positive patients had a significantly shorter survival time than Lgr5-negative patients (P=0.001). Inhibition of Lgr5 expression with small interfering RNA increased the sensitivity of AGS gastric cancer cells to chemotherapy. Our findings suggest that Lgr5 expression may be implicated in the chemoresistance of gastric cancer cells and is a potential novel biomarker for predicting response to chemotherapy and prognosis in gastric cancer patients, and may also represent a potential new therapeutic target for cancer therapy.

The prognostic role of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) in gastric cancer remains controversial. We systematically reviewed the evidence for assessment of MMP-2 expression in gastric cancer to elucidate this issue.Pubmed, Embase and Web of Science were searched to identify eligible studies to evaluate the association of MMP-2 expression and overall survival and clinicopathological features of gastric cancer.MMP-2 overexpression was significantly correlated with poor OS of gastric cancer patients (HR 1.92, 95 % CI 1.48-2.48). Subgroup analysis indicated that MMP-2 overexpression had an unfavorable impact on OS in Asian countries (HR 2.23, 95 % CI 1.57-3.17) and European countries (HR 1.43, 95 % CI 1.13-1.80). Furthermore, MMP-2 overexpression was significantly associated with TNM stage (TIII/TIV vs TI/TII: OR 2.17, 95 % CI 1.64-2.87), the depth of invasion (T3/T4 vs T1/T2: OR 2.59, 95 % CI 1.63-4.12), lymph node metastasis (positive vs negative: OR 2.21, 95 % CI 1.69-2.88), and distant metastasis (positive vs negative: OR 4.44, 95 % CI 1.24-15.94).This meta-analysis indicated that MMP-2 overexpression might be a predictive factor for poor prognosis for gastric cancer.

// Xiaohui Huang 1, * , Weisong Shen 2, * , Hongqing Xi 1 , Kecheng Zhang 1 , Jianxin Cui 1 , Bo Wei 1 , Lin Chen 1 1 Department of General Surgery, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China 2 Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Lin Chen, email: chenlinbj@163.com Bo Wei, email: pu_384632271@sina.com Keywords: gastrointestinal cancer, CD147, prognosis, meta-analysis Received: June 16, 2016 Accepted: October 03, 2016 Published: October 19, 2016 ABSTRACT The prognostic role of Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN/ CD147) in gastrointestinal cancer remains controversial. We systematically reviewed the evidence of assessment of CD147 expression in gastrointestinal cancer to help clarify this issue. Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases were searched to identify eligible studies to evaluate the association of CD147 expression and disease-free and overall survival of gastrointestinal cancer. Hazard ratios (HRs) were pooled to estimate the effect. CD147 overexpression was significantly correlated with poor disease-free survival (HR 2.38, 95% CI 1.43–3.97) and overall survival (HR 1.64, 95% CI 1.25–2.14) of cancer patients. Furthermore, CD147 overexpression was significantly association with TNM stage (TIII/TIV vs TI/TII: OR 3.60, 95% CI 1.85–7.01), the depth of invasion (T3/T4 vs T1/T2: OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.25–3.33), lymph node metastasis (positive vs negative: 2.35, 95% CI 1.14–4.86), distant metastasis (positive vs negative: OR 4.78, 95% CI 1.43–16.00). Our analyses demonstrate that CD147 was effectively predictive of worse prognosis in gastrointestinal cancer. Moreover, Identifying CD147 may help identify new drug targets for cancer therapy.

To compare the clinical efficacy with meta-analysis between robot-assisted gastrectomy(RAG) and laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy (LAG) for gastric cancer.A literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wanfang Data, CNKI(Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure), and CBM(China Biological Medicine) databases for clinical researches published before July 2015 that compared RAG with LAG. Operative time, estimated blood loss, harvested lymph nodes, proximal margin, distal margin, hospital stay, conversion and complications were compared using weighted mean differences(WMD) and odds ratios (OR).Sixteen studies were included in the analysis, comprising 5 764 patients(1 593 RAGs, 4 171 LAGs). RAG was associated with longer operative time (WMD=49.68, 95% CI: 35.54 to 63.82, P=0.000), less estimated blood loss (WMD=-26.10, 95% CI: -42.90 to -9.31, P=0.002), and shorter hospital stay(WMD=-0.72, 95% CI: -1.35 to -0.09, P=0.024). Conversion, mortality, complications, proximal margin, distal margin and harvested lymph nodes of RAG were similar to LAG. In meta-analysis results of distal gastrectomy and early-stage gastric cancer, RAG had more harvested lymph nodes (distal gastrectomy: WMD=2.23, 95% CI: 0.33 to 4.13, P=0.021; early-stage gastric cancer: WMD=2.58, 95% CI: 1.05 to 4.12, P=0.001).RAG can be performed safely with less estimated blood loss and more harvested lymph nodes as compared to LAG. Radical resection can be achieved by RAG.

Nanoporous adsorbents of ZnO/ZnFe2O4/C were synthesized by using a metal organic framework (Fe(III)-modified MOF-5) as both the precursor and the self-sacrificing template. The adsorption properties of ZnO/ZnFe2O4/C toward Pb(ii) ions were investigated, including the pH effect, adsorption equilibrium and adsorption kinetics. The adsorption isotherms and kinetics were well described by using the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order model, respectively. The MOF-derived inorganic adsorbents exhibited high absorption performance with a maximum adsorption capacity of 344.83 mg g(-1). X-ray powder diffraction and high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggest that Zn(ii) was substituted by a significant portion of Pb(ii) on the surface of ZnO nanocrystals. Microscopic observations also demonstrate the effect of Pb(ii) ions on ZnO crystals as reflected by the considerably reduced average particle size and defective outer layer. Quantitative measurement of the released Zn(ii) ions and the adsorbed Pb(ii) ions indicated a nearly linear relationship (R(2) = 0.977). Moreover, Pb-containing ZnO/ZnFe2O4/C adsorbents are strongly magnetic allowing their separation from the water environment by an external magnet.

One-dimensional magnetite/manganese iron oxide modified by carbon coating and with TiO

To systemically evaluate the relationship between the expression of insulin-like growth factor receptor type I (IGF-1R) and prognosis in gastric cancer (GC) patients.A literature search was conducted from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP databases to retrieve the clinical studies relevant to IGF-1R expression and its prognostic value in GC patients. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA 12.0 software. The methodology was assessed according to the European Lung Cancer Working Party Quality Scale for Biological Prognostic Factors for Lung Cancer. The quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.Four eligible studies including 685 patients were enrolled for this meta-analysis. Analysis results suggested that up-regulation of IGF-1R in GC patients was significantly associated with TNM staging (OR=5.20, 95%CI:1.12 to 24.15, P=0.035), lymph node metastasis(OR=8.24, 95%CI:2.68 to 25.34, P=0.000) and distant metastasis(OR=17.34, 95%CI:6.52 to 46.15, P=0.000). Moreover, up-regulated IGF-1R expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival of gastric cancer patients(HR=2.63, 95% CI:1.29 to 5.40, Z=2.64, P=0.008).High IGF-1R expression may be an adverse prognostic factor in gastric cancer patients.

Robot-assisted gastrectomy (RAG) is a new minimally invasive surgical technique for gastric cancer. This study was designed to compare RAG with laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy (LAG) in short-term surgical outcomes. Between October 2011 and August 2014, 423 patients underwent robotic or laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer: 93 RAG and 330 LAG. We performed a comparative analysis between RAG group and LAG group for clinicopathological characteristics and short-term surgical outcomes. RAG was associated with a longer operative time (P

To evaluate the efficacy of different treatments for synchronous liver metastasis from gastric cancer.Clinicopathological and follow-up data of 271 patients with synchronous liver metastasis from gastric cancer between January 1998 and November 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. Among 271 patients, 34 received surgery alone, 95 received chemotherapy alone, and 120 received combined therapy. The prognosis was compared.The median survival time was 8 months (3-41 months) in the surgery group and the cumulative 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 32.4%, 2.9% and 0. The median survival time was 7 months (3-50 months) in the chemotherapy group and the cumulative 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 21.1%, 1.1% and 0 respectively. The median survival time was 11 months (3-84 months) in the combined group and the cumulative 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 50.0%, 5.0% and 0.8% respectively. The differences among groups were all statistically significant (all P0.05). Extent of lymph node metastasis, therapeutic strategies, and liver metastasis management were significantly independent prognostic factors for synchronous liver metastasis from gastric cancer.Comprehensive treatment based on operation may improve the long-term survival of patients with synchronous liver metastasis from gastric cancer.

To assess the value of gastric and hepatic surgical treatment in gastric cancer patients with liver metastasis and its prognostic implication.Literature search was performed in pubmed, Embase, Ovid, Springer-Link, Web of Science, CNKI, CBMdisc for clinical research published before March 2013 that compared gastrectomy alone to gastrectomy and hepatectomy. Inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria were performed. Quality assessment was based on NOS scale. Stata12.0 was used for statistical analysis.Nine studies including 431 patients were enrolled for analysis, among whom 189 underwent gastrectomy and hepatectomy and 242 underwent gastrectomy alone. Gastrectomy and hepatectomy group had better survival(HR=0.50, 95%CI:0.34-0.72, z=3.66, P=0.000). There was a subgroup analysis. Gastrectomy with hepatectomy group had significant advantages in prognosis in four foreign studies(HR=0.28, 95%CI:0.18-0.44, z=5.77, P=0.000). There was no significant difference in five domestic studies (HR=0.74, 95%CI:0.55-1.00, z=1.95, P=0.051).Gastrectomy and hepatectomy in gastric cancer patients with liver metastasis improves long-term survival in select patients.

Gastric cancer with liver metastasis (GCLM) is the leading cause of death in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Multiple metastasis was common in GCLM and usually complicated with lesions outside the liver, especially peritoneal metastasis. Most of liver metastasis lesions could not be resected radically. Currently, main treatments for GCLM included radical operation, palliative resection of gastric cancer, ablation of metastatic lesions, intervention and systemic chemotherapy. Based on the current progress in the treatment for GCLM and our clinical experience, the general status of patients, the type of gastric cancer and the degree of liver metastasis should be analyzed, and a cooperative multidisciplinary team (MDT) should be applied to conduct and to choose active and suitable comprehensive treatment for GCLM patients based on individualized therapy principle.

Robot-assisted gastrectomy (RAG) for gastric cancer is still a controversial surgical technique for adequate tumor resection, lymphadenectomy, and postoperative outcome. A meta-analysis analyzed updated clinical trials that have compared RAG with laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy (LAG) to evaluate whether RAG is equivalent to LAG. Eight studies were included in the analysis, comprising 1,875 patients. RAG was associated with a longer operative time (p