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Purpose To investigate the different imaging features of contrast-enhanced multidetector-row-computed tomography (MDCT) for distinguishing between silicosis and tuberculosis involving the mediastinal lymph nodes. Methods 86 silicosis patients and 61 tuberculosis patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy based on contrast-enhanced MDCT were included. The enhanced patterns, anatomical distribution and calcification features of the enlarged lymph nodes were retrospectively compared between the groups using the Pearson chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Results Homogeneous enhancement of the mediastinal lymph nodes was more commonly observed in silicosis (94.2%, 81/86) than in tuberculosis (19.7%, 12/61). Peripheral enhancement was more frequent in tuberculosis (n = 44, 72.1%) than in silicosis involving the mediastinal lymph nodes (n = 1, 1.2%), and multilocular appearance was more frequent in TB than in silicosis. Tuberculosis was more likely to affect regions 1R, 2R, 2L, 3A, 5 and 6 than silicosis (all p < 0.05), especially region 2R. Calcification of the lymph nodes was more common in the silicosis group than in tuberculosis group. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of silicosis with lymphadenopathy with homogeneous enhanced pattern were 94.2%, 80.3% and 88.4%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of tuberculosis lymphadenopathy with peripheral enhanced pattern were 72.1%, 98.8%, and 87.7%, respectively. Conclusion The predominant enhanced patterns, anatomical distribution, and calcification features of mediastinal lymph nodes were different between tuberculosis and silicosis. These radiographic features might help differentiate tuberculosis from silicosis, which provides imaging information for the differential diagnosis of the two diseases in a clinical setting., Author(s): Xiao-Ling Wen [sup.1] [sup.2], Rui Shi [sup.1], Ying-Kun Guo [sup.3], Yuan Li [sup.1], Yi Shu [sup.1], Xian-Chao Yu [sup.2], Qian-Chi Yu [sup.2], Si-Shi Tang [sup.4], Zhi-Gang Yang [sup.1] Author [...]

This purpose of this reuiew is to understand status of chemical constituets and pharmacological effects of medicinal plant of Arundina graminifolia bt investigating literature about the chemical and pharmacological studies on Arundina . 41 compounds were isolated and characterized including phenolic compounds, such as phenanthrenes and bibenzyls. Some phenolic compounds show antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. Studies on this medicinal plant would have important significance for finding new bioactive compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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We summarized the status of chemical and pharmacological studies on fungi of the genus. There are four species of Thelephora genus and 86 compounds were isolated and characterized including p-terphenyls, steroids and aliphatic compounds, and some volatile compounds. Some p-terphenyls compounds have antioxidant activities. Studies on fungi of the genus would have important significance in finding of new bioactive compounds and the protection of resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the radical scavenging activity in vitro of five extracts of Dendrobium thyrsiflorum extracted by 95% ethanol, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and methanol. Method DPPH radical scavenging activity in vitro method was used to research the radical scavenging activity in vitro of five crude extracts of Dendrobium thyrsiflorum. Result Among the five extracts of Dendrobium thyrsiflorum, the ethyl acetate extract exhibited the highest scavenging activity (IC50 = 0.11 mg/mL) . Conclusions The extracts from Dendrobium thyrsiflorum have a certain value in radical scavenging. The research provides scientific basis for utilizing this medicinal plant [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the in vitro radical scavenging activity of extracts from Dendrobium chrysotoxum, including 95% ethanol, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and methanol extracts. Methods DPPH radical scavenging activity method was used to research the in vitro activity of five crude extracts. Results The results showed that the ethyl acetate extract exhibited a good scavenging action (IC50 = 0.12 mg/mL). Conclusion The extracts from D.chrysotoxum have a certain value in antioxidant aspect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the radical scavenging activity in vitro of 95% ethanol. petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol. methanol and water extracts of Lactarius deliciosus. Method DPPH radical scavenging activity in vitro method was used to study the activities of five crude extracts of Lactarius deliciosus. Result It was found that the ethyl acetate extract exhibited the best radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 0.26 mg/mL). Conclusions The extracts from Lactarius deliciosus have certain values in antioxidant aspect. The research provides scientific basis for utilizing this edible wild mushroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the antioxidant activity in vitro of Dendrobium chrysanthum Wall in Yunnan. Method DPPH radical scavenging activity in vitro method was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity in vitro of Dendrobium chrysanthum Wall in Yunnan. Result The EtOH (95%) crude extract, EtOAc extract and the n-BuOH extract exhibited higher scavenging activities (IC50 = 0.39, 0.27, 0.40 mg/mL, respectively) than the others. Conclusion No extracts have stronger radical scavenging activities than rutin (IC50 = 0.063 mg/mlL). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare the short-term effect and adverse reaction of venetoclax (VEN) combined with azacitidine (AZA) versus "7+3" regimen in newly diagnosed elder patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML)., Methods: From January 2021 to January 2022, the clinical data of seventy-nine newly diagnosed elder patients with AML at the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University and the Shanxi Bethune Hospital were retrospectively analyzed, including VEN+AZA group (41 cases) and "7+3" group (38 cases). The propensity score matching(PSM) method was used to balance confounding factors， then response， overall survival(OS), progressionfree survival(PFS) and adverse reactions between the two groups were compared., Results: The ORR of VEN+AZA group and "7+3" group was 68% and 84%, respectively, and the CRc was 64% and 72%, respectively, the differents were not statistically significant ( P >0.05). In the VEN+AZA group, there were 5 non-remission (NR) patients, 4 with chromosome 7 abnormality (7q-/-7), and 1 with ETV6 gene mutation. Median followed-up time between the two groups was 8 months and 12 months, respectively, and the 6-months OS was 84% vs 92% ( P =0.389), while 6-months PFS was 84% vs 92% ( P =0.258). The main hematological adverse reactions in two groups were stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ myelosuppression, and the incidence rate was not statistically different( P >0.05). The median time of neutrophil recovery in two groups was 27(11-70) d, 25(14-61) d （ P =0.161）, and platelet recovery was 27(11-75) d, 25(16-50) d （ P =0.270）, respectively. The infection rate of VEN+AZA group was lower than that of "7+3" group (56% vs 88%, P =0.012）. The rate of lung infections of two groups was 36% and 64%, respectively, the difference was statistically significant ( P =0.048)., Conclusion: The short-term effect of VEN+AZA group and "7+3" regimens in eldrly AML patients are similar， but the VEN+AZA regimen had a lower incidence of infection. The presence of chromosome 7 abnormality（7q-/-7） may be a poor prognostic factor for elderly AML patients treated with VEN+AZA.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has highly heterogeneous clinical manifestations and poor prognosis, and traditional chemotherapy is the main treatment. In recent years, with the in-depth development of next-generation sequencing technology, the treatment of AML is gradually exploring the precise targeted therapy in the direction of molecular biology and immunophenotype. The advent of various small-molecule inhibitors and immune-targeted drugs has brought hope to patients who cannot tolerate intensive chemotherapy or with relapsed/refractory AML. Compared with traditional chemotherapy, targeted therapy has the advantages of significant curative effect and fewer adverse effects. This article reviews the latest research progress of targeted drug therapy for AML.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of multi-slice spiral CT(MSCT) in the diagnosis of mild digestive tract hemorrhage. Methods Thirty-five patients with mild gastrointestinal hemorrhage were examined by enhanced MSCT.CT signs were observed and compared with pathologic examination findings.Results Diseases in these 35 patients included gastric and duodenal ulcer and inflammation(n=4,11.4%),esophagogastric variceal rupture(n=7,20.0%),gastric carcinoma(n=3,8.6%),gastric stromal tumor(n=3,8.6%),gastric polyp(n=1,2.9%),colonic malignancy(n=5,14.2%),small intestinal stromal tumor(n=6,17.1%),rectal cancer(n=2,5.7%),intestinal Crohn disease(n=3,8.6%),and jejunum diverticulum combined with hemorrhage(n=1,2.9%).All of them were diagnosed by endoscopy of the digestive tract and confirmed by operation and pathology.The accuracy rate of CT was 100%.The coincidence rate of CT diagnosis was 97.1%.Conclusion MSCT is a promising technique in the localization,qualitative diagnosis,and clinical treatment of mild gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

High-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were accurately performed to analyze the components of nanocrystals in the urine of patients with calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones. XRD, SAED and FFT detected the presence of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), uric acid (UA), and calcium phosphate (CaP). EDS detected the elements of C, O, Ca, with a small amount of N and P. These results showed that the main components of urinary nanocrystals were COM, with a small amount UA and phosphate. HRTEM observation showed that the particle size of urinary nanocrystals was dozens of nanometers. The result was consistent with the calculation by Debye-Scherrer equation. When the urine was filtered through a microporous membrane of 0.45, 1.2, and 3 μm, respectively, the number of diffraction peaks of the obtained urine crystallites increased with the increased pore size, indicating the increase of urinary crystallite species. Crystal nucleation, growth, aggregation, and adhesion of crystals to the renal epithelial cells are important processes for CaOx stone formation. The presence of a large amount of COM crystals in patients' urine is a critical factor for CaOx stones formation. Nano UA and CaP crystallite can induce the CaOx stone formation as central nidus.